DOCSLIB.ORG

Sources, Emission and Exposure for Trichloroethylene (Tce) and Related Chemicals

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sources, Emission and Exposure for Trichloroethylene (Tce) and Related Chemicals EPA/600/R-00/099 March 2001 SOURCES, EMISSION AND EXPOSURE FOR TRICHLOROETHYLENE (TCE) AND RELATED CHEMICALS National Center for Environmental Assessment–Washington Office Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington, DC 20460 DISCLAIMER This report has been reviewed in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES............................................................ x LIST OF FIGURES........................................................... xi PREFACE ................................................................. xii AUTHORS, CONTRIBUTORS, AND REVIEWERS ............................... xiii SECTION A. SUMMARY AND INTRODUCTION ..................................1 SUMMARY..................................................................1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................10 SECTION B. PARENT COMPOUNDS ..........................................13 1.0 TRICHLOROETHYLENE ...............................................13 1.1 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES .........................13 1.1.1 Nomenclature ..............................................13 1.1.2 Formula and Molecular Weight ................................13 1.1.3 Chemical and Physical Properties ..............................13 1.1.4 Technical Products and Impurities ..............................14 1.2 PRODUCTION AND USE .........................................14 1.2.1 Production ................................................14 1.2.2 Uses .....................................................14 1.2.3 Disposal ..................................................15 1.3 POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE.............................15 1.3.1 Natural Occurrence .........................................15 1.3.2 Occupational Exposure ......................................15 1.3.3 Environmental .............................................15 1.4 HUMAN EXPOSURE AND POPULATION ESTIMATES ...............23 1.4.1 General U.S. Population .....................................23 1.4.2 Occupational Exposure ......................................26 1.4.3 Consumer Exposure .........................................27 1.5 CHAPTER SUMMARY...........................................27 2.0 TETRACHLOROETHYLENE (PERCHLOROETHYLENE) ....................30 2.1 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES .........................30 2.1.1 Nomenclature ..............................................30 2.1.2 Formula and Molecular Weight ................................30 2.1.3 Chemical and Physical Properties ..............................30 2.1.4 Technical Products and Impurities ..............................31 2.2 PRODUCTION AND USE .........................................31 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) 2.2.1 Production ................................................31 2.2.2 Uses .....................................................32 2.2.3 Disposal ..................................................32 2.3 POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE.............................32 2.3.1 Natural Occurrence .........................................32 2.3.2 Occupational ..............................................32 2.3.3 Environmental .............................................33 2.4 HUMAN EXPOSURE AND POPULATION ESTIMATES ...............40 2.4.1 General U.S. Population .....................................40 2.4.2 Occupational Exposure ......................................41 2.4.3 Consumer Exposure .........................................41 2.5 CHAPTER SUMMARY...........................................41 3.0 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE (METHYL CHLOROFORM) .....................44 3.1 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES .........................44 3.1.1 Nomenclature ..............................................44 3.1.2 Formula and Molecular Weight ................................44 3.1.3 Chemical and Physical Properties ..............................44 3.1.4 Technical Products and Impurities ..............................45 3.2 PRODUCTION AND USE .........................................45 3.2.1 Production ................................................45 3.2.2 Uses .....................................................46 3.2.3 Disposal ..................................................46 3.3 POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE.............................46 3.3.1 Natural Occurrence .........................................46 3.3.2 Occupational ..............................................46 3.3.3 Environmental .............................................47 3.4 HUMAN EXPOSURE AND POPULATION ESTIMATES ...............52 3.4.1 General U.S. Population .....................................52 3.4.2 Occupational Exposure ......................................52 3.4.3 Consumer Exposure ........................................54 3.5 CHAPTER SUMMARY...........................................54 4.0 1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE .............................................56 4.1 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES .........................56 4.1.1 Nomenclature ..............................................56 4.1.2 Formula and Molecular Weight ................................56 4.1.3 Chemical and Physical Properties ..............................56 4.1.4 Technical Products and Impurities ..............................57 4.2 PRODUCTION AND USE .........................................57 4.2.1 Production ................................................57 4.2.2 Uses .....................................................57 4.2.3 Disposal ..................................................58 