Insect Fauna of Korea

Home , Allobaccha, Betasyrphus, Chamaesyrphus, Dasysyrphus albostriatus, Dasysyrphus tricinctus, Didea alneti

Volume 5, Number 3

Syrphidae Ⅲ

Arthropoda: Insecta: Diptera: Brachycera: Syrphidae: Syrphinae

2018

National Institute of Biological Resources Ministry of Environment

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Published by the National Institute of Biological Resources Environmental Research Complex, 42, Hwangyeong-ro, Seo-gu Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea www.nibr.go.kr

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the National Institute of Biological Resources.

ISBN: 978-89-6811-322-2(96470), 978-89-94555-00-3(Set) Government Publications Registration Number: 11-1480592-001353-01

Printed by Doohyun Publishing Co. in Korea on acid-free paper

Publisher: National Institute of Biological Resources Authors: Deuk-Soo Choi (Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency), Sang-Wook Suk (Yonsei Univ.), Su-Bin Lee (Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency), Ho-Yeon Han (Yonsei Univ.) Project Staff: Jung-Sun Yoo, Hong Yul Suh, Jinwhoa YUM, Tae Woo Kim, Seon Yi Kim

Published on February 20, 2018

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Volume 5, Number 3

Syrphidae Ⅲ

Arthropoda: Insecta: Diptera: Brachycera: Syrphidae: Syrphinae

Deuk-Soo Choi1, Sang-Wook Suk2, Su-Bin Lee1 and Ho-Yeon Han2 1Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 2Yonsei University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do

곤충-꽃등에아과Ⅲ_영문 수정.indd 3 2018-09-12 오전 11:41:44 The Flora and Fauna of Korea logo was designed to represent six major target groups of the project including vertebrates, invertebrates, insects, algae, fungi, and bacteria.

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The biological resources include all the composition of organisms and genetic resources which possess the practical and potential values essential to human live. Biological resources will be firmed competition of the nation because they will be used as fundamental sources to make highly valued products such as new lines or varieties of biological organisms, new material, and drugs. As the Nagoya Protocol was adopted in 2010 and entered into force in the 12th Conference of Parties of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 2014, it is expected that the competition to get biological resources will be much intensive under the rapidly changed circumstance on the access and benefic sharing of the genetic resources (ABS). To cope with a new international paradigm on all kinds of issues related to biological resources, the Ministry of Environment of Korea enforced a new law called ‘An act on access and benefit sharing of genetic resources’ on August 17th, 2017. Each nation in the world is investigating and clearing information of native species within its territory in order to secure its sovereignty rights over biological resources. The National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) of the Ministry of Environment has published the ‘Flora and Fauna of Korea’ since 2006 to manage biological resources in comprehensive ways and to enhance national competitiveness by building up the foundation for the sovereignty over biological resources. Professional research groups consisting of professors and related experts of taxonomy examined systematically a total of 14,336 species for the past eight years to publish 173 volumes in both Korean and English versions, and two volumes of World Monograph covering 216 species of invertebrates. This year, 13 volumes of the Flora and Fauna of Korea in both Korean and English versions including 1,407 species of invertebrates, insects and vascular plants are additionally published. Flora and Fauna of Korea are the first professional records to describe all the species of the nation in a comprehensive way, and they would contribute to level up the taxonomic capacity. The NIBR will continue to publish flora and fauna of Korea that will contribute conservation and application of biological resources for successful implementation of the ABS protocol. Finally, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to authors who spared no effort to publish the Flora and Fauna of Korea.

President of the National Institute of Biological Resources

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CONTENTS

List of Taxa 4 Introduction 8 Materials and Methods 9 Taxonomic Notes 12 1. Allobaccha apicalis (Loew) 14 2. Baccha maculata Walker 16 3. Chrysotoxum biguttatum Matsumura 18 4. Chrysotoxum coreanum Shiraki 19 5. Chrysotoxum festivum (Linnaeus) 20 6. Chrysotoxum graciosum Violovitsh 21 7. Chrysotoxum grande Matsumura 23 8. Chrysotoxum ramphostomus Mutin 24 9. Chrysotoxum sapporense Matsumura 25 10. Chrysotoxum sibiricum Loew 26 11. Chrysotoxum tuberculatum Shannon 27 12. Melanostoma incisum Matsumura 28 13. Melanostoma mellinum (Linnaeus) 29 14. Melanostoma scalare (Fabricius) 31 15. Platycheirus ambiguus (Fallén) 33 16. Platycheirus clypeatus (Meigen) 34 17. Platycheirus immaculatus Ôhara 35 18. Platycheirus pennipes Ôhara 36 19. Platycheirus scutatus (Meigen) 36 20. Platycheirus urakawensis (Matsumura) 38 21. Xanthandrus comtus (Harris) 39 22. Paragus fasciatus Coquillett 41 23. Paragus haemorrhous Meigen 41 24. Paragus jozanus Matsumura 43 25. Paragus politus Wiedemann 43 26. Paragus quadrifasciatus Meigen 44 27. Paragus tibialis (Fallén) 45 28. Allograpta javana (Wiedemann) 46 29. Asarkina ericetorum (Fabricius) 48

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30. Asarkina porcina (Coquillett) 48 31. Betasyrphus serarius (Wiedemann) 50 32. Dasysyrphus albostriatus (Fallén) 52 33. Dasysyrphus bilineatus (Matsumura) 53 34. Dasysyrphus tricinctus (Fallén) 54 35. Didea alneti (Fallén) 55 36. Didea fasciata Macquart 56 37. Dideoides coquilletti (van der Goot) 58 38. Dideoides latus (Coquillett) 59 39. Doros conopseus (Fabricius) 60 40. Epistrophe grossulariae (Meigen) 62 41. Epistrophe nigroepistomata Shiraki and Edashige 63 42. Epistrophe nitidicollis (Meigen) 63 43. Epistrophe omogensis Shiraki and Edashige 64 44. Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer) 65 45. Episyrphus nectarinus (Wiedemann) 67 46. Eriozona syrphoides (Fallén) 68 47. Ischyrosyrphus glaucius (Linnaeus) 69 48. Ischyrosyrphus laternarius (Müller) 70 49. Leucozona lucorum (Linnaeus) 71 50. Melangyna compositarum (Verrall) 73 51. Melangyna lasiophthalma (Zetterstedt) 74 52. Meliscaeva cinctella (Zetterstedt) 75 53. Metasyrphus confrater (Wiedemann) 77 54. Metasyrphus corollae (Fabricius) 78 55. Metasyrphus luniger (Meigen) 80 56. Metasyrphus nitens (Zetterstedt) 81 57. Parasyrphus annulatus (Zetterstedt) 82 58. Scaeva komabensis (Matsumura) 84 59. Scaeva pyrastri (Linnaeus) 85 60. Sphaerophoria bengalensis Macquart 86 61. Sphaerophoria chongjini Bańkowska 87 62. Sphaerophoria indiana Bigot 87 63. Sphaerophoria macrogaster (Thomson) 87 64. Sphaerophoria menthastri (Linnaeus) 88 65. Sphaerophoria rueppellii (Wiedemann) 90

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66. Sphaerophoria taeniata (Meigen) 91 67. Syrphus ribesii (Linnaeus) 92 68. Syrphus torvus Osten Sacken 94 69. Syrphus vitripennis Meigen 95 70. Xanthogramma coreanum Shiraki 97 71. Xanthogramma sapporense Matsumura 98 Literatures Cited 100 Plates 105 Index to Scientific Names 113

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LIST OF TAXA

Phylum Arthropoda von Siebold, 1848 Class Insecta Linnaeus, 1758 Order Diptera Linnaeus, 1758 Suborder Brachycera Macquart, 1834 Family Syrphidae Latreille, 1802 Subfamily Syrphinae Latreille, 1802 Tribe Bacchini Genus Allobaccha Curran, 1928 Allobaccha apicalis (Loew, 1858) Genus Baccha Fabricius, 1805 Baccha maculata Walker, 1852 Tribe Chrysotoxini Genus ChrysotoxumMeigen, 1803 Chrysotoxum biguttatum Matsumura, 1911 Chrysotoxum coreanum Shiraki, 1930 Chrysotoxum festivum (Linnaeus, 1758) Chrysotoxum graciosum Violovitsh, 1975 Chrysotoxum grande Matsumura, 1911 Chrysotoxum ramphostomus Mutin, 1999 Chrysotoxum sapporense Matsumura, 1916 Chrysotoxum sibiricum Loew, 1856 Chrysotoxum tuberculatum Shannon, 1926 Tribe Melanostomatini Genus MelanostomaSchiner, 1860 Melanostoma incisum Matsumura, 1916 Melanostoma mellinum (Linnaeus, 1758) Melanostoma scalare (Fabricius, 1794) Genus Platycheirus Lepeletier and Serville, 1828 Platycheirus ambiguus (Fallén) Platycheirus clypeatus (Meigen) Platycheirus immaculatus Ôhara Platycheirus pennipes Ôhara Platycheirus scutatus (Meigen)

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Platycheirus urakawensis (Matsumura) Genus Xanthandrus Verrall, 1901 Xanthandrus comtus (Harris, 1780) Tribe Paragini Genus Paragus Latreille, 1804 Paragus fasciatus Coquillett, 1898 Paragus haemorrhous Meigen, 1822 Paragus jozanus Matsumura, 1916 Paragus politus Wiedemann, 1830 Paragus quadrifasciatus Meigen, 1822 Paragus tibialis (Fallén, 1817) Tribe Syrphini Genus Allograpta Osten Sacken, 1875 Allograpta javana (Wiedemann, 1824) Genus Asarkina Macquart, 1842 Asarkina ericetorum (Fabricius, 1781) Asarkina porcina (Coquillett, 1898) Genus Betasyrphus Matsumura, 1917 Betasyrphus serarius (Wiedemann, 1830) Genus Dasysyrphus Enderlein, 1938 Dasysyrphus albostriatus (Fallén, 1817) Dasysyrphus bilineatus (Matsumura, 1917) Dasysyrphus tricinctus (Fallén, 1817) Genus Didea Macquart, 1834 Didea alneti (Fallén, 1817) Didea fasciata Macquart, 1834 Genus Dideoides Brunetti, 1908 Dideoides coquilletti (van der Goot, 1964) Dideoides latus (Coquillett, 1898) Genus Doros Meigen, 1803 Doros conopseus (Fabricius, 1775) Genus Epistrophe Walker, 1852 Epistrophe grossulariae (Meigen, 1822) Epistrophe nigroepistomata Shiraki and Edashige, 1953 Epistrophe nitidicollis (Meigen, 1822) Epistrophe omogensis Shiraki and Edashige, 1953

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Genus Episyrphus Matsumura and Adachi, 1917 Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer, 1776) Episyrphus nectarinus (Wiedemann, 1830) Genus Eriozona Schiner, 1860 Eriozona syrphoides (Fallén, 1817) Genus Ischyrosyrphus Bigot, 1882 Ischyrosyrphus glaucius (Linnaeus, 1758) Ischyrosyrphus laternarius (Müller, 1776) Genus Leucozona Schiner, 1860 Leucozona lucorum (Linnaeus, 1758) Genus Melangyna Verrall, 1901 Melangyna compositarum (Verrall, 1873) Melangyna lasiophthalma (Zetterstedt, 1843) Genus Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 Meliscaeva cinctella (Zetterstedt, 1843) Genus Metasyrphus Matsumura, 1917 Metasyrphus confrater (Wiedemann, 1830) Metasyrphus corollae (Fabricius, 1794) Metasyrphus luniger (Meigen, 1822) Metasyrphus nitens (Zetterstedt, 1843) Genus Parasyrphus Matsumura, 1917 Parasyrphus annulatus (Zetterstedt, 1838) Genus Scaeva Fabricius, 1805 Scaeva komabensis (Matsumura, 1918) Scaeva pyrastri (Linnaeus, 1758) Genus Sphaerophoria Lepeletier and Serville, 1828 Sphaerophoria bengalensis Macquart, 1842 Sphaerophoria chongjini Bańkowska, 1964 Sphaerophoria indiana Bigot, 1884 Sphaerophoria macrogaster (Thomson, 1869) Sphaerophoria menthastri (Linnaeus, 1758) Sphaerophoria rueppellii (Wiedemann, 1830) Sphaerophoria taeniata (Meigen, 1822) Genus Syrphus Fabricius, 1775 Syrphus ribesii (Linnaeus, 1758) Syrphus torvus Osten Sacken, 1875

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Syrphus vitripennis Meigen, 1822 Genus Xanthogramma Schiner, 1860 Xanthogramma coreanum Shiraki, 1930 Xanthogramma sapporense Matsumura, 1916

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INTRODUCTION

Syrphidae (Diptera: Brachycera) commonly called ‘hoverflies’ or ‘flowerflies’, with almost 6,000 described species and is a speciose family of Diptera (Miranda et al., 2013; Pape and Thompson, 2013). Syrphid flies provide crucial ecosystem services as pollinations, biological control agents and in environmental assessment (Kevan, 2002; Ssymank et al, 2008; Mengual and Thompson, 2011). Almost all adult syrphids visit flowers for pollen and nectar. Larvae, on the other hand, are found in a very diverse array of habitatas, including fungal fruiting bodies (mycophagy), dung, nests of social Hymenoptera, decaying wood and water bodies of several types (saprophagy), mining in leafs and stems of numerous plant families (phytophagy), and as predators of arthropods (Thompson and Rotheray, 1998). The family Syrphidae is traditionally divided into three subfamilies, Microdontinae, Milesiinae (= Eristalinae) and Syrphinae, and 15 tribes are currently recognized in the family (Young et al., 2016). Immature stages of Microdontinae are inquilines in ant’s nests feeding on eggs, larvae and pupae, whereas larvae of Milesiinae include saprophages in a wide range of decaying media from dung to dead wood, while some species of the genus Volucella are wasp- and bee- brood predators (Rotheray, 2003; Mengual et al., 2008). Larvae of Syrphinae are mostly predaceous on soft-bodied Hemiptera such as aphids, coccids and psyllids, but some species feed on Thysanoptera, immature Coleoptera and / or Lepidoptera (Rotheray, 1993; Rojo et al., 2003; Mengual et al., 2008).

Historical review of the family Syrphidae in Korea

Eristalis cerealis Fabricius was the first Korean syphid species reported by Ichigawa (1906). Later, Shiraki (1930) for the first time provided a serious revisionary work based on a collection primarily from Taiwan, Korea, Japan, and Sakhalin. In this revision, he described 302 species, among which 27 were from Korea. More recently, Kim, CW (1971) revised Korean Syrphidae, providing Descriptions and illustrations of 82 nominal species. Kim, CW (1980) later provided detailed distribution maps of 34 Korean syrphid species. Kim, JI (1975, 1980) reviewed Korean syrphid references and provided a check list of 109 species with source references. ESK & KSAE (1994) included a total 127 syrphid species without providing source references. Han and Choi (2001) provided a check list of 150 species, including 12 newly recorded species in Korea. Han et al. (2014), in the most updated check list, included a total 175 species. Suk and Han (2014), Suk et al. (2015) and Jeong et al. (2017) added new records of 13 additional species in Korea. In total, three subfamilies, 70 genera and 188 species of the family Syrphidae are now officially recognized for the Korean fauna.

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MATERIAL AND METHODS

The morphological terminology and interpretations used in this study largely follow Thompson (1999) and McAlpine (1981). The Korean terms used here basically follows KSAE & ESK (1998) and Park et al. (2013). For synonymy, we followed peck (1988), Han and Choi (2001), Pape and Thompson (2013) and Han et al. (2014). All photographs were obtained using Olympus C-2500L, Panasonic DMC FZ50 digital camera and Leica DMS300 camera attached to a stereo microscope, processed using Leica Application Suite software (LAS EZ).

D E

Fig. 1. Mensuration system (A, D, E: Volucella. nigropicta, male, B, C: V. nigricans). A. Body in dorsal view (wings and right legs removed); B. Cells of wing; C. Veins and maculae of wing; D. Head in anterior view; E. Head in lateral view.

Abbreviations: BL-body length, BTL-basotarsomere length, HW-head width, LE-longest eye diameter, ML-mesonotum length, SE-shortest eye diameter, TL-tibia length, WL-wing length, m sctl s-marginal scutellar seta, npl s-notopleural seta, pal s-postalar seta, psct s-prescutellar seta, spal s-supra-alar seta.

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We examined more than 500 specimens of Syrphidae from Korea. Detailed collection data are provided for each species, the acronyms of collecting localities are as follows: Chungcheongbuk-do (CB), Chungcheongnam-do (CN), Gyeongsangbuk-do (GB), Gyeongsangnam-do (GN), Gyeonggi-do (GG), Gangwon-do (GW), Jeollabuk-do (JB), Jeollanam-do (JN), Jeju-do (JJ). The majority of the examined specimens are deposited in the YSUW (Division of Biological Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju-si) and APQA (Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon-si), Korea. The acronyms of the terms and zoogeographical regions mentioned in the text are as follows: Holotype (HT), Monotypy (MO), Original designation (OD), Type locality (TL), Type species (TS); Afrotropical (AF), Australasian (AU), Nearctic (NE), Neotropical (NT), Oriental (OR), Palaearctic (PA).

mesonotum scutum scutellum A

anepst s sct trn sut trn npl pal cal sctl

pprn wing base anatg halter 1 anepst 4 3 ktg 2 5 1st t anepm 2nd t kepm

cx1 mr kepst 1st s 2nd s

cx2 ms cx3

coxa B C scape femur pedicel trochanter

arista tibia antenna basoflagellomere

basotarsomere

tarsus

Fig. 2. A‒C (Volucella thompsoni). A. Thorax in lateral view (modified from Thompson, 1999); B. Antenna in lateral view; C. Leg in lateral view.

Abbreviations: 1-anterior anepisternum, 2-posterior anepisternum, 3-anterior anepimeron, 4-dorsomedial

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anepimeron, 5-posterior anepimeron, anatg-anatergite, anepim-anepimeron, anepst-anepisternum, anepst s-anepisternal seta, cx-coxa, kepm-katepimeron, kepst-katepisternum, ktg-katatergite, mr-meron, ms- metasternum, npl-notopleuron, pal cal-postalar callus, pprm-postpronotum, sct-scutum, sctl-scutellum, trn sut-transverse suture.

frontal lunule triangle A B frons eye contiguity Male Female

eye eye

vertical ocellar triangle triangle

cerc C D epand

aed apo

hypd b epand lb hypoproct sur C-1 cerc

aed

Fig. 3. A‒D (A and B: Volucella nigropicta, C and D: V. elegans). A. Male head in dorsal view; B. Female head; C. Male genitalia in lateral view; C-1. Sutylus, innerview; D. ditto, posterodorsal view.

Abbreviations: aed-aedeagus, aed apo-aedeagal apodeme, b epand lb-basal epandirial lobe, cerc-cercus, epand-epandrium, hypd-hypandrium, sp lb-superior lobe, sur-surstylus.

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TAXONOMIC NOTES

Phylum Arthropoda von Siebold, 1848

Class Insecta Linnaeus, 1758

Order Diptera Linnaeus, 1758

Suborder Brachycera Macquart, 1834

Family Syrphidae Latreille, 1802

Type: Syrphus Fabricius.

Species: ca. 6,000 (188 in Korea).

Distribution: Worldwide.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

Key to subfamilies of Korean Syrphidae (after Vockeroth and Thompson, 1987)

1. Postpronotum bare. Head posteriorly strongly convex and closely appressed to thorax; postpronotum partly or entirely hidden. Male abdomen with tergite 5 visible in dorsal view ······················· Syrphinae − Postpronotum pilose. Head posteriorly less strongly convex; postpronotum clearly exposed. Male abdomen with tergite 5 not visible in dorsal view ································ Milesiinae and Microdontinae

Subfamily Syrphinae Latreille, 1802

Key to genera of Syrphinae from South Korea

1. Frons and face entirely black ··························································································· 2 − Frons and face entirely yellow or partly yellow ····································································· 6 2. Abdomen concave medially in dorsal view ·········································································· 3 − Abdomen paralleled or convex medially in dorsal view ··························································· 4 3. Postpronotum and anterior anepisternum pilose, laterotergite dorsally with a patch of long pile ··············

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·················································································································· Allobaccha − Postpronotum, anterior anepisternum, and laterotergite all bare ·········································· Baccha 4. Abdomen about or less than twice as long as wide; abdominal tergite 3‒4 each with pair of spots connected anterilory; metepisternum with several fine subappressed hairs······················· Xanthandrus − Abdomen at least three times as long as wide; abdominal spots on tergite 3‒4 not as above; metepisternum bare ························································································································· 5 5. Metasternum reduced to narrow median plate; Fore tibia and tarsi cylindrical in male; fore femur without ornamental hairs in male ················································································· Melanostoma − Metasternum fully developed; Fore tibia and tarsi swollen and flattened in male; fore femur with ornamental hairs in male ·················································································· Platycheirus 6. Antenna with basoflagellomere elongated· ··········································································· 7 − Antenna with basoflagellomere rounded· ············································································ 8 7. Thoracic dorsum entirely black ··············································································· Paragus − Thoracic dorsum black with yellow marginally ······················································ Chrysotoxum 8. Thoracic dorsum black with yellow marginally ····································································· 9 − Thoracic dorsum entirely black ······················································································ 14 9. Abdomen slightly concave medially in dorsal view ·························································· Doros − Abdomen paralleled or convex medially in dorsal view ························································· 10 10. Abdomen paralleled or slightly convex medially in dorsal view ················································ 11 − Abdomen oval ·········································································································· 12 11. Abdomen slightly convex medially in dorsal view ····················································· Allograpta − Abdomen paralleled in dorsal view ··································································· Spharophoria 12. Abdominal tergite 3 with black band in anterior margin ················································ Dideoides − Abdominal tergite 3 without black band in anterior margin ····················································· 13 13. Lunule shiny black ···························································································· Asarkina − Lunule shiny yellow brown or dark brown ························································· Xanthogramma 14. Squama with long hairs on dorsal surface ··································································· Syrphus − Squama without long hairs on dorsal surface ······································································ 15

15. Wing vein R4+5 strongly dipped ················································································ Didea

− Wing vein R4+5 more gently curved ················································································ 16 16. Eye hairly ··············································································································· 17 − Eye bare ················································································································· 24 17. Wing with black tinge medially ······················································································ 18 − Wing without black tinge medially ·················································································· 19 18. Abdominal tergite 2 black ground color ···································································· Eriozona − Abdominal tergite 2 wihte ground color ·································································· Leucozona

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19. Abdominal tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown spots and bands ············································· 20 − Abdominal tergite 2 not as above ···················································································· 23 20. Wing with cell SC black apically ······································································· Dasysyrphus − Wing with cell SC hyaline ···························································································· 21 21. Abdominal tergite 3 with a yellow brown band ························································· Epistrophe − Abdominal tergite 3 with a pair of yellow brown band ··························································· 22 22. Frons black with black pilose ············································································· Melangyna − Frons brown with black pilose ·················································································· Scaeva 23. Abdominal tergite 2 with a pair of silver gray band ··················································· Betasyrphus − Abdominal tergite 2 not as above ····································································· Ischyrosyrphus 24. Abdominal tergite 3-4 with mustache shaped band ···················································· Episyrphus − Abdominal tergite 3-4 with a pair of bands ········································································ 25 25. Abdominal bands on tergites 3-4 slightly attached lateral margin ··································· Meliscaeva − Abdominal bands on tergites 3-4 expanded attached lateral margin ············································ 26 26. Gena black ·································································································· Parasyrphus − Gena yellow································································································ Metasyrphus

Tribe Bacchini

Genus Allobaccha Curran, 1928

Allobaccha Curran, 1928: J. fed. Malay St. Mus., 14 (2): 245 and 251 (as subgenus of Baccha Fabricius). TS: Baccha rubella van der Wulp (OD). Asiobaccha Violovitsh, 1976: Novosti fauny Sibiri (Novye i maloizvestnye vidy fauny Sibiri, 10): 132 (as subgenus of Baccha Fabricius). TS: Baccha nubilipennis Austen (OD).

1. Allobaccha apicalis (Loew, 1858) (Pls. 1A, B)

Baccha apicalis Loew, 1858: 106. Baccha apicenotata Brunetti, 1915: 221. Baccha nigricosta Brunetti, 1907: 379.

Korean record: Allobaccha apicalis: ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 115 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 143 (Baegunsan &

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Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 77 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 30 (Korean check.). Baccha apicalis: Kim, CW 1971: 838 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 382 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 11.5‒13 mm. Male. Head black ground color; vertical triangle black with pilose; lunule shiny black; face shiny black except yellow brown laterally; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity longer than vertical triangle; antenna entirely brown ground color; scape and pedicel with black setulae; basoflagellomere brown, rounded; arista dark brown. Thorax almost entirely shiny black; scutum and scutellum with dense yellow brown pilose. Wing hyaline with entirely brown tinge; halter pale yellow. Legs; fore and midleg almost entirely brown ground color; hind femur and tibia brown basally and black apically. Abdomen shiny black ground color, longer than head and thorax together; tergite 2 shiny black, slender; tergite 3 and 4 each shiny black with pair of brown spots, widened posteriorly. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; wing with dark maculae anterior margin and apically.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Cheongwon-gun, Namseong-myeon, Mt. Ingyeongsan, 15. viii. 1997, HY Han et al., 2♂; Jincheon-gun, Iwol-myeon, Naechon-ri, 21. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂1♀. CN: Boryeong- si, Cheongna-myeon, Mt. Oseosan, 20. vii. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♂1♀; Dangjin-gun, Sinpyeong-myeon, Geumcheon-ri, 10. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂. GB: Gyeongju-si, Amgok-dong, Mujangsaji, 22. vii. 2011, DS Choi, 1♂2♀; Uljin-gun, Onjeong-ri, Mt. Baegamsan, 16. viii. 1999, HY Han et al., 2♂. GN: Geochang- gun, Buksang-myeon, Mt. Deokyusan, Wolseong Park, 8. vii. 2012, DS Choi, 1♂2♀. GG: Paju-si, Paju-eup, Bongam-ri, 25. vii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 3♂; Yangju-si, Goam-dong, 2. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂1♀. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 1. viii. 2006, HW Byun et al., 1♂; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 12. vi. 1998, HW Byun, 1♂; ditto, 28. vi. 2003, HW Byun, 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 26. vi. 1999, DS Choi et al., 1♂; ditto, 13. viii. 2004, OY Lim & HS Lee, 2♂. JB: Imsil-gun, Imsil- eup, Jeongwol-ri, Jeongwol reservoir, 6. vii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♂; Namwon-si, Jucheon-myeon, Yonggung-ri, Jangan reservoir, 29. vii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♂. JN: Gwangju, Buk-gu, Mt. Mudeungsan, Neutjaesamgeori, 4. viii. 2013, DS Choi, 4♀.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye Territory), Korea, Japan, Oriental Regioin [PA, OR].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

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Genus Baccha Fabricius, 1805

Baccha Fabricius, 1805: Syst. antl.: 199. TS: Syrphus elongatus Fabricius (des. Curtis, 1839: Brit. Ent., 16: 737). Bacchina Williston, 1896: Manual N. Amer. Dipt., Ed. 2: 86. TS: Syrphus elongatus Fabricius (des. Wirth, Sedman and Weems, 1965: Cat. Dipt. North America: 572).

2. Baccha maculata Walker, 1852 (Pl. 1C)

Baccha maculata Walker, 1852: 223. Baccha austeni Meijere, 1908: 325. Baccha eoa Violovitsh, 1976: 141. Baccha eronis Curran, 1928: 248. Baccha pulla Violovitsh, 1976: 146. Baccha tenera Meijere, 1910: 103. Baccha tinctipennis Brunetti, 1907: 379.

