Pollination by Deceit in Paphiopedilum Barbigerum (Orchidaceae): a Staminode Exploits the Innate Colour Preferences of Hoverflies (Syrphidae) J
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Is the Mega-Diverse Genus Ocyptamus (Diptera, Syrphidae) Monophyletic
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 62 (2012) 191–205 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Is the mega-diverse genus Ocyptamus (Diptera, Syrphidae) monophyletic? Evidence from molecular characters including the secondary structure of 28S rRNA ⇑ Ximo Mengual a,c, , Gunilla Ståhls b, Santos Rojo c a Dept. of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC-0169, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA b Zoological Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, PO Box 17, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland c Instituto Universitario CIBIO – Dpto. de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain article info abstract Article history: Phylogenetic relationships between two New World Syrphinae taxa (Diptera, Syrphidae), i.e. the highly Received 17 March 2011 diverse genus Ocyptamus and the large genus Toxomerus, were analysed based on molecular characters. Revised 17 August 2011 The monophyly of both taxa was tested and the taxonomic status of included subgenera and species Accepted 23 September 2011 groups was examined. Toxomerus constitutes the monogeneric tribe Toxomerini with more than 140 Available online 29 September 2011 described species, while Ocyptamus (tribe Syrphini) is a very diverse genus (over 300 spp.) with multiple recognised subgenera and species groups. Sequence data from three gene regions were used: the mito- Keywords: chondrial protein-coding gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the nuclear 28S and 18S ribo- Toxomerus somal RNA genes. The secondary structure of two expansion segments (D2, D3) of the ribosomal 28S Ocyptamus Monophyly RNA gene is presented for the family Syrphidae and used for the first time in a multiple sequence align- Syrphidae ment. -
UV Reflectance but No Evidence for Colour Mimicry in a Putative Brood-Deceptive Orchid Corybas Cheesemanii
Current Zoology 60 (1): 104–113, 2014 UV reflectance but no evidence for colour mimicry in a putative brood-deceptive orchid Corybas cheesemanii M. M. KELLY, A. C. GASKETT* School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand Abstract Rewardless orchids attract pollinators by food, sexual, and brood-site mimicry, but other forms of sensory deception may also operate. Helmet orchids (Corybas, Nematoceras and related genera) are often assumed to be brood-site deceivers that mimic the colours and scents of mushrooms to fool female fungus gnats (Mycetophilidae) into attempting oviposition and polli- nating flowers. We sampled spectral reflectances and volatile odours of an endemic terrestrial New Zealand orchid Corybas cheesemanii, and co-occurring wild mushrooms. The orchid is scentless to humans and SPME GC-MS analyses did not detect any odours, but more sensitive methods may be required. The orchids reflected strongly across all visible wavelengths (300700nm) with peaks in the UV (~320nm), yellow-green (500600 nm) and red regions (650700 nm), whereas mushrooms and surrounding leaf litter reflected predominantly red and no UV. Rather than mimicking mushrooms, these orchids may attract pollinators by exploiting insects’ strong sensory bias for UV. Modelling spectral reflectances into a categorical fly vision model and a generic tetrachromat vision model provided very different results, but neither suggest any mimicry of mushrooms. However, these models require further assessment and data on fly spectral sensitivity to red wavelengths is lacking – a problem given the predominance of red, fly-pollinated flowers worldwide [Current Zoology 60 (1): 104113, 2014]. Keywords Diptera, Colour space, Fly pollination, Orchidaceae, Spectral reflectance, Visual modelling Flowers typically attract pollinators by advertising in the Orchidaceae, in which approximately one-third of rewards such as food (Chittka and Thompson, 2001; species do not reward their pollinators (Jersáková et al., Raguso, 2004). -
Actes Du 15E Colloque Sur Les Orchidées De La Société Française D’Orchidophilie
