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Religious Tolerance in the Eye of Foreign Travelers Prof.As.Dr International Journal of Research (IJR) e-ISSN: 2348-6848, p- ISSN: 2348-795X Volume 2, Issue 2, Feb. 2015 Available at http://internationaljournalofresearch.org Religious tolerance in the eye of foreign travelers Prof.As.Dr. Rudina MITA “Aleksandër Xhuvani” University, Elbasan, Albania [email protected] Msc. Besnik BAJRAMI [email protected] Abstract: For religious diversity and religious tolerance “As they continuously stand together, many as unique phenomenon, fellow inherent in the Christians learn a lot of stuff from the infidels history of the Albanian people have written not (Muslims-author) example how to celebrate on only travelers, politicians, Albanologists, but Friday, which is the main feast of the Turks also representatives of different religions. (Muslims) and other infinite superstitions. Turks Details of his toric documents constitute proof (Muslims-author), as descendents of Christians, of the existences after tolerance and coexistence preserve many of the Christian’s customs; of Albanians smoothly different faiths. This is regarding to feasts, they invite each others in clearly evidenced in many writings and death ceremonies, among celebrations and historical documents, but in accordance with the weddings. Many of these Christians by giving contents of the topic will focus on foreign and taking, believe that they are redeemed travelers and their opinions about this (getting healthy), if they perform some bad phenomenon. It is clear from Mazreku Petër ...” Catholic missionaries in a report of its own sent (So writes Peter the Holy See of Romein1633, in which clearly Mazreku a Catholic missionary in expresses this phenomenon. a report of his Byron stayed in the court of Ali Pasha in Ioannina, found that not all Albanians were own sent the Holy See of Rome in 1633) Muslims, some tribes were Christian, but religion did not change their behavior and Many personalities at any times and from habits. Said the same thing 30 years Grisebach different countries have talked about in the nineteenth century: "The Albanians are a religious tolerance unique phenomenon of population that cannot stand the appearance the Albanian people A lot of scriptures have than many Muslims and Christian are". Not that been published not from foreign travelers Albanians did not knoë ordid not practice curios about this unknown or little known religion, but they had proper respect for each country, either by the Western and Eastern other on issues of common religiousones life. civilization or Balkan politicians, With the spread of Islamin Albanian areas, Albanologists, ambassadors of foreign deepened religious diversity. Like Christianity and Islam among Albanians generally remained countries, representatives of religious a popular religion away doctrinal into lerance beliefs. The curiosity of these personalities and bigotry. stood not only in the recognition of nature, traditions, social customs, Albanian outer Key Words: features but also in the existence of these religious tolerance; religious Diversity; people who had resisted time by surviving. Christianity ; Islam; historical This survival was achieved thanks to their documentation centurial efforts by putting national interests above everything. The existence of those Available online at http://internationaljournalofresearch.org 331 International Journal of Research (IJR) e-ISSN: 2348-6848, p- ISSN: 2348-795X Volume 2, Issue 2, Feb. 2015 Available at http://internationaljournalofresearch.org four religious beliefs became an obstacle in present Orthodox and Catholic delegates achieving the ultimate goal in the creation of (referring to the delegates of the First the Albanian state in 1912. Congress of Elbasan). One of these Beylers The historical documentation summarized told me in a jargon half French, half in the monograph or interesting data Turkish: “He is Catholic, he is Orthodox, summarized in personal diaries of foreign and I am Muslims, but we are all travelers constitute the clearest evidence for Albanians”. (Gabriel Louis-Yaray, Unknown the existence of tolerance and of a smooth Albania, 2006:148-149) coexistence between Albanians of different Gabrie Luis Yarai during his memoirs religions. In accordance to the scope of the mentioned also the fact that the Albanians topic which we have chosen to present today regardless of what faith they belonged to, in this scientific conference we will try to when it came to the state national symbols present evidence of some foreign travelers they were responsive and unique in their who have set foot on the Albanian land. opinions, because for them this was the most The existence of religious beliefs in important and primary thing for their own Albania and the religious affiliation of the existence as a nation. „What has survived in Albanians regardless of their choice, didn‟t the spirit of people from all over the ancient become and obstacle when the country and past of this old breed, it is Epic of nation were risk, and we can say strongly Skanderbeg. The Independent Albania has confirm that they all came together in found precisely his flag, which was once solving the duties and taking decisions when waving in his the capital Kruje, a red flag it was the right the moment under the motto with a black double-headed eagle. Ismail that They were all Albanians. Regarding this Qemali didn‟t leave a cross on the flag, feature of the Albanians Gabriel Louis- while Esat Pashe Toptani put the half-moon Yaray mentions that “The religious issue above the Eagle, but each one of them called bothers the upper layers (Beylers) less than this flag a living symbol of the reborn the political difficulties. I think that I am nation.”