Korean record: Baccha maculata: Shiraki 1930: 417 (redescrip.); Okuno 1967: 126 (aphidophagous syrphid list); ZSK 1968: 178 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 838 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Knutson et al. 1975: 323 (Orient. Cat.); Kim, CW 1980: 263 (distr. Map); Kim, JI 1980: 382 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 55 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 115 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 143 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 79 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 31 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 9.5‒11.5 mm. Male. Head black ground color; vertical triangle black with pilose; lunule shiny black; face shiny black except yellow brown ventrally; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna entirely yellow brown ground color; scape and pedicel with black setulae; basoflagellomere yellow brown, rounded; arista dark brown. Thorax almost entirely shiny black; scutum and scutellum with dense yellow brown pilose. Wing hyaline with dark brown maculae near vein r-m, vein bm-cu and cell SC medially; halter pale yellow. Legs entirely yellow brown ground color; hind femur and tibia dark brown apically and brown basally. Abdomen shiny black ground color, longer than head and thorax together; tergite 2‒4 each shiny black, slender. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; abdominal tergite

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2‒4 each shiny black with yellow brown anterior margin; tergite 3 widened posteriorly; tergite 4 oval.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Jincheon-gun, Iwol-myeon, Naechon-ri, 21. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 2♂1♀. CN: Boryeong-si, Cheongna-myeon, Mt. Oseosan, 20. vii. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♂. GB: Gyeongju- si, Amgok-dong, Mujangsaji, 22. vii. 2011, DS Choi, 3♂1♀; Uljin-gun, Onjeong-ri, Mt. Baegamsan, 16. viii. 1999, HY Han et al., 2♂. GN: Geochang-gun, Buksang-myeon, Mt. Deokyusan, Wolseong Park, 8. vii. 2012, DS Choi, 2♂1♀. GG: Paju-si, Paju-eup, Bongam-ri, 25. vii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 3♂; Yangju-si, Goam-dong, 2. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂1♀. GW: Donghae-si, Samhwa-dong, Mureung valley, 20. vii. 2010, SW Suk et al., 1♂; Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 1. viii. 2006, HW Byun et al., 3♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, N. Valley, 27. vii. 2009, HS Lee et al., 1♀; Pyeongchang-gun, Bangrim-myeon, Ungyo-ri, 24. ix. 2010, SW Suk et al., 1♀; Wonju- si, Gwirae-myeon, from Cheoneunsa to Mt. Sipjabong peak, 27. vi. 2008, SW Suk & YB Lee, 1♂; Wonju- si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 12. vi. 1998, HW Byun, 3♂; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 13. viii. 2004, OY Lim & HS Lee, 2♂1♀. JB: Imsil- gun, Imsil-eup, Jeongwol-ri, Jeongwol reservoir, 6. vii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♂1♀. JN: Gwangju, Buk-gu, Mt. Mudeungsan, Neutjaesamgeori, 4. viii. 2013, DS Choi, 2♀.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Sakhalin, Primorye Territory), Korea, Japan, Oriental Region [PA, OR].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of aphids on Blechnum niponicum.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

Tribe Chrysotoxini

Genus Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803

Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803: Mag. Insektenk., 2: 275. TS: Musca bicincta Linnaeus (des. Latreille, 1810: Consid. générales nat. animaux, Paris: 443). Antiopa Meigen, 1800: Nouve. class.: 32. TS: Musca bicincta Linnaeus (des. Coquillett, 1910: Proc. U.S. natn. Mus., 37: 508). Suppressed by I.C.Z.N., 1963: Opinion 678: 339.

Key to species of Chrysotoxum from South Korea

1. Hind tarsus black pruinosity, with short black hairs ································································ 2 − Hind tarsus yellow, with yellow to short brown hairs ······························································ 4 2. Hind trochanter black protuberance ································································· C. tuberculatum − Hind trochanter moderately round ····················································································· 3

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3. Tergite 3 black, with 2 thin yellow spots or indistinct yellow spots ······························ C. biguttatum − Tergite 3 black, with yellow divided bands ······················································ C. ramphostomus 4. Scutellum black ···························································································· C. coreanum − Scutellum yellow to brown ····························································································· 5 5. Hind femur concolor, with brown hairs and short brown hairs ········································· C. grande − Hind femur partly black on either basally or apically ······························································· 6 6. Hind femur basally black and apically brown ·························································· C. festivum − Hind femur basally yellow and apically brown ······································································ 7 7. Sternite 2 only with tiny yellow spot ·································································· C. sapporense − Sternite 2 with pair of large anterior yellow spots ···················································· C. graciosum

3. Chrysotoxum biguttatum Matsumura, 1911 (Pl. 1D)

Chrysotoxum biguttatum Matsumura, 1911: 73. Chrysotoxum biguttatum Matsumura, 1916: 6. Chrysotoxum subbicinctum Violovitsh, 1956: 471.

Korean record: Chrysotoxum biguttatum: Han & Choi 2001: 81 (Korean check., first Korean record); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 31 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 8.5‒13.9 mm. Male. Head with vertex brownish black in ground color with grayish pruinosity posteriorly, with brownish black hairs; occiput with dense grayish pruinosity, dorsally with yellow brown and brownish black hairs mixed, laterally with only yellow brown hairs; frons brownish black in ground color with posterior 1/5 grayish pruinosity, with brownish black hairs; face with vertically elloptic shiny and bare brownish black facial mid-stripe 1/3 as wide as face in middle; eyes holoptic, bare except for dorsal thin hairs; antennal scape and pedicel brownish black with short brownish black hairs; basoflagellomere brownish black, bare. Thorax: scutum shiny black with brownish black hairs; scutellum brownish black in ground color with yellow posterior margin, with only brownish black hairs. Wing hyaline except for anterior 1/3 area. Legs predominantly brownish yellow with some darker areas, with yellow brown hairs; fore coxa and trochanter dark brown to brownish black; fore femur brownish black with yellow brown hairs except for posteroventral brownish black hairs; fore tarsus dark brown except for tarsomere 5 yellow brown; midcoxa and trochanter dark brown to brownish black; midfemur mostly brownish black except for apical area; midtarsus dark brown except for tarsomere 5 yellow brown; hind coxa and trochanter brownish black; hind femur mostly brownish black with yellow brown hairs except for anteroventral brownish black hairs; hind tarsus dark brown except

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for tarsomere 5 yellow brown. Abdominal tergite 2 with yellow transverse band interrupted in the middle; yellow band of tergite 3 reduced; tergite 4‒5 each with very narrow posteromarginal yellow area, with yellow crescent-shaped transverse discal band narrowly interrupted in middle and slightly apart from lateral margins. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: GW: Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 23. vi. 2005, DS Choi et al., 8♂; ditto, 31. v. 2004, HW Byun et al., 23♂; ditto, 6. vi. 2000, DS Choi & SK Kim, 10♂; ditto, 20. vi. 1999, DS Choi & SK Kim, 5♂1♀; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 16. vi. 2004, HW Byun et al., 2♂; Pyeongchang-gun, Jinbu-myeon, Mt. Odaesan, from Bukdaesa to Sangwangbong (1,491 m) peak, 17. vi. 2006, DS Choi & HW Byun, 10♂; ditto, 31. v. 2005, DS Choi et al., 15♂; Yangyang-gun, Seo-myeon, Mt. Seoraksan, Hangyeryeong to 1,708 m peak, 25. v. 2002, HW Byun & OY Lim, 1♂.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Sakhalin), Korea, Japan (Hokkaido) [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: GW.

4. Chrysotoxum coreanum Shiraki, 1930 (Pl. 1E)

Chrysotoxum coreanum Shiraki, 1930: 32. Chrysotoxum nigroscutellum Shiraki and Edashige, 1953: 110.

Korean record: Chrysotoxum coreanum: Shiraki 1930: 32 (orig. desc., first Korean record); Doi 1938a: 8 (Korean check.); ZSK 1968: 179 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 854 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 382 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 58 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 116 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 82 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 31 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 14.8‒18 mm. Male. Head with vertex brownish black in ground color with ivory white pruinosity posterolaterally, with brownish black hairs; occiput with dense ivory white pruinosity, dorsally with only brownish black hairs, laterally with pale yellow hairs; frons brownish black in ground color with posterior 1/4 yellow pruinosity, with brownish black and sparse yellow brown hairs; face with vertically elliptic shiny and bare brownish black facial mid-stripe 1/3 as wide as face in middle; eyes holoptic, short dense hairs; antennal scape and pedicel brownish black with short brownish black hairs; basoflagellomere black, bare. Thorax: scutum shiny black with brownish black and sparse yellow brown hairs; scutellum dark brown with brownish black hairs

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except for anterior 1/3 yellow brown. Wing mostly hyaline except for cells bc, c, sc and R1 brownish yellow, with yellow brown spot in vein R2+3 apex. Legs predominantly brownish yellow with some darker areas, with yellow brown hairs; fore coxa and trochanter dark brown to brownish black; basal 1/2 of fore femur dark brown to brownish black with yellow brown hairs except for posteroventral brownish black hairs; fore tarsus yellow brown; midcoxa and trochanter dark brown to brownish black; basal 1/2 of midfemur dark brown to brownish balck; midtarus yellow brown; hind coxa and trochanter dark brown to brownish black; basal 1/3 to 2/3 of hind femur dark brown; hind tarsus yellow brown. Abdominal tergite 2 with line-shaped transverse yellow band narrowly interrupted in middle; tergite 3‒4 each with very narrow posteromarginal yellow area, and yellow crescent-shaped transverse discal band narrowly interrupted in middle; tergite 5 anteriorly 1/2 brownish balck, posteror 1/2 brownish yellow. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: frons brownish black in ground color with pair of triangular spots in pale yellow pruinosity; eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: GG: Yangpyeong-gun, Yongmun-myeon, Mt. Yongmunsan, 31. vii. 1976, HK Choi, 1♀. GW: Hwacheon-gun, Sanae-myeon, Mt. Gwangdeoksan, 20. vii. 1997, HY Han et al., 5♂; Samcheok-si, Hajang-myeon, Mt. Jungbongsan, Jungbong-ri, 1. vi. 1997, H Y Han et al., 1♂; Wonju- si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 5. vii. 2004, DS Choi et al., 1♀. JB: Muju-gun, Seolcheon-myeon, Daebul-ri, 26.v.1993, YE Lee, 1♂; ditto, Mt. Deogyusan, 20. vi. 1983, JY Park, 1♀.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye Territory) to Korea [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: GG, GW, JB.

5. Chrysotoxum festivum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pl. 1F)

Musca festivum Linnaeus, 1758: 593. Chrysotoxum bipunctatum (Müller, 1776): 174. Chrysotoxum imbelle (Harris, [1776]): 60. Chrysotoxum geographicum (Geoffroy in Fourcroy, 1785): 478. Chrysotoxum annulatum Loew, 1840: 26. Chrysotoxum infuscatum Loew, 1840: 26. Chrysotoxum scutellare Loew, 1840: 26. Chrysotoxum tomentosum Giglio-Tos, 1890: 159. Chrysotoxum japonicum Matsumura, 1916: 253.

Korean record: Chrysotoxum festivum: Shiraki 1930: 31 (redescrip., first Korean record); ZSK 1968: 179

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(Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 855 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 382 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 116 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 143 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 82 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 31 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 13.5‒17.4 mm. Male. No specimens available. Female. Head with vertex brownish black in ground color with ivory white pruinosity posterolaterally, with yellow brown and rarely brownish black hairs; occiput with dense ivory white pruinosity, dorsally with yellow brown and sparsely brownish black hairs, laterally with pale yellow hairs; frons brownish black in ground color with pair of triangular spots in pale yellow pruinosity, with yellow brown hairs; face with vertically elliptic shiny and bare brownish black facial mid-stripe 1/5 to 1/4 as wide as face in middle; eyes dichoptic, bare; antennal scape and pedicel brownish black with short brownish black hairs; basoflagellomere brownish black, bare. Thorax: scutum shiny black with brownish black and yellow brown hairs mixed; scutellum predominantly yellow with dark median spot, with brownish black hairs except for anteromarginal yellow brown hairs. Wing hyaline except for anterior 1/2 area brownish yellow, with dark brown spot in middle of vein R2+3. Legs predominantly brownish yellow with some darker areas, with yellow brown hairs; fore coxa and trochanter brownish black; basal 1/5 to 1/3 of fore femur dark brown; fore tarsus yellow brown; midcoxa and trochanter brownish black; basal 1/5 to 1/3 of midfemur dark brown; midtarus yellow brown; hind coxa and trochanter yellow brownish black; basal 1/5 to 1/2 of hind femur dark brown; hind tarsus yellow brown. Abdominal tergite 2‒5 each with very narrow posteromarginal pale yellow area, and pale yellow crescent-shaped transverse discal band interrupted in middle and slightly apart from lateral margins.

Specimen examined: Korea: GB: Yeongju-si, Sunheung-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, Choamsa to Gukmangbong 1,421 m peak, 27. viii. 2001, DS Choi et al., 2♀. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, 19. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♀. GW: Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 30. viii. 2000, HY Han et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 29. vii. 1998, DS Choi & SK Kim, 1♀; ditto, 5. vii. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♀.

Distribution: Palaearctic, Oriental Region [PA, OR].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: GB, GG, GW.

6. Chrysotoxum graciosum Violovitsh, 1975 (Pls. 1G, H)

Chrysotoxum graciosum Violovitsh, 1975: 80.

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Korean record: Chrysotoxum graciosum: Suk & Han 2013: 285 (redescrip., first Korean record); Han et al. 2014: 32 (Korean check.); Suk & Han 2014: 180 (Korean indigenous sp.). Chrysotoxum sapporense [misidentification, in part]: same references listed in the synonymy of C. sapporense.

Description (modified from Suk and Han, 2013): Body length 14.2‒16.6 mm. Male. Head with vertex brownish black in ground color with ivory white pruinosity posterolaterally, with yellow brown hairs; ocellar triangle brownish black with yellow brown hairs; occiput with dense ivory white pruinosity, dorsally with yellow brown hairs, laterally with pale yellow hairs; frons brownish black in ground color with posterior 1/4 to 1/3 yellow pruinosity, with yellow brown hairs; face yellow in ground color with yellow brown hairs; eyes holoptic, bare except for dorsal thin hairs; antennal scape and pedicel brownish black with short brownish black hairs; basoflagellomere brownish black, bare; arista yellow brown, bare. Thorax: scutum with yellow brown hairs, shiny black with golden tinge; anterior half of scutum with pair of grayish submesal longitudinal stripes; scutellum with yellow pruinosity except on medial brownish black spot, with yellow brown hairs. Wing entirely microtrichose, translucent with light brown to brown anterior markings; halter yellow. Legs predominantly brownish yellow with some darker areas, with yellow brown hairs; fore coxa and trochanter brownish black; fore tarsus yellow brown; midcoxa and trochanter brownish black; midtarsus yellow brown; hind coxa and trochanter brownish black; apical 1/3‒1/2 of hind femur yellow brown, contrasting well with more yellowish basal area; hind tarsus brown. Abdominal tergite 2‒4 each with yellow crescent-shaped transverse discal band interrupted in middle and brownish yellow posterior marginal band usually with two anterior peak; tergite 5 with a pair of yellow anterior spot and varying size of brownish yellow posterior spots. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: frons brownish black in ground color with pair of triangular spots in pale yellow pruinosity; eyes dichoptic, bare; scutellum with brownish black hairs except for marginally yellow brown hairs; midtrochanter brownish black.

Specimen examined: Korea: GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 12. vi. 1999, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 18. vi. 2005, HY Han et al., 1♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 15. vii. 2010, SW Suk et al., 1♀; Pyeongchang-gun, Bangrim-myeon, Ungyo-ri, 2. vi. 2001, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 12. vi. 2008, DS Choi & MK Choi, 1♂; ditto, 4. ix. 1999, DS Choi & CH Park, 1♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 14. ix. 1999, CH Park, 1♀. Distribution: Russian Far East, Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: CB, GB, GN, GG, GW.

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7. Chrysotoxum grande Matsumura, 1911 (Pl. 1I)

Chrysotoxum grande Matsumura, 1911: 72.

Korean record: Chrysotoxum grande: Shiraki 1930: 31 (redescrip., presumably first Korean record); Doi 1938a: 9 (Korean check.); ZSK 1968: 179 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 855 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 382 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 59 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 290 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 117 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 84 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 32 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 16.7‒20.7 mm. Male. Head with vertex brownish black in ground color with pale yellow pruinosity posterolaterally, with yellow brown and sparsely brownish black hairs; occiput with dense pale yellow pruinosity, dorsally with yellow brown and brownish black hairs mixed, laterally with only yellow brown hairs; frons yellow brown in ground color with posterior 1/3 pale yellow pruinosity, with yellow brown and brownish black hairs mixed; face with vertically elliptic shiny and bare yellow brown facial mid-stripe 1/3 as wide as face in middle; eyes holoptic, short dense hairs; antennal scape and pedicel dark brown with short brownish black hairs; basoflagellomere black, bare. Thorax: scutum with yellow brown hairs except for laterally brownish black hairs, shiny black with golden tinge; scutellum dark brown in ground color with posterior yellow brown pruinosity, with yellow brown hairs except for posteriorly 1/2 brownish black hairs; Wing hyaline except for anterior 1/2 area brownish yellow, with dark brown spot in vein R2+3 apex. Legs predominantly brownish yellow with some darker areas, with yellow brown hairs; fore coxa yellow brown to dark brown; fore trochanter dark brown; basal 1/5 to 1/4 of fore femur dark brown and apical half color gradation from brown to brownish yellow toward apex, with yellow brown hairs except for posteroventral brownish black hairs; midcoxa and trochanter dark brown to brownish black; basal 1/3 of midfemur dark brown to brownish balck and apical half color gradation from brown to brownish yellow toward apex, with yellow brown hairs except for ventral brownish black hairs; hind coxa and trochanter dark brown to brownish black; basal 1/2 to 4/5 of hind femur dark brown; hind tarsus yellow brown. Abdominal tergite 2 with narrow posteromarginal yellow brown area, and yellow brown crescent-shaped transverse discal band; tergite 3 with posteromarginal yellow brown area, and yellow brown crescent-shaped transverse discal band; posteromarginal yellow brown mesal peak of tergite 4 contact with band; tergite 5 almost yellow brown. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: frons brownish black in ground color with pair of triangular spots in pale yellow pruinosity; eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: GW: Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 1.viii.2006, HW Byun et al., 1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gachilbong, from Sambongyaksu

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to 1,240 m peak, 29. viii. 2002, DS Choi et al., 1♀; ditto, 25. viii. 2002, DS Choi & HS Lee, 2♀; Hongcheon- gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 6. viii. 1997, HY Han et al., 1♂4♀; Inje-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Seoraksan, Baekdamsa, 27. vi. 2002, HS Lee, 1♀; Wonju-si, Sillim-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Seongnam-ri to Namdaebong (1,181.5 m) peak, 31. vii. 2002, DS Choi et al., 1♂.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye Territory, Sakhalin, Kuril Is), Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: GW.

8. Chrysotoxum ramphostomus Mutin, 1999 (Pls. 1J, K)

Chrysotoxum ramphostomus Mutin, 1999: 379.

Korean record: Chrysotoxum ramphostomus: Suk et al. 2008: 300 (redescrip., first Korean record); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 32 (Korean check.).

Description (modified from Suk et al., 2008): Body length 10.4‒14 mm. Male. Head with vertex brownish black in ground color with ivory white pruinosity posterolaterally, with brownish black and yellow brown hairs mixed; ocellar triangle brownish black with brownish black hairs; occiput with dense ivory white pruinosity, dorsally with yellow brown and brownish black hairs mixed, laterally only with pale yellow hairs; frons brownish black in ground color with posterior 1/5 to 1/3 pale yellow pruinosity, with brownish black and yellow brown hairs mixed; face yellow in ground color with yellow brown hairs; eyes holoptic with short dense hairs; antennal scape and pedicel brownish black with short brownish black hairs; basoflagellomere brownish black, bare. Thorax: scutum with yellow brown hairs, shiny black with golden tinge; anterior half of scutum with pair of grayish submesal longitudinal stripes; scutellum translucent, yellow brown in ground color with yellow pruinosity marginally, with yellow brown hairs. Wing entirely microtrichose, mostly hyaline except for cells bc, c, and sc brownish yellow; halter yellow. Legs predominantly brownish yellow with some darker areas, with yellow brown hairs; fore coxa and trochanter dark brown; basal 1/5 to 1/4 of fore femur dark brown; fore tarsus yellow brown; mid coxa and trochanter dark brown; basal 1/5 to 1/4 of midfemur dark brown; midtarsus yellow brown; hind coxa and trochanter dark brown; basal 2/3 of hind femur dark brown; hind tarsus brown. Abdominal tergite 2‒5 each with very narrow posteromarginal yellow area, and yellow crescent-shaped transverse discal band narrowly interrupted in middle and slightly apart from larteral margins. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: ocelli arranged in equilateral triangle; frons brownish black in ground color with pair of triangular spots in pale yellow pruinosity; eyes dichoptic.

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Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Chungju-si, Jongmin-dong, Mt. Gyemyeongsan, 13. ix. 2007, SW Suk et al., 1♀. GB: Uljin-gun, Onjeong-ri, Mt. Baegamsan, 16. viii. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♂1♀; GN: Hapcheon- gun, Gaya-myeon, Mt. Gayasan, from Haeinsa Temple to 1,430 m peak, 23. viii. 2007, HS Lee et al, 1♂1♀. GG: Gwangju-si, Jungbu-myeon, Namhansanseong, 19. ix. 1994, JY Eom, 1♀. GW: Hongcheon-gun, Nae- myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 25. viii. 2002, HW Byun & OY Lim, 1♀; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 29. viii. 2000, HY Han & KE Ro, 3♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 24. viii. 2011, HS Lee et al., 1♂. JN: Gurye-gun, Mt. Jirisan from Seongsamjae to Nogodan peak, 24. viii. 2007, JS Lim et al., 14♂1♀.

Distribution: Russian Far East, Korea [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

9. Chrysotoxum sapporense Matsumura, 1916 (Pls. 2A, B)

Chrysotoxum sapporense Matsumura, 1916: 7. Chrysotoxum carinatum Matsumura, 1916: 8. Chrysotoxum japonicum Matsumura, 1916: 253. Chrysotoxum japonicum Shiraki, 1930: 35. Chrysotoxum shirakii Matsumura, 1931: 334.

Korean record: Chrysotoxum sapporense: Doi 1938a: 8 (Korean check.); Doi 1938b: 92 (Gaema-plateau); ZSK 1968: 179 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 853 (redescrip.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 290 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 117 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 84 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Suk & Han 2013: 281 (redescrip.); Han et al. 2014: 32 (Korean check.). Chrysotoxum shirakii: ZSK 1968: 179 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 290 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 117 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 143 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 85 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.). Chrysotoxum japonicum: Shiraki 1930: 35 (orig. desc.); Okuno 1967: 126 (aphidophagous syrphid list); Kim, CW 1971: 853 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 264 (distr. Map); Kim, JI 1980: 382 (Korean check.).

Description (modified from Suk and Han, 2013): Body length 11.1‒16.6 mm. Male. Head with vertex brownish black in ground color with ivory white pruinosity posterolaterally, with yellow brown hairs; ocellar triangle brownish black with brownish black hairs; occiput with dense ivory

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white pruinosity, dorsally with yellow brown hairs, laterally only with pale yellow hairs; frons brownish black in ground color with posterior 1/3 to 1/2 pale yellow pruinosity, anteriorly with brownish black hairs, posteriorly with yellow brown hairs; face yellow in ground color with yellow brown hairs; eyes holoptic, bare except for dorsal thin hairs; antennal scape and pedicel brownish black with short brownish black hairs; basoflagellomere brownish black, bare; arista yellow brown, bare. Thorax: scutum with yellow brown hairs, shiny black with golden tinge; anterior half of scutum with pair of grayish submesal longitudinal stripes; scutellum with yellow pruinosity excpt on medial brownish black spot, with yellow brown hairs but posteriorly with few dark brown hairs mixed. Wing entirely microtrichose, translucent with light brown to brown anterior markings; halter yellow. Legs predominantly brownish yellow with some darker areas, with yellow brown hairs; fore coxa and trochanter dark brown; basal 1/3 to 1/2 of fore femur yellow brown; fore tarsus yellow brown; midcoxa brownish black; midtrochanter dark brown; basal 1/3 to 1/2 of midfemur yellow brown; midtarsus yellow brown; hind coxa brownish black; hind trochanter dark brown; hind femur and tarsus yellow brown. Abdominal tergite 2‒4 each with yellow crescent-shaped transverse discal band interrupted in middle and brownish yellow posterior marginal band usually with one anterior peak; tergite 5 with a pair of yellow anterior spot and varying size of brownish yellow posterior spots. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: ocelli arranged in equilateral triangle; frons brownish black in ground color with pair of triangular spots in pale yellow pruinosity; eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: GB: Dalseong-gun, Mt. Biseulsan, Recreational Forest, 20. v. 2012, DS Choi, 1♂; Yeongju-si, Sunheung-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, 1. v. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♀. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 5. vi. 2005, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 14. viii. 1998, HW Byun et al., 1♀; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 6. vi. 2006, HY Han et al., 1♂; Jeongsoen-gun, from Mahangchi to Mt. Gariwangsan, 7. vi. 1997, 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 24. vi. 2006, HS Lee & SW Suk, 4♂.

Distribution: Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Cinara todocola.

Korea: GB, GW, JB.

10. Chrysotoxum sibiricum Loew, 1856

Chrysotoxum sibiricum Loew, 1856: 611.

Korean record: Chrysotoxum sibiricum: Peck 1988: 62 (Palaearctic cat., presumably first Korean record);

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Han et al. 1998b: 118 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 87 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 21 (Korean check.).

Distribution: Siberia, Russian Far East, Mongolia, North China, Korea [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Peck (1988).

11. Chrysotoxum tuberculatum Shannon, 1926 (Pls. 2C, D)

Chrysotoxum tuberculatum Shannon, 1926: 14.

Korean record: Chrysotoxum tuberculatum: Suk et al. 2008: 302 (redescrip., first Korean record); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 32 (Korean check.).

Description (modified from Suk et al., 2008): Body length 11.7‒14.8 mm. Male. Head with vertex brownish black in ground color with ivory white pruinosity posterolaterally, with brownish black and yellow brown hairs mixed; ocellar triangle brownish black with brownish black hairs; occiput with dense ivory white pruinosity, dorsally with yellow brown and brownish black hairs mixed, laterally only with pale yellow hairs; frons brownish black in ground color with posterior 1/2 pale yellow pruinosity, anterior 1/2 with brownish black hairs and posterior 1/2 with yellow brown hairs; face yellow in ground color with yellow brown hairs; eyes holoptic, bare; antennal scape and pedicel brownish black with short brownish black hairs; basoflagellomere brownish black, bare. Thorax: scutum with yellow brown hairs, shiny black with golden tinge; anterior half of scutum with pair of grayish submesal longitudinal stripes; scutellum translucent, yellow brown in ground color with yellow brown hairs. Wing entirely microtrichose, mostly hyaline except for cells bc, c, and sc brownish yellow; halter yellow. Legs predominantly brownish yellow with some darker areas, with yellow brown hairs; fore coxa and trochanter dark brown; fore tarsomere 2‒5 darker than brownish yellow tarsomere 1; mid coxa and trochanter dark brown; basal 1/5 midfemur dark brown; midtarsomere 2‒5 darker than brownish yellow tarsomere 1; hind coxa dark brown; hind trochanter dark brown with small tubercle; hind femur with darker area on about middle 1/5 to 4/5; hind tarsus brown. Abdominal tergite 2‒5 each with very narrow posteromarginal yellow area, and yellow crescent-shaped transverse discal band narrowly interrupted in middle and slightly apart from larteral margins. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: ocelli arranged in equilateral triangle; frons brownish black in ground color with pair of triangular spots in pale yellow pruinosity; eyes dichoptic.

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Specimen examined: Korea: GW: Jeongseon-gun, Gohan-eup, Mt. Hambaeksan, from Manhangjae to 1,573 m peak, 14. viii. 1999, HY Han et al., 10♂2♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 27. vii. 1998, HW Byun et al., 6♂; Wonju-si, Sillim-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Seongnam- ri to Namdaebong (1,181.5 m) peak, 8. vii. 2000, DS Choi et al., 1♂.