4.3 POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE.............................58 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) 4.3.1 Natural Occurrence .........................................58 4.3.2 Occupational ..............................................58 4.3.3 Environmental .............................................58 4.4 HUMAN EXPOSURE AND POPULATION ESTIMATES ...............62 4.4.1 General U.S. Population .....................................62 4.4.2 Occupational Exposure ......................................62 4.4.3 Consumer Exposure .........................................64 4.5 CHAPTER SUMMARY...........................................64 5.0 CIS-1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE .........................................65 5.1 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES .........................65 5.1.1 Nomenclature ..............................................65 5.1.2 Formula and Molecular Weight ................................65 5.1.3 Chemical and Physical Properties ..............................65 5.1.4 Technical Products and Impurities ..............................66 5.2 PRODUCTION AND USE .........................................66 5.2.1 Production ................................................66 5.2.2 Uses .....................................................66 5.2.3 Disposal ..................................................67 5.3 POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE.............................67 5.3.1 Natural Occurrence .........................................67 5.3.2 Occupational ..............................................67 5.3.3 Environmental .............................................67 5.4 HUMAN EXPOSURE AND POPULATION ESTIMATES ...............70 5.4.1 General U.S. Population .....................................70 5.4.2 Occupational Exposure ......................................70 5.4.3 Consumer Exposure .........................................70 6.0 TRANS-1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE ......................................71 6.1 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES .........................71 6.1.1 Nomenclature ..............................................71 6.1.2 Formula and Molecular Weight ................................71 6.1.3 Chemical and Physical Properties ..............................71 6.1.4 Technical Products and Impurities ..............................72 6.2 PRODUCTION AND USE .........................................72 6.2.1 Production ................................................72 6.2.2 Uses .....................................................72 6.2.3 Disposal ..................................................73 6.3 POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE.............................73 6.3.1 Natural Occurrence .........................................73 6.3.2 Occupational ..............................................73 6.3.3 Environmental .............................................73 6.4 HUMAN EXPOSURE AND POPULATION ESTIMATES ...............76 6.4.1 General U.S. Population .....................................76 v TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) 6.4.2 Occupational Exposure ......................................76 6.4.3 Consumer Exposure .........................................76 7.0 1,1,1,2-TETRACHLOROETHANE ........................................77 7.1 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES .........................77 7.1.1 Nomenclature ..............................................77 7.1.2 Formula and Molecular Weight ................................77 7.1.3 Chemical and Physical Properties ..............................77 7.1.4 Technical Products and Impurities ..............................78 7.2 PRODUCTION AND USE .........................................78 7.2.1 Production ................................................78 7.2.2 Uses .....................................................78 7.2.3 Disposal ..................................................79 7.3 POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE.............................79
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Magnesium Causes Nitric Oxide Independent Coronary Artery Vasodilation in Humans Heart: First Published As 10.1136/Hrt.86.2.212 on 1 August 2001
    212 Heart 2001;86:212–216 Magnesium causes nitric oxide independent coronary artery vasodilation in humans Heart: first published as 10.1136/hrt.86.2.212 on 1 August 2001. Downloaded from H Teragawa, M Kato, T Yamagata, H Matsuura, G Kajiyama Abstract Objective—To determine how magnesium aVects human coronary arteries and whether endothe- lium derived nitric oxide (EDNO) is involved in the coronary arterial response to magnesium. Design—Quantitative coronary angiography and Doppler flow velocity measurements were used to determine the eVects of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) on magnesium induced dilation of the epicardial and resistance coronary arteries. Setting—Hiroshima University Hospital a tertiary cardiology centre. Patients—17 patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries. Interventions—Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) (0.02 mmol/min and 0.2 mmol/min) was infused for two minutes into the left coronary ostium before and after intracoronary infusion of L-NMMA. Main outcome measures—Diameter of the proximal and distal segments of the epicardial cor- onary arteries and coronary blood flow. Results—At a dose of 0.02 mmol/min, MgSO4 did not aVect the coronary arteries. At a dose of 0.2 mmol/min, MgSO4 caused coronary artery dilation (mean (SEM) proximal diameter 3.00 (0.09) to 3.11 (0.09) mm; distal 1.64 (0.06) to 1.77 (0.07) mm) and increased coronary blood flow (79.3 (7.5) to 101.4 (9.9) ml/min, p < 0.001 v baseline for all). MgSO4 increased the changes in these parameters after the infusion of L-NMMA (p < 0.001 v baseline).