( Ibid:148-149) presenting the situation in Albania truthfully Nationalism was primary for the and faithfully, when I say that Albanian Albanians and according to the author all the Beylers try to coordinate their adjuration for others were inconsiderable. He mentions the Muslim religion with a sincere tolerance that: “.... of all the “nationalism” that have towards the Catholic and the Orthodox survived during the Turkish invasion which th faith..... I saw the Imams surrounded by a were reinspired in 19 century by the special respect. I felt all the respect that the immeasurable strength of ideas, the Beylers had for Albanian Muslim order of Albanian nationalism was the most Bektashi sects. I also noticed that those prominent one. All of them can be know by Beylers really intend to make the Muslim a single feature, that is neither the language religion a kind of state religion, but they nor tradition, history, religion, but the frankly want, apparently, to provide a national consciousness”.(Ibid:203) – The complete and true freedom to Orthodox and author further states that: “.... the only nation Catholic Albanians, for the clergy and their in Europe and Turkey, which withstood and religious institutions. I heard them showing didn‟t dissolve, was the Albanian nation. remorse for religious divisions, condemning Some of the Albanians were Christian, while all of them who promoted these, welcoming most of them converted to Islam. But unlike with an open heart and with respect all the the others the Albanian Muslims always Available online at http://internationaljournalofresearch.org 332 International Journal of Research (IJR) e-ISSN: 2348-6848, p- ISSN: 2348-795X Volume 2, Issue 2, Feb. 2015 Available at http://internationaljournalofresearch.org remained an Albanian......... an excellent (Bayram).”(Justin Godart, Albanians diary, 1921- example of the depth and strength of the 1951, 2008:36-37) Albanian national feeling”.(Ibid:204) regarding the the faith had to national According to Hugo Adolf Bernatzik in his unity, what Godarti had observed was that in book "Albania the country of Albanians”, Albania: “Nothing can stop or hinder this another foreign traveler, who had traveled in union and especially religious issues. All our country like many others, hadn‟t missed people are concerned about this unity and noticing the phenomenon of tolerance they claim that this unity stands above all among Albanians. He says: "Patience of religious beliefs, which have no fanatical Albanian, apart from a matter of money or followers (Ibid:47) …national unity is not marriage, is attributed also to religious afraid of the impact of the matters. Catholics, Orthodox Christians and religions…”(Ibid:49) Muslims live in peace in this small country, During his visit in the city of Korca, and often live together even villages. Godarti was assured by the local authorities Religious wars are unknown and that: “…in Albania now you couldn‟t notice inconceivable for the Albanian. In Saint- at all any religious issue. Albania is a Anne, a small mountain village with a country of free thought, where everyone chapel, which is built on the ashes of St. worships and loves his neighbor, no matter Anthony, I saw a church celebration in of what religion he is. Even here Christians which hundreds of people attended ...... but and Muslims make mutual visits for Easter more than half of these were Muslims. and Fitr (Bayram)”(Ibid:75). However, they were treated with a special "Whenever you are called by their affection. Gifts, small memories, biblical Motherland, the Albanians of all religions quotes, etc., were originally given to have unanimously come together and fought them…”( Hugo Adolf Bernatzik, Albania, side by side" - had noticed the prominent Albanian‟s country, 2003:154, 163) French scholar Justin Godard. The perception of the French politician "In different testimonies of these centuries Justin Godart regarding the unique (XVI-XVIII) it is indicated that they are phenomenon observed in Albania, the very shallow in their Christian cult, they religious tolerance, expressed in his latest were said to have Christian name, but no book “Albanian Savants March 1921- faith. (Cherub)”. (Mark Tirta. Mthology among December 1951”, is similar to the idea of Albanians, 2004:39) The most serious scholars Father Gjergj Fishta that between Christians who knew those people well, the oldest in and Muslims in Albania there is peace and the Balkans, who had eaten with them in harmony.
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