Distribution: Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Russian Far East, China, Korea [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: GW.

Tribe Melanostomatini

Genus Melanostoma Schiner, 1860

Melanostoma Schiner, 1860: Wien. ent. Mschr., 4: 213. TS: Musca mellina Linnaeus (OD). Psylogaster Lioy, 1864: Atti. Ist. veneto Sci., (3) 9: 753. TS: Musca Mellina Linnaeus (des. Goffe, 1946: J. Soc. Br. Ent., 3: 30; as "mellina Fallén"). Anocheila Hellén, 1949: Notul. ent., 29: 90 (as subgenus of Cheilosia Meigen). TS: Cheilosia freyi Hellén (MO) [= dubium (Zetterstedt)].

Key to species of Melanostoma from South Korea

1 Eyes meeting on frons (male) ·························································································· 2 − Eyes separated on frons (female) ······················································································ 3 2. Abdomen, at least twice as long as mesonotum; abdominal tergite 3 longer than wide ······ M. scalare (♂) − Abdomen, about 1.7‒1.9 times as long as mesonotum; abdominal tergite 3 shorter than wide················· ··········································································································· M. mellinum (♂) 3. Abdominal tergite 2‒4 each with spots shorter than half of each tergite ························ M. scalare (♀) − Abdominal tergite 2‒4 each with spots longer than half of each tergite······················· M. mellinum (♀)

12. Melanostoma incisum Matsumura, 1916

Melanostoma incisum Matsumura, 1916: 193.

Korean record: Melanostoma incisum: Doi 1938a: 9 (Korean check., presumably first Korean record); ZSK 1968: 180 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 839 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, JI

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1980: 379 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 290 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 118 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 87 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 33 (Korean check.).

Distribution: Korea?, Japan? [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Kim (1971). Peck (1988) listed this as a doubtful species of Melanostoma, and Jananese Checklist (Ôhara, 1989) also indicated “?” for this species. Since the identity of this species in its type locality has not been confirmed yet, the above Korean records are highly questionable (after Han et al., 1998b).

13. Melanostoma mellinum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pls. 2E, F)

Musca mellina Linnaeus, 1758: 594. Cheilosia parva Williston, 1882: 307. Melanostoma angustatoides Kanervo, 1934: 123. Melanostoma angustatum Williston, 1887: 50. Melanostoma bellum Giglio-Tos, 1892: 3. Melanostoma bicruciata Bigot, 1884: 79. Melanostoma cruciata Bigot, 1884: 81. Melanostoma deficiensSzilady, 1940: 59. Melanostoma dilatatum Szilady, 1940: 59. Melanostoma fallax Curran, 1923: 271. Melanostoma inornatum Matsumura, 1919: 132. Melanostoma interruptum Matsumura, 1919: 138. Melanostoma melanatus Kanervo, 1934: 124. Melanostoma melanderi Curran, 1930: 64. Melanostoma montivagum Johnson, 1916: 78. Melanostoma nigricornis Strobl, 1893: 172. Melanostoma obscuripes Kanervo, 1934: 123. Melanostoma ochiaianum Matsumura, 1919: 136. Melanostoma ochripes Bigot, 1884: 55. Melanostoma pachytarse Bigot, 1884: 80. Melanostoma pallitarse Curran, 1926: 83. Melanostoma pruinosa Bigot, 1884: 79.

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Musca facultas Harris, 1780: 109. Syrphus albimanus Fabricius, 1781: 434. Syrphus concolor Walker, 1851: 296. Syrphus lachrymosus Harris, 1835: 598. Syrphus laevigatus Meigen, 1838: 134. Syrphus mellarius Meigen, 1822: 328. Syrphus melliturgus Meigen, 1822: 329. Syrphus minutus Macquart, 1829: 234. Syrphus unicolor Macquart, 1829: 236.

Korean record: Melanostoma mellinum: Kim, CW & Nam 1982b: 129 (Gyebangsan, Sogyebangsan & Gachilbong, first Korean record); ESK & KSAE 1994: 290 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 118 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 143 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 88 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 33 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 6.2‒9.4 mm. Male. Body entirely black with large yellow to yellowish orange abdominal spots. Head entirely black; frons with grayish pruinosity; face with laterally whitish gray pruinosity; central knob shiny black, slightly produced; ocellar triangle with sparse brown hairs; occiput with dense dark gray pruinosity; eyes holoptic; antennal scape and pedicel with brownish tinge; basofalgellomere dorsally dark brown, ventrally yellow brown; arista dark brown with microscopic pubescence. Thorax entirely shiny black with short, yellowish brown hairs. Wing hyaline with brownish tinge, covered entirely with microtrichia; halter yellowish brown. Legs with fore coxa black; fore femur, tibia, tarsus entirely yellowish brown, not broadened; midcoxa black; midfemur brown; midtibia, tarsus yellow brown to brown, slender; hind coxa black; hind femur brown; hind tibia, tarsus yellow brown to brown, slender. Abdomen black in ground color with yellow abdominal spots; abdominal tergite 2‒4 each with a pair of yellow spots; tergite 3 short than wide; tergite 4 shorter than wide; spots on tergite 3 and 4 more or less quadrate in shape, connected to anterior margin of each tergite. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; fronse entirely black with a pair of triangular gray pruinose dust spot medially; spots on abdominal tergite 3 and 4 roughly trianglular in shape.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Chungju-si, Sotae-myeon, Deokeun-ri, Namhangang river side, 8. ix. 2002, DS Choi et al., 3♂6♀; Yeongdong-gun, Sangchon-myeon, Mulhan-ri, 9. vii. 2016, DS Choi, 2♀. CN: Boryeong-si, Cheongna-myeon, Mt. Oseosan, 20. vii. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♀; Taean-gun, Gonam- myeon, Janggok-ri, Haebyeonarae beach, 24. v. 2014, DS Choi, 1♀. GB: Yeongju-si, Sunheung-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, 8. vi. 2002, DS Choi et al., 1♂1♀. GN: Gimhae-si, Sangdong-myeon, Birosa temple, 12. iv. 2008,

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DS Choi, 1♀. GG: Paju-si, Tanhyeon-myeon, Daedong-ri, 25. vii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 2♂6♀; Yangpyeong- gun, Yongmun-myeon, Mt. Yongmunsan, Yeonsu-ri, 30. vii. 1998, HW Byun et al., 2♀. GW: Hoengseong- gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 13. vi. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 13. vi. 2003, DS Choi et al., 3♂1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 14. viii. 1998, HY Byun et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 26. v. 2004, HW Byun & OY Lim, 1♂1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 30. v. 1998, HY Han & DS Choi, 1♂. JB: Imsil-gun, Gwanchon-myeon, Hoebong-ri, Grassland, 1. x. 2016, DS Choi, 1♀; Namwon-si, Deokgwa-myeon, Mando-ri, Mt. Gyeryongsan, 3. vi. 2013, DS Choi, 1♀. JN: Gurye-gun, Gwangui-myeon, Mt. Jirisan, Nogodan, 11. ix. 1998, HY Han & KE Ro, 1♂1♀. JJ: Bukjeju- gun, Aewol-eup, 1,100 goji, 7. viii. 2003, HY Han et al., 35♂51♀.

Distribution: Holarctic Region [PA, NE].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

14. Melanostoma scalare (Fabricius, 1794) (Pls. 2G, H)

Syrphus scalaris Fabricius, 1794: 308. Melanostoma ceylonense Meijere, 1911: 348. Syrphus gracilis Meigen, 1822: 328. Syrphus maculosus Meigen, 1822: 330.

Korean record: Melanostoma scalare: Doi 1938a: 9 (Korean check., presumably first Korean record); ZSK 1968: 180 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 379 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 840 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 281 (distr. Map); ESK & KSAE 1994: 290 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 119 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 143 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 91 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 33 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 6.4‒10.4 mm. Male. Body entirely black with large yellow to yellowish orange abdominal spots. Head entirely black; frons with grayish pruinosity; face with laterally whitish gray pruinosity; central knob shiny black, slightly produced; ocellar triangle with sparse brown hairs; occiput with dense dark gray pruinosity; eyes holoptic; antennal scape and pedicel with brownish tinge; basofalgellomere dorsally dark brown, ventrally yellow brown; arista dark brown with microscopic pubescence. Thorax entirely shiny black with short, yellowish

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brown hairs. Wing hyaline with brownish tinge, covered entirely with microtrichia; halter brown. Legs with fore coxa black; fore femur, tibia, tarsus entirely yellowish brown, not broadened; midcoxa black; midfemur brown; midtibia, tarsus yellow brown to brown, slender; hind coxa black; hind femur brown; hind tibia mostly yellow brown with dark brown medially; hind tarsus yellow brown, slender. Abdomen black in ground color with yellow abdominal spots; abdominal tergite 2‒4 each with a pair of yellow spots; tergite 3 short than wide; tergite 4 shorter than wide; spots on tergite 3 and 4 more or less quadrate in shape, connected to anterior margin of each tergite. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; fronse entirely black with a pair of triangular gray pruinose dust spot medially; halter pale yellow; spots on abdominal tergite 3 and 4 triangular to more or less quadrate in shape; tergite 3 and 4 short than wide; spots on tergite 3 and 4 shorter than half of each tergite.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Jecheon-si, Songgye-ri, Jeolgol, 10. v. 1997, HY Han et al., 1♀. GB: Bonghwa-gun, Murya-myeon, Mt. Seondalsan, from Ojeon-ri to 1,236 m peak, 4. v. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♀; Uljin-gun, Onjeong-ri, Mt. Baegamsan, 16. viii. 1999, HY Han et al., 3♂1♀. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 5♂4♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 23. v. 1998, HY Han & KE Ro, 1♀; ditto, 14. viii. 1998, HW Byun et al., 46♂33♀; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 21. viii. 1998, HY Han et al., 10♂5♀. JB: Jeongeup-si, Ibam-myeon, Mt. Naejangsan, 29. viii. 2000, DS Choi et al., 1♂. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Aewol-eup, 1,100 goji, 7. viii. 2003, HY Han et al., 1♂8♀; Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eup, Goepyeongi oreum, 2. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 46♂21♀.

Distribution: Palaearctic, Afrotropical, Oriental Regions [PA, AF, OR].

Biology: Okuno (1967) and Ninomiya (1959a) recorded the species as a predator of Acyrthosiphon pisum and Aphis gossypii.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

Genus Platycheirus Lepeletier and Serville, 1828

Platycheirus Le Peletier and Serville in Latreille et al., 1828: Encycl. Méthod. Ins., 10 (2): 513 (as subgenus of Syrphus Fabricius). TS: Syrphus scutatus Meigen (des. Westwood 1840: Synopsis: 137). Platychirus Agassiz, 1846: Nomencl. Zool., Index Univ.: 295, unjustified emendation. Pachysphyria Enderlein, 1938: Sber. Ges. naturf. Freunde Berl., 1937(4‒7): 196. TS: Scaeva ambigua Fallén (OD).

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Key to species of Platycheirus from South Korea (after Choi and Han, 1999)

1. Eyes meeting on frons (Male) ·························································································· 2 − Eyes separated on frons (Female)······················································································ 5 2. Basoflagellomere completely dark brown to black; abdominal spots longer than half of each tergite······· 3 − Basoflagellomere yellow to yelowish orange ventrally; abdominal spots shorter than half of each tergite···· 4 3. Fore femur basally with clump of tangled silky white hairs, sub-basally with 2‒3 long black hairs; basoflagellomere slightly wider than pedicel······················································· P. clypeatus (♂) − Fore femur without such hairs; basoflagellomere about twice as wide as pedicel············· P. pennipes (♂) 4. Midcoxa with slender finger like process; fore tarsus with tarsomere about 6 times as long as tarsomere ····2 ············································································································· P. scutatus (♂) − Midcoxa without such finger like process; fore tarsus with tarsomere 1 about 2.5 times as long as tarsomere 2···························································································P. urakawensis (♂) 5. Abdomen entirely black··········································································· P. immaculatus (♀) − Abdomen with 3‒4 pairs of spots······················································································ 6 6. Abdominal spots yellow to yellowish orange; basoflagellomere entirely dark brown to black· ················ ············································································································ P. clypeatus (♀) − Abdominal spots bluish gray; basoflagellomere dorsally dark brown and ventrally yellow to yellowish orange································································································ P. urakawensis (♀)

15. Platycheirus ambiguus (Fallén, 1817)

Scaeva ambiguus Fallén, 1817: 47. Syrphus monochaetus Loew, 1871: 224.

Korean record: Platycheirus ambiguus: ESK & KSAE 1994: 290 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 120 (Korean cat.); Choi & Han 1999: 166 (redesc.); Han & Choi 2001: 95 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 34 (Korean check.). Platycheirus ambigumm: Kim, JI 1980: 379 (Korean check.). Melanostoma ambigumm: Kim, CW 1971: 839 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.).

Distribution: Holarctic, Oriental Regions [PA, NE, OR].

Biology: In Europe, Larva of this species attackings aphids on Prunus sp. and Dysaphis plantaginea on Malus sylvestris (Torp, 1994).

Remarks: This species is Platycheirus speices first reported from Korea. Even thought this species is known to occur widely in Holarctic and Oriental Regions, we could not find specimens but cited this species

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based on Kim (1971).

16. Platycheirus clypeatus (Meigen, 1822) (Pls. 2I, J)

Syrphus clypeatus Meigen, 1822: 335. Platycheirus alpinus Strobl, 1893: 174. Syrphus dilatatus Macquart, 1834: 547.

Korean record: Platycheirus clypeatus: Choi & Han 1999: 166 (redesc., first Korean record); Choi et al. 2000: 143 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 96 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 34 (Korean check.).

Description (modified from Choi and Han, 1999): Body length 9.0‒12.4 mm. Male. Body entirely black with large yellow to yellowish orange abdominal spots. Head entirely black; frons with dark gray pruinosity; face with whitish gray pruinosity; central knob shiny black, slightly produced; ocellar triangle with sparse brown hairs; face with black and white hairs; basofalgellomere entirely dark brown to black; arista dark brown with microscopic pubescence. Thorax entirely shiny black with short, yellowish brown hairs. Wing hyaline with brownish tinge, covered entirely with microtrichia; halter yellowish brown. Legs with fore coxa and trochanter black; fore femur black, basally with clump of tangled silky white hairs and with 2‒3 long black hairs; fore tibia gradually widened toward apex; midfemur dark brown with black hairs posterioly; midtibia and tarsus yellowish brown; hind femur with sparse short yellow hairs except dorsal and ventral areas; hind femur brown with median 1/3 black; hind tibia yellowish brown with middle 1/3 dark brown. Abdomen black in ground color with yellow abdominal spots; abdominal tergite 2‒4 each with a pair of yellow spots. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: frons entirely black with a pair of triangular whitish gray pruinose dust spots medially; frontal and facial hairs pale yellow; fore femur without ornamental hairs; fore tibia and tarsus not broadened; spots on tergite 3 and 4 shorter than half of each tergite.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Jecheon-si, Baegun-myeon, Odu-ri, 5. v. 1996, HY Han & HW Byun, 1♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 1♂1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 22. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 3♂11♀; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong- ri to 1,424 m peak, 10. viii. 2001, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Jeongseon-gun, Gohan-eup, Mt. Hambaeksan, from Manhangjae to 1,573 m peak, 14. viii. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♂1♀; Wonju-si, Sillim-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Seongnam-ri to Namdaebong (1,181.5 m) peak, 31. vii. 2002, DS Choi et al., 1♀.

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Distribution: Holarctic Region [PA, NE].

Biology: In Europe, this species often taking pollen from grasses, e.g. Molinia coerulea (Torp, 1994).

Korea: CB, GW.

17. Platycheirus immaculatus Ôhara, 1980 (Pl. 2K)

Platycheirus immaculatus Ôhara, 1980: 138.

Korean record: Platycheirus immaculatus: Choi & Han 1999: 169 (redesc., first Korean record); Choi et al. 2000: 143 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 97 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 35 (Korean check.).

Description (modified from Choi and Han, 1999): Body length about 12.3 mm. Male. No specimens available. Female. Body entirely black without any abdominal spot. Head entirely black; frons with a pair of triangular grayish pruinose dus spots medially; face with shiny black; central knob moderately produced, area underneath of central knob slightly produced, lateral area whitish gray pruinose; ocellar triangle with sparse black hairs; basoflagellomere ventrally brown; arista dark brown with microscopic pubescence. Thorax entirely shiny black with short, pale yellow hairs mixed with few black hairs. Wing hyaline with brownish tinge, covered entirely with microtrichia except for antero basal areas of cell bm and cup; halter pale yellow. Legs with fore coxa black with white hairs; fore trochanter dark brown with short hairs; fore femur brown, posteriorly with dense long pale yellow hairs; fore tibia slightly flattened, brown with apical 1/3 dark brown; fore tarsus slender, yellowish brown; midcoxa and trochanter brown; midfemur dark brown with short yellowish brown hairs mixed with black hairs posteriorly; midtibia yellowish brown with short hairs; hind coxa and trochanter dark brown; hind femur black with apical 1/5‒1/6 brown; hind tibia black with short hairs. Abdomen entirely black; tergite 2‒4 each square in shape.

Specimen examined: Korea: GW: Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 18. v. 1998, DS Choi & SK Kim, 1♀; Yangyang-gun, Seo-myeon, Mt. Seoraksan, Jujeongol to 12 fall, 25. v. 2002, DS Choi & HS Lee, 1♀.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk and Primorye Territories, Kuril Is), Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: GW.

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18. Platycheirus pennipes Ôhara, 1980 (Pls. 2L, 3A)

Platycheirus pennipes Ôhara, 1980: 130.

Korean record: Platycheirus pennipes: Choi & Han 1999: 169 (redesc., first Korean record); Han & Choi 2001: 97 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 35 (Korean check.).

Description (modified from Choi and Han, 1999): Body length 10.5‒11.5 mm. Male. Body entirely black with large yellowish brown abdominal spots. Head entirely black; frons with whitish gray pruinosity; face with light gray pruinosity; central knob shiny black, moderately produced; ocellar triangle with sparse yellow brown hairs; occiput with dense gray pruinosity; eyes holoptic; basofalgellomere about twice as wide as pedicel; arista dark brown with microscopic pubescence. Thorax entirely shiny black with short, yellowish brown hairs. Wing hyaline with brownish tinge, covered entirely with microtrichia; halter yellowish brown. Legs with fore coxa and trochanter black; fore femur yellow with dense feather-like brown hairs posteriorly; fore tibia greatly broadened, yellow with dark brown apical longitudinal band; fore tarsus broadened, yellow; midfemur yellowish orange with short black spine-like haris anteriorly and with short fine yellowish brown hairs posteriorly; midtibia yellowish orange dorsally and black ventrally, with long curled yellowish brown hairs; midtarsus yellowish brown, very slender; hind femur yellowish brown, moderately thickened medially; hind tibia yellowish brown with dark brown median band; hind tarsomere 1 greatly thickened, as long as tarsomere 2‒5 together. Abdomen black in ground color with yellow abdominal spots; abdominal tergite 2‒4 each with a pair of yellow spots. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; fore femur without ornamental hairs; fore tibia and tarsus not broadened.

Specimen examined: Korea: GG: Gimpo-si, Daegot-myeon, Daebyeok-ri, 1. vi. 2008, 5♂3♀; Incheon, Seo- gu, Baekseok-dong, Sudokwon Landfill Site, 25. v. 2006, YJ Kwon, 1♂. GW: Yeongwol-gun, Seo-myeon, Ssangyong-ri, 9. vi. 1998, HW Byun et al., 1♂.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye Territory), Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: Accoding to Ôhara (1980), this species is known from marshy places, such as high moor, river bank and coastal marsh in Japan.

Korea: GG, GW.

19. Platycheirus scutatus (Meigen, 1822) (Pl. 3B)

Syrphus scutatus Meigen, 1822: 333.

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Platychirus pygmaeus Frey, 1907: 69. Syrphus quadratus Macquart, 1829: 230. Syrphus sexnotatus Meigen, 1838: 134.

Korean record: Platycheirus scutatus: Choi & Han 1999: 171 (redesc., first Korean record); Han & Choi 2001: 97 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 35 (Korean check.).

Description (modified from Choi and Han, 1999): Body length 10‒11.1 mm. Male. Body entirely black with yellowish brown to brown abdominal spots. Head entirely black; frons with gray pruinosity; face with gray pruinosity; central knob shiny black, moderately produced; ocellar triangle with sparse black hairs; occiput with dense dark gray pruinosity; frontal hairs black; face with black and white hairs; eyes holoptic; basofalgellomere and pedicel dorsally dark brown, ventrally yellowish brown; arista dark brown with microscopic pubescence. Thorax entirely shiny black with short, yellowish brown hairs. Wing hyaline with brownish tinge, entirely covered with microtrichia; halter pale yellow with dark brown apex. Legs with fore coxa and trochanter black; fore femur black with 3‒4 small black patches and with white tuft of about five hairs and with two succeeding black tufts more compact, of a least eight hairs each basally; fore tibia yellowish brown, gradually widened toward apex and with dense soft black hairs medially; fore tarsus whitish yellow with tarsomere 1 about six times as long as tarsomere 2; midcoxa and trochanter black; midcoxa with characteristic finger-like process anteroventrally; midfemur mostly brown with black posteriorly; midtibia black with basal 2/5 yellowish brown, slightly arcuate, slightly broadened medially; hind femur black; hind tibia black with basal 1/10 pale yellow; hind tarsus black; hind tarsomere 1 slightly thickened. Abdomen black in ground color; abdominal tergite 2‒4 each with a pair of yellowish brown spots; spots on tergite 2 small and triangular in shape; spots of tergite 3 and 4 closer to anterior margin, shorter than half of each tergite. Female. No specimens available.

Specimen examined: Korea: GW: Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gachilbong, from Sambongyaksu to 1,240 m peak, 19. v. 2005, DS Choi & SMR Hwang, 1♂; ditto, 8. v. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, 17. v. 1997, HY Han et al., 2♂; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Hoechon, 10. iv. 1998, DS Choi & SK Kim, 1♂.

Distribution: Holarctic Region [PA, NE].

Biology: In Europe, this species occurs in a variety of habitats including gardens, waysides, fields, woods and meadows and can be collected from many different species of flowers.

Korea: GW.

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20. Platycheirus urakawensis (Matsumura, 1919) (Pls. 3C, D)

Melanostoma urakawense Matsumura, 1919: 132. Melanostoma alpinum Shiraki and Edashige, 1953: 96. Melanostoma japonicum van der Goot, 1964: 218.

Korean record: Platycheirus urakawensis: Choi & Han 1999: 172 (redesc., first Korean record); Choi et al. 2000: 143 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 98 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 35 (Korean check.).

Description (modified from Choi and Han, 1999): Body length 11.1‒13.4 mm. Male. Body entirely black with grayish brown to brown abdominal spots. Head entirely black; frons with grayish brown pruinosity; face with lateral area whitish gray pruinosity; central knob shiny black, moderately produced; ocellar triangle with sparse black hairs; occiput with dense gray pruinosity; occipital hairs mostly yellowish brown mixed with black near vertex; frontal hairs dense black; face with black and white hairs; eyes holoptic; basofalgellomere with yellowish brown ventrally; arista dark brown with microscopic pubescence. Thorax entirely shiny black with short, pale yellow hairs. Wing hyaline with brownish tinge, covered with microtrichia except for antero-basal areas of cell bm and cup; halter dark brown. Legs with fore coxa black; for trochanter dark brown to black with normal short hairs; fore femur dark brown with clump of tangled silky white haris, with 3‒4 small black patches basally, with 3‒4 long black hairs medially; fore tibia yellowish brown, gradually broadened toward apex; fore tarsus whitish yellow with tarsomere 1 about 2.5 times as long as tarsomere 2; midfemur black with 10‒13 short black spine-like hairs anteriorly; midtibia black with two short black hairs at apex; hind femur black with long yellowish brown hairs anteriorly; hind tibia black; hind tarsus entirely black with tarsomere 1 slightly thickened. Abdomen black in ground color; abdominal tergite 2‒4 each with pair of grayish brown to brown spots; spots on tergite 2 small and obscure; spot on tergite 3 and 4 closer to anterior margin, short than half of each tergite. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; frons entirely black with a pair of triangular whitish gray pruinose dust spots medially; fore femur without ornamental hairs; fore tibia and tarsus not broadened; abdomen with a pair of bluish gray spots, more or less quadrate in shape.

Specimen examined: Korea: GB: Bonghwa-gun, Murya-myeon, Mt. Seondalsan, from Ojeon-ri to 1,236 m peak, 4. v. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♂; Uljin-gun, Onjeong-ri, Mt. Baegamsan, 16. viii. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♀; Yeongju-si, Sunheung-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, 11. vi. 2004, HW Byun et al., 1♂1♀. GG: Gwangju- si, Dochek-myeon, Mt. Taehwasan, 5. v. 2001, SK Kim & OY Lim, 1♀; Pocheon-gun, Mt. Myeongjisan, 3. v. 1997, HY Han, 1♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 3♂1♀; Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt.

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Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 25. v. 2004, HW Byun et al., 2♂1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 25. viii. 2002, HW Byun & OY Lim, 3♂10♀; Inje- gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 29. v. 1999, HY Han et al., 5♂3♀; Jeongseon-gun, Gohan-eup, Mt. Hambaeksan, 14. viii. 1999, HY Han et al., 59♂82♀; Taebaek-si, Mt. Taebaeksan, from Yuilsa to 1,560 m peak, 29. viii. 1999, DS Choi & CH Park, 14♂11♀; Wonju-si, Panbu- myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 5.v.2003, HW Byun, 31♂12♀. JB: Muju-gun, Seolcheon-myeon, Daebul-ri, 26. v. 1993, 2♂. JN: Gurye-gun, Sandong-myeon, Mt. Jirisan, Nogodan (1,507 m), 8. ix. 2006, DS Choi, 1♀. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eup, Mt. Hallasan, 26. vi. 2003, DS Choi et al., 8♂3♀; Seogwipo-si, Mt. Hallasan, 3. v. 2003, OY Lim & HS Lee, 1♀.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye Territory), Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: Okuno (1967) and Minamikawa & Fukuhara (1964) recorded the species as a predator of Myzus persicae.

Korea: GB, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

Genus Xanthandrus Verrall, 1901

Xanthandrus Verrall, 1901: British flies, 8: 316. TS: Musca comtus Harris (des. Coquillett, 1910: Proc. U.S. natn. Mus., 37: 620). Hiratana Matsumura, 1919: Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 3 (3-4): 129. TS: Syrphus quadriguttulus Matsumura (OD) [= comtus (Harris)].

21. Xanthandrus comtus (Harris, 1780) (Pls. 3E, F)

Musca comtus Harris, 1780: 47. Epistrophe reducta Cepelak, 1940: 34. Epistrophe undulata Cepelak, 1940: 33. Scaeva hyalinata Fallén, 1817: 43. Scaeva saltatrix Gravenhorst, 1807: 374. Syrphus quadriguttulus Matsumura, 1911: 78.

Korean record: Xanthandrus comtus: Kim, JI & Kim, CW 1972: 9 (new Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 379 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 68 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 120 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 93 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 35 (Korean check.).