    [Show full text]
  • This Table of Gas and Materials Compatibility
    Materials Compatibility Section G – Technical Data Section G – Technical Gas Compatibility Directions The compatibility data shown on pages To use the compatibility chart on the 2 and 3 of this Section G have been following pages, proceed as follows: compiled to assist in evaluating ap- 1 3 propriate materials for use in handling various gases. It is extremely important Locate the gas you are using in the Refer to the applicable “Key to that all gas control equipment be com- first column of the chart. Materials Compatibility Symbol”. patible with the gas being used. The 2 4 use of a device that is not compatible Check the materials of construction Verify that the “Key to Materials may damage the unit and cause a leak you intend to use. Materials of Compatibility Symbol” allows this that could result in property damage Construction have been grouped by combination and that the application or personal injury. To reduce potentially metals, plastics and elastomers. is satisfactory. harmful situations, always check for the compatibility of equipment and materials before using any gases in Key to Materials Compatibility your gas control equipment. S – Satisfactory for use with the intended gas. Since combinations of gases are C – Conditional. May be incompatible under some circumstances or conditions. virtually unlimited, mixtures (except Contact your Praxair representative for additional information. for Oxyfume® and Medifume® steril- U – Unsatisfactory for use with the intended gas. izing gas mixtures) are not listed in the Compatibility Chart. Before using a I – Insufficient data available to determine compatibility with the gas mixture or any gas not listed in the intended gas.
    [Show full text]
  • Problem Formulation of the Risk Evaluation for Perchloroethylene (Ethene, 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro)
    EPA Document# EPA-740-R1-7017 May 2018 DRAFTUnited States Office of Chemical Safety and Environmental Protection Agency Pollution Prevention Problem Formulation of the Risk Evaluation for Perchloroethylene (Ethene, 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro) CASRN: 127-18-4 May 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................ 8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................. 11 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 14 1.1 Regulatory History ..................................................................................................................... 16 1.2 Assessment History .................................................................................................................... 16 1.3 Data and Information Collection ................................................................................................ 18 1.4 Data Screening During Problem Formulation ............................................................................ 19 2 PROBLEM FORMULATION ................................................................................................. 20 2.1 Physical and Chemical Properties .............................................................................................. 20 2.2 Conditions of Use ......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • THE ACCUMULATION and DISTRIBUTION of EVANS BLUE in the KIDNEY of RATS FED NORMAL OR LOW MAGNESIUM DIETS by George Williams Seign
    THE ACCUMULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF EVANS BLUE IN THE KIDNEY OF RATS FED NORMAL OR LOW MAGNESIUM DIETS by George Williams Seignious, IV Thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in ! Biochemistry and Nutrition APPROVED: G. E. Bunce, Chairman R. E. Webb ______ fl" ________ M;O. ......... ..;:;...; ___'"";:,....:; __.;..,. ___ _ _.. ''-.::;,,/ ___ , _______ ,_.._~_ M. H. Samli R. G. Saacke August, 1973 Blacksburg, Virginia . l\CKNOWLEDGMEN',rS The author of this thesis would like to e~press his deepest thanks and gra'titU;de to for his.continued help, advice, and . ·. .. : .. - understanding which made this thesis possible •. A special note of ·"· thanks is expressed.to whos_e invaluable help, advice arid suggestions aided greatly the author's efforts. The author would also like to thank for his. help and advice in the lab and all the other graduate students who made the author's stay at Virginia.Tech i{ very pleasant _one. Thanks is expressed to the author's wife, , for .her love, understanding, encouragement, and typing which· enabled the completion of this thesis. Also the author would like.to thank his parents for their lc;rving support and financial assistance. ii 'TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ii. TABLE OF CONTENTS . iii I,.IST OF TABLES iv LIST OF FIGURES Vi LIST OF SELECTED CHEMICAL STRUCTURES vii LIST OF·ABBREVIATIONS viii INTRODUCTION 1 LITERATURE REVIEW 5 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES RESULTS 33 DISCUSSION 74 SUMMARY 82 REFERENCES 85 VITA 88 iii ~· ,,;.