Cah. Soc. Fr. Orch., n° 7 (2010) – Actes 15e colloque de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie, Montpellier Actes du 15e colloque sur les Orchidées de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie du 30 mai au 1er juin 2009 Montpellier, Le Corum Comité d’organisation : Daniel Prat, Francis Dabonneville, Philippe Feldmann, Michel Nicole, Aline Raynal-Roques, Marc-Andre Selosse, Bertrand Schatz Coordinateurs des Actes Daniel Prat & Bertrand Schatz Affiche du Colloque : Conception : Francis Dabonneville Photographies de Francis Dabonneville & Bertrand Schatz Cahiers de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie, N° 7, Actes du 15e Colloque sur les orchidées de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie. ISSN 0750-0386 © SFO, Paris, 2010 Certificat d’inscription à la commission paritaire N° 55828 ISBN 978-2-905734-17-4 Actes du 15e colloque sur les Orchidées de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie, D. Prat et B. Schatz, Coordinateurs, SFO, Paris, 2010, 236 p. Société Française d’Orchidophilie 17 Quai de la Seine, 75019 Paris Cah. Soc. Fr. Orch., n° 7 (2010) – Actes 15e colloque de la Société Française d’Orchidophilie, Montpellier Préface Ce 15e colloque marque le 40e anniversaire de notre société, celle-ci ayant vu le jour en 1969. Notre dernier colloque se tenait il y a 10 ans à Paris en 1999, 10 ans c’est long, 10 ans c’est très loin. Il fallait que la SFO renoue avec cette traditionnelle organisation de colloques, manifestation qui a contribué à lui accorder la place prépondérante qu’elle occupe au sein des orchidophiles français et de la communauté scientifique. C’est chose faite aujourd’hui. Nombreux sont les thèmes qui font l’objet de communications par des intervenants dont les compétences dans le domaine de l’orchidologie ne sont plus à prouver. -
Phylogeny of the Aphnaeinae: Myrmecophilous African Butterflies
Systematic Entomology (2015), 40, 169–182 DOI: 10.1111/syen.12098 Phylogeny of the Aphnaeinae: myrmecophilous African butterflies with carnivorous and herbivorous life histories JOHN H. BOYLE1,2, ZOFIA A. KALISZEWSKA1,2, MARIANNE ESPELAND1,2,3, TAMARA R. SUDERMAN1,2, JAKE FLEMING2,4, ALAN HEATH5 andNAOMI E. PIERCE1,2 1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A., 2Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A., 3Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, 4Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, U.S.A. and 5Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa Abstract. The Aphnaeinae (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) are a largely African subfamily of 278 described species that exhibit extraordinary life-history variation. The larvae of these butterflies typically form mutualistic associations with ants, and feed on awide variety of plants, including 23 families in 19 orders. However, at least one species in each of 9 of the 17 genera is aphytophagous, parasitically feeding on the eggs, brood or regurgitations of ants. This diversity in diet and type of symbiotic association makes the phylogenetic relations of the Aphnaeinae of particular interest. A phylogenetic hypothesis for the Aphnaeinae was inferred from 4.4 kb covering the mitochondrial marker COI and five nuclear markers (wg, H3, CAD, GAPDH and EF1) for each of 79 ingroup taxa representing 15 of the 17 currently recognized genera, as well as three outgroup taxa. Maximum Parsimony, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses all support Heath’s systematic revision of the clade based on morphological characters. -
Diversity of Hover Flies (Insecta: Diptera: Syrphidae) with 3 New Records from Shivalik Hill Zone of Himachal Pradesh, India
Int J Adv Life Sci Res. Volume 2(3) 39-55 doi: 10.31632/ijalsr.2019v02i03.005 International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research Online ISSN: 2581-4877 journal homepage http://ijalsr.org Research Article Diversity of Hover flies (Insecta: Diptera: Syrphidae) with 3 New Records from Shivalik Hill Zone of Himachal Pradesh, India Jayita Sengupta1*, Atanu Naskar1, Sumit Homechaudhuri3, Dhriti Banerjee4 1Senior Zoological Assistant, Diptera Section, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India 2Assistant Zoologist, Diptera Section, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India 3Professor, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India 4Scientist-E, Diptera Section, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, India *Correspondence E-mail : [email protected]*, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Twenty two species under 14 genera over 2 subfamilies have been reported from Shivalik hill zone of Himachal Pradesh, India. 