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Description: Body length 12.3‒16 mm. Male. Body entirely black with large yellow to yellowish orange abdominal spots. Head entirely black; frons with grayish brown pruinosity; face with whitish gray pruinosity; central knob shiny black, moderately produced; ocellar triangle with sparse brown hairs; occiput with dense dark gray pruinosity; occipital hairs mostly yellowish brown with some longer black hairs near vertex; frontal hairs black; facial hairs yellowish brown; eyes holoptic; antennal scape and pedicel with fine black hairs; basofalgellomere dorsally dark brown, ventrally brown; arista dark brown without microscopic pubescence. Thorax entirely shiny black with short, pale yellow hairs mixed with few black hairs. Wing hyaline with brownish tinge, covered with microtrichia mostly but cell bm, cup without microtrichia upper basally; halter brown to dark brown. Legs with fore coxa black with white hairs; for trochanter black with short hairs; fore femur black with dark brown apically and covered with yellowish brown hairs posteriorly; fore tibia dark brown with many short black hairs; fore tarsus black, slender; midcoxa and trochanter balck; midfemur black with dark brown apically and covered with yellowish brown hairs posteriorly; midtibia dark brown to black, very slender basally; midtarsus black; hind coxa and trochanter black; hind femur black with yellowish brown hairs; hind tibia black with short black hairs; hind tarsus with slightly thickened tarsomere 1, about as long as tarsomere 2‒4 together. Abdomen black in ground color; abdominal tergite 2‒4 each with pair of yellow spots; tergite 3 and 4 shorter than wide; tergite 2 with a pair of distinctly round spots; tergite 3 and 4 each with a pair of spots connected anteriorly. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; frons black with whitish gray pruinose dust spot medially; facial hairs white to yellowish brown; abdominal tergite 2 without any spot, very small round spots; spots on tergite 3 and 4 more or less quadrate in shape.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Goesan-gun, Yeonpung-myeon, Mt. Sinseonbong (967 m), Wonpung-ri, 1. ix. 2006, DS Choi, 1♀; Jecheon-si, Songgye-ri, Jeolgol, 10. v. 1997, HY Han et al., 2♂. CN: Taean-gun, Taean-eup, Mt. Baeghwasan, Jangsan-ri, 29. viii. 2001, DS Choi et al., 1♀. GB: Gyeongju-si, Geoncheon- eup, Mt. Danseoksan, 19. vi. 2009, DS Choi, 1♂; Yeongju-si, Sunheung-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, 27. viii. 2001, DS Choi et al., 1♀. GB: Dalseong-gun, Yuga-myeon, Mt. Biseulsan, 26. v. 2007, DS Choi, 2♂. GN: Busan, Gangseo-gu, Seongbuk-dong, Is. Gadeokdo, 25. iv. 2011, DS Choi, 1♂. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Buk- myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, Ikgeun-ri, 22. iv. 2001, DS Choi et al., 1♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae- myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 1. viii. 2006, HW Byun et al., 2♂3♀; Hongcheon- gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 23. ix. 2011, SW Suk & DH Kim, 1♂; Jeongseon-gun, Gohan-eup, Mt. Hambaeksan, 12. vii. 2008, DS Choi, 1♂; Pyeongchang-gun, Jinbu- myeon, Mt. Odaesan, from Bukdaesa to Sangwangbong (1,491 m) peak, 20. vii. 2004, DS Choi & HW Byun, 3♂2♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 8. vi. 2007, SW Suk, 1♂; ditto, 15. iv. 2007, JS Lim, 2♀; Yeongwol-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Sambangsan, 24. viii. 2001, DS Choi & OY Lim, 1♀. JB: Sunchang-gun, Bokheung-myeon, Mt. Naejangsan, Sunchangsaejae, 11. v. 2013, DS Choi, 2♂. JN: Gurye-gun, Sandong-myeon, Mt. Jirisan, from Seongsamjae to Nogodan, JS Lim et al., 1♀. JJ: Bukjeju-gun,

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Jocheon-eup, Mt. Hallasan, 26. vi. 2003, DS Choi et al., 4♂.

Distribution: Palaearctic, Oriental Regions [PA, OR].

Biology: In Europe, Chapman (1906) and Lyon (1968) recorded larva of this species as a predator larva of Yponomeutidae and Tortricidae.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

Tribe Paragini

Genus Paragus Latreille, 1804

Paragus Latreille, 1804: Nouv. dict. hist. nat., 24 (Tabl. méth. Ins.): 194. TS: Syrphus bicolor Fabricius (MO). Pandasyopthalmus Stuckenberg, 1954: Revue Zool. bot. afr., 69 (1-2): 100 (as subgenus of Paragus Latreille). TS: Paragus longiventris Loew (OD).

22. Paragus fasciatus Coquillett, 1898

Paragus fasciatus Coquillett, 1898: 320. Paragus nohirae Matsumura, 1916: 12.

Korean record: Paragus fasciatus [probably misidentification of P. quadrifasciatus]: Kim, CW 1971: 835 (redescrip., first Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 285 (distr. Map); Kim, JI 1980: 378 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 123 (Korean cat.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 36 (Korean check.).

Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye Territory), Korea, Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu) [PA]

Biology: Unknown

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Kim (1971).

23. Paragus haemorrhous Meigen, 1822 (Pls. 3G, H, I)

Paragus haemorrhous Meigen, 1822: 182. Paragus auricaudatus Bigot, 1884: 540. Paragus coreanus Shiraki, 1930: 250.

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Paragus dimidiatus Loew, 1863: 308. Paragus ogasawarae Matsumura, 1916: 13. Paragus pallipes Matsumura, 1916: 11. Paragus sigillatus Curtis, 1836: 593. Paragus substitutus Loew, 1858: 376. Paragus tamagawanus Matsumura, 1916: 9. Paragus trianguliferus Zetterstedt, 1838: 3.

Korean record: Paragus haemorrhous: Peck 1988: 78 (Palaearctic cat.); Han et al. 1998b: 121 (Korean cat.). Paragus coreanus: Shiraki 1930: 250 (orig. desc., first Korean record); ZSK 1968: 180 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 836 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 378 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han & Choi 2001: 99 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 36 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 4.5‒6.5 mm. Male. Body almost entirely black ground color. Vertical triangle entirely black with yellow brown pilose; face entirely yellow brown except shiny black medially and ventrally, with silver white pilose; lunule shiny dark brown; frons yellow brown with silver white pilose; eyes sparsely dichoptic, dense pilose; antenna scape and pedicel entirely black with pale yellow setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown, as long as scape and pedicel together; arista black. Thorax entirely shiny black with dense yellow brown pilose. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs yellow brown ground color; coxae and trochanters entirely shiny black; femora black basally and yellow brown apically; tibia entirely yellow brown. Abdomen black ground color, as long as head and thorax together; tergite 2 entirely black; tergite 3 and 4 each orange brown maculae. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes distinctly dichoptic; abdomen entirely shiny black.

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GW: Gangneung-si, Sacheon-myeon, Sagimak-ri, 18. vi. 2007, HS Lee et al., 1♀; Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae- myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 1. viii. 2006, HW Byun et al., 1♂; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 3. x. 2005, HY Han et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 13. viii. 2004, OY Lim & HS Lee, 2♂. JB: Gimje-si, Hwangsan-dong, Munsusa Temple, 17. vi. 2011, DS Choi, 1♀; Imsil-gun, Cheongung-myeon, Hyanggyo-ri, Mt. Baekisan, 6. vii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♀; Jangseong-gun, Bukha-myeon, Mt. Naejangsan, Cheongryuam, 13. vii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♀; Jangsu-gun, Jangsu-eup, Mt. Jangansan, 25. viii. 2008, HS Lee & JM Jung, 1♂; Sunchang-gun, Paldeok-myeon, Seoheung Reservoir, 25. v. 2013, DS Choi, 1♀. JN: Damyang- gun, Subuk-myeon, Ojeong-ri, 17. v. 2007, DS Choi, 2♀. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eup, Goepyeongi oreum, 2. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Seogwipo-si, Topyeong-dong, Donnaeko, 30. x. 2009, DS Choi, 1♂.

Distribution: Palaearctic, Afrotropical Regions [PA, AF].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

24. Paragus jozanus Matsumura, 1916

Paragus jozanus Matsumura, 1916: 10.

Korean record: Paragus jozanus [probably misidentification of P. haemorrhous]: Kim, CW 1971: 836 (redescrip., first Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 378 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 121 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 102 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 36 (Korean check.).

Distribution: Korea?, Japan [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Kim (1971).

25. Paragus politus Wiedemann, 1830

Paragus politus Wiedemann, 1830: 89. Paragus rufiventrisBrunetti, 1913: 157. Pipizella indicus Brunetti, 1908: 52.

Korean record: Paragus politus: Kim, CW 1971: 836 (redescrip., first Korean record); Kim, JI 1975:

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40 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 286 (distr. Map); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 121 (Korean cat.). Paragus polistus [misspelling]: Kim, JI 1980: 378 (Korean check.).

Distribution: China, Korea?, Japan, Oriental Region [PA, OR].

Biology: Unknown.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Kim (1971).

26. Paragus quadrifasciatus Meigen, 1822 (Pl. 3J)

Paragus quadrifasciatus Meigen, 1822: 181. Paragus niger Suster, 1959: 129. Paragus pulcherrimus Strobl, 1893: 78. Paragus sexnotatus Szilady, 1940: 54. Paragus variofasciatus Becker, 1907: 249. Syrphus bifasciatus Macquart, 1834: 566. Syrphus concinnus Wiedemann, 1822: 321. Syrphus quadrivittatus Macquart, 1829: 186.

Korean record: Paragus quadrifasciatus: Shiraki 1930: 246 (redescrip., presumably first Korean record); Matsumura 1931: 348 (redescrip.); Okuno 1967: 130 (aphidophagous syrphid list); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 287 (distr. Map); Kim, JI 1980: 379 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 82 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 123 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 104 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 37 (Korean check.). Paragus guadrifasciatus [misspelling]: ZSK 1968: 178 (Korean check.). Paragus quadrifasiatus [misspelling]: Kim, CW 1971: 837 (redescrip.).

Description: Body length 6.2‒7.8 mm. Male. Body almost entirely yellow brown ground color. Vertical triangle entirely black with yellow brown pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny yellow brown; frons yellow brown with silver white pilose; eyes holoptic, silver white pilose; antenna scape and pedicel entirely dark brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere transverse elliptic; arista dark brown. Thorax black ground color with dense yellow brown pilose; scutum with a pair of dust white longitudinal band; scutellum yellow brown hind margin. Wing hyaline and clear; halter pale brown. Leg: coxae and trochanters entirely shiny black; femora black basally and yellow brown apically; tibia entirely yellow brown except black basal half of hind tibia. Abdomen black ground color, as long as head and thorax together; tergite 2 with orange brown transverse

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band posterior margin; terghte 3 with a pair of orange brown band attached anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CN: Cheonan-si, Seonggeo-eup, Cheonheung-ri, 21. v. 2006, HW Byun et al., 1♂1♀. GB: Cheongsong-gun, Budong-myeon, Mt. Juwangsan (721 m), 10. ix. 2006, DS Choi, 1♀; Gimchoen-si, Daehang-myeon, Jikjisa Temple, 21. viii. 2011, DS Choi, 1♀. GN: Hapcheon-gun, Gaya- myeon, Maehwa-ri, 12. ix. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂. GG: Anyang-si, Manan-gu, Anyang 9-dong, Byeongmokan park, 13. ix. 2015, 1♂; Yeoju-gun, Yeoju-eup, Sinjin-ri, Namhangang river side, 20. viii. 2002, DS Choi et al., 1♂1♀. GW: Chuncheon-si, Sindong-myeon, Palmi-ri, 4. vi. 2006, DS Choi, 1♂; Donghae-si, Samhwa- dong, Mureung valley, 26. v. 2007, HS Lee et al., 1♂; ditto, 23. iv. 2011, YB Lee et al., 1♀; Hoengseong- gun, Cheongil-myeon, Yupyeong-ri, Seomgang river side, 20. viii. 2002, DS Choi et al., 1♂4♀; Wonju- si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 27. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Yeongwol-gun, Seo-myeon, Ssangyong-ri, near Ssangyongcheon, 5. viii. 2003, OY Lim & HS Lee, 1♂. JB: Imsil-gun, Cheongung-myeon, Hyanggyo-ri, Mt. Baekisan, 6. vii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♂.

Distribution: Palaearctic Region [PA].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Aphis craccivora, Ap. glycines, Ap. gossypii, Ap. fukii, Ap. pomi, Ap. rumicis, Aulacorthum solani, Brevicoryne brassicae, Megoura viciae japonica, Myzus persicae, Neophyllaphis podocarpi, and Rhopalosiphum maidis.

Korea: CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB.

27. Paragus tibialis (Fallén, 1817)

Pipiza tibialis Fallén, 1817: 60. Ascia analis Macquart, 1839: 109. Orthonevra varipes Bigot, 1880: 150. Paragus aeneus Meigen, 1822: 183. Paragus dispar Schummel, 1841: 163. Paragus femoratus Meigen, 1822: 184. Paragus meridionalis Becker, 1921: 4. Paragus monogolicus Kanervo, 1938: 149. Paragus mundus Wollaston, 1858: 115. Paragus numdia Macquart, 1849: 471. Paragus obscurus Meigen, 1822: 183. Paragus zonatus Meigen, 1822: 177.

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Korean record: Paragus tibialis [probably misidentification of P. haemorrhous]: Shiraki 1930: 247 (redescrip., presumably first Korean record); Matsumura 1931: 348 (redescrip.); Okuno 1967: 130 (aphidophagous syrphid list); ZSK 1968: 178 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 837 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 288 (distr. Map); Kim, JI 1980: 379 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 78 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 122 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 103 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 37 (Korean check.).

Distribution: Holarctic, Oriental Regions [PA, NE, OR].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Aphis craccivora, Ap. glycines, Ap. gossypii, Ap. fukii, Ap. rumicis, Aulacorthum solani, Brevicoryne brassicae, Capitophorus fragarifoliae, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae, Melanaphis bambusae, Myzus persicae, and Rhopalosiphum maidis.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Kim (1971).

Tribe Syrphini

Genus Allograpta Osten Sacken, 1875

Allograpta Osten Sacken, 1875: Bull. Buffalo Soc. nat. Sci., 3: 49. TS: Scaeva obliqua Say (MO). Miogramma Frey, 1946: Notul. ent., 25: 165, TS: Syrphus javanus Wiedemann (OD). Helenomyia Bańkowska, 1962: Bull. Acad. pol. Sci. (Biol), 10: 311. TS: Syrphus javanus Wiedemann (OD).

28. Allograpta javana (Wiedemann, 1824) (Pls. 3K, L)

Syrphus iavanus Wiedemann, 1824: 34. Xanthogramma nakamurae Matsumura, 1918: 9.

Korean record: Allograpta javana: Knutson et al. 1975: 308 (Orient. cat.); Kim, JI 1980: 382 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 12 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 96 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 17 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 37 (Korean check.). Sphaerophoria javana: Shiraki 1930: 394 (redescrip., presumably first Korean record); Okuno 1967: 132 (aphidophagous syrphid list); Kim, CW 1971: 841 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 7.8‒10.2 mm.

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Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with yellow brown pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny brown; frons yellow brown with brown pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel yellow brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere yellow brown with dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with a pair of longitudinal bands laterally; postpronotum yellow brown; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except dark brown basal 1/4 of hind femur, apical 1/3 and basal 1/3 of hind tibia, hind tarsi. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2‒4 each yellow brown transverse band. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Chungju-si, Jongmin-dong, Mt. Gyemyeongsan, 30. vii. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂1♀; Jincheon-gun, Iwol-myeon, Naechon-ri, 21. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Yeongdong-gun, Sangchon-myeon, Mulhan-ri, 9. vii. 2016, DS Choi, 2♂. CN: Daejeon, Dong-gu, Secheon-dong, Secheon Reservoir, 12. vi. 2011, DS Choi, 1♀. GB: Andong-si, Gilan-myeon, Gyemyeongsan Recreational Forest, 7. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂; Gimcheon-si, Jirye-myeon, near Gyorigyo, 3. x. 2016, DS Choi, 1♂; Gyeongju- si, Naenam-myeon, Gwaneumsa, 4. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂2♀; Yeongju-si, Punggi-eup, Samga-ri, Birosa, 16. viii. 2016, DS Choi, 1♀. GN: Hadong-gun, Hoengcheon-myeon, Mt. Jeongansan, 4. vii. 2009, DS Choi, 1♀. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, 19. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Paju-si, Jeokseong- myeon, Seolma-ri, Mt. Gamaksan, 1. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 3♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae- myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 1. viii. 2006, HW Byun et al., 1♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, N. Valley, 23. vi. 2005, B Merz & HS Lee, 1♀; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 21. viii. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♂1♀; Jeongseon-gun, Nam- myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 13. viii. 2005, HY Han et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 12. vi. 1998, HW Byun, 1♂; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 5. vii. 2011, YB Lee et al., 1♂. JB: Imsil-gun, Gwanchon- myeon, Hoebong-ri, Grassland, 1. x. 2016, DS Choi, 1♂; Imsil-gun, Imsil-eup, Jeongwol-ri, Jeongwol reservoir, 6. vii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♂. JN: Gwangju, Buk-gu, Mt. Mudeungsan, Neutjaesamgeori, 4. viii. 2013, DS Choi, 2♀. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eup, Mt. Hallasan, 5. viii. 2003, DS Choi & HW Byun, 1♂4♀.

Distribution: Eastern Palaearctic, Oriental, Australasian Regions [PA, OR, AU].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Aphis gossypii, Ap. pomi, Capitophorus hippophaes, Cinara kochi, Ci. laricicola, Dactynotus gobonis, Glyphina onigurumi, Macrosiphum ibarae, Megoura viciae japonica, Myzus persicae, Neophyllaphis podocarpi, and Phorodon humuli.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

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Genus Asarkina Macquart, 1842

Asarkina Macquart, 1842: Mém. Soc. Sci. Agric. Lille, 1841 (1): 137 and Dipt. exot., 2 (2): 77. TS: Scaeva rostrata Wiedemann (MO). Asarcina Agassiz, 1846: Nomencl. zool. Index Univ.: 35; unjustified emendation.

29. Asarkina ericetorum (Fabricius, 1781)

Syrphus ericetorum Fabricius, 1781: 425. Asarkina formosae Bezzi, 1908: 499. Asarkina typica Bezzi, 1908: 500. Asarkina usambarensis Bezzi, 1908: 500. Didea diaphana Doleschall, 1857: 409. Didea macquarti Doleschall, 1857: 408. Syrphus incisuralis Macquart, 1855: 114.

Korean record: Asarkina ericetorum: Han et al. 2014: 38 (Korean check.). Asarkina ericetorum formosae: Han et al. 1998b: 96 (Korean cat.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.). Asarkina formosae: Kim, JI 1980: 379 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.). Asarcina formosae: Kim, CW 1971: 876 (redescrip., first Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 261 (distr. Map).

Distribution: Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Japan, Indonesia [OR].

Biology: Unknown.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Kim (1971). Occurrence of this Oriental species in Korea needs to be more carefully confirmed (Han et al., 1998b).

30. Asarkina porcina (Coquillett, 1898) (Pl. 4A)

Syrphus porcinus Coquillett, 1898: 322.

Korean record: Asarkina porcina: Kim, JI 1980: 379 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 96 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 20 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014:

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38 (Korean check.). Asarcina porcina: Doi 1938a: 8 (Korean check., presumably first Korean record); ZSK 1968: 179 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 876 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 262 (distr. Map).

Description: Body length 14.2‒16.8 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny black; frons yellow brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel dark brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny bluish gray except lateral margin with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with yellow brown pilose anteriorly and black pilose posteriorly mixed. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except dark brown hind tibia and tarsi. Abdomen yellow brown color; tergite 2‒4 each black thin band on hind margin and longitudinal band on tergite 2. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: GN: Ulsan, Ulju-gun, Sangbuk-myeon, Ganwoljae, 18. vi. 2009, DS Choi, 1♂. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Sang-myeon, Yulgil-ri, Mt. Gaejusan, 23. vii. 2006, DS Choi, 1♂. GW: Hoengseong- gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 10. viii. 1999, DS Choi et al., 2♂; Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 23. vii. 2008, HS Lee et al., 1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 5. viii. 2005, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gachilbong, from Sambongyaksu to 1,240 m peak, 5. vi. 2000, DS Choi, 1♀; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 14. viii. 1997, HY Han et al., 2♀; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 28. vi. 2006, HY Han et al., 4♂; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 20. vii. 2006, SMR Hwang, 4♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 1.vi.2009, 1♂. JB: Wanju-gun, Unju-myeon, Mt. Daedunsan, 18. viii. 2000, DS Choi & DS Kang, 1♂.

Distribution: East Siberia to Russian Far East, Korea, Japan, Oriental Region [PA, OR].

Biology: Nawa (1917) and Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Aphids.

Korea: GN, GG, GW, JB.

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Genus Betasyrphus Matsumura, 1917

Betasyrphus Matsumura, 1917: Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 2 (4): 134 and 143. TS: Syrphus serarius Wiedmann (OD).

31. Betasyrphus serarius (Wiedemann, 1830) (Pl. 4B)

Syrphus serarius Wiedemann, 1830: 128.

Korean record: Betasyrphus serarius: Matsumura & Adachi 1917a: 144 (redescrip., presumably first Korean record); Peck 1988: 13 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 97 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 143 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 21 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 38 (Korean check.). Syrphus serarius: Shiraki 1930: 360 (redescrip.); Doi 1938a: 10 (Korean check.); Okuno 1967: 134 (aphidophagous syrphid list); ZSK 1968: 178 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 848 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 380 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 9.5‒11.5 mm. Male. Head silver gray ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely silver gray with black pilose; lunule shiny black; frons silver gray and shiny black anteriorly; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere black dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny bluish gray with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear; halter dark brown. Legs almost entirely black. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of silver gray band medially; tergite 3 and 4 with a pair of pale yellow band near anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

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Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 1. viii. 2006, HW Byun et al., 2♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 3. ix. 2000, SK Kim et al., 1♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, N. Valley, 26. vii. 1999, DS Choi et al., 2♀; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 3. x. 2005, HY Han et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 12. vii. 1998, DS Choi, 2♂; ditto, 13. viii. 2004, OY Lim & HS Lee, 2♂. JB: Imsil-gun, Imsil-eup, Jeongwol-ri, Jeongwol reservoir, 6. vii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♂. JN: Gwangju, Buk-gu, Mt. Mudeungsan, Neutjaesamgeori, 4. viii. 2013, DS Choi, 4♀.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk & Primorye Territories, Sakhalin, Kuril Is), Korea, Japan, China, Oriental Region, New Guinea, Australia [PA, OR, AU].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Amphorophora sambuci, Aphis craccivora, Ap. gossypii, Ap. glycines, Ap. pomi, Ap. rumicis, Ap. spiraecola, Aulacorthum solani, Capitophorus formosanus, Ca. hippophaes, Hyalopterus arundinis, Hy. atriplicis, Lachnus tropicalis, Macrosiphoniella sanborni, Macrosiphum formosanum, Ma. rosae ibarae, Megoura viciae japonica, Melanaphis bambusae, Myzus malisuctus, My. persicae, Neophyllaphis podocarpi, Neophyllaphis podocarpi, Periphyllus testudinatus, Phorodon humuli, Pseudocerosipha pruni, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rh. pseudobrassicae, Toxoptera aurantii, and To. citricidus. Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

Genus Dasysyrphus Enderlein, 1938

Dasysyrphus Enderlein, 1938: Ges. naturf. Freunde Berl., 1937 (4-7): 208 (as subgenus of Syrphus Fabricius). TS: Scaeva albostriata Fallén (OD). Syrphella Goffe, 1944: Entomologist's mon. Mag., 80: 129 (as new name for Conosyrphus Matsumura). Conosyrphus Matsumura, 1918: J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido imp. Univ., 8: 11. TS: Conosyrphus okunii Matsumura (OD) = tricinctus (Fallén). Dendrosyrphus Dušek et Láska, 1967: Acta sci. nat. Brno, 1: 365 (as subgenus of Dasysyrphus). TS: Syrphus lunulatus Meigen (OD).

Key to species of Dasysyrphus from South Korea

1. Abdominal tergite 3 and 4 with yellow brown wave pattern band at hind margin ··············· D. bilineatus − Abdominal tergite 3 and 4 with yellow brown straight pattern ban at hind margin ···························· 2 2. Abdominal tergite 2 with large yellow brown bands ··············································· D. albostriatus − Abdominal tergite 2 with small yellow brown spots ·················································· D. tricinctus

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32. Dasysyrphus albostriatus (Fallén, 1817) (Pls. 4C, D, E)

Scaeva albostriata Fallén, 1817: 42. Syrphus carinthiacus Latzel, 1876: 105. Syrphus confusus Egger, 1860: 664. Syrphus nigrum Brown, 1971: 356.

Korean record: Dasysyrphus albostriatus: Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus, first Korean record); Han et al. 1998b: 97 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 24 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 38 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 8.8‒11.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with black pilose lateral margin; lunule shiny black; frons black with black pilose; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel dark brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere brown; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with yellow and black pilose mixed. Wing hyaline and clear except cell SC apically; halter yellow brown. Legs: coxae and trochanters shiny black; fore and midfemur black with anterior 1/2 yellow brown; fore and midtibia entirely yellow brown; hind femur entirely black with yellow brown apical 1/5; hind tibia basal 1/2 brown and apical 1/2 black. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2‒4 with a pair of yellow brown band; tergite 3 and 4 with bands attached or separated near anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; abdominal bands narrower than male.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Jecheon-si, Baegun-myeon, Odu-ri, 5. v. 1996, HY Han & HW Byun, 1♂. GB: Bonghwa-gun, Murya-myeon, Mt. Seondalsan, from Ojeon-ri to 1,236 m peak, 4. v. 1998, HY Han et al., 2♀; Yeongju-si, Sunheung-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, 27. v. 2005, DS Choi et al., 1♂. GG: Gwangju-si, Dochek-myeon, Mt. Taehwasan, 22. ix. 2001, DS Kang & OY Lim, 1♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung- myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 1♂2♀; Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 8. ix. 2005, HW Byun & SW Suk, 9♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 23. vi. 2005, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 29. v. 1999, HY Han et al., 2♂10♀; Jeongsoen-gun, from Mahangchi to Mt. Gariwangsan, 7. vi. 1997, HY Han et al., 1♂; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 10. vi. 2007, HY Han et al., 1♂; Samcheok-si, Jungbong-ri, Mt. Jungbongsan, 1. vi. 1997, HY Han et al., 1♀.

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Distribution: Europe, Russia (excl. north parts), East Asia (Mongolia, Korea, Japan) [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: CB, GB, GW.

33. Dasysyrphus bilineatus (Matsumura, 1917) (Pls. 4F, G)

Syrphus bilineatus Matsumura, 1917: 38. Catabomba excavata Matsumura, 1918: 14.

Korean record: Dasysyrphus bilineatus: Kim, JI 1980: 380 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 14 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 98 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 25 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 39 (Korean check.). Syrphus bilineatus: Doi 1938a: 10 (Korean check., presumably first Korean record); ZSK 1968: 180 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 850 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 291 (distr. Map).

Description: Body length 13.5‒15.8 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny black; frons black with black pilose; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny bluish gray with three brown longitudinal strips, dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except cell SC apically; halter yellow brown. Legs: coxae and trochanters shiny black; fore and midfemur black with anterior 1/2 yellow brown; fore and midtibia entirely yellow brown; hind femur entirely black with yellow brown apical 1/5; hind tibia entirely black. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2‒4 each with a pair of yellow brown undulate lateral band attached anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; abdominal bands narrower than male.

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ri, 11. x. 2009, SW Suk et al., 1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gachilbong, from Sambongyaksu to 1,240 m peak, 25. viii. 2002, DS Choi & HS Lee, 1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 3. ix. 2000, SK Kim et al., 1♂5♀; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 3. x. 2005, HY Han et al., 1♀; Taebaek-si, Mt. Taebaeksan, from Yuilsa to 1,560 m peak, 12. viii. 2000, 1♂. JN: Damyang-gun, Geumseong-myeon, Bonghwang-ri, 24. iv. 2007, DS Choi, 1♀.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk & Primorye Territories, Sakhalin, Kuril Is), Korea, Japan, Taiwan [PA, OR].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Aphis gossypii, Ap. pomi, Cinara longipennis, Macrosiphum formosanum, Myzus persicae, Neophyllaphis podocarpi, and Periphyllus testudinatus.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

34. Dasysyrphus tricinctus (Fallén, 1817) (Pl. 4H)

Scaeva tricincta Fallén, 1817: 41. Conosyrphus okunii Matsumura, 1918: 11. Lasiophthicus coronatus Rondani, 1857: 143.