    [Show full text]
  • Toxicological Profile for Tetrachloroethylene
    TETRACHLOROETHYLENE 263 6. POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE 6.1 OVERVIEW Tetrachloroethylene has been identified in at least 949 of the 1,854 hazardous waste sites that have been proposed for inclusion on the EPA National Priorities List (NPL) (ATSDR 2017a). However, the number of sites evaluated for tetrachloroethylene is not known. The frequency of these sites can be seen in Figure 6-1. Of these sites, 943 are located within the United States, 3 are located in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (not shown), 1 is located in Guam (not shown), and 1 is located in the Virgin Islands (not shown). Tetrachloroethylene is a VOC that is widely distributed in the environment. It is released to the environment via industrial emissions and from building and consumer products. Releases are primarily to the atmosphere. However, the compound is also released to surface water and land in sewage sludges and in other liquid and solid waste, where its high vapor pressure and Henry's law constant usually result in its rapid volatilization to the atmosphere. Tetrachloroethylene has relatively low solubility in water and has medium-to-high mobility in soil; thus, its residence time in surface environments is not expected to be more than a few days. However, it persists in the atmosphere for several months and can last for decades in the groundwater. Background tetrachloroethylene levels in outdoor air are typically <1 μg/m3 (0.15 ppb) for most locations (EPA 2013h, 2018); however, indoor air at source dominant facilities (e.g., dry cleaners) has been shown to have levels >1 mg/m3 (Chiappini et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Zinc, Magnesium and NMDA Receptor Alterations in the Hippocampus of Suicide Victims
    Journal of Affective Disorders 151 (2013) 924–931 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Affective Disorders journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jad Research report Zinc, magnesium and NMDA receptor alterations in the hippocampus of suicide victims Magdalena Sowa-Kućma a,n, Bernadeta Szewczyk a, Krystyna Sadlik b, Wojciech Piekoszewski c,d, Franciszek Trela e,Włodzimierz Opoka f, Ewa Poleszak g, Andrzej Pilc a,h, Gabriel Nowak a,i a Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland b Institute of Forensic Research, Kraków, Poland c Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland d Laboratory of High Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Regional Laboratory of Physicochemical Analysis and Structural Research, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland e Department of Forensic Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland f Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland g Department of Applied Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland h Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland i Chair of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland article info abstract Article history: Background: There is evidence for an association between suicidal behavior and depression. Accumulat- Received 27 May 2013 ing data suggests that depression is related to a dysfunction of the brain's glutamatergic system, and that Received in revised form the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor plays an important role in antidepressant activity. Zinc and 9 August 2013 magnesium, the potent antagonists of the NMDA receptor complex, are involved in the pathophysiology Accepted 9 August 2013 of depression and exhibit antidepressant activity.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemistry 234 Chapter 16 Problem Set Electrophilic Aromatic
    Chemistry 234 Chapter 16 Problem Set Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution 1) Predict the product and draw the mechanism for electrophile generation for each of the following reactions. Cl (a) 2 FeCl3 HNO3 (b) H2SO4 SO (c) 3 H2SO4 2) Explain why reaction of benzene with Br2/FeBr3 results in the product bromobenzne instead of 5,6-dibromo-1,3-cyclohexadiene. 3) Predict the product and draw the active electrophile for each reaction shown below. Cl (a) AlCl3 Cl (b) AlCl3 Cl O (c) AlCl3 Page 1 of 13 Chem. 234 – Chapter 16 Problem Set 4) Explain why each of the following substrates do not undergo Freidel-Crafts reactions. NH2 NO2 N(CH3)3 NH 5) Arrange the following benzene substituents in order of reactivity in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. O Cl Ph Ph N Ph Ph H O N H S Ph N Ph Ph Ph O O 6) Predict the maJor products when the following benzene derivatives are treated to nitration conditions (HNO3/H2SO4). a. O Br b. NH2 Br c. NO2 Cl 7) Write the full electron pushing mechanism for the nitration of toluene. Page 2 of 13 Chem. 234 – Chapter 16 Problem Set 8) Predict the product(s) when each of the following benzene derivatives is treated to chloroethane and AlCl3. a. Br b. NH2 Cl c. OH Br d. OH Cl Cl e. NO2 Cl Cl f. Br Br g. SO3H Page 3 of 13 Chem. 234 – Chapter 16 Problem Set 9) Predict the product(s) when the following benzene derivatives are subjected to electrophilic chlorination conditions (Cl2, FeCl3).
