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RUSSISCHE FILMMUSIK Des 20 SIKORSKI MUSIKVERLAGE WWW.SIKORSKI.DE AUSGABE 3. 2019 RUSSISCHE FILMMUSIK des 20. Jahrhunderts INHALT / CONTENT Liebe Leserinnen, 03 liebe Leser, Russische Filmmusik des 20. Jahrhunderts historische Filme wie Sergej Eisensteins „Panzer- 06 kreuzer Potemkin“, „Alexander Newski“ oder „Iwan Aram Grosny“ sind nicht nur bildgewaltig und dramatur- Chatschaturjan gisch meisterhaft. Sie enthalten auch Soundtracks, 09 die Musikgeschichte geschrieben haben. Sergej Sergej Prokofjews Partitur zu „Alexander Newski“ etwa Prokofjew war dem Regisseur in den 1930er Jahren so wichtig, 16 dass er die Bilder auf die Musik schneiden ließ. Alfred Schnittke Wir haben mit unserer jahrzehntelangen Verbindung 33 zur russischen Musik des 20. Jahrhunderts wahre Dmitri Schätze der Filmmusik in den Archiven. Das nun Schostakowitsch erscheinende Verzeichnis „Russische Filmmusik 46 des 20. Jahrhunderts“ listet alle verfügbaren Daten Georgi zu vorhandenen Aufführungsmaterialien, Filmen und Swiridow Bearbeitungen auf. Überdies enthält es Verweise, wo die zur Musik passenden Filme gegebenenfalls ausgeliehen werden können. Wir freuen uns, in diesem Verzeichnis auch eine Reihe neuer Suitenbearbeitungen von Filmmusiken Alfred Schnittkes für das Konzertprogramm erst- mals vorstellen zu dürfen. Erarbeitet hat sie der Film- musikspezialist und Chefdirigent der Europäischen FilmPhilharmonie Frank Strobel. Begleiten Sie uns auf eine Reise durch die russische Film(musik)geschichte, Dagmar Sikorski Kennen Sie auch die anderen Dr. Axel Sikorski Hefte des SIKORSKI Magazins? IMPRESSUM FOTONACHWEISE Quartalsmagazin der S. 09 Sergej Prokofjew” © Courtesy of The Serge Prokofiev Foundation SIKORSKI MUSIKVERLAGE S. 32 Plakat „Der Meister und Margarita” © wikipedia erscheint mind. 4x im Jahr Zu Panzerkreuzer Potemkin © Dt. Kinemathek kostenfrei Allen anderen Fotos © Bereitstellung Europäische FilmPhilharmonie, Berlin – MOSFILM Alle anderen Komponisten-Fotos © Archiv SIKORSKI VERLAG Internationale Musikverlage Hans Sikorski GmbH & Co. KG Johnsallee 23, 20148 Hamburg T +49 40 41 41 00-0 F +49 40 41 41 00-60 HINWEIS Wo möglich haben wir die Inhaber aller Urheberrechte der Fotos/Illustrationen ausfindig gemacht. [email protected] Sollte dies im Einzelfall nicht ausreichend gelungen oder es zu Fehlern gekommen sein, bitten wir die Urheber, www.sikorski.de sich bei uns zu melden, damit wir berechtigten Forderungen umgehend nachkommen können. REDAKTION DATENSCHUTZ Wir hoffen, dass Ihnen unser Magazin gefällt. Sollten Sie mit der Zusendung nicht Helmut Peters einverstanden sein, so lassen Sie uns dies bitte wissen, am einfachsten per E-Mail an [email protected]. Wir verwenden Ihre Daten ausschließlich zum Zweck der Magazinzustellung. Sie können hiergegen ARTWORK Widerspruch einlegen, haben das Recht auf Einsicht sowie die Löschung Ihrer Daten, wenn dem keine Jo Kühmstedt, J4-Studio.com anderen gesetzlichen Verpflichtungen entgegen stehen. Wir geben Ihre Daten nicht an Dritte weiter. 2 SIKORSKI MAGAZIN 03.2019 RUSSISCHE FILMMUSIK Russische Filmmusik des 20. Jahrhunderts Es gibt Filme, deren Soundtracks bekannter wurden Parallel dazu entwickelte sich seit den neunziger als die Filme selbst. Und es gibt Filme, die ohne die Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts das Genre der Film- dazugehörigen Filmmusiken für jeden Betrachter musikkonzerte, bei denen große Klassiker der Kino- gewiss kaum vorstellbar wären. Das Bild und die geschichte über eine große Bühnenleinwand mit Musik stellen in der Entwicklung des Films im 20. live dazu gespielter Musik präsentiert werden. Der Jahrhundert eine organische Einheit dar und haben Dirigent und Arrangeur Frank Strobel und die Euro- sich vielfach gegenseitig befruchtet. Viele Filmmusik- päische Filmphilharmonie GmbH Berlin haben in partituren sind dabei von so ausnehmend hoher diesem Bereich Pionierarbeit geleistet und viele Qualität und dramaturgischer Geschlossenheit, dass Partituren und Filme für solche Zwecke überhaupt sie auch im Konzertsaal ohne die Leinwand aufge- erst wieder zugänglich gemacht. führt werden können und bei den Hörern die jewei- ligen Bilder im Geiste entstehen lassen. Von großen Mit Hilfe dieser Institutionen und anhand der in unse- Filmmusikpartituren haben erfahrene Bearbeiter rem Haus aufbereiteten Filmmusikpartituren können wie Lew Atowmjan oder Frank Strobel aus diesem sowohl die Filme als auch die exakt dazu passenden Grund Suiten zusammengestellt, die mittlerweile zu Aufführungsmaterialien bestellt werden. Gerade bei festen Bestandteilen des Konzertprogramms gewor- den Filmen aus der ehemaligen Sowjetunion war es den sind. nicht immer einfach, die korrekten Schnittfassungen 2 3 SIKORSKI MAGAZIN 03.2019 SIKORSKI MAGAZIN 03.2019 RUSSISCHE FILMMUSIK der Filme und die dazu passenden Musiken ausfindig silver