Korean record: Dasysyrphus tricinctus: Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 98 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 27 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 39 (Korean check.). Syrphus tricinctus: Park et al. 1993: 208 (Jirisan).

Description: Body length 10.8‒12.3 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with black longitudinal stripe medially, silver white pilose; lunule shiny black; frons shiny black with black pilose; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity longer than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown; arista black. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense yellow brown and black pilose mixed; scutellum dark brown with dense black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except cell SC apically; halter yellow brown. Legs: coxae and trochanters shiny black; fore and midfemur black with anterior 1/2 yellow brown; fore and midtibia entirely yellow brown; hind femur entirely black with yellow brown apical 1/5; hind tibia entirely yellow brown. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of small yellow brown spot; tergite 3 with a pair of yellow brown band attached medially; tergite 4 with a pair of thin yellow band attached anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

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Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Jecheon-si, Bongyang-eup, near Guhak Station, 5. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂. GB: Cheongsong-gun, Budong-myeon, Mt. Juwangsan, 10. ix. 2006, DS Choi, 3♂1♀. GG: Gapyeong- gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, 19. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Paju-si, Jeokseong-myeon, Seolma- ri, Mt. Gamaksan, 1. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 3♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 3♂1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae- myeon, Mt. Gachilbong, from Sambongyaksu to 1,240 m peak, 2. v. 2003, HY Han & KE Ro, 1♂; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 21. viii. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♂; Taebaek- si, Mt. Taebaeksan, from Yuilsa to 1,560 m peak, 12. viii. 2000, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 4. ix. 1999, DS Choi & CH Park, 1♂; ditto, 6.vi.2006, 1♂.

Distribution: Europe, Russia, Mongolia, Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: Larva of this species recored as a predator of larvae of Tenthredinidae, especially Pachynematus scutellatus and Lygaeonematus pini on spruce (Picea) (Torp, 1994).

Korea: CB, GB, GG, GW.

Genus Didea Macquart, 1834

Didea Macquart, 1843: Hist. nat. Ins., Dipt., 1: 508. TS: Didea fasciata Macquart (MO). Enica Meigen, 1838: Syst. Beschr., 7: 140. TS: foersteri Meigen (MO) [= fasciata Macquart].

35. Didea alneti (Fallén, 1817) (Pl. 4I)

Scaeva alneti Fallén, 1817: 38. Didea japonica Matsumura, 1917: 138. Didea sachalinensis Matsumura, 1917: 138. Syrphus pellucidulus Wiedemann, 1822: 311.

Korean record: Didea alneti: Doi 1938a: 8 (Korean check., presumably first Korean record); ZSK 1968: 179 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 847 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 265 (distr. Map); Kim, JI 1980: 380 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 17 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 198 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 29 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 39 (Korean check.).

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Description: Body length 14.2‒16.7 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with black longitudinal stripe medially, silver white pilose; lunule shiny yellow brown; frons yellow brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, sparse pilose; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown; arista black. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except cell SC; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely black except yellow brown tibia, hind tibia yellow anteriorly brown and black posteriorly. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of bluish green band; tergite 3 with vertical band near anterior margin; tergite 4 with a pair of yellow brown triangular band. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Jincheon-gun, Iwol-myeon, Naechon-ri, 21. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♀. CN: Gongju-si, Gyeryong-myeon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Gapsa, 1. x. 2000, DS Choi & SK Kim, 1♂4♀. GB: Cheongsong-gun, Budong-myeon, Mt. Juwangsan, 10. ix. 2006, DS Choi, 1♂2♀. GN: Busan, Gijang-gun, Cheolma-myeon, Sosan Gonchungmaeul, 5. x. 2012, DS Choi, 1♂1♀. GG: Yeoju-gun, Yeoju-eup, Sinjin-ri, Namhangang river side, 12. x. 2002, DS Choi & MH Lim, 1♀. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 2♀; Hongcheon- gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gachilbong, from Sambongyaksu to 1,240 m peak, 2. v. 2003, HY Han & KE Ro, 1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 3. ix. 2000, SK Kim et al., 1♂5♀; ditto, 9. viii. 2006, 1♀; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 3. x. 2005, HY Han et al., 3♀; Wonju-si, Gwirae-myeon, from Cheoneunsa to Mt. Sipjabong peak, 1. x. 2010, YB Lee & HS Lee, 1♂. JN: Jangheung-gun, Gwansan-eup, Mt. Cheongwansan, 14. v. 2000, DS Choi et al., 6♂. JJ: Namjeju-gun, Pyoseon-myeon, Namjoro swimteo, near 1118 road, 8. viii. 2003, HY Han et al., 1♂1♀.

Distribution: Holarctic Region [PA, NE].

Biology: Larva of this species recored as a predator of Lachnus tropicalis (Ninomiya, 1959b; Aruga, 1961, Okuno, 1967) and aphids on Abies sachalinenesis, Larix leptolepis (Yamaguchi et al., 1966; Okuno, 1967).

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

36. Didea fasciata Macquart, 1834 (Pl. 4J)

Didea fasciata Macquart, 1834: 508. Enica foersteri Meigen, 1838: 140.

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Korean record: Didea fasciata: Kim, CW 1971: 848 (redescrip., first Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 266 (distr. Map); Kim, JI 1980: 380 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 99 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 31 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 39 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 12.5‒14.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with black longitudinal stripe medially, silver white pilose; lunule shiny yellow brown; frons yellow brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, sparse pilose; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown; arista black. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except cell SC; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely black except yellow brown tibia, hind tibia yellow anteriorly brown and black posteriorly. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown band; tergite 3 with vertical band near anterior margin; tergite 4 with a pair of yellow brown triangular band. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Cheongwon-gun, Namseong-myeon, Mt. Ingyeongsan, 15. viii. 1997, HY Han et al., 1♀; Jecheon-si, Bongyang-eup, near Guhak Station, 5. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂. CN: Daejeon, Dong-gu, Secheon-dong, Secheon Reservoir, 12. vi. 2011, DS Choi, 1♀; Taean-gun, Gonam-myeon, Janggok-ri, Haebyeonarae beach, 24. v. 2014, DS Choi, 1♂. GB: Andong-si, Gilan-myeon, Gyemyeongsan Recreational Forest, 7. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂; Gyeongju-si, Naenam-myeon, Gwaneumsa, 4. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂2♀. GN: Busan, Gangseo-gu, Seongbuk-dong, Is. Gadeokdo, 25. iv. 2011, DS Choi, 2♂. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, 19. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 2♀; Jeongsoen-gun, from Mahangchi to Mt. Gariwangsan, 27. ix. 2011, SW Suk & YB Lee, 1♀; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 3. x. 2005, HY Han et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Gwirae-myeon, from Cheoneunsa to Mt. Sipjabong peak, 14. v. 2008, DJ Cha & JM Jung, 1♂. JB: Gimje-si, Hwangsan-dong, Munsusa Temple, 17. vi. 2011, DS Choi, 1♀.

Distribution: Palaearctic, Oriental Regions [PA, OR].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

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Genus Dideoides Brunetti, 1908

Dideoides Brunetti, 1908: Rec. Indian Mus., 2: 54. TS: Dideoides ovatus Brunetti (MO). Dideodes Matsumura, 1917: Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 2(4): 134 and 140. TS: Syrphus lautus Coquillett (OD) [= coquilletti van der Goot].

37. Dideoides coquilletti (van der Goot, 1964) (Pl. 4K)

Syrphus coquilletti van der Goot, 1964: 218. Syrphus lautus Coquillett, 1898: 323.

Korean record: Dideoides coquilletti: Peck 1988: 18 (Palaearctic cat.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 99 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 33 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 40 (Korean check.). Dideoides coquiletti [misspelling]: ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.). Dideoides lauta: ZSK 1968: 179 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 878 (redescrip.). Dideoides lautus: Doi 1938a: 8 (Korean check., presumably first Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 267 (distr. Map); Kim, JI 1980: 380 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 13.5‒16.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with yellow brown pilose; lunule shiny yellow brown; frons yellow brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel dark brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere brown; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum dark brown with two dust gray longitudinal strips, yellow brown and black pilose mixed; scutellum dark brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline with brown tinge anteriorly; halter yellow brown. Legs: coxae and trochanter shiny black; fore and midfemora basal 1/2 black and apical 1/2 yellow brown; hind femur basal 2/3 black and apical 1/3 yellow brown. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 entirely black; tergite 3 with a pair of yellow brown bnad; tergite 4 largely yellow brown. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Boeun-gun, Naesongni-myeon, Mt. Songnisan, Sanae-ri, 20. vii. 2007, DS Choi, 2♀; Chungju-si, Jongmin-dong, Mt. Gyemyeongsan, 30. vii. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♀. CN: Gongju- si, Gyeryong-myeon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Gapsa, 1. x. 2000, DS Choi & SK Kim, 1♂1♀. GB: Andong- si, Gilan-myeon, Gyemyeongsan Recreational Forest, 7. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂; Gyeongju-si, Naenam-

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myeon, Gwaneumsa, 4. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂2♀. GN: Busan, Gijang-gun, Cheolma-myeon, Sosan Gonchungmaeul, 5. x. 2012, DS Choi, 1♀; Hadong-gun, Hoengcheon-myeon, Mt. Jeongansan, 4. vii. 2009, DS Choi, 1♀. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, 19. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 1. viii. 2006, HW Byun et al., 1♂; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 21. viii. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♂1♀; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 5. viii. 2009, DJ Cha et al., 1♂; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 12. vi. 1998, HW Byun, 1♂; ditto, 28. vii. 2008, DJ Cha, 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 13. viii. 2004, OY Lim & HS Lee, 2♂1♀. JN: Gwangju, Buk-gu, Mt. Mudeungsan, Neutjaesamgeori, 4. viii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♀.

Distribution: Korea, Japan, Oriental Region [PA, OR].

Biology: The larva and pupae of this species were collected in Colophina clematis (Hemiptera, Pemphigidae) on Clematis apiifolia (Ranunculaceae) (Ôhara, 1984).

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

38. Dideoides latus (Coquillett, 1898) (Pl. 4L)

Syrphus latus Coquillett, 1898: 322. Syrphus formosanus Matsumura, 1911: 140.

Korean record: Dideoides latus: Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 380 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 100 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 35 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 40 (Korean check.). Dideoides lata: Kim, CW 1971: 877 (redescrip., presumably first Korean record).

Description: Body length 13.5‒16.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny yellow brown; frons yellow brown with black and silver white pilose mixed; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel dark brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally and brown ventrally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny metalic green with two dust gray longitudinal strips, yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with black and yellow brown pilose mixed. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except black coxae and trochanters, hind tarsi. Abdomen yellow brown ground color; tergite 2‒4 each with black band near hind margin.

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Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Chungju-si, Jongmin-dong, Mt. Gyemyeongsan, 30. vii. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Jincheon-gun, Iwol-myeon, Naechon-ri, 21. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♀. GB: Gyeongju- si, Naenam-myeon, Gwaneumsa, 4. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂. GN: Hadong-gun, Hoengcheon-myeon, Mt. Jeongansan, 4. vii. 2009, DS Choi, 1♂. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, 19. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 1. viii. 2006, HW Byun et al., 1♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 23. vi. 2005, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 21. viii. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♂; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 12. vi. 1998, HW Byun, 1♀; ditto, 21.viii.2004, HW Byun, 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 13. viii. 2004, OY Lim & HS Lee, 2♂.

Distribution: Korea, Japan, Oriental Region [PA, OR].

Biology: Takeuchi (1906, 1919) and Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of aphids on Bambusa nana Roxb. var. normalis Makino.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

Genus Doros Meigen, 1803

Doros Meigen, 1803: Mag. Insektenk., 2: 274. TS: Syrphus conopseus Fabricius. (des. Westwood, 1840: Synopsis: 136). Bacchiopsis Matsumura, 1916: Thousand Ins. Japan, Add. 2: 208. TS: Bacchiopsis vespiformis Matsumura (MO) [= conopseus (Fabricius)].

39. Doros conopseus (Fabricius, 1775) (Pl. 5A)

Syrphus conopseus Fabricius, 1775: 768. Bacchiopsis vespiformis Matsumura, 1916: 207. Doros bipunctatus Mik, 1885: 328. Doros destillatorius Mik, 1885: 53. Doros conopeus Zeller, 1842: 830. Musca profugus Harris, 1782: index. Syrphus coarctatus Panzer, 1797: 22.

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Korean record: Doros conopseus: Doi 1938a: 8 (Korean check., presumably first Korean record); Doi 1938b: 92 (Gaema-plateau); Kim, CW 1971: 843 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 382 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 100 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 38 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 40 (Korean check.). Dores chopseus [misspelling]: ZSK 1968: 179 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 17.5‒18.5 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with yellow brown pilose; face yellow brown with black maculae; lunule shiny black; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel dark brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere brown, rounded; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum entirely shiny black with a pair of yellow brown longitudinal strips laterally; scutellum dark brown with dense pilose. Wing hyaline with dark brown tinge anterior 1/3; halter with dark brown stem and yellow brown knob. Legs: coxae and trochanters entirely black; femora entirely black except yellow brown apical 1/5; tibia basal 1/2 yellow brown and apical 1/2 dark brown. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown triangular lateral spot; tergite 3 with yellow brown band anterior margin; tergite 4 with yellow brown bands attached anterior and posterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: GB: Yecheon-gun, Sangri-myeon, Jeosuryeong, 18. v. 2001, HW Byun, 1♂. GG: Gapyeong-gun, 4. vi. 1985, ER Kim, 1♀. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 5. vi. 2005, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 10. vi. 2007, HY Han et al., 1♀; ditto, 13. vi. 2006, HY Han et al., 1♂; ditto, 6. vi. 2006, HY Han et al., 1♀; ditto, 2. vi. 2001, HY Han & KE Ro, 1♀; Pyeongchang- gun, Jinbu-myeon, Mt. Odaesan, Bukdaesa, 31. v. 1998, HS Lee, 1♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 24. v. 2006, HW Byun, 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 29. v. 2000, SK Kim & CH Park, 1♂.

Distribution: Europe, Russia, Mongolia, Korea, Japan [PA]. Biology: Unknown.

Korea: GB, GG, GW.

Genus Epistrophe Walker, 1852

Epistrophe Walker, 1852: Ins. Saunders., 1: 242. TS: Epistrophe conjungens Walker (MO) [= grossulariae (Meigen)]. Lagenosyrphus Mik, 1897: Wien. ent. Ztg, 16 (2): 64. TS: Syrphus leiophthalmus Schiner et Egger (OD).

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Eristalosyrphus Matsumura, 1918: J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido imp. Univ., 8(1): 15. TS: Eristalosyrphus griseofasciatus Matsumura (OD). Zimaera Hippa, 1968: Acta ent. fenn., 25: 69 (as subgenus of Meligramma). TS: Syrphus euchromus Kowarz (OD). Stackelbergina Violovitsh, 1979: Trudy vses. ent. Obshch., 61: 190. TS: Stackelbergina amicorum Violovitsh (OD), [= leiophthalma (Schiner et Egger)]. Epistrophella Dušek et Láska, 1967: Acta sci. nat. Brno, 1: 138. TS: Syrphus euchromus Kowarz (OD).

40. Epistrophe grossulariae (Meigen, 1822) (Pl. 5B)

Syrphus grossulariae Meigen, 1822: 306. Epistrophe conjugens Walker, 1852: 242. Musca formosus Harris, 1780: 107. Syrphus lesueurii Macquart, 1842: 152. Syrphus melanis Curran, 1922: 96.

Korean record: Epistrophe grossulariae: Kim, CW 1971: 881 (redescrip., first Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 381 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 100 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 39 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 40 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 12.6‒13.9 mm. Male. Head almost brownish yellow; vertical triangle shiny black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose marginally; lunule dark brown; frons yellow with yellow brown pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown with pale pruinose entirely; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum with grayish longitudinal stripe on submedial portion; scutellum brownish yellow with yellow hairs but black hairs posteriorly. Wing hyaline with entirely microtrichose. Legs entirely yellow brown except black for all basal femur and apical pat of hind tibia to tarsus. Abdomen oval, black background color with black and yellow hair mixed; tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown triangular spot; tergite 3 and 4 with yellow brown band attached anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: GG: Uiwang-si, Cheonggye-dong, Cheonggyesan, 7. V. 2000, DS Choi et al., 4♂1♀. GW: Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Jeombongsan, 18. V. 1997, HY Han et al., 2♂.

Distribution: Holarctic Region [PA, NE].

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Biology: Okuno (1967) and Minamikawa & Fukuhara (1964) recorded the species as a predator of Acyrthosiphon pisum and Myzus persicae. In Europe, this species recorded as a predator of aphids on Acer pseudoplatanus (Rotheray, 1993).

Korea: GG, GW.

41. Epistrophe nigroepistomata Shiraki and Edashige, 1953

Epistrophe nigroepistomata Shiraki and Edashige, 1953: 99.

Korean record: Epistrophe nigroepistomata: Kim, JI & Kim, CW 1972: 9 (new Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 381 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 101 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 39 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 41 (Korean check.).

Distribution: Korea?, Japan (Shikoku) [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Kim & Kim (1972).

42. Epistrophe nitidicollis (Meigen, 1822) (Pl. 5C)

Syrphus nitidicollis Meigen, 1822: 308. Stenosyrphus hunteri Curran, 1925: 171. Syrphus protritus Osten Sacken, 1877: 328.

Korean record: Syrphus nitidicollis: Ku 1968: 35 (Myeongjisan, first Korean record); Han et al. 1998b: 101 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 40 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 41 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 10.0‒12.6 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle subshiny black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose marginally; lunule brown; frons yellow brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; antenna scape and pedicel yellow brown with black setulae; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny blackish gray with entirely yellowish hairs; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except black coxae and trochanters. Abdomen oval, black

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background color with black and yellow hair mixed; tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown triangular spot; tergite 3 and 4 with yellow brown band attached anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Cheongwon-gun, Hyeondo-myeon, Jugam-ri, Jugam Service Area, 12. v. 2000, DS Choi et al., 1♀. GG: Gwangju-si, Opo-myeon, Mr. Baengmasan, 5. v. 2001, CH Park et al., 1♂1♀; Uiwang-si, Cheonggye-dong, Mt. Cheonggyesan, 7. v. 2000, DS Choi et al., 1♂. GW: Hongcheon-gun, Nae- myeon, Mt. Baekamsan, 19. v. 2002, HW Byun et al., 1♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, Daehan-dong, 8. ix. 1996, HY Han & HW Byun, 1♂; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 3. v. 2000, CH Park, W Byun, 1♀; ditto, 6. vi. 1997, HY Han et al., 2♂; ditto, 15. v. 1996, HW Byun, 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 4. vi. 2000, DS Choi et al., 1♂.

Distribution: Holarctic Region [PA, NE].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: CB, GG, GW.

43. Epistrophe omogensis Shiraki and Edashige, 1953

Epistrophe omogensis Shiraki and Edashige, 1953: 101.

Korean record: Epistrophe omogensis: Kim, JI & Kim, CW 1972: 9 (new Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 381 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 101 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 40 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 41 (Korean check.). Meliscaeva omogensis: ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.).

Distribution: Korea?, Japan (Shikoku) [PA].

Biology: Okuno (1967), Minamikawa and Fukuhara (1964) recorded the species as a predator of Acyrthosiphon pisum and Myzus persicae.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Kim & Kim (1972).

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Genus Episyrphus Matsumura and Adachi, 1917

Episyrphus Matsumura et Adachi, 1917: Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 2 (4): 134 (in key); Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 3 (1): 16. TS: Episyrphus fallaciosus Matsumura (MO), [= balteatus (de Geer)]. Musca balteata de Geer 1776: 116 (subsequent designation as type by Matsumura and Adachi, 1917)

44. Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer, 1776) (Pls. 5D, E, F)

Musca balteata De Geer, 1776: 116. Episyrphus fallaciosus Matsumura, 1917: 18. Episyrphus hirayamae Matsumura, 1918: 12. Musca alternata Schrank, 1781: 448. Musca cannabina Scopoli, 1763: 344. Musca elegans Villers, 1789: 464. Musca nectarina Gmelin, 1790: 2876. Musca palustris Scopoli, 1763: 345. Musca scitule Harris, 1780: 111. Musca scitulus Harris, 1780: 105. Syrphus andalusiacus Strobl, 1899: 145. Syrphus cretensis Becker, 1921: 52. Syrphus nectareus Fabricius, 1787: 341. Syrphus pleuralis Thomson, 1869: 497. Syrphus proximus Abreu, 1924: 40. Syrphus signatus Abreu, 1924: 41.

Korean record: Episyrphus balteatus: Matsumura & Adachi 1917b: 16 (redescrip., first Korean record); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 101 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 41 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 41 (Korean check.). Episyrphus balteata: Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.). Epistrophe balteata: Kim, CW 1971: 879 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 268 (distr. Map). Allograpta balteata: Kim, JI 1980: 382 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.). Syrphus balteata: Okada 1941: 262 (Korean record). Syrphus balteatus: ZSK 1968: 180 (Korean check.). Epistrophe fallacius: Kim, CW 1971: 881 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 271 (distr. Map); Kim, JI 1980: 381 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.).

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Description: Body length 7.2‒12.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely dark brown with brown pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose and black pilose marginally; lunule shiny dark brown; frons yellow brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny bluish gray with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with long black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except dark brown coxae and trochanters, apical 1/2 of hind femur, apical 1/3 of hind tibia. Abdomen yellow brown ground color; tergite 2‒4 with a pair of black band anterior and posterior margins. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Boeun-gun, Naesongni-myeon, Mt. Songnisan, Sanae-ri, 20. vii. 2007, DS Choi, 2♀; Chungju-si, Jongmin-dong, Mt. Gyemyeongsan, 30. vii. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Yeongdong- gun, Sangchon-myeon, Mulhan-ri, 9. vii. 2016, DS Choi, 2♂. CN: Daejeon, Dong-gu, Secheon-dong, Secheon Reservoir, 12. vi. 2011, DS Choi, 1♀; Gongju-si, Gyeryong-myeon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Gapsa, 1.x.2000, DS Choi & SK Kim, 1♂4♀. GB: Andong-si, Gilan-myeon, Gyemyeongsan Recreational Forest, 7. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂; Cheongsong-gun, Budong-myeon, Mt. Juwangsan, 10. ix. 2006, DS Choi, 1♂2♀; Sangju-si, Euncheok-myeon, Seongjubong Recrational Forest, 7. ix. 2013, DS Choi, 2♀; Yeongju-si, Punggi- eup, Mt. Sobaeksan, Yeonhwabong, 16. viii. 2016, 1♂; Uljin-gun, Hupo-myeon, Samyul reservoir, 18. vii. 2008, DS Choi, 2♂1♀; Yeongcheon-si, Hwasan-myeon, Yeonjeong-ri, Yeonji Reservoir, 22. vii. 2011, DS Choi, 4♂. GN: Busan, Gangseo-gu, Seongbuk-dong, Is. Gadeokdo, 25. iv. 2011, DS Choi, 2♂; Hadong- gun, Hoengcheon-myeon, Mt. Jeongansan, 4. vii. 2009, DS Choi, 1♀. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, 19. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Paju-si, Jeokseong-myeon, Seolma-ri, Mt. Gamaksan, 1. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 3♂; Yeoju-gun, Yeoju-eup, Sinjin-ri, Namhangang river side, 12. x. 2002, DS Choi & MH Lim, 1♀. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Hoengseong-gun, Gangrim-myeon, Bugok Reservoir, 27. vi. 2015, DS Choi, 1♀; ditto, Taejongdae, 27. vi. 2015, DS Choi, 1♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 3. ix. 2000, SK Kim et al., 1♂; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 21. viii. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♂1♀; Inje-gun, Nam-myeon, Sangsunae-ri, 18. vii. 2015, DS Choi, 1♂; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong- ri to 1,119 m peak, 3. x. 2005, HY Han et al., 1♀; Taebaek-si, Mt. Taebaeksan, from Yuilsa to 1,560 m peak, 12. viii. 2000, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 12. vi. 1998, HW Byun, 1♂; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 13. viii. 2004, OY Lim & HS Lee, 2♂. JB: Imsil-gun, Gwanchon-myeon, Hoebong-ri, Grassland, 1. x. 2016, DS Choi, 1♂1♀; Jangseong-gun, Bukha-myeon, Mt. Naejangsan, Cheongryuam, 21. iv. 2013, DS Choi, 1♀; Jeongeup- si, Ibam-myeon, Mt. Naejangsan, 29. viii. 2000, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Namwon-si, Jucheon-myeon, Yonggung-

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ri, Jangan reservoir, 29. vii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♂; Sunchang-gun, Donggye-myeon, Eochi-ri, Mt. Yonggolsan, 6. vii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♀. JN: Damyang-gun, Subuk-myeon, Ojeong-ri, 17. v. 2007, DS Choi, 2♀; Jangheung- gun, Gwansan-eup, Mt. Cheongwansan, 14. v. 2000, DS Choi et al., 1♂. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eup, Goepyeongi oreum, 2. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Jeju-si, Ildo 2-dong, NH Joint Market, 14. x. 2015, DS Choi, 1♂1♀.

Distribution: Palaearctic, Oriental, Australasian Regions [PA, OR, AU].

Biology: Okuno (1967) and Minamikawa & Fukuhara (1964) recorded the species as a predator of Acyrthosiphon pisum, Amphorophora sambuci, Am. oleraceae, Aphis adivae, Ap. aeglis, Ap. craccivora, Ap. fukii, Ap. glycines, Ap. gossypii, Ap. pomi, Ap. rumicis, Ap. spiraecola, Aulacorthum magnoliae, Au. paederiae, Au. solani, Brevicoryne brassicae, Capitophorus bragii, Ca. fragalifoliae, Ca. hippophaes, Cinara kochi, Ci. laricicola, Dactynotus gobonis, Eriosoma lanigera, Eulachnus piniformosanus, Glyphina onigurumi, Hyalopterus arundinis, Hy. atriplicis, Hy. pruni, Lachnus tropicalis, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae, Macrosiphoniella sanborni, Macrosiphoniella yomogifoliae, Macrosiphum avenaeakebiae, Ma. formosanum, Ma. rosae ibarae, Oregma bambusicola, Periphyllus testudinatus, Prociphilus crataegicola, Pr. oriens, Pseudocerosipha pruni, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rh. nymphae, Rh. padi, Toxoptera aurantii, To. piricola, and To. citricidus.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GW, GG, JB, JN, JJ.

45. Episyrphus nectarinus (Wiedemann, 1830)

Syrphus nectarinus Wiedemann, 1830: 128.

Korean record: Episyrphus nectarinus: Peck 1988: 23 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 103 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 43 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 42 (Korean check.). Asarkina nectarinus: Kim, JI 1980: 379 (Korean check.). Syrphus balteatus nectarinus: Shiraki 1930: 382 (redescrip., presumably first Korean record).

Distribution: China, Korea?, Japan?, Oriental & Australasian Regions [PA, OR, AU].

Biology: Unknown.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Shiraki (1930).

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Genus Eriozona Schiner, 1860

Eriozona Schiner, 1860: Wien. ent. Mschr., 4: 214. TS: Syrphus oestriformis Meigen (OD) [= syrphoides (Fallén)].

46. Eriozona syrphoides (Fallén, 1817) (Pl. 5G)

Scaeva syrphoides Fallén, 1817: 36. Syrphus amplus Walker, 1849: 576. Syrphus oestriformis Meigen, 1822: 315.