3 species namely Allograpta (Allograpta) javana (Wiedemann,1824), Dideopsis aegrota (Fabricius,1805) and Eristalinus (Eristalinus) tabanoides (Jaennicke,1867) are reported for the first time from this Shivalik hill zone as well as from the state of Himachal Pradesh. Their taxonomic keys and detail diagnosis of the reported species has been discussed along with the distributional pattern of these species along the Shivalik hill zone of Himachal Pradesh. Keywords: Hover flies, New Record, Shivalik hill zone, Syrphidae, Taxonomy. Introduction With approximately 6000 species worldwide pollinator is thus becoming crucial with (Pape et al.2019) of which 5.91% of species passing years especially in those habitat and shared by India (Sengupta et al.2019), landscape regions where pollination function Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) are one of the rendered by honeybees are getting affected most important second line pollinator of our due to environmental heterogeneity and country. -
B5a72a157577a46ee87bb869
09060646-前环后环.indd 2 2009-11-23 15:57:33 09060646-前环后环.indd 3 2009-11-23 15:57:38 深圳市投资控股有限公司 深 圳 市 科 学 技 术 协 会 资助出版 深 圳 市 财 政 局 09060646-fei1-3.indd 1 2009-11-23 14:55:14 中国兜兰属植物 THE GENUS PAPHIOPEDILUM IN CHINA 刘仲健 陈心启 陈利君 雷嗣鹏 著 Liu Zhongjian Chen Singchi Chen Lijun Lei Sipeng Science Press, Beijing 北 京 09060646-fei1-3.indd 2 2009-11-23 14:55:14 内 容 简 介 兜兰属植物曾经令数代园艺家着迷。但直到20世纪80年代,原产 中国的一些兜兰种类,如杏黄兜兰(P. armeniacum)、硬叶兜兰(P. micranthum)和麻栗坡兜兰(P. malipoense)等才开始崭露头角,继而风 靡西方。它们曾多次获得在兰花界所能得到的最高奖,因此在那以后,中 国的兜兰类植物吸引了全世界的目光。 本书所涉及的大多数国产种类都曾在野外考察过。本书为之提供了植 物自身及其生境的彩色照片。至于非国产种类,除了进行分类整理外,对 每个种至少提供一张彩照和一个简短的描述。为了满足外国读者的需要, 所有分类学的描述和讨论都用中、英文书写。此外,对兜兰属的历史、形 态与繁育、生态、地理分布、保育、杂交情况、栽培方法、繁殖技术以及 病虫害防治等也做了简要介绍。 本书适合植物学领域的大专院校学生、教师,从事兰花研究的专业人 员,以及兰花爱好者阅读参考。 图书在版编目(CIP)数据 中国兜兰属植物/刘仲健等著.—北京:科学出版社,2009 ISBN 978-7-03-024864-0 I.中… II.刘… III.兰科–花卉–简介–中国 IV.S682.31 中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字(2009)第104478号 责任编辑:唐云江 史 军/责任校对:陈玉凤 责任印刷:钱玉芬/封面设计:李俊民 深圳雅昌彩色印刷有限公司印刷 科学出版社发行 各地新华书店经销 * 2009年7月第 一 版 开本:787×1092 1/16 2009年7月第一次印刷 印张:24 印数:1— 1 500 字数:550 000 定价:280.00元 (如有印装质量问题,我社负责调换) 09060646-fei1-3.indd 3 2009-11-23 14:55:14 序 自从1996年我们在深圳建立兰科植物保护园之后,园中的兰花一直在急剧地增 加,这主要是由于有关的执法部门不断地将没收的兰花送来我园进行栽培与保育。 与此同时,我们对兰科植物的研究也在稳步地取得进展。在这个基础上,该兰花保 护园于2005年升格为国家兰科植物种质资源保护中心,隶属于国家林业局主持的全 国野生生物保护及自然保护区建设工程。其后不久,在同地成立了深圳市兰科植物 保护研究中心。 该中心是一个非营利的机构,致力于兰花的研究和保护,其重点是有重要经 济价值的兰科植物,如兜兰属(Paphiopedilum)、兰属(Cymbidium)和石斛属 (Dendrobium)等。其中,兜兰属始终是重中之重。 我们大约在5年前开始对兜兰属植物进行野外观察,并着手编写这部著作。我 们希望向读者详细介绍原产于中国的兜兰属的全部种类以及它们在中国的原生境。 至于非中国产的种类,我们也力求提供尽可能多的彩照,以及每种有一个简要的描 述。我们衷心希望这部著作将帮助读者更好地了解和欣赏这种迷人的兰花,同时鼓 励他们和我们一起保护兜兰。 我们要向P. J. Cribb和O. Gruss表示诚挚的感谢,他们为我们提供了多篇在中国无 法得到的有关新分类群的学术论文。我们还要感谢温垣章为我们提供了部分非国产 种类的彩色照片;感谢叶德平和孙航分别为我们提供了白旗兜兰和秀丽兜兰的彩色 照片;感谢赵木华、容健斯、陈旭辉、余大鹏协助野外调查工作;感谢李振宇、郑 宇云、卢振强、李俊民、钟小红和王文斌在该书编写过程中所给予的诸多帮助。他 们的盛情帮助对于完成该书的编写和出版是至关重要的。 i 09060646-fei4-11-gai1.indd 1 2009-11-23 14:55:45 Preface Since our orchid conservation garden was set up in Shenzhen in 1996, the orchids there had increased greatly. -
The Atlanta Orchid Society Bulletin
The Atlanta Orchid Society Bulletin The Atlanta Orchid Society is affiliated with the American Orchid Society, the Orchid Digest Corporation and the Mid-America Orchid Congress Newsletter Editors: Mark Reinke & Valorie Boyer www.AtlantaOrchidSociety.org June, 2015 Volume 56: Number 08 AUGUST MONTHLY MEETING Monday, August 10, 2015 8:00 PM Atlanta Botanical Garden, Day Hall Speaker: David Johnston Jewell Orchids, Colbert, GA “Introduction to the World of Encyclias” David Johnston of Jewell Orchids has been growing orchids for over 35 years and has been hybridizing orchids for 20 plus years. David graduated in Botany and Horticulture from Iowa State University. He served as director of the ISU Botany and Plant Pathology Research and Clockwise from top left: Teaching Greenhouses for Encyclia randii, Encyclia adenocaula, Encyclia phoenicea, Encyclia plicata variety alba. several years and then decided to In This Issue venture out on his own as Jewell and Puerto Rico. In 2003 David 1 Minutes from the previous Orchids. David was a member of and his wife, Angel, moved their Meeting the Central Iowa Orchid Society household and business from 2 ATLOS Volunteer Listing for almost 30 years and spent a Iowa to Georgia to enjoy a milder number of those years as climate. They have been 3 Events Calendar & president, vice president, and members of the Atlanta Orchid President’s Message also served in other elected Society since 2007. 4 Monthly Ribbon oces. He has a great interest in David will have plants for sale at Winners educating orchid growers and the meeting. developing their skills in growing 11 Recent AOS Awards from the Atlanta Judging Center orchids. -
