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Download File Identifying strategies for multi sectoral partnerships in public space projects for young vulnerable communities A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of Architecture and Planning COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Urban Planning by LAURA POSTARINI May 2019 “You don’t see yourself as part of the city—there are no places that you relate to, that you love to go. No corner, no area touched by a certain kind of light. You have no memory of any material, texture, shape. Everything is constantly changing, according to somebody else’s will, somebody else’s power… This city is not about other people or buildings or streets but about your mental structure… Cities really are mental conditions.” Ai Weiwei - 8/28/11- AI WEIWEI ON BEIJING'S NIGHTMARE CITY- Newsweek 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This research is the result of my personal involvement in the past year in the research project on the use of empty lots as informal football fields in the city of Beirut. Many people have contributed in a way or another to this research, and I would like to express my great gratitude to all those who did. I would like first to express my admiration for the determinacy and activism and continuous research Public Works develops in Lebanon, towards giving a voice for all of those who do not have it, in their commitment of creating a more equitable and safe city. I owe a lot to my thesis advisor, Prof. Douglas Woodward, who have passionately and patiently gave me a lot of his time and knowledge while guiding me through this research. I would also like to express my gratitude to Prof. Hiba Bou Akar for her trust and encouragement to work in Beirut the past summer. This thesis is meant to be part of the work of the Planning through play project which Public Works began in 2014. Part of this research was funded by the fellowship given to me by the Tamer Social Enterprise at the Columbia Business School, I would like to thank them for that. Several other people have participated in one way or another in the achievement of this thesis; Specially the team from Tiempo de Juego for sharing with me their work experience, their time, and allowing me to participate in their activities. Their commitment and energy has allowed them to improve the lives of many, and hopefully they will continue to. My admiration goes to the residents from Cazucá, who are a standing prove of strength and resiliency. There are no enough words to express my gratitude to my friends and family. My parents for their relentless support and encouragement in every project that I have ever embarked on, for teaching me to be a good person above everything and always despite the situation. My little Dani, for being the person that makes me the happiest. I would have not been able to do this research without the personal support that Tyrene and Pauline have provided me in the last few months. And finally, my most infinite admiration and gratitude to the strong and unbreakable people that have been forcibly driven away from their homes and have found the way to make a home on their new cities. 2 ABSTRACT Title: Identifying strategies for multi sectoral partnerships in public space projects applied in young vulnerable communities The purpose of this research is a desire to understand how to develop partnerships that can improve the public space, while empowering vulnerable communities. Providing communities with the necessary tools and strategies that can transform not only their surrounding built environment but also their livelihoods and have long lasting positive effects. The project analyzes Mar Elias camp in Beirut – Lebanon where a group of young residents have taken up the adjacent field to organize football tournaments and practices. This informal approach to using public space in the city and developing activities around it has provided benefits for the community. This circumstance deals as well with the status Palestinian refugees hold in Lebanon, and how can this population and its built environment has for decade lived in a condition of temporality in their host city. In order to provide a formal space that can provide maintenance for the field, promotion of activities and support governance of the area, this research looks for best practices that involve the understanding of multisectoral partnerships. The case study analysis on Tiempo de Juego in Bogotá, which is a non-profit organization that has grown organically together with the community and works with in one of the most vulnerable, diverse and underserved neighborhoods in the southeastern limits of Bogota, is a key component which aims at providing concepts that can nourish the project in Beirut. 3 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 6 2. BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................ 8 2.1 The importance to the urban planning field .................................................................. 10 2.2 Establishing the vulnerability of children in the urban environment ............................ 10 3. RESEARCH QUESTION ............................................................................................ 12 4. RESEARCH SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES ................................................................ 12 4.1. Scope ............................................................................................................................. 12 4.2. Main Objectives ............................................................................................................ 13 5. RESEARCH DESIGN ................................................................................................. 13 5.1 General Research Approach ............................................................................................... 14 5.2 Selection of research site .................................................................................................... 14 5.3 Research subjects .......................................................................................................... 14 5.4 Point of view ................................................................................................................. 16 5.5 Research methodology diagram .................................................................................... 19 6 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ................................................................................ 20 6.1 Safe Public spaces for the youth ................................................................................... 20 6.2 Multisectoral partnerships in public space interventions .............................................. 21 6.3 The role sports for development programs play in transforming young vulnerable communities .............................................................................................................................. 26 6.4 The challenge of achieving stewardship and appropriation for vulnerable displaced communities .............................................................................................................................. 28 6.5 Challenges of participatory planning processes ............................................................ 29 6.6 Local governability ....................................................................................................... 30 7 THE CASE OF PUBLIC SPACE IN PALESTINIAN REFUGEE CAMPS IN BEIRUT 31 7.1 Understanding Beirut - Lebanon ................................................................................... 31 7.2 History of Mar Elias Refugee Camp ............................................................................. 33 7.3 Study of informal soccer fields in the city of Beirut - research developed by Public Works in 2015 ........................................................................................................................... 34 7.4 Research and framework developed in 2018 ................................................................ 39 7.4 Potential strategies developed by Public Works ................................................................. 43 8 CASE STUDY : TIEMPO DE JUEGO (BOGOTÁ – COLOMBIA) .......................... 44 8.1 CAZUCÁ – Comuna 4 of the Municipality of Soacha ................................................. 44 8.2 Tiempo de Juego (TDJ) Foundation ............................................................................. 45 8.3 Attributes relevant to the research ................................................................................ 47 4 8.4 The leadership model .................................................................................................... 47 8.5 Strong partnership purpose ........................................................................................... 49 8.6 Participatory approach to neighborhood improvement on the built environment ........ 51 8.7 Social businesses ........................................................................................................... 52 9 FINDINGS ................................................................................................................... 54 9.1 Challenges on the project´s planning process ............................................................... 55 9.2 Challenges on transferring strategies to Lebanon ......................................................... 55 10 A COMPARISON BETWEEN LEBANON
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