Korean record: Eriozona syrphoides: Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus, first Korean record); Han & Choi 2001: 43 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 42 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 14.5‒16.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny black; frons black with white and black pilose mixed; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere black; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense white and black hairs mixed; scutellum black with long dense white hairs. Wing hyaline with dark brown tinge medially; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely black except yellow brown apical 1/5 of femora, basal 1/2 fore and midtibia and tarsi. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with dense black and white hairs; tergite 3 with dense black hairs; tergite 4 with brown and white hairs. Female. No specimens available.

Specimen examined: Korea: GB: Yeongju-si, Sunheung-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, 27. viii. 2001, DS Choi et al., 1♂. GW: Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 15. vii. 2010, SW Suk et al, 1♂; ditto, 23. vi. 2005, DS Choi et al., 1♂; ditto, 20. vi. 1999, DS Choi & SK Kim, 1♂; Jeongseon-gun, Jeongseon-eup, Mt. Gariwangsan, 24. viii. 2001, HY Han & KE Ro, 2♂; Wonju-si, Panbu- myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 15. viii. 2003, HW Byun, 1♂; ditto, 11. vii. 1999, DS Choi, 2♂; ditto, 19. vi. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♂; ditto, 22. v. 1998, HY Han & DS Choi, 9♂.

Distribution: Europe, Russia to Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: In Czechoslovakia, Kula (1983) recorded the species as a predator of Cinara pinaea (Panz.).

Korea: GB, GW.

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Genus Ischyrosyrphus Bigot, 1882

Ischyrosyrphus Bigot, 1882: Annls Soc. ent. Fr., (6) 2, Bull.: LⅩVIII. TS: Ischyrosyrphus sivae Bigot (des. Kirby, 1883: Zool. Rec., 12: 244). Karasyrphus Matsumura, 1918: J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido imp. Univ., 8: 9. TS: Chamaesyrphus miyakei Matsumura (OD) [= glaucius (Lainnaeus)].

47. Ischyrosyrphus glaucius (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pl. 5H)

Musca glaucius Linnaeus, 1758: 593. Chamaesyrphus miyakae Matsumura, 1911: 77. Ischyrosyrphus vernalis Suster, 1959: 155. Musca depressa Swederus, 1787: 287. Scaeva elegans Gravenhorst, 1807: 374. Syrphus leucozonus Germar, 1825: 25. Syrphus nobilis Meigen, 1822: 316.

Korean record: Ischyrosyrphus glaucius: ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 103 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 45 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 42 (Korean check.). Ischirosyrphus glaucius [misspelling]: Kim, CW & Nam 1982b: 130 (Gyebangsan, Sogyebangsan & Gachilbong, first Korean record).

Description: Body length 11.5‒12.8 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny black; frons black with black and yellow brown pilose mixed; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere and arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny dust gray with a pair of silver gray longitudinal strips; scutellum yellow brown with dense pilose. Wing hyaline with brown tinge except cell SC apically; halter yellow brown. Legs: coxae and trochanters black; fore and midfemur basal 1/2 black with apical 1/2 yellow brown; hind femur basal 4/5 black with apical 1/5 yellow brown; tibiae and tarsi entirely yellow brown. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of sky-blue lateral spot; tergite 3 and 4 each with sky-blue band attached anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: GW: Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, 21. vii. 1981, MR Kim, 1♀; ditto, SH Nam, 1♀; ditto, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 12. viii. 2003, HW Byun et al., 2♀; ditto,

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12. viii. 1997, HY Han et al., 3♀; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 21. viii. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♀; ditto, 7. viii. 2008, HS Lee et al., 1♀; Pyeongchang-gun, Jinbu-myeon, Mt. Odaesan, from Woljeongsa to Birobong (1,563 m) peak, 28. vii. 2004, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Pyeongchang-gun, Yongpyeong-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, S. Valley, 12. viii. 1997, HY Han et al., 1♀.

Distribution: Europe, Russia, Mongolia, Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: Rotheray (1993) recorded the species is associated with ground layer aphids.

Korea: GW.

48. Ischyrosyrphus laternarius (Müller, 1776) (Pls. 5I, J)

Musca laternarius Müller, 1776: 174. Karasyrphus sachalinensis Matsumura, 1918: 10. Scaeva mutata Zetterstedt, 1849: 3140. Scaeva nyctheinera Gravenhorst, 1807: 374.

Korean record: Ischyrosyrphus laternarius: Doi 1938a: 9 (Korean check., presumably first Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 103 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 45 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 42 (Korean check.). Isehisyrphus laternarius [misspelling]: ZSK 1968: 179 (Korean check.). Leucozona laternarius: Kim, JI 1980: 379 (Korean check.). Syrphus laternarius: Kim, CW 1971: 850 (redescrip.).

Description: Body length 10.8‒12.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white and black pilose mixed; lunule shiny black; frons black with black pilose; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere with pubescence; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny bluish gray with yellow brown and black pilose mixed; scutellum with yellow brown pilose. Wing hyaline with brown tinge except cell SC apically; halter with dark brown stem and yellow brown knob. Legs almost entirely black except brown apical 1/5 of fore and midfemur, basal 1/3 of fore and midtibia. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2‒4 each with a pair of silver gray spot; spots on tergite 2 larger than tergite 3 and 4. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; tergite 2 with a pair of ivory reticular spots laterally.

Specimen examined: Korea: GW: Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 23. vii. 2008, HS Lee et al., 1♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong

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to 1,577 m peak, 9. viii. 2006, HW Byun et al., 2♂; ditto, 5. viii. 2005, DS Choi et al., 1♂2♀; ditto, 12. viii. 2003, HW Byun et al., 5♂2♀; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 7. viii. 2008, HS Lee et al., 1♀; ditto, 4. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 4♂1♀; Jeongseon-gun, Gohan-eup, Mt. Hambaeksan, 14. viii. 2010, DS Choi, 2♀; Pyeongchang-gun, Jinbu-myeon, Mt. Odaesan, from Woljeongsa to Birobong (1,563 m) peak, 27. vii. 2004, DS Choi et al., 5♂; ditto, from Bukdaesa to Sangwangbong (1,491 m) peak, 20. vii. 2004, DS Choi & HW Byun, 2♂1♀.

Distribution: Widespread in Palaearctic Region [PA].

Biology: Rotheray (1993) recorded the species is associated with Caveriella aphids on umbellifers.

Korea: GW.

Genus Leucozona Schiner, 1860

Leucozona Schiner, 1960: Wien. ent. Mschr., 4: 214. TS: Musca lucorum Linnaeus (OD), [For discussion of nomenclature problems see Wirth et al., 1965: 563].

49. Leucozona lucorum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pls. 5K, L)

Musca lucorum Linnaeus, 1758: 592. Conops praecinctus Scopoli, 1763: 357. Leucozona americana Curran, 1923: 38. Leucozona differens Frey, 1946: 158. Leucozona nigripila Mik, 1888: 140. Syrphus asiliformis Fabricius, 1781: 306.

Korean record: Leucozona lucorum: Doi 1938a: 9 (Korean check., presumably first Korean record); ZSK 1968: 179 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 844 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 104 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 46 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 43 (Korean check.). Leucozona leucorum [misspelling]: Kim, JI 1980: 379 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 10.8‒12.2 mm. Male. Head: vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with longditudinal black strip anteriorly, lower portion distinctly protrude; lunule shiny black; frons black with black pilose; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with

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black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny gray brown with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with long dense yellow brown pilose. Wing hyaline with dark brown tinge medially; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely black except dark brown basal 1/3 of tibiae. Abdomen: tergite 2 white with longitudinal black strip medially, dense white pilose; tergite 3 black with a pair of wihte band attached anterior margin, black pilose; tergite 4 black with black pilose. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; scutum with dense white pilose laterally.

Specimen examined: Korea: GW: Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gachilbong, from Sambongyaksu to 1,240 m peak, 5. vi. 2000, DS Choi, 1♀; ditto, 25. v. 1996, HY Han & HW Byun, 1♂1♀; Inje-gun, Girin- myeon, Mt. Bangtaesan, 6. vii. 2000, HY Han et al., 1♀; Jeongseon-gun, Gohan-eup, Mt. Hambaeksan, 9. viii. 2000, HY Han et al., 1♀; Pyeongchang-gun, Jinbu-myeon, Mt. Odaesan, from Bukdaesa to Sangwangbong (1,491 m) peak, 17. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂1♀.

Distribution: Widespread in Holarctic Region [PA, NE].

Biology: In UK, this species recorded as a predator of aphids (Rotheray and Gilbert, 1989).

Korea: GW.

Genus Melangyna Verrall, 1901

Melangyna Verrall, 1901: British flies, 8: 313. TS:Melanostoma quadrimaculata Verrall (OD). Eusyrphus Matsumura, 1917: Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 2 (4): pl. VI, fig. 15; Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 3 (1): 20. TS: Eusyrphus cingulatus Matsumura (OD), [= compositarum (Verrall)]. Mesosyrphus Matsumura et Adachi, 1917: Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 2 (4): 134 (in key); Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 3 (1): 19. TS: Mesosyrphusconstrictus Matsumura (MO). Stenosyrphus Matsumura et Adachi, 1917: Ent. mag., Kyoto, 2 (4): 134 (in key). TS: Stenosyrphus motodomariensis Matsumura (MO) [= barbifrons (Fallén)], Scaeva lasiophthalma Zetterstedt 1843: 735 (invalid later designation as type by Matsumura and Adachi 1917: Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 3 (1): 14). Fagisyrphus Dušek et Láska, 1967: Acta sci. nat. Brno, 1: 369. TS: Scaeva cincta Fallén (OD). Meligramma Frey, 1946: Notul. ent., 25: 165 (as subgenus of Epistrophe Walker). TS: Scaeva guttata Fallén (OD).

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50. Melangyna compositarum (Verrall, 1873) (Pls. 6A, B)

Syrphus compositarum Verrall, 1873: 254. Eusyrphus cingulatus Matsumura, 1917: 21. Stenosyrphus yezoensis Matsumura, 1918: 13.

Korean record: Melangyna compositarum: Han & Choi 2001: 47 (Korean check., first Korean record); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 43 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 6.5‒8.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; central knob shiny black; lunule shiny black; frons entirely black with black pilose; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown; arista black. Thorax: scutum shiny bluish gray with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum shiny pale yellow with long black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except yellow brown cell SC; halter dark brown. Legs almost entirely black except yellow brown basal 1/3 and apical 1/3 of fore and midtibia. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2‒4 each with a pair of yellow brown lateral spot. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; abodominal spots narrower than male.

Specimen examined: Korea: GB: Yeongju-si, Buseok-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, Gungmangbong, 1. v. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♂; Yeongju-si, Sunheung-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, 1. v. 1999, HY Han et al., 2♂. GW: Goseong-gun, Toseong-myeon, Mt. Seoraksan, Hwaamsa Temple, 26. ix. 2002, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 21. ix. 2001, DS Choi, 8♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 26. ix. 1998, DS Choi & SK Kim, 1♀; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 18. v. 1997, DS Choi et al., 2♂1♀; Wonju-si, Gwirae-myeon, from Cheoneunsa to Mt. Sipjabong peak, 15. ix. 1997, HY Han, 1♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 18. iv. 1997, HW Byun & DS Choi, 1♂. JN: Gurye-gun, Gwangui-myeon, Mt. Jirisan, Nogodan, 11. ix. 1998, HY Han & KE Ro, 6♂3♀.

Distribution: Widespread in Holarctic Region [PA, NE].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: GB, GW, JN.

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51. Melangyna lasiophthalma (Zetterstedt, 1843) (Pls. 6C, D)

Scaeva lasiophthalma Zetterstedt, 1843: 735. Epistrophe abruptus Curran, 1924: 80. Mesosyrphus constrictus Matsumura, 1917: 19. Mesosyrphus elongatus Matsumura, 1917: 20. Stenosyrphus columbiae Curran, 1925: 110. Stenosyrphus garretti Curran, 1925: 109. Stenosyrphus nikkoensis Matsumura, 1918: 12. Stenosyrphus saghalinensis Matsumura, 1917: 15. Stenosyrphus vittifacies Curran, 1923: 66. Stenosyrphus yezoensis Matsumura, 1918: 13. Syrphus flavosignatusHull, 1930: 139. Syrphus mentalis Williston, 1887: 72. Syrphus sexquadratus Walker, 1849: 586.

Korean record: Melangyna lasiophthalma: ESK & KSAE 1994: 288 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 104 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 48 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 43 (Korean check.). Melangyna lasiophthalmus: Kim, JI 1980: 389 (Korean check.). Syrphus lasiophthalmus: Doi 1938a: 10 (Korean check., presumably first Korean record); ZSK 1968: 180 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 849 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 6.4‒8.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; central knob shiny black; lunule shiny black; frons entirely black with black pilose; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown; arista black. Thorax: scutum shiny bluish gray with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum shiny pale yellow with long black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except yellow brown cell SC; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely black except yellow brown basal 1/3 and apical 1/3 of fore and midtibia. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2‒4 each with a pair of yellow brown lateral spot. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: GB: Yeongju-si, Sunheung-myeon, Sobaeksan, 24. IV. 2000, DS Choi & SK Kim, 2♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 28. iv. 2000, DS Choi & SK Kim 5♂; Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Taegisan, S. Valley, 13. IV.

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1997, HY Han, 1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 6. VI. 2000, DS Choi & SK Kim, 2♀; Hwacheon-gun, Sanae-myeon, Gwangdeoksan, 19. IV. 1997, HY Han, 1♀; Pyeongchang-gun, Jinbu-myeon, Odaesan, Jogyegol, 27. IV. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu- myeon, Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 30. IV. 1999, HY Han & KE Ro, 1♀.

Distribution: Europe, Russia, Mongolia, Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: GB, GW.

Genus Meliscaeva Frey, 1946

Meliscaeva Frey, 1946: Notul. ent., 25: 164 (as subgenus of Epistrophe Walker). TS: Scaeva cinctella Zetterstedt (OD).

52. Meliscaeva cinctella (Zetterstedt, 1843) (Pls. 6E, F)

Scaeva cinctella Zetterstedt, 1843: 742. Syrphus diversipes Macquart, 1850: 459. Syrphus formosana Shiraki, 1930: 388.

Korean record: Meliscaeva cinctella: ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 105 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 49 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 230 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 44 (Korean check.). Epistrophe cinctella: Kim, CW 1971: 880 (redescrip., first Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 270 (distr. Map); Kim, JI 1980: 381 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 9.8‒11.5 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely dark brown with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny black; frons yellow brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity longer than vertical triangle; antenna scape yellow brown with black setulae; pedicel brown with black setulae, dark brown dorsally; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum shiny yellow brown with long black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs: fore leg entirely yellow brown except black basal 1/3 of femur; midleg entirely yellow brown except black basal 1/2 of femur; hind leg entirely black except yellow brown basal 1/5 of femur. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown

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triangular lateral spot; tergite 3 and 4 with yellow brown band on anterior half. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; tergite 2 entirely yellow brown with black band posterior margin.

Specimen examined: Korea: GB: Uljin-gun, Onjeong-ri, Mt. Baegamsan, 16. viii. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♂1♀; Yeongdong-gun, Yonghwa-myeon, Minjujisan Recreational Forest, 27. v. 2005, HW Byun, 1♂. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, 19. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♀. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 14. vii. 2003, DS Choi & HW Byun, 1♂1♀; Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 26. viii. 2011, DS Choi, 1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 11. viii. 1999, DS Choi et al., 1♀; ditto, 12. viii. 2003, HW Byun et al., 4♂3♀; Pyeongchang-gun, Bongpyeong- myeon, Mt. Taegisan, 18. vii. 2015, 1♂1♀; Taebaek-si, Mt. Taebaeksan, from Yuilsa to 1,560 m peak, 12. viii. 2000, DS Choi et al., 2♂3♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 2. v. 1999, DS Choi & DW Kim, 1♂; ditto, 2. vi. 2003, DS Choi et al., 10♂2♀. JN: Gurye-gun, Sandong-myeon, Mt. Jirisan, Nogodan (1,507 m), 8. ix. 2006, DS Choi, 1♀. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Aewol-eup, 1,100 goji, 7. viii. 2003, HY Han et al., 1♂.

Distribution: Holarctic, Oriental Regions [PA, NE, OR].

Biology: Larva of this species recorded as a predator of aphids (Láska and Starý, 1980, Rotheray and Gilbert, 1989).

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

Genus Metasyrphus Matsumura, 1917

Metasyrphus Matsumura in Matsumura and Adachi, 1917: Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 2 (4): 134 (in key) and 147. TS: Syrphus corollae Fabricius (OD) Macrosyrphus Matsumura in Matsumura and Adachi, 1917: Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 2 (4): pl. VI, figs 16, 23 (as subgenus of Syrphus Fabricius). TS: Syrphus okinawae Matsumura (subsequent designation by Matsumura and Adachi 1917: 23) [= okinawensis (Matsumura)]. Scaevosyrphus Dušek et Láska, 1967: Acta sci. nat. Brno, 1: 367 (as subgenus of Metasyrphus Matsumura). TS: Syrphus lundbecki Soot-Ryen (OD). Beszella Hippa, 1968: Acta ent. fenn., 25: 36 (as subgenus of Scaeva Fabricius). TS: Scaeva lapponica Zetterstedt (OD). Lapposyrphus Dušek et Láska, 1967: Acta sci. nat. Brno, 1: 367 (as subgenus of Metasyrphus Matsumura). TS: Scaeva lapponica Zettersted (OD).

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Key to species of Metasyrphus from South Korea

1. Abdominal tergite 2 with yellow brown transverse band ············································ M. confrater − Abdominial tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown band ···························································· 2 2. Abdominal tergite 3 with a pair of yellow brown band in male ······································· M. luniger − Abdominal tergite 3 with yellow brown undulate band in male ··················································· 3 3. Lunule shiny dark brown ····················································································· M. nitens − Lunule entirely yellow brown ············································································· M. corollae

53. Metasyrphus confrater (Wiedemann, 1830) (Pl. 6G)

Syrphus confrater Wiedemann, 1830: 120. Syrphus okinawae Matsumura, 1917: 23. Syrphus trilimbatus Bigot, 1884: 86.

Korean record: Metasyrphus confratger: Kim, JI 1980: 380 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 105 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 50 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 44 (Korean check.). Syrphus confrater: Kim, JI & Kim, CW 1972: 9 (new Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 15.8‒17.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny dark brown; frons yellow brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; antenna scape brown and pedicel dark brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except yellow brown cell SC; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except black coxae and trochanters, apical 1/3 of hind femur. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2‒4 each with large yellow brown band anterior 2/3. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Cheongwon-gun, Namseong-myeon, Ingyeongsan, 15. VIII. 1997, HY Han et al., 18. VIII. 2000, SK Kim & CH Park, 1♂. CN: Gongju-si, Banpo-myeon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, from Donghaksa to 755.5 m peak, 18. viii. 2000, SK Kim & CH Park, 1♂. GB: Seongju-gun, Suryun-myeon, Mt. Gayasan, from Baekun-ri to 1,430 m peak, 23. viii. 2007, JS Lim et al., 1♂1♀; Yeongju-si, Punggi-eup,

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Samga-ri, Birosa temple, 16. viii. 2016, DS Choi, 1♀; Yeongju-si, Sunheung-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, 11. vi. 2004, HW Byun et al., 1♂. GW: Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 3. viii. 2007, SW Suk et al., 1♂. JB: Jeongeup-si, Ibam-myeon, Naejangsan, 1. VIII. 1974, SH Nam, 1♂; ditto, 3. VIII. 1974, SH Nam, 1♂. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eup, Mt. Hallasan, 5. viii. 2003, DS Choi & HW Byun, ♂.

Distribution: China, Korea, Japan, Oriental Region to New Guinea [PA, OR, AU].

Biology: Ninomiya (1959a) and Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Pseudoregma bambusicola.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

54. Metasyrphus corollae (Fabricius, 1794) (Pls. 6H, I)

Syrphus corollae Fabricius, 1794: 306. Metasyrphus candidus Matsumura, 1918: 17. Metasyrphus libyensis Nayar, 1978: 539. Musca pyrorum Schrank, 1803: 114. Musca vorax Geoffroy, 1785: 486. Scaeva annularis Curtis, 1837: 252. Scaeva octomaculata Curtis, 1837: 219. Scaeva olitoria Fallén, 1817: 43. Syrphus algirus Macquart, 1849: 469. Syrphus berber Bigot, 1884: 87. Syrphus cognatus Loew, 1858: 378. Syrphus corolloides Macquart, 1850: 460. Syrphus crenatus Macquart, 1829: 243. Syrphus dentatus Walker, 1852: 229. Syrphus disjunctus Macquart, 1842: 148. Syrphus flaviventrisMacquart, 1829: 240. Syrphus fulvifrons Macquart, 1829: 240. Syrphus lacerus Meigen, 1822: 301. Syrphus nigrifemoratus Macquart, 1829: 241. Syrphus terminalis Wiedemann, 1830: 135.

Korean record: Metasyrphus corollae: Okuno 1967: 129 (aphidophagous syrphid list); ZSK 1968: 178 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 852 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 380

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(Korean check.); Ito et al. 1993: 253 (redescrip.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 105 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 51 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 44 (Korean check.). Metasyrphus corellae [misspelling]: Kim, CW 1980: 282 (distr. Map). Metasyrphus collorae [misspelling]: Choi et al. 2000: 143 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus). Syrphus corollae: Shiraki 1930: 370 (redescrip., first Korean record); Doi 1938a: 10 (Korean check.); ZSK 1968: 180 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 8.1‒10.5 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny yellow brown; frons black with black pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow gray with yellow brown pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except yellow brown cell SC; halter yellow brown. Legs entirely yellow brown except black coxae and trochanters, basal 1/2 of fore and midfemur, 2/3 hind femur. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2‒4 with a pair of yellow brown lateral spot; spots of tergite 3 and 4 attached medially. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; spots of tergite 3 and 4 separated.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Yeongdong-gun, Sangchon-myeon, Mulhan-ri, 9. vii. 2016, DS Choi, 2♂. CN: Asan-si, Eumbong-myeon, Ssangyong-ri, 31. v. 2006, HS Lee & SW Suk, 2♂; Cheonan-si, Byeongcheon-myeon, Byeongcheon-ri, Sangnok Resort, 5. xi. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♂; Taean-gun, Gonam- myeon, Janggok-ri, Haebyeonarae beach, 24. v. 2014, 1♀. GB: Andong-si, Giran-myeon, Hwanghaksan, 4. vi. 1978, JH Jo, 1♂; Dalseong-gun, Yuga-myeon, Mt. Biseulsan, 26. v. 2007, DS Choi, 1♀. GN: Busan, Gangseo-gu, Seongbuk-dong, Is. Gadeokdo, 25. iv. 2011, DS Choi, 1♀; Gimhae-si, Daedong-myeon, Suan- ri, 11. v. 2008, DS Choi, 1♂; Jinju-si, Ibanseong-myeon, Daecheon-ri, Gyeongsangnamdo Sumokwon, 27. iv. 2008, 2♀; Tongyeong-si, Hansan-myeon, Bijin-ri, Is. Bijindo, 12. iv. 2007, 4♂1♀; Ulsan-si, Ulju- gun, Sangbuk-myeon, Icheon-ri, 29. ix. 2011, SW Suk et al., 1♀. GW: Goseong-gun, Hyeonnae-myeon, Tongiljeonmangdae, 9. iv. 2007, DS Choi, 3♀; Goseong-gun, Toseong-myeon, Mt. Seoraksan, Hwaamsa Temple, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 22. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 7♂7♀; ditto, 5. vi. 1999, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Wonju-si, Heungeop- myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 20. iv. 2004, HW Byun, 1♂1♀. JB: Imsil-gun, Gwanchon-myeon, Hoebong-ri, Grassland, 1. x. 2016, 2♀; Muju-gun, Mujugucheondong, 11. vi. 1972, JI Kim, 1♂; Sunchang- gun, Gurim-myeon, Woljeong-ri, 11. v. 2007, DS Choi, 1♀. JN: Boseong-gun, Gyeombaek-myeon, near Wonsunammaeul, 5. vi. 2010, JC Jeong, 1♂; Jangheung-gun, Gwansan-eup, Mt. Cheongwansan, 14. v. 2000, DS Choi et al., 2♂5♀. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Aewol-eup, 1,100 goji, 25. vi. 2003, HY Han et al., 1♂; Bukjeju-gun,

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Jocheon-eup, Mt. Hallasan, 26. vi. 2003, DS Choi et al., 2♂1♀.

Distribution: Palaearctic, Oriental, Australasian Regions [PA, OR, AU].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Acryrthosiphon pisum, Amphorophora oleraceae, Aphis craccivora, Ap. glycines, Ap. gossypii, Ap. pomi, Aulacorthum solani, Brevicorvne brassicae, Capitophorus formosanus, Ca. hippophaes, Hyalopterus atriplicis, Hy. pruni, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae, Macrosiphoniella sanborni, Ma. rosae ibarae, Ma. formosanum, Megoura viciae japonica, Myzus persicae, Periphyllus testudinatus, Rhopalosiphum maidis, and Toxoptera citricidus.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

55. Metasyrphus luniger (Meigen, 1822) (Pl. 6J)

Syrphus luniger Meigen, 1822: 300. Metasyrphus astutus Fluke, 1952: 15. Metasyrphus vockerothi Fluke, 1952: 17. Syrphus azureus Szilady, 1940: 63. Syrphus maricolor Enderlein, 1938: 210. Syrphus transcendens Szilady, 1940: 62.

Korean record: Metasyrphus luniger: Kim, JI 1980: 380 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 107 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 53 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 45 (Korean check.). Syrphus luniger: Kim, JI & Kim, CW 1972: 10 (new Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 7.8‒8.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny brown; frons black with black pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow gray with yellow brown pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except yellow brown cell SC; halter yellow brown. Legs entirely yellow brown except black coxae and trochanters, basal 1/2 of fore and midfemur, 2/3 hind femur. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2‒4 with a pair of yellow brown lateral spot. Female. No specimens available.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Jecheon-si, Songgye-ri, Jeolgol, 10. v. 1997, HY Han et al., 10. v. 1997,

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1♂. GW: Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gachilbong, 25. v. 1996, KJ Lee, 1♂, Wonju-si, Heungeop- myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 5. v. 1999, SK Kim & CH Park, 1♂.

Distribution: Holarctic, Oriental Regions [PA, NE, OR].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of aphids.

Korea: CB, GW.

56. Metasyrphus nitens (Zetterstedt, 1843) (Pl. 6K)

Scaeva nitens Zetterstedt, 1843: 712. Syrphus abbreviatus Kanervo, 1934: 127. Syrphus bisinuatus Palma, 1864: 53. Syrphus errans Kanervo, 1934: 128.

Korean record: Metasyrphus nitens: Okuno 1967: 129 (aphidophagous syrphid list); Kim, CW 1971: 852 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 283 (distr. Map); Kim, JI 1980: 381 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 36 (Palaearctic cat.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 107 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 54 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 45 (Korean check.). Syrphus nitens: Shiraki 1930: 365 (redescrip., first Korean record). Metasyrphus frequens: ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 11.2‒13.8 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny brown; frons yellow brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense long yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except yellow brown cell SC; halter yellow brown. Legs entirely yellow brown except black coxae and trochanters, basal 1/3 of fore and midfemur, 1/2 hind femur. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown lateral spot; tergite 3 and 4 with yellow brown undulate band attached anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; spots of tergite 3 and 4 separated.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Jecheon-si, Bongyang-eup, near Guhak Station, 5. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Yeongdong-gun, Sangchon-myeon, Mulhan-ri, 9. vii. 2016, 1♂. CN: Taean-gun, Gonam-myeon,

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Janggok-ri, Haebyeonarae beach, 24. v. 2014, DS Choi, 1♂2♀. GB: Andong-si, Gilan-myeon, Gyemyeongsan Recreational Forest, 7. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂; Yeongju-si, Buseok-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, Gungmangbong, 10. ix. 2005, HS Lee et al., 1♂; Yeongju-si, Punggi-eup, Mt. Sobaeksan, Yeonhwabong, 16. viii. 2016, 4♂. GN: Busan, Gangseo-gu, Seongbuk-dong, Is. Gadeokdo, 25. iv. 2011, DS Choi, 2♂. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, 19. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 2♂; Hongcheon- gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gachilbong, from Sambongyaksu to 1,240 m peak, 2. v. 2003, HY Han & KE Ro, 2♂1♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 12. vi. 1998, HW Byun, 1♂; ditto, 13. iv. 2005, HW Byun, 1♂. JB: Gimje-si, Hwangsan-dong, Munsusa Temple, 17. vi. 2011, DS Choi, 1♂1♀. JN: Damyang-gun, Subuk-myeon, Ojeong-ri, 17. v. 2007, DS Choi, 1♂1♀; Jangheung-gun, Gwansan-eup, Mt. Cheongwansan, 14. v. 2000, DS Choi et al., 6♂.

