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The Lebanon Country of Origin Information Report July 2006

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The Lebanon Country of Origin Information Report July 2006 COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT THE LEBANON JULY 2006 RDS-IND COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE JULY 2006 THE LEBANON Contents 1. SCOPE OF DOCUMENT................................................................................1.01 2. GEOGRAPHY ..............................................................................................2.01 Map of Lebanon........................................................................................2.04 3. ECONOMY ..................................................................................................3.01 4. HISTORY ....................................................................................................4.01 1975 – 2005: Civil war; Israeli occupations; Syrian occupation.........4.01 Syrian withdrawal: April – May 2005.....................................................4.06 Elections: May – June 2005 ...................................................................4.09 Other recent events: 2005-2006.............................................................4.12 5. STATE STRUCTURES ..................................................................................5.01 The Constitution .....................................................................................5.01 The Taif (Ta’if/Taef) Agreement...........................................................5.02 Citizenship and nationality ...................................................................5.03 Kurds ...............................................................................................5.05 Palestinians .....................................................................................5.06 Political system.......................................................................................5.08 Judiciary..................................................................................................5.12 Legal rights/Detention............................................................................5.15 Death penalty.......................................................................................5.18 Internal security......................................................................................5.20 Prisons.....................................................................................................5.23 Women in Prison..................................................................................5.25 Military service........................................................................................5.27 Hizbollah (Hezbollah)...........................................................................5.33 Medical services .....................................................................................5.35 Palestinians..........................................................................................5.43 Education ................................................................................................5.48 Palestinians..........................................................................................5.51 6. HUMAN RIGHTS .........................................................................................6.01 6.A HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUES .............................................................................6.01 General ....................................................................................................6.01 Torture .................................................................................................6.03 Arbitrary arrest and detention ..............................................................6.10 Extrajudicial killings and assassinations ..............................................6.14 Disappearances ...................................................................................6.18 Abuses by Hizbollah (Hezbollah) .........................................................6.23 Abuses by Palestinian groups..............................................................6.27 Freedom of speech and the media........................................................6.31 Journalists............................................................................................6.37 Freedom of religion ................................................................................6.43 Abuse and restriction of religious freedom...........................................6.49 Forced religious conversion .................................................................6.52 Religious groups ..................................................................................6.53 Freedom of association and assembly.................................................6.63 Political activists...................................................................................6.68 Leading political activists .....................................................................6.73 Employment rights .................................................................................6.76 Trade unions and the right to strike......................................................6.81 Palestinians..........................................................................................6.83 People trafficking....................................................................................6.87 Protection, prosecution and prevention................................................6.90 Freedom of movement ...........................................................................6.94 6.B HUMAN RIGHTS – SPECIFIC GROUPS ..........................................................6.97 ii This country of origin information report contains the most up-to-date publicly available information as at 16 December 2005. Older source material has been included where it contains relevant information not available in more recent documents. THE LEBANON JULY 2006 Ethnic and national groups ...................................................................6.97 Kurds....................................................................................................6.98 Palestinians..........................................................................................6.101 United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA).......................6.110 Refugee camps ...............................................................................6.114 Nahr el-Bared .............................................................................6.124 Beddawi......................................................................................6.126 Wavel .........................................................................................6.128 Dbayeh ......................................................................................6.130 Shatil (Chatila)............................................................................6.133 Mar Elias ...................................................................................6.136 Burj el-Barajneh..........................................................................6.139 Ein el-Hilweh (Ain al-Hilweh/Ayn Hilwa) ....................................6.142 Mieh Mieh...................................................................................6.154 El-Buss .......................................................................................6.156 Burj el-Shemali ...........................................................................6.158 Rashidieh ...................................................................................6.160 Residence status and documents ...................................................6.162 Syrians .................................................................................................6.166 Gender .....................................................................................................6.168 ‘Honour’ killings....................................................................................6.176 Palestinians..........................................................................................6.179 Children ...................................................................................................6.181 Child care arrangements......................................................................6.184 Palestinians..........................................................................................6.185 Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender persons ...............................6.187 People with disabilities ..........................................................................6.191 Palestinians..........................................................................................6.193 Refugees and asylum seekers ..............................................................6.194 6.C HUMAN RIGHTS – OTHER ISSUES...................................................................6.197 Armed groups .........................................................................................6.197 Palestinian groups ...............................................................................6.197 Hizbollah (Hezbollah)...........................................................................6.205 South Lebanon Army (SLA) .................................................................6.209 Other groups known or believed to be in Lebanon ..............................6.212 Relations with neighbouring countries ................................................6.214 Syria.....................................................................................................6.214 Israel ....................................................................................................6.220
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