    [Show full text]
  • United States Patent Office Patented Feb
    3,794,643 United States Patent Office Patented Feb. 26, 1974 1. 2 3,794,643 aZolinedione derivatives are produced by reacting the QUINAZOLINEDONE DERIVATIVES compounds having the following general formula: Takahiro Yabuuchi, Takarazuka, and Hajime Fujimura, Akira Nakagawa, and Ryuichi Kimura, Kyoto, Japan, assignors to Hisamitsu Pharmaceutical Co., Inc., Tosu, Saga Prefecture, Japan No Drawing. Filed Apr. 20, 1971, Ser. No. 135,693 int, C. C07, 51/48 U.S. C. 260-260 8 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE O The present invention relates to novel quinazolinedione R3 R2 derivatives possessing excellent anti-inflammatory action and analgesic action, and process for the production (wherein R2 and/or Rs have the same meaning as men thereof by reacting the compounds having the following 5 tioned above) with the general formula, RX or RSO, general formula, (wherein R represents the same substances as mentioned O above), R represents lower alkyl radical, and X repre C Sents halogen atom). Consequently, the reaction of the present invention can be understood as being alkylation. 20 The abovementioned compounds used as starting reac tion materials in the present invention can be obtained in good yield by reacting N-phenylanthranilic acid or N substituted phenylanthranilic acid with urea. The quinazolinedione derivatives used as the afore Rs R 25 said starting reaction materials include 1-phenyl-2,4- (1H,3H)-quinazolinedione or 1-substituted phenyl-2,4- (1H,3H)-quinazolinedione, for example, (wherein R and/or R3 represent hydrogen atom, CFs, 1-(3'-triuuoromethylphenyl-2,4(1H,3H)-
    [Show full text]
  • Safety Data Sheet
    SAFETY DATA SHEET Revision Date 13-Dec-2020 Revision Number 6 SECTION 1: IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE AND OF THE COMPANY/UNDERTAKING 1.1. Product identifier Product Description: Neopentyl alcohol Cat No. : 128250000; 128250100; 128250500 Synonyms 2,2-Dimethyl-1-propanol CAS-No 75-84-3 EC-No. 200-907-3 Molecular Formula C5 H12 O 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Recommended Use Laboratory chemicals. Uses advised against No Information available 1.3. Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Company UK entity/business name Fisher Scientific UK Bishop Meadow Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RG, United Kingdom EU entity/business name Acros Organics BVBA Janssen Pharmaceuticalaan 3a 2440 Geel, Belgium E-mail address [email protected] 1.4. Emergency telephone number For information US call: 001-800-ACROS-01 / Europe call: +32 14 57 52 11 Emergency Number US:001-201-796-7100 / Europe: +32 14 57 52 99 CHEMTREC Tel. No.US:001-800-424-9300 / Europe:001-703-527-3887 SECTION 2: HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 2.1. Classification of the substance or mixture CLP Classification - Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 Physical hazards Flammable solids Category 2 (H228) Health hazards ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ACR12825 Page 1 / 10 SAFETY DATA SHEET Neopentyl alcohol Revision Date 13-Dec-2020 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Acute Inhalation Toxicity - Dusts and Mists (H332) Category 4 Specific target organ toxicity - (single exposure) (H335) Category 3 (H336) Environmental hazards Based on available data, the classification criteria are not met Full text of Hazard Statements: see section 16 2.2.