Distribution: Widespread in Europe and Russia to Afghanistan, Mongolia, Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aulacorthum solani, Myzus persicae.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

Genus Parasyrphus Matsumura, 1917

Parasyrphus Matsumura in Matsumura and Adachi, 1917: Ent. Mag., Kyoto, 2 (4): pl. VI, fig. 19 (as subgenus of Syrphus Fabricius). TS: Syrphus aeneostoma Matsumura (MO). Phalacrodira Enderlein, 1938: Sber. Ges. naturf. Freunde Berl., 1937 (4-7): 205. TS: Scaeva tarsata Zetterstedt (OD).

57. Parasyrphus annulatus (Zetterstedt, 1838) (Pl. 6L)

Scaeva annulata Zetterstedt, 1838: 604. Scaeva unifasciata Zetterstedt, 1838: 603. Syrphus sinuatus Palma, 1864: 51. Syrphus zetterstedti Verhoeff, 1891: 360.

Korean record: Parasyrphus annulatus: Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 108 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 58 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 45 (Korean check.).

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Description: Body length 7.5‒8.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with longditudinal black strip anteriorly; lunule shiny black; frons shiny black with black pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel black with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except yellow brown cell SC; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely black except brown apical 1/5 of fore and midfemur, basal 1/3 of fore and midtibia. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown lateral spot; tergite 3 and 4 with yellow brown undulate band near anterior margin. Female. No specimens available.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Chungju-si, Hansu-myeon, Mt. Woraksan, Songgye-ri, 10. v. 2005, DS Choi et al., 5♂; Jecheon-si, Baegun-myeon, Odu-ri, 5. v. 1996, HY Han & HW Byun, 1♂. GB: Bonghwa- gun, Murya-myeon, Mt. Seondalsan, from Ojeon-ri to 1,236 m peak, 4. v. 1998, HY Han et al., 5♂; Yeongju- si, Sunheung-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, 9. v. 2003, DS Choi & JS Soh, 1♂. GN: Tongyeong-si, Hansan- myeon, Bijin-ri, Is. Bijindo, 12, iv. 2007, DS Choi, 1♂; Ulju-gun, Samnam-myeon, Mt. Sinbulsan, 1. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, Ikgeun-ri, 22. iv. 2001, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Gwangju-si, Chowol-myeon, Mt. Mugapsan, 5. v. 2001, DS Choi & DJ Cha, 9♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 25. iv. 2004, HW Byun et al., 3♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gachilbong, from Sambongyaksu to 1,240 m peak, 8. v. 2006, DS Choi et al., 7♂; Samcheok-si, Dogye-eup, Dogye-ri, Amisa, 26. iv. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 16. v. 2006, JS Lim, 2♂; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 4.vi.2000, DS Choi et al., 1♂. JN: Jangheung-gun, Gwansan- eup, Mt. Cheongwansan, 14. v. 2000, DS Choi et al., 3♂; Jangseon-gun, Bukha-myeon, Mt. Naejangsan, Cheongryuam Temple, 11. v. 2013, DS Choi, 1♂.

Distribution: Europe, Russia, East Asia (Mongolia, Korea, Japan) [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

Genus Scaeva Fabricius, 1805

Scaeva Fabricius, 1805: Syst. antl.: 248. TS: Musca pyrastri Linnaeus Lasiopthicus Rondani, 1845: Nuovi Ann. Sci. nat. Ist. Bologna, (2): 459. TS: Musca pyrastri Linnaeus (OD). Catabomba Osten Sacken, 1877: Bull. U.S. geol. geogr. Surv. Ter., 3: 326. TS: Musca pyrastri Linnaeus (MO).

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58. Scaeva komabensis (Matsumura, 1918) (Pl. 7A)

Metasyrphus komabensis Matsumura, 1918: 21.

Korean record: Scaeva komabensis: Han & Choi 2001: 59 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 46 (Korean check.). Lasiopticus komabensis: Doi 1938a: 9 (Korean check., presumably first Korean record); ZSK 1968: 179 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 882 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 380 (Korean check.). Metasyrphus komabensis [error]: ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 106 (Korean cat.).

Description: Body length 13.2‒15.0 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with black pilose; lunule shiny dark brown; frons brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel dark brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense yellow brown and black pilose mixed; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except yellow brown cell SC; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely black except dark brown apical 1/3 of fore and midfemur, fore and midtibia, apical 1/7 of fore femur, apical 1/3 and basal 1/3 of hind tibia. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2‒4 each with a pair of yellow brown band; bands of tergite 3 and 4 with lunulate shape. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: GB: Sangju-si, Hwabuk-myeon, Mt. Songnisan, Munjangdae (1,034 m), 6. x. 2007, DS Choi, 1♀. GN: Sancheong-gun, Samjang-myeon, Daewonsa, Yupyeongmaeul, 8. x. 2009, DS Choi, 1♂. GG: Suwon-si, Seodun-dong, Mt. Yeogisan, 23. v. 2001, HW Byun, 1♀. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae- myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 15. viii. 2001, DS Choi et al., 1♂1♀; Hongcheon- gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 9. viii. 2006, HW Byun et al., 1♀; Jeongseon-gun, Gohan-eup, Mt. Hambaeksan, 9. viii. 2000, HY Han et al., 31♂11♀; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 18. viii. 2001, DS Choi et al, 3♂10♀; Pyeongchang-gun, Jinbu-myeon, Mt. Odaesan, from Bukdaesa to Sangwangbong (1,491 m) peak, 20. vii. 2004, DS Choi & HW Byun, 2♂1♀; Taebaek-si, Mt. Taebaeksan, from Yuilsa to 1,560 m peak, 12. viii. 2000, 1♂; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 18. ix. 2000, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Yangyang-gun, Seo-myeon, Mt. Seoraksan, Hangyeryeong to 1,708 m peak, HW Byun & OY Lim, 11♂.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk and Primorye Territory), Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: Nawa (1917b) and Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of aphids.

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Korea: GB, GN, GG, GW.

59. Scaeva pyrastri (Linnaeus. 1758) (Pl. 7B)

Musca pyrastri Linnaeus, 1758: 594. Musca mellina Harris, 1780: 30. Scaeva affinisSay, 1823: 93. Scaeva corrusca Gravenhorst, 1807: 375. Scaeva unicolor Curtis, 1834: 509. Syrphus flavoscutellatusGirschner, 1884: 197.

Korean record: Scaeva pyrastri: Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus, first Korean record); Han et al. 1998b: 108 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 60 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 46 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 13.5‒15.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with black pilose; lunule shiny brown; frons brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity longer than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel dark brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with dense yellow brown and black pilose mixed; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear except yellow brown cell SC; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely black except dark brown apical 1/3 of fore and midfemur, fore and midtibia, apical 1/7 of fore femur, apical 1/3 and basal 1/3 of hind tibia. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2‒4 each with a pair of yellow brown band; bands of tergite 3 and 4 with hook shape. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: GB: Mungyeong-si, Jeosuryeong, 18. v. 2001. HW Byun, 1♂. GG: Suwon- si, Seodun-dong, Mt. Yeogisan, 24. v. 2001, HW Byun, 1♂. GW: Pyeongchang-gun, Bangnim-myeon, Mt. Baekdeoksan, Ungyo-ri, 2. vi. 2001, 2♂2♀; Taebaek-si, Mt. Taebaeksan, Yuilsa, 12. vii. 2008, DS Choi et al., 2♂; Wonju-si, Gwirae-myeon, Unnam-dong, Gwirae Elem. School, 8. xi. 1998, 1♂; ditto, 22. xi. 1997, 5♂2♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 28. iii. 2005, DS Choi & SMR Hwang, HW Byun, 1♀; ditto, 27. iii. 2004, OY Lim, 2♀; ditto, HS Lee, 26. iii. 2004, 1♀; ditto, 16. iii. 2002, HW Byun, 1♀; ditto, 16. iv. 2001, CH Park & OY Lim, 1♀; ditto, 8. iv. 2001, DS Choi et al, 2♀; ditto, 5. iv. 2001,

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CH Park, 2♀; ditto, 4. iv. 2001, DS Choi & DS Kang, 1♀; ditto, 1. iv. 2001, CH Park & DS Kang, 2♀; ditto, 24. iii. 2001, CH Park & OY Lim, 4♀; ditto, 21. iii. 2001, DS Choi & DS Kang, 4♀; ditto, 19. xi. 2001, CH Park & OY Lim, 4♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 27. v. 2001, HY Han, 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Seogok-ri, Yongsugol, 14. ix. 1996, TJ Kim, 1♀; Yeongwol- gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Sambangsan, Jongbu-ri, 20. v. 2001, DS Choi et al., 2♂.

Distribution: Holarctic Region [PA, NE].

Biology: Torp (1994) recorded the species as a predator more than twenty species of aphids.

Korea: GB, GG, GW.

Genus Sphaerophoria Lepeletier and Serville, 1828

Sphaerophoria Le Peletier et Serville in Latreille et al., 1828: Encycl. méth. hist. nat., 10 (2): 513 (as subgenus of Syrphus Fabricius). TS: Musca scripta Linnaeus (des. Rondani, 1845: Nuovi Ann. Sci. nat. Ist. Bologna, 2 (2): 458). Melitrophus Haliday in Walker, 1856: Ins. Brit., Dipt., 3: XXI, as new name for Melithreptus Loew, a junior homonym of Melithrepus Vieillot. Melithreptus Loew, 1840: Öffentl. Prüf. Schüler K. Friedrich-Wilhelms-Gymnasiums zu Posen, 1840: 27 and Isis (Oken's), 1840 (VII-VIII): 577, unjustified new name forSphaerophoria Le Peletier et Serville. Nesosyrphus Frey, 1945: Commentat. biol., 8 (10): 60 (as subgenus of Sphaerophoria Le Peletier et Serville). TS: Sphaerophoria nigra Frey (OD).

60. Sphaerophoria bengalensis Macquart, 1842

Sphaerophoria bengalensis Macquart, 1842: 104. Sphaerophoria flavobdominalisBrunetti, 1915: 214. Sphaerophoria turkmenica Bankowska, 1964: 345.

Korean record: Sphaerophoria bengalensis: Peck 1988: 42 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 109 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 61 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 46 (Korean check.).

Distribution: Iran, China, Korea, Japan, Oriental Region [PA, OR].

Biology: Unknown.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Peck (1988).

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61. Sphaerophoria chongjini Bańkowska, 1964

Sphaerophoria chongjini Bańkowska, 1964: 347.

Korean record: Sphaerophoria chongjini: Bańkowska 1964: 347 (orig. desc., first Korean record); Kim, JI 1980: 381 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 109 (Palaearctic cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 62 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 46 (Korean check.).

Distribution: From Netherlands & Russia to Korea [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Bańkowska (1964).

62. Sphaerophoria indiana Bigot, 1884

Sphaerophoria indiana Bigot, 1884: 99. Melithreptus diminutus Matsumura, 1916: 27. Melithreptus kumamotensis Matsumura, 1916: 26. Sphaerophoria nigritarsis Brunetti, 1915: 216.

Korean record: Sphaerophoria indiana: Peck 1988: 42 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 110 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 62 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 47 (Korean check.).

Distribution: Central and Eastern Palaearctic to Oriental Regions [PA, OR].

Biology: Unknown.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Peck (1988).

63. Sphaerophoria macrogaster (Thomson, 1869)

Syrphus macrogaster Thomson, 1869: 501. Melithreptus hirayamae Matsumura, 1916: 25. Melithreptus shibatensis Matsumura, 1916: 26. Melithreptus takasagensis Matsumura, 1916: 24. Mesograpta pallida Bigot, 1884: 115.

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Mesograpta quinquevittata Bigot, 1884: 115. Sphaerophoria kerteszi Klocker, 1924: 56. Sphaerophoria koreana Bańkowska, 1964: 339. Sphaerophoria poonaensis Joseph, 1967: 79.

Korean record: Sphaerophoria macrogaster: Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Knutson et al. 1975: 318 (Orient. cat.); Kim, JI 1980: 381 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 43 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 110 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 62 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 47 (Korean check.). Sphaerophoria koreana: Bańkowska 1964: 339 (orig. desc., first Korean record).

Distribution: Eastern Palaearctic to Oriental Region, New Guinea, Australia, New Caledonia [PA, OR, AU].

Biology: Unknown.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Bańkowska (1964).

64. Sphaerophoria menthastri (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pl. 7C)

Musca menthastri Linnaeus, 1758: 594. Conops gemmatus Scopoli, 1763: 356. Sphaerophoria abbreviata Zetterstedt, 1859: 6007. Syrphus melissae Meigen, 1822: 326. Syrphus pictus Meigen, 1822: 326.

Korean record: Sphaerophoria mentahstri: Doi 1938a: 9 (Korean check.); ZSK 1968: 180 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 842 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 381 (Korean check.); Peck 1988: 43 (Palaearctic cat.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 111 (Korean cat.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 47 (Korean check.). Sphaerophoria cylindrica [misidentification]: Shiraki 1930: 395 (redescrip., presumably first Korean record); Matsumura 1931: 350 (redescrip.); Okuno 1967: 131 (aphidophagous syrphid list); ZSK 1968: 180 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1971: 840 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 39 (Korean check.); Kim, CW 1980: 290 (distr. Map); Kim, JI 1980: 381 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.). Sphaerophoria contigua [misidentification]: Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 109 (Korean cat.).

Description: Body length 5.5‒6.8 mm.

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Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with yellow brown pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny black; frons yellow brown with brown pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel yellow brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere yellow brown with dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with a pair of longitudinal bands laterally; postpronotum yellow brown; scutellum yellow brown with pale yellow pilose. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except dark brown hind tibia. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2‒4 each yellow brown transverse band. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Chungju-si, Jongmin-dong, Mt. Gyemyeongsan, 30. vii. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Jecheon-si, Bongyang-eup, near Guhak Station, 5. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂. CN: Boryeong-si, Cheongla-myeon, Mt. Oseosan, 20. vii. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♀; Daejeon, Dong-gu, Secheon-dong, Secheon Reservoir, 12. vi. 2011, DS Choi, 1♂1♀; Taean-gun, Gonam-myeon, Janggok-ri, Haebyeonarae beach, 24. v. 2014, DS Choi, 1♂1♀; Taean-gun, Wonbuk-myeon, Hakampo Beach, 24. v. 2014, DS Choi, 2♂2♀. GB: Andong-si, Gilan-myeon, Gyemyeongsan Recreational Forest, 7. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂3♀; Cheongsong- gun, Budong-myeon, Mt. Juwangsan, 10. ix. 2006, DS Choi, 1♂2♀; Gyeongju-si, Naenam-myeon, Gwaneumsa, 4. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 3♂2♀. GN: Busan, Gangseo-gu, Seongbuk-dong, Is. Gadeokdo, 25. iv. 2011, DS Choi, 2♂. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, 19. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂2♀; Paju-si, Jeokseong-myeon, Seolma-ri, Mt. Gamaksan, 1. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 3♂. GW: Hoengseong- gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 2♀; Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 21. viii. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♂1♀; Taebaek-si, Mt. Taebaeksan, from Yuilsa to 1,560 m peak, 12. viii. 2000, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Hoechon, 7. ix. 1997, HY Han, 1♂; Wonju-si, Heungeop- myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 22. iv. 1997, HW Byun & DS Choi, 1♀; ditto, 27. v. 1997, DS Choi, 1♂; ditto, 12. vi. 1998, HW Byun, 1♂; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 13. viii. 2004, OY Lim & HS Lee, 2♂5♀. JB: Gimje-si, Hwangsan-dong, Munsusa Temple, 17. vi. 2011, DS Choi, 1♀; Imsil-gun, Gwanchon-myeon, Hoebong-ri, Grassland, 1. x. 2016, DS Choi, 1♀; Jangsu- gun, Jangsu-eup, Noha-ri, Seungmaro, 12. viii. 2016, DS Choi, 1♀; Namwon-si, Jucheon-myeon, Yonggung- ri, Jangan reservoir, 29. vii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♂; Sunchang-gun, Bokheung-myeon, Mt. Naejangsan, 21. iv. 2013, 1♂; Sunchang-gun, Ingye-myeon, Yongma Reservoir, 26. v. 2013, DS Choi, 2♂. JN: Damyang-gun, Subuk-myeon, Ojeong-ri, 17. v. 2007, DS Choi, 2♀; Gwangju, Buk-gu, Mt. Mudeungsan, Neutjaesamgeori, 4. viii. 2013, DS Choi, 4♀. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eup, Goepyeongi oreum, 2. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 2♂; Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eup, Mt. Hallasan, 5. viii. 2003, DS Choi & HW Byun, 3♂2♀.

Distribution: Palaearctic Region [PA].

Biology: Okuno (1967, recorded as S. contigua) recorded the species as a predator of Acyrthosiphon pisum, Amphorophora oleraceae, Aphis craccivora, Ap. fukii, Ap. glycines, Ap. gossypii, Ap. pomi, Ap. rumicis,

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Ap. polygonacea, Ap. smilasifoliae, Aulacorthum solani, Brevicoryne brassicae, Capitophorus hippophaes, Dactynotus gobonis, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae, Macrosiphoniella sanborni, Macrosiphoniella yomogifoliae, Macrosiphum avenaeakebiae, Ma. formosanum, Ma. rosae, Melanaphis bambusae, Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum lactucae, Rh. maidis, and Yamathaphis oryzae.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

65. Sphaerophoria rueppellii (Wiedemann, 1830) (Pl. 7D)

Syrphus rueppellii Wiedemann, 1830: 141. Ischiodon libycum Nayar, 1978: 413. Sphaerophoria calceolata Macquart, 1842: 164. Sphaerophoria flavicaudaZetterstedt, 1843: 771. Sphaerophoria nitidicollis Zetterstedt, 1849: 3163. Sphaerophoria pictipes Boheman, 1864: 80. Sphaerophoria serpilli Rondani, 1857: 115. Syrphus incertus Wiedemann, 1830: 143. Syrphus oleandri Rondani, 1857: 114.

Korean record: Sphaerophoria rueppelli: Peck 1988: 44 (Palaearctic cat.); Han et al. 1998b: 111 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 65 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 47 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 5.5‒6.0 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with yellow brown pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny black; frons yellow brown with brown pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel yellow brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere yellow brown with dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with a pair of longitudinal bands laterally; longitudinal band half of scutum length; postpronotum yellow brown; scutellum yellow brown with pale yellow pilose. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except dark brown hind tibia. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with yellow brown band hind margin; tergite 3 and 4 entirely yellow brown. Female:.Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Chungju-si, Geumga-myeon, Yonggyo-ri, Chungjuho, 27. vii. 2000, DS Choi et al., 2♀. GB: Uljin-gun, Onjeong-ri, Mt. Baegamsan, 15. viii. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♂2♀. GW:

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Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Hoechon, DS Choi et al., 1♀.

Distribution: Palaearctic Region [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: CB, GB, GW.

66. Sphaerophoria taeniata (Meigen, 1822)

Syrphus taeniatus Meigen, 1822: 325. Melithreptus harimensis Matsumura, 1918: 4. Melithreptus kuwayamae Matsumura, 1918: 3. Melithreptus suzukii Matsumura, 1916: 21.

Korean record: Sphaerophoria taeniata: Kim, CW 1971: 842 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1980: 381 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 112 (Korean cat.); Han & Choi 2001: 65 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 48 (Korean check.).

Distribution: Palaearctic Region [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Remarks: We could not find specimens but cited this species based on Kim (1971).

Genus Syrphus Fabricius, 1775

Syrphus Fabricius, 1775: Syst. entom.: 762. TS: Musca ribesii Linnaeus (des. Rondani, 1845: Nuovi Ann. Sci. nat. Ist. Bologna, (2) 2: 459). Syrphidis Goffe, 1933: 78, Musca ribesii Linnaeus (OD)

Key to species of Syrphus from South Korea (after Stubbs & Falk, 1983)

1. Eyes hairy (hairs can be sparse and inconspicuous)························································ S. torvus − Eyes bare ·················································································································· 2 2. Males (eye meet on top of head) ······················································································· 3 − Females (eyes widely separate) ························································································ 4 3. Hind femora yellow for at least apical third and yellow area in front with tiny black hairs. [M. basal cells entirely covered in microtrichia] ············································································· S. ribesii

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− Hind femora with at most the apical quarter yellow and yellow area in front mainly with yellow hairs. [M. basal cells with areas bare of microtrichia] ···························································· S. vitripennis 4. Hind femora almost entirely yellow [Intersex black-ringed, yellow at base] ·························· S. ribesii − Hind femora black on basal three quarters (hind femora with apical yellow area bearing pale hairs on anterior surface; black hairs in S. torvus) ······························································ S. vitripennis

67. Syrphus ribesii (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pl. 7E)

Musca ribesii Linnaeus, 1758: 593. Musca blandus Harris, 1780: 106. Musca vacua Scopoli, 1763: 346. Scaeva concava Say, 1823: 89. Syrphus autumnalis Fluke, 1954: 3. Syrphus beringi Violovitsh, 1975: 78. Syrphus bigelowi Curran, 1924: 288. Syrphus brevicinctus Kanervo, 1938: 155. Syrphus himalayanus Nayar, 1968: 121. Syrphus interruptus Ringdahl, 1930: 173. Syrphus japonicus Matsumura, 1917: 31. Syrphus jezoensis Matsumura, 1917: 32. Syrphus jonesii Fluke, 1949: 41. Syrphus maculifer Matsumura, 1918: 29. Syrphus moiwanus Matsumura, 1917: 33. Syrphus nigrigena Enderlein, 1938: 209. Syrphus philadelphicus Macquart, 1842: 153. Syrphus similis Jones, 1917: 224. Syrphus teshikaganus Matsumura, 1918: 29. Syrphus vittafrons Shannon, 1916: 202. Syrphus yamahanensis Matsumura, 1917: 34.

Korean record: Syrphus ribesii: Doi 1938a: 10 (Korean check., presumably first Korean record); Doi 1938b: 92 (Gaema-plateau); Kim, CW 1971: 851 (redescrip.); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 380 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 112 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 66 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 48

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(Korean check.). Syrphus ribesti [misspelling]: ZSK 1968: 180 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 9.8‒13.4 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny black; frons yellow brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel dark brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny bluish gray with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except black coxae and trochanters, basal 1/4 of fore femur, basal 1/3 of mid femur, basal 2/3 hind femur, apical 2/3 of hind tibia and hind tarsi. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown lateral spot; tergite 3 and 4 with yellow brown band attached anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic; hind femur almost entirely yellow brown.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Chungju-si, Jongmin-dong, Mt. Gyemyeongsan, 30. vii. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂1♀; Jecheon-si, Bongyang-eup, near Guhak Station, 5. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂. CN: Gongju-si, Gyeryong-myeon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Gapsa, 1. x. 2000, DS Choi & SK Kim, 1♂4♀. GB: Cheongsong-gun, Budong-myeon, Mt. Juwangsan, 10. ix. 2006, DS Choi, 2♂1♀; Gyeongju-si, Naenam-myeon, Gwaneumsa, 4. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂2♀. GG: Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Mt. Myeongjisan, 19. vi. 2006, DS Choi et al., 1♂. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 2♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gachilbong, from Sambongyaksu to 1,240 m peak, 2. v. 2003, HY Han & KE Ro, 1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, N. Valley, 14. v. 1999, HY Han & KE Ro, 1♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 3. ix. 2000, SK Kim et al., 3♀; Taebaek-si, Mt. Taebaeksan, from Yuilsa to 1,560 m peak, 12. viii. 2000, DS Choi et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 12. vi. 1998, HW Byun, 1♂; Yanggu-gun, Haean-myeon, Mt. Daeamsan, 28. vii. 1997, JI Kim, 1♀. JB: Namwon-si, Jucheon- myeon, Yonggung-ri, Jangan reservoir, 29. vii. 2013, DS Choi, 1♂. JN: Gwangju, Buk-gu, Mt. Mudeungsan, Neutjaesamgeori, 4. viii. 2013, DS Choi, 4♀. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eup, Goepyeongi oreum, 2. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂.

Distribution: Holarctic Region [PA, NE].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Amphorophora oleraceae, Aphis craccivora, Ap. gossypii, Ap. pomi, Ap. rumicis, Aulacorthum solani, Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae, Megoura viciae japonica, Myzus persicae, My. malisuctus, My. sakurae, Neophyllaphis podocarpi, Periphyllus testudinatus, Pseudocerosipha pruni, and Rhopalosiphum maidis.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

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68. Syrphus torvus Osten Sacken, 1875 (Pl. 7F)

Syrphus torvus Osten Sacken, 1875: 139. Syrphus discretus Szilady, 1940: 63.

Korean record: Syrphus torvus: Kim, CW 1971: 851 (redescrip., first Korean record); Kim, JI 1975: 40 (Korean check.); Kim, JI 1980: 380 (Korean check.); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998a: 10 (Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han et al. 1998b: 113 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 68 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 49 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 10.0‒14.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny black; frons yellow brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, pilose; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel dark brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny bluish gray with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except black coxae and trochanters, basal 1/3 of fore femur, basal 1/2 of mid femur, basal 2/3 hind femur. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown lateral spot; tergite 3 and 4 with yellow brown band attached anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Jecheon-si, Bongyang-eup, near Guhak Station, 5. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂5♀. CN: Gongju-si, Gyeryong-myeon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Gapsa, 1. x. 2000, DS Choi & SK Kim, 4♀. GB: Cheongsong-gun, Budong-myeon, Mt. Juwangsan, 10. ix. 2006, DS Choi, 1♂5♀; Yeongju-si, Buseok-myeon, Imgok-ri, Maguryeong, 8. x. 2016, 3♀. GN: Busan, Gijang-gun, Cheolma-myeon, Sosan Gonchungmaeul, 5. x. 2012, DS Choi, 1♀. GG: Yeoju-gun, Yeoju-eup, Sinjin-ri, Namhangang river side, 12. x. 2002, DS Choi & MH Lim, 1♀. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 2♀; Hoengseong-gun, Gangrim-myeon, Mt. Maehwasan, 24. v. 2015, DS Choi, 4♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gachilbong, from Sambongyaksu to 1,240 m peak, 2. v. 2003, HY Han & KE Ro, 3♂; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, S. Valley, 12. viii. 1997, HY Han et al., 1♀; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 3. x. 2005, HY Han et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 18. vi. 2000, HY Han & KE Ro, 1♂. JB: Gimje-si, Hwangsan-dong, Munsusa Temple, 17. vi. 2011, DS Choi, 1♀. JN: Damyang-gun, Subuk-myeon, Ojeong-ri, 17. v. 2007, DS Choi, 2♂; Jangheung-gun, Gwansan-eup, Mt. Cheongwansan, 14. v. 2000, DS Choi et al., 6♀. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eup, Goepyeongi oreum, 2.

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v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Namjeju-gun, Pyoseon-myeon, Namjoro swimteo, near 1118 road, 8. viii. 2003, HY Han et al., 1♂1♀.