screen. Experienced arrangers such as Lev zu machen. Und das Genre befindet sich ja auch Atovmyan and Frank Strobel have compiled suites ständig im Wandel. from major film scores. Many have become firm favourites among the concertgoing public. Man denke etwa an einen großen Filmklassiker wie „Metropolis“ von Fritz Lang, von dem 2008 in Argenti- A parallel development came to the fore during the nien plötzlich eine 35-mm-Vorführkopie aufgefunden 1990s. Film music concerts feature important films worden war, die restauriert wurde und den Film um from cinema history presented on a large screen viele Passagen ergänzte. Dies hatte zur Folge, dass while the score is played live. Conductor and arranger die bis dahin aufgeführte Filmmusik von Gottfried Frank Strobel and the European FilmPhilharmonic Huppertz Lücken aufwies und zeitgenössische Kom- were among the most important pioneers in this new ponisten ergänzende Zwischenspiele hinzufügen sphere, making many scores and films available for mussten. film music concerts. Auch in unseren Katalogen gibt es Beispiele wie With the help of these institutions and using film den Monumentalfilm „Alexander Newski“ von Sergej scores prepared inhouse at Sikorski, the films and Eisenstein mit der Musik von Sergej Prokofjew. In all materials needed to stage performances of the Ermangelung des Originalmanuskripts hatten der US- music are available to order. Finding film versions amerikanische Produzent John Goberman und der with the correct edits and the accompanying score Broadway-Arrangeur William Brohn 1987 versucht, was particularly challenging for films from the Soviet die Filmmusik zu rekonstruieren, indem sie zahlrei- era. This genre is in a state of constant change. che Passagen der Filmkantate op. 78 entnahmen und weitere Teile im Prokofjew-Stil neu hinzukom- One example springs immediately to mind: Fritz ponierten. Erst als man zur Jahrtausendwende im Lang’s classic “Metropolis”. In 2008, a 35mm copy Moskauer Glinka-Museum das Partiturmanuskript suddenly turned up in Argentina. Following restora- Prokofjews fand und dieses über den Sikorski Verlag tion, it substantially extended the film, adding many zugänglich machte, war es Frank Strobel möglich, new sequences. As a result, the score by Gottfried die originale Filmmusik vollständig zu rekonstruieren. Huppertz was incomplete, requiring contemporary composers to add new material to fill in the gaps. In der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts gehörte das Schreiben von Filmmusiken für viele Autoren Other examples featured in our catalogue include osteuropäischer Länder zu einem festen Bestandteil Sergei Eisenstein’s monumental film “Alexander ihrer schöpferischen Arbeit. Vor allem in der Sowjet- Nevsky” and the music composed by Sergei Pro- union nutzten Komponisten wie Alfred Schnittke das kofiev. With the original manuscript lost, American Medium auch deshalb, weil ihre Werke dabei keiner producer John Goberman and Broadway arranger nennenswerten Zensur unterzogen waren wie Werke William Brohn attempted in 1987 to reconstruct für den Konzertsaal. Komponisten wie Schnittke the score by reusing many passages from Cantata traten mit ihren Soundtracks ein großes Erbe an. Op. 78 and adding original compositions in the style Sergej Prokofjew mit seinen gewaltigen, auch vokal of Prokofiev. It was only when Prokofiev’s manu- erweiterten Partituren zu Monumentalfilmen seiner script was found in the early 2000s in Moscow’s Glinka Zeit war ebenso ein Vorbild wie der Sinfoniker Dmitri Museum and made available to Sikorski Music Pub- Schostakowitsch. Dieser hatte als junger Musiker ja lishers that Frank Strobel had all the material nee- noch etliche Stummfilme vom Klavier aus begleitet ded fully to reconstruct the original film score. und eine immense Erfahrung in der musikalischen Begleitung von Filmen gesammelt. For many composers working in Eastern Europe during the second half of the 20th century, film scores were an important part of their work. Soviet composers such Russian Film Music as Alfred Schnittke valued working with film in part of the 20th Century because their scores were not subjected to the same Some film soundtracks are better known than the intense scrutiny by censors as music written for the films they accompanied, while other films would concert hall. When writing film scores, composers like be unimaginable without their evocative scores. Schnittke took on a heavy mantle. Enormous in scope, Throughout the development of film during the 20th Prokofiev’s scores for the monumental films of the era century, pictures and music have combined to form often featured extended vocal arrangements; both he an organic whole, energising and enriching one and symphonic composer Dmitri Shostakovich were another. Many film scores are of such high
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