Taper-Leaved Penstemon Plant Guide
Plant Guide Uses TAPER-LEAVED Pollinator habitat: Penstemon attenuatus is a source of pollen and nectar for a variety of bees, including honey PENSTEMON bees and native bumble bees, as well as butterflies and Penstemon attenuatus Douglas ex moths. Lindl. Plant Symbol = PEAT3 Contributed by: NRCS Plant Materials Center, Pullman, WA Bumble bee visiting a Penstemon attenuatus flower. Pamela Pavek Rangeland diversification: This plant can be included in seeding mixtures to improve the diversity of rangelands. Ornamental: Penstemon attenuatus is very attractive and easy to manage as an ornamental in urban, water-saving landscapes. Rugged Country Plants (2012) recommends placing P. attenuatus in the back row of a perennial bed, in rock gardens and on embankments. It is hardy to USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 4 (Rugged Country Plants 2012). Status Please consult the PLANTS Web site and your State Department of Natural Resources for this plant’s current status (e.g., threatened or endangered species, state noxious status, and wetland indicator values). Description General: Figwort family (Scrophulariaceae). Penstemon attenuatus is a native, perennial forb that grows from a Penstemon attenuatus. Pamela Pavek dense crown to a height of 10 to 90 cm (4 to 35 in). Leaves are dark green, opposite and entire, however the Alternate Names margins of P. attenuatus var. attenuatus leaves are often, Common Alternate Names: taper-leaf penstemon, sulphur at least in part, finely toothed (Strickler 1997). Basal penstemon, sulphur beardtongue (P. attenuatus var. leaves are petiolate, up to 4 cm (1.5 in) wide and 17 cm (7 palustris), south Idaho penstemon (P. attenuatus var. -
Male Secondary Sexual Characters in Aphnaeinae Wings (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
Opusc. Zool. Budapest, 2017, 48(1): 27–34 Male secondary sexual characters in Aphnaeinae wings (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) 1 2 3 4 5 ZS. BÁLINT , A. HEATH , G. KATONA , K. KERTÉSZ & SZ. SÁFIÁN 1Zsolt Bálint, Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Baross u. 13, H-1088, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] 2Alan Heath, Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected] 3Katona Gergely, Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Baross u. 13, -1088, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] 4Krisztián Kertész, Nanostructures Department, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Sciences, Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, POB 49, H-1515 Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] 5Szabolcs Sáfián, Faculty of Forestry, University of West Hungary, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky u. 4, Sopron H-9400, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Male secondary sexual characters have been discovered on the hindwing verso of genera Aphnaeus Hübner, [1819], Cigaritis Donzel, 1847, Lipaphnaeus Aurivillius, 1916 and Pseudaletis Druce, 1888 representing the Palaeotropical subfamily Aphnaeinae (Lycaenidae: Lepidoptera). Relevant wing parts are illustrated, described, and some observations on the organs are briefly annotated. With an appendix and 14 figures. Keywords. Androconia, hair tuft, classification, Palaeotropics, scaling. INTRODUCTION and Eliot 1990). However, Eliot did not indicate any male secondary sexual characters in this ne of the most characteristic features of Lepi- subfamily, nor did any of the previous or sub- O doptera is the scaled membranous wing sur- sequent workers (eg. Stempffer 1954, Heath 1997, face of the imagines. The scales covering the Libert 2013). -
Platanthera Chapmanii: Culture, Population Augmentation, and Mycorrhizal Associations