Distribution: Holarctic, Oriental Regions [PA, NE, OR].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Aphis craccivora, Ap. gossypii, Ap. rumicis, Aulacorthum solani, Brevicoryne brassicae, Hyalopterus arundinis, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae, Megoura viciae japonica, Myzus persicae, and Rhopalosiphum maidis.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

69. Syrphus vitripennis Meigen, 1822 (Pl. 7G)

Syrphus vitripennis Meigen, 1822: 308. Scaeva confinisZetterstedt, 1838: 602. Syrphus agitatus Matsumura, 1918: 23. Syrphus akakurensis Matsumura, 1917: 35. Syrphus campestris Matsumura, 1918: 30. Syrphus candidus Matsumura, 1918: 17. Syrphus chujenjianus Matsumura, 1917: 35. Syrphus conspicuus Matsumura, 1918: 28. Syrphus dubius Matsumura, 1918: 28. Syrphus kitakawae Matsumura, 1918: 25. Syrphus kuccharensis Matsumura, 1918: 29. Syrphus kushirensis Matsumura, 1918: 30. Syrphus okadensis Matsumura, 1918: 27. Syrphus palliventralis Matsumura, 1918: 26. Syrphus shibechensis Matsumura, 1918: 31. Syrphus strandi Duda, 1940: 224. Syrphus tenuis Matsumura, 1918: 26. Syrphus topiarius Meigen, 1822: 305. Syrphus tsukisappensis Matsumura, 1917: 33. Syrphus velox Matsumura, 1918: 25.

Korean record: Syrphus vitripennis: Kim, JI & Yoo 1987: 518 (DMZ vicinities, first Korean record); ESK & KSAE 1994: 289 (Korean check.); Han et al. 1998b: 114 (Korean cat.); Choi et al. 2000: 142 (Baegunsan & Yonsei Univ. Maeji Campus); Han & Choi 2001: 71 (Korean check.); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 49 (Korean check.).

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Description: Body length 9.3‒11.0 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny black; frons yellow brown with black pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel dark brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere dark brown dorsally; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny bluish gray with dense yellow brown pilose; scutellum yellow brown with black pilose. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except black coxae and trochanters, basal 1/4 of fore femur, basal 1/3 of mid femur, basal 3/4 hind femur, apical 2/3 of hind tibia and hind tarsi. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown lateral spot; tergite 3 and 4 with yellow brown band attached anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Jecheon-si, Bongyang-eup, near Guhak Station, 5. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 2♂1♀. CN: Daejeon, Dong-gu, Secheon-dong, Secheon Reservoir, 12. vi. 2011, DS Choi, 1♀; Gongju-si, Gyeryong-myeon, Mt. Gyeryongsan, Gapsa, 1. x. 2000, DS Choi & SK Kim, 1♂3♀. GB: Cheongsong-gun, Budong-myeon, Mt. Juwangsan, 10. ix. 2006, DS Choi, 2♂5♀. GN: Busan, Gijang-gun, Cheolma-myeon, Sosan Gonchungmaeul, 5. x. 2012, DS Choi, 1♀. GG: Yeoju-gun, Yeoju-eup, Sinjin-ri, Namhangang river side, 12. x. 2002, DS Choi & MH Lim, 1♀. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong (1,086 m) peak, 16. v. 1999, DS Choi et al., 1♂2♀; ditto, 12. vi. 1999, DS Choi et al., 1♂; Jeongseon-gun, Nam-myeon, Mt. Mindungsan, form Yupyeong-ri to 1,119 m peak, 3. x. 2005, HY Han et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Hoechon, 26. v. 1997, HY Han et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 13. viii. 2004, OY Lim & HS Lee, 2♂2♀. JN: Damyang-gun, Subuk-myeon, Ojeong-ri, 17. v. 2007, DS Choi, 2♀; Gwangyang-si, Ongnyong-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, 14. vi. 2014, DS Choi, 1♂1♀; Jangheung-gun, Gwansan-eup, Mt. Cheongwansan, 14. v. 2000, DS Choi et al., 6♂. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eup, Goepyeongi oreum, 2. v. 2003, DS Choi et al., 1♂.

Distribution: Holarctic, Oriental Regions [PA, NE, OR].

Biology: Okuno (1967) recorded the species as a predator of Acyrthosiphon pisum, and Myzus persicae.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

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Genus Xanthogramma Schiner, 1860

Xanthogramma Schiner, 1860: Wien. ent. Mschr., 4: 215. TS: Syrphus ornatus Meigen (des. Williston, 1887: bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 31: 91) [= pedissequum (Harris)]. Olbiosyrphus Mik, 1897: Wien. ent. Ztg, 16(2): 66 TS: Syrphus laetus Fabricius (OD). Philhelius Coquillett, 1910: Can. Ent., 42: 378. TS: Musca citrofasciata de Geer (OD).

70. Xanthogramma coreanum Shiraki, 1930 (Pls. 7H, I)

Xanthogramma coreanum Shiraki, 1930: 403.

Korean record: Xanthogramma coreanum: Han & Choi 2001: 74 (Korean check., first Korean record); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 49 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 9.8‒11.8 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with black pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white pilose; lunule shiny dark brown; frons yellow brown with longitudinal black stripe, densely covered black pilose; eyes holoptic, bare; eye contiguity as long as vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel yellow brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere yellow brown; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with a pair of longitudinal bands laterally; postpronotum yellow brown; scutellum black with yellow brown posterior half; scutellum with long pale yellow pilose. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except black coxae and trochanters, dark brown hind femur apically, hind tibia and tarsi. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown lateral spot; tergite 3 and 4 with yellow brown band attached anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: CB: Boeun-gun, Naesongni-myeon, Mt. Songnisan, Sanae-ri, 20. vii. 2007, DS Choi, 2♀. CN: Daejeon, Dong-gu, Secheon-dong, Secheon Reservoir, 12. vi. 2011, DS Choi, 1♂1♀. GB: Andong-si, Gilan-myeon, Gyemyeongsan Recreational Forest, 7. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂; Gyeongju-si, Naenam-myeon, Gwaneumsa, 4. vii. 2010, DS Choi, 1♂2♀; Yeongju-si, Buseok-myeon, Mt. Seondalsan, 29. vi. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♂. GN: Hadong-gun, Hoengcheon-myeon, Mt. Jeongansan, 4. vii. 2009, DS Choi, 1♀. GG: Paju-si, Jeokseong-myeon, Seolma-ri, Mt. Gamaksan, 1. viii. 2006, DS Choi et al., 3♂. GW: Inje- gun, Girin-myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 21. viii. 1998, HY Han et al., 1♂1♀; Pyeongchang-gun, Bangrim-myeon, Ungyo-ri, 29. vii. 2010, HS Lee et al., 1♀; Wonju-si, Heungeop-myeon, Maeji-ri, Yonsei Univ. Campus, 12. vi. 1998, HW Byun, 1♂. JN: Gwangju, Buk-gu, Mt. Mudeungsan,

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Neutjaesamgeori, 4. viii. 2013, DS Choi, 4♀. JJ: Bukjeju-gun, Jocheon-eup, Mt. Hallasan, 5. viii. 2003, DS Choi & HW Byun, 2♂4♀.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye Territory) to Korea [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: CB, CN, GB, GN, GG, GW, JB, JN, JJ.

71. Xanthogramma sapporense Matsumura, 1916 (Pls. 7J, K)

Xanthogramma sapporense Matsumura, 1916: 29. Xanthogramma bambusae Matsumura, 1918: 4. Xanthogramma fuscoclavatum Matsumura, 1918: 6. Xanthogramma jozanum Matsumura, 1918: 7. Xanthogramma kuccharense Matsumura, 1918: 5. Xanthogramma minor Matsumura, 1918: 7. Xanthogramma moiwanum Matsumura, 1918: 6. Xanthogramma okunii Matsumura, 1918: 5. Xanthogramma shibechanum Matsumura, 1918: 8.

Korean record: Xanthoramma sapporense: Han & Choi 2001: 75 (Korean check., first Korean record); Paek et al. 2010: 229 (Korean check.); Han et al. 2014: 50 (Korean check.).

Description: Body length 10.0‒12.2 mm. Male. Head yellow brown ground color; vertical triangle entirely black with yellow brown pilose; face entirely yellow brown with silver white and brown pilose; lunule shiny yellow brown; frons yellow brown with brown and black pilose mixed; eyes holoptic, dense pilose; eye contiguity shorter than vertical triangle; antenna scape and pedicel yellow brown with black setulae; basoflagellomere yellow brown; arista dark brown. Thorax: scutum shiny black with a pair of longitudinal bands laterally; postpronotum yellow brown; scutellum black with yellow brown hind margin; scutellum with pale yellow and black pilose mixed. Wing hyaline and clear; halter yellow brown. Legs almost entirely yellow brown except black coxae and trochanters, dark brown hind tibia and tarsi. Abdomen black ground color; tergite 2 with a pair of yellow brown lateral spot; tergite 3 and 4 with yellow brown band attached anterior margin. Female. Similar to male except for following non-genitalic characters: eyes dichoptic.

Specimen examined: Korea: GB: Yeongju-si, Sunheung-myeon, Mt. Sobaeksan, 27. viii. 2001, DS Choi et al., 2♀. GW: Hoengseong-gun, Anheung-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Gangrim 4-ri to Cheonjibong

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(1,086 m) peak, 13. vi. 2003, DS Choi et al., 5♂1♀; Hoengseong-gun, Dunnae-myeon, Mt. Cheongtaesan, Sapgyo-ri to 1,200 m peak, 25. v. 2004, HW Byun et al., 1♂1♀; Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, Mt. Gyebangsan, from Unduryeong to 1,577 m peak, 12. viii. 2003, HW Byun et al., 2♂1♀; Inje-gun, Girin- myeon, Mt. Jeombongsan, from Jindong-ri to 1,424 m peak, 10. viii. 2001, HY Han et al., 1♂2♀; Wonju-si, Panbu-myeon, Mt. Baegunsan, from Yongsugol to 1,087.1 m peak, 17. viii. 1999, HY Han et al., 1♀; ditto, 2. viii. 2000, DS Choi et al., 2♂3♀; Wonju-si, Sillim-myeon, Mt. Chiaksan, from Seongnam-ri to Namdaebong (1,181.5 m) peak, 31. vii. 2002, DS Choi et al., 2♀.

Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye Territory, Sakhalin, Kunashir), Korea, Japan [PA].

Biology: Unknown.

Korea: CB, GW.

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LITERATURE CITED

Aruga, Y. 1961. Didea alneti Fallén, as the predator of Lachnus tropicalis van der Goot. Forest Prot. News 10 (12): 248-251. [in Japanese] Bańkowska, R. 1964. Studien über die paläarktischen Arten der Gattung Sphaerophoria St. Farg. et. Serv. (Diptera, Syrphidae). Annls zool., Warsz. 22 (15): 285-353. Choi, D.-S. and Han, H.-Y. 1999. A taxonomic Study of the genus Platycheirus Lepeletier et Serville (Diptera: Syrphidae) in Korea. Korean Journal of Entomology 29 (3): 165-176. Choi, D.-S., Kim, S.-K., Han, H.-Y. 2000. A faunistic survey of Diptera (Insecta) in Mt. Baegunsan II: Syrphidae of the Mt. Baegunsan and Wonju Campus, Yonsei University. Journal of the Institute of Basic Science (Yonsei University) 8: 141-149. [in Korean] Coquillett, D. W. 1898. Report on a collection of Japanese Diptera, presented to the U.S. National Museum by the Imperial University of Tokyo. Proc. U.S. natn. Mus., 21: 301-340. De Geer, C. 1776. Memoires pour servir à l'histoiredes Insectes. Stockholm, 6: VIII + 1-522. Doi, H. 1938. A List of the Diptera of Korea. Bull. Sci. Mus. Keizyo, Korea 72 (6): 5-18. [in Japanese] Doi, H. 1938b. Insects of Gaima-plateau, North Korea, in Spring. Mushi 11 (1): 87-98. [in Japanese] Entomological Society of Korea (ESK) & Korean Society of Applied Entomology (KSAE). 1994. Syrphidae. pp. 288-292 in Check List of Insects from Korea. Kon-Kuk University Press, Seoul, Korea. [in Korean] Han, H.-Y. and Choi, D.-S. 2001. Family Syrphidae. Economic Insects of Korea 15. Insecta Koreana Suppl. 22, 224 pp. Han, H.-Y., Choi, D.-S. and Byun, H.-W. 1998a. A faunistic survey of Diptera (Insecta) in Mt. Paegun: Syrphidae of the Wonju Campus, Yonsei University. Journal of the Institute of Basic Science (Yonseu University) 6: 9-16. Han, H.-Y., Choi, D.-S., Kim, J.-I. and Byun, H.-W. 1998b. A catalog of the Syrphidae (Insecta: Diptera) of Korea. Insecta Koreana 15: 96-166. Han, H.-Y., Suk, S.-W., Lee, Y.-B. and Lee, H.-S. 2014. National List of Species of Korea 「Insect」 (Diptera II). National Institute of Biological Resources. Incheon. 1-268 pp. Ichigawa, M. 1906. Insects of Isl. Quelpart. Hakubutsu no Tomo. 6 (33): 183-186. [in Japanese] Ito, S., Okutani, T. and Hiura, I. 1993. Syrphidae. pp. 252-256, plts 49-50 in Colored Illustrations of the Insects of Japan (Vol. II). Hoikusha publishing Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan. [in Japanese] Jeong, S.-H., Jung, J.-M. and Han, H.-Y. 2017. A taxonomic review of Brachypalpus Macquart and Chalcosyrphus Curran (Insecta: Diptera: Syrphidae) in Korea. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology. 20: 1043-1061. Kevan, P. G. 2002. Flowers, pollination, and the associated diversity of flies. Biodiversity 3(4): 16–18.

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Kim, C. W. 1971. Family 26. Syrphidae. pp. 827-887 +plts 47-58 in Kim, C. W. et al. [co-authors], Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea, Vol. 12, Insecta (IV). Ministry of Education, Korea. [in Korean] Kim, C. W. 1980. Distribution atlas of insects of Korea. Series 3 Hymenoptera and Diptera. Korea University Press, Seoul, Korea. [in Korean] Kim, C. W. and Nam, S.-H. 1982. Insect fauna in the areas of Mts. Gyebang, Sogyebang and Gachilbong in summer season. Report of the Korean Association for Conservation of Nature 20: 119-137. [in Korean] Kim, J.-I. 1975. A list of Syrphidae (Diptera) from Korea. Korean Journal of Entomology 5 (1): 38-42. [in Korean] Kim, J.-I. 1980. The historical review and the tentative list of the Korean Syrphidae. Journal of Sungshin University 13: 365-389. [in Korean] Kim, J.-I. and Kim, C. W. 1972. On the 17 unrecorded Syrphidae (Dipt.) from Korea. Korean Journal of Entomology 2 (1): 7-12. [in Korean] Kim, J.-I. and Yoo, H. J. 1987. Study on the insects fauna and its change (succession) from near the DMZ of the province Kyonggi-do, Korea, pp. 489-528. In: Report Environmental Survey near DMZ, Korea, Kyonggi-do. [in Korean] Knutson, L. V., Thompson, F. C. and Vockeroth, J. R. 1975. Family Syrphidae, pp. 307-374. In: Delfinado M.D., Hardy D.E. (eds.), A Catalog of the Diptera of the Oriental Region (Volume 2). The University Press of Hawaii. Korean Society of Applied Entomology (KSAE) and The Enromological Society of Korea (ESK). 1998. English-Korean, Korean-English Entomological Terminology. Korean Society of Applied Entomology. 366 pp. Matsumura, S. 1916. Thousand Insects of Japan. Additamenta 2 (Diptera): 185-474. [In Japanese] Matsumura, S. 1918. New species of the economic Syrphidae of Japan. J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Ins. Koreana Suppl. 22, imp. Univ., 8(1): 1-31, pl. 1. Matsumura, S. 1931. 6000 Illustrated Insect of Japan-Empire. Tokyo, Japan. [in Japanese] Matsumura, S. and Adachi, J. 1917a. Synopsis of the Economic Syrphidae of Japan (II). Entomological Magazine (Kyoto, Japan) 2 (4): 133-156. Matsumura, S. and Adachi, J. 1917b. Synopsis of the Economic Syrphidae of Japan (III). Entomological Magazine (Kyoto, Japan) 2 (6): 14-43. McAlpine, J. F. 1981. Morphology and Terminology: adult, In: McAlpine, J. F. et al. (Coordinators), Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Vol. 1. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa. pp. 9–63. Mengual, X. and Thompson, F. C. 2011. Carmine cochineal killers: the flower fly genus Eosalpingogaster Hull (Diptera: Syrphidae) revised. Systematic Entomology. 36(4): 713–731. Mengual, X., Ståhls, G. and Rojo, S. 2008. First phylogeny of predatory flower flies (Diptera, Syrphidae,

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Syrphinae) using mitochondrial COI and nuclear 28S rRNA genes: conflict and congruence with the current tribal classification. Miranda, G. F. G., Young, A. D., Locke, M. M., Marshall, S. A., Skevington, J. H. and Thompson, F. C. 2013. Key to the genera of Nearctic Syrphidae. Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification 23: 1–351. Nawa, U. 1917. On the syrphid flies and aphids. Insect World 21 (136): 169. [in Japanese] Ninomiya, E. 1959a. Illustrated Insect Larvae of Japan. Tokyo. [in Japanese] Ninomiya, E. 1959b. Immature stages of Didea alneti Fallén (Dipt. Syrphidae). Kontyu 27 (3): 188-189, 9 figs. [in Japanese] Okada, H. 1941. Order Diptera from Ryukyu Islands. Bull. Japanese Biogeography 3(3): 262. [in Japanese] Okuno, T. 1967. On the syrphid larvae attacking the aphids in Japan (Diptera). Mushi 41(10): 123-141. Ôhara, K. 1980. The genus Platycheirus Lepeletier and Serville, 1828 (Diptera, Syrphidae) of Japan, with descriptions of three new species. Esakia (15): 97-142. Ôhara, K. 1984. Mature larva and puparium of Dideoides coquilletti van der Goot (Diptera, Syrphidae). Kontyu 52 (3): 445-447. Ôhara, K. 1989. Syrphidae. Pp. 783-795 in Sugi S. et al. (eds.), A check list of Japanese insects (II). [in Japanese] Paek, M. K., Hwang, J. M., Jung, K. S., Kim, T. W., Kim, M. C., Lee, Y. J., Cho, Y. B., Park, S. W., Lee, H. S., Ku, D. S. et al. 2010. Checklist of Korean Insects, Nature and Ecology, Academic Series 2, Seoul, 598 pp. [in Korean] Pape, T. and Thompson, F. C. (editors). 2013. Systema Dipterorum, Version 1.5. http://www.diptera.org/, Accessed on 8 May 2017. Park, C. G., Kim, Y., Kim, G. H., Kim, D. S., Park, J. K., Byun, B. K. 2013. Entomological Glossary. Korean Society of Applied Entomology. Academy Publishing Co., Seoul, Korea. 548 pp. [in Korean] Park, J.-S., Ku, D.-S. and Han, K.-D. 1993. Faunistic study on the insect from Hamyang-gun and Paemsagol area of Mt. Chiri. Rep. KACN 31: 153-218. [in Korean] Peck, L. V. 1988. Family Syrphidae. pp. 11-229 in Soós, A. and L. Papp [eds.], Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera (Volume 8). Elsevier Science Pub., Netherlands / Academiai Kiado, Hungary. Rojo, S., Gilbert, F., Marcos-Garcia, M. A., Nieto, J. M., Mier, M. P. 2003. A World Review of Predatory Hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae: Syrphinae) and their Prey. CIBIO Ediciones, Alicante. Rotheray, G. E. 1993. Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe. Dipterists Digest no. 9. Derek Whiteley, Sheffield, UK. Rotheray, G. E. 2003. The predatory larvae of two Nepenthosyrphus species living in pitcher plants (Diptera, Syrphidae). Stud. Dipt. 10, 219–226. Rotheray, G. E. and Gilbert, F. S. 1989. The phylogeny and systematics of European predacious Syrphidae

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Yamaguchi, H., Hirasa, T. and Takai, M. 1966. On the natural enemies of the aphids on Abies sachalinensis and Larix leptolepis, its utilization. (Studies on the Biological Control of Fruit Tree Pests) Tokyo: 116 pp. Young, A. D., Lemmon, A. R., Skevington, J. H., Mengual, X., Ståhls, G., Reemer, M., Jordaens, K., Kelso, S., Lemmon, E. M., Hauser, M., De Meyer, M., Misof, B. and Wiegmann, B. M. 2016. BMC Evolutionary Biology 16(143): 1-13. Zoological Society of Korea (ZSK). 1968. Syrphidae. pp. 178-180 in Nomina Animalium Koreanorum, (2) Insecta. [in Korean]

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곤충-꽃등에아과-영문(세희).indd 105 2018-03-19 오후 5:20:32 INSECT FAUNA OF KOREA Syrphidae Ⅲ

A B C

D E F

G H I

J K

Plate 1. A. Allobaccha apicalis ♂, 11.8 mm; B. ditto ♀, 12.1 mm; C. Baccha maculata ♀, 10.1 mm; D. Chrysotoxum biguttatum ♂, 11.9 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); E. Chrysotoxum coreanum ♂, 19.8 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); F. Chrysotoxum festivum ♀, 15.6 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); G. Chrysotoxum graciosum ♂, 15.5 mm (from Suk and Han, 2013); H. ditto ♀, 16.2 mm (from Suk and Han, 2013); I. Chrysotoxum grande ♀, 19.6 mm; J. Chrysotoxum ramphostomus ♂, 12.1 mm (from Suk et al., 2008); K. ditto ♀, 12.3 mm (from Suk et al., 2008).

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A B C

D E F

G H I

J K L

Plate 2. A. Chrysotoxum sapporense ♂, 12.2 mm (from Suk and Han, 2013); B. ditto ♀, 12.4 mm (from Suk and Han, 2013); C. Chrysotoxum tuberculatum ♂, 14.1 mm (from Suk et al., 2008); D. ditto ♀, 12.9 mm (from Suk et al., 2008); E. Melanostoma mellinum ♂, 6.2 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); F. ditto ♀, 6.8 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); G. Melanostoma scalare ♂, 6.5 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); H. ditto ♀, 6.4 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); I. Platycheirus clypeatus ♂, 10.2 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); J. ditto ♀, 11.3 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); K. Platycheirus immaculatus ♀, 12.3 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); L. Platycheirus pennipes ♂, 10.7 mm.

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A B C

D E F

G H I

J K L

Plate 3.A. Platycheirus pennipes ♀, 11.2 mm; B. Platycheirus scutatus ♂, 10.2 mm; C. Platycheirus urakawensis ♂, 11.5 mm; D. ditto ♀, 12.2 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); E. Xanthandrus comtus ♂, 12.5 mm; F. ditto ♀, 12.3 mm; G. Paragus haemorrhous ♂, 5.8 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); H. ditto ♂, 5.5 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); I. ditto ♀, 5.6 mm; J. Paragus quadrifasciatus ♂, 7.2 mm; K. Allograpta javana ♂, 9.4 mm; L. ditto ♀, 8.1 mm.

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A B C

D E F

G H I

J K L

Plate 4. A. Asarkina porcina ♂, 15.4 mm; B. Betasyrphus serarius ♂, 10.6 mm; C. Dasysyrphus albostriatus ♂, 9.6 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); D. ditto ♂, 10.2 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); E. ditto ♀, 9.8 mm; F. Dasysyrphus bilineatus ♂, 14.2 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); G. ditto ♀, 14 mm; H. Dasysyrphus tricinctus ♂, 11.5 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); I. Didea alneti ♂, 15.3 mm; J. Didea fasciata ♀, 13.5 mm; K. Dideoides coquilletti ♂, 14.5 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); L. Dideoides latus ♂, 14.6 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001).

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A B C

D E F

G H I

J K L

Plate 5. A. Doros conopseus ♂, 17.8 mm; B. Epistrophe grossulariae ♂, 13.4 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); C. Epistrophe nitidicollis ♂, 11.5 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); D. Episyrphus balteatus ♂, 9.8 mm; E. ditto ♂, 10.1 mm; F. ditto ♀, 11.2 mm; G. Eriozona syrphoides ♂, 15.6 mm; H. Ischyrosyrphus glaucius ♀, 12.2 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); I. Ischyrosyrphus laternarius ♂, 11.2 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); J. ditto ♀, 12.5 mm; K. Leucozona lucorum ♂, 11.6 mm; L. ditto ♀, 11.8 mm.

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A B C

D E F

G H I

J K L

Plate 6. A. Melangyna compositarum ♂, 7.2 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); B. ditto ♀, 7.4 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); C. Melangyna lasiophthalma ♂, 6.8 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); D. ditto ♀, 7.3 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); E. Meliscaeva cinctella ♂, 10.2 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); F. ditto ♀, 10.5 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); G. Metasyrphus confrater ♂, 16.2 mm; H. Metasyrphus corollae ♂, 9.8 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); I. ditto ♀, 10.1 mm; J. Metasyrphus luniger ♂, 8.1 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); K. Metasyrphus nitens ♂, 12.5 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); L. Parasyrphus annulatus ♂, 7.8 mm.

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A B C

D E F

G H I

J K

Plate 7. A. Scaeva komabensis ♂, 14.2 mm; B. Scaeva pyrastri ♂, 14.8 mm; C. Sphaerophoria menthastri ♂, 6.2 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); D. Sphaerophoria rueppellii ♂, 5.8 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001); E. Syrphus ribesii ♂, 12.4 mm; F. Syrphus torvus ♀, 12.8 mm; G. Syrphus vitripennis ♂, 10.3 mm; H. Xanthogramma coreanum ♂, 10.2 mm; I. ditto ♀, 11.2 mm; J. Xanthogramma sapporense ♂, 10.5 mm; K. ditto ♀, 11.3 mm (from Han and Choi, 2001).

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INDEX TO SCIENTIFIC NAMES

A D

Allobaccha 14 Dasysyrphus 51 apicalis 14 albostriatus 52 Allograpta 46 bilineatus 53 javana 46 tricinctus 54 Artropoda 12 Didea 55 Asarkina 48 alneti 55 ericetorum 48 fasciata 56 porcina 48 Dideoides 58 coquilletti 58 B latus 59 Diptera 12 Baccha 16 Doros 60 maculata 16 conopseus 60 Bacchini 14 Betasyrphus 50 E serarius 50 Brachycera 12 Epistrophe 61 grossulariae 62 C nigroepistomata 63 nitidicollis 63 Chrysotoxini 17 omogensis 64 Chrysotoxum 17 Episyrphus 65 biguttatum 18 balteatus 65 coreanum 19 nectarines 67 festivum 20 Eriozona 68 graciosum 21 syrphoides 68 grande 23 ramphostomus 24 I sapporense 25 sibiricum 26 Insecta 12 tuberculatum 27 Ischyrosyrphus 69

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glaucius 69 Parasyrphus 82 laternarius 70 annulatus 82 Platycheirus 32 L ambiguus 33 clypeatus 34 Leucozona 71 immaculatus 35 lucorum 71 pennipes 36 scutatus 36 M urakawensis 38

Melangyna 73 S compositarum 73 lasiophthalma 74 Scaeva 83 Melanostoma 28 komabensis 84 incisum 28 pyrastri 85 mellinum 29 Sphaerophoria 86 scalare 31 bengalensis 86 Melanostomatini 28 chongjini 87 Meliscaeva 75 indiana 87 cinctella 75 macrogaster 87 Metasyrphus 76 menthastri 88 confrater 77 rueppellii 90 corollae 78 taeniata 91 luniger 80 Subfamily 12 nitens 81 Syrphidae 13 Syrphinae 12 P Syrphini 46 Syrphus 91 Paragini 41 ribesii 92 Paragus 41 torvus 94 fasciatus 41 vitripennis 95 haemorrhous 41 jozanus 43 X politus 43 quadrifasciatus 44 Xanthandrus 39 tibialis 45 comtus 39

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Xanthogramma 97 coreanum 97 sapporense 98

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