    [Show full text]
  • Magnesium Production
    Magnesium Production Subpart T, Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program Under the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program (GHGRP), owners or operators of facilities that contain magnesium production processes must report emissions from use of cover and carrier gases as well as for all other source categories located at the facility for which methods are defined in the rule. Owners and operators are required to collect emission data, calculate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and follow the specified procedures for quality assurance, missing data, recordkeeping, and reporting per the requirements of 40 CFR Part 98 Subpart T – Magnesium Production. How Is This Source Category Defined? The magnesium production source category is defined as consisting of any process where magnesium metal is produced through smelting (including electrolytic smelting), refining, or remelting operations (including primary production facilities that extract magnesium from its ore and secondary production facilities that recover magnesium from scrap), or any process where molten magnesium is used in alloying, casting, drawing, extruding, forming, or rolling operations. Who Must Report? Magnesium production facilities that emit more than 25,000 metric tons CO2e per year. What Greenhouse Gases Must Be Reported? Each facility must report total annual emissions for each of the following greenhouse gases used in magnesium production facilities: ● Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) ● HFC-134a ● The fluorinated ketone FK 5-1-12 ● Carbon dioxide (CO2) ● Any other GHG as defined in 40 CFR part 98, subpart A (General Provisions) of the rule In addition, the facility must report greenhouse gas emissions for any other source categories for which calculation methods are provided in the rule, as applicable.
    [Show full text]
  • Safety Data Sheet
    SAFETY DATA SHEET 1. Identification Product identifier Jump Start® Starting Fluid Other means of identification Product Code No. 05671 (Item# 1003843) Recommended use Starting fluid Recommended restrictions None known. Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufactured or sold by: Company name CRC Industries, Inc. Address 885 Louis Dr. Warminster, PA 18974 US Telephone General Information 215-674-4300 Technical Assistance 800-521-3168 Customer Service 800-272-4620 24-Hour Emergency 800-424-9300 (US) (CHEMTREC) 703-527-3887 (International) Website www.crcindustries.com 2. Hazard(s) identification Physical hazards Flammable aerosols Category 1 Gases under pressure Compressed gas Health hazards Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2 Carcinogenicity Category 2 Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure Category 3 narcotic effects Aspiration hazard Category 1 Environmental hazards Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute Category 2 hazard Hazardous to the aquatic environment, Category 3 long-term hazard OSHA defined hazards Not classified. Label elements Signal word Danger Hazard statement Extremely flammable aerosol. Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated. May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways. Causes skin irritation. May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Suspected of causing cancer. Toxic to aquatic life. Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects. Material name: Jump Start® Starting Fluid SDS US No. 05671 (Item# 1003843) Version #: 01 Issue date: 08-29-2017 1 / 10 Precautionary statement Prevention Obtain special instructions before use. Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking. Do not spray on an open flame or other ignition source.
    [Show full text]
  • Euthanasia of Experimental Animals
    EUTHANASIA OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS • *• • • • • • • *•* EUROPEAN 1COMMISSIO N This document has been prepared for use within the Commission. It does not necessarily represent the Commission's official position. A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int) Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1997 ISBN 92-827-9694-9 © European Communities, 1997 Reproduction is authorized, except for commercial purposes, provided the source is acknowledged Printed in Belgium European Commission EUTHANASIA OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS Document EUTHANASIA OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS Report prepared for the European Commission by Mrs Bryony Close Dr Keith Banister Dr Vera Baumans Dr Eva-Maria Bernoth Dr Niall Bromage Dr John Bunyan Professor Dr Wolff Erhardt Professor Paul Flecknell Dr Neville Gregory Professor Dr Hansjoachim Hackbarth Professor David Morton Mr Clifford Warwick EUTHANASIA OF EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS CONTENTS Page Preface 1 Acknowledgements 2 1. Introduction 3 1.1 Objectives of euthanasia 3 1.2 Definition of terms 3 1.3 Signs of pain and distress 4 1.4 Recognition and confirmation of death 5 1.5 Personnel and training 5 1.6 Handling and restraint 6 1.7 Equipment 6 1.8 Carcass and waste disposal 6 2. General comments on methods of euthanasia 7 2.1 Acceptable methods of euthanasia 7 2.2 Methods acceptable for unconscious animals 15 2.3 Methods that are not acceptable for euthanasia 16 3. Methods of euthanasia for each species group 21 3.1 Fish 21 3.2 Amphibians 27 3.3 Reptiles 31 3.4 Birds 35 3.5 Rodents 41 3.6 Rabbits 47 3.7 Carnivores - dogs, cats, ferrets 53 3.8 Large mammals - pigs, sheep, goats, cattle, horses 57 3.9 Non-human primates 61 3.10 Other animals not commonly used for experiments 62 4.
    [Show full text]