Platanthera chapmanii: culture, population augmentation, and mycorrhizal associations By Kirsten Poff, B.S. A Thesis In Plant and Soil Science Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Approved Dr. Jyotsna Sharma Chair of Committee Dr. Scott Longing Dr. John Zak Dr. Mark Sheridan Dean of the Graduate School August, 2016 © 2016, Kirsten Poff Texas Tech University, Kirsten Poff, August 2016 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First I would like to thank my mentor and advisor, Dr. Jyotsna Sharma for all of her help and support. She has challenged and encouraged me throughout my program and the duration of this project. Thanks to her, I am light-years ahead of where I was two years ago. Texas Parks and Wildlife is also gratefully acknowledged for funding portions of this study. I also wish to express my gratitude to Dr. John Zak for his enthusiasm and for encouraging my love of microbes. I also gratefully thank Dr. Scott Longing for his advice, and constructive comments. I sincerely thank all three committee members for all the time and energy they have spent on me throughout the duration of my project. I gratefully acknowledge Dr. Jason Woodward for his encouragement and recommendations as well. I also acknowledge Dr. Cynthia McKenney and Mr. Russel Plowman for their support; I now have a passion for teaching, and a much better understanding of what it is like to teach college level courses. I want to also thank Mr. Robby Carlson for his time and technological assistance. -
Cop16 Inf. 34 (English Only / Únicamente En Inglés / Seulement En Anglais)
CoP16 Inf. 34 (English only / Únicamente en inglés / Seulement en anglais) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA ____________________ Sixteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties Bangkok (Thailand), 3-14 March 2013 CITES TRADE – A GLOBAL ANALYSIS OF TRADE IN APPENDIX-I LISTED SPECIES 1. The attached document has been submitted by the Secretariat at the request of the UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC)* in relation to item 21 on Capacity building. 2. The research was facilitated through funds made available by the Government of Germany. * The geographical designations employed in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the CITES Secretariat or the United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The responsibility for the contents of the document rests exclusively with its author. CoP16 Inf. 34 – p. 1 CITES Trade - A global analysis of trade in Appendix I-listed species United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre February, 2013 UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road Cambridge CB3 0DL United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0) 1223 277314 Fax: +44 (0) 1223 277136 Email: [email protected] Website: www.unep-wcmc.org The United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) is the specialist biodiversity assessment centre of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. The Centre has been in operation for over 30 years, combining scientific research with practical policy advice. -
A Review of CITES Appendices I and II Plant Species from Lao PDR
A Review of CITES Appendices I and II Plant Species From Lao PDR A report for IUCN Lao PDR by Philip Thomas, Mark Newman Bouakhaykhone Svengsuksa & Sounthone Ketphanh June 2006 A Review of CITES Appendices I and II Plant Species From Lao PDR A report for IUCN Lao PDR by Philip Thomas1 Dr Mark Newman1 Dr Bouakhaykhone Svengsuksa2 Mr Sounthone Ketphanh3 1 Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 2 National University of Lao PDR 3 Forest Research Center, National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute, Lao PDR Supported by Darwin Initiative for the Survival of the Species Project 163-13-007 Cover illustration: Orchids and Cycads for sale near Gnommalat, Khammouane Province, Lao PDR, May 2006 (photo courtesy of Darwin Initiative) CONTENTS Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations used in this report Acknowledgements Summary _________________________________________________________________________ 1 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) - background ____________________________________________________________________ 1 Lao PDR and CITES ____________________________________________________________ 1 Review of Plant Species Listed Under CITES Appendix I and II ____________ 1 Results of the Review_______________________________________________________ 1 Comments _____________________________________________________________________ 3 1. CITES Listed Plants in Lao PDR ______________________________________________ 5 1.1 An Introduction to CITES and Appendices I, II and III_________________ 5 1.2 Current State of Knowledge of the