The Mineral Industries of Europe and Central Eurasia in 2007
2007 Minerals Yearbook EUROPE AND CENTRAL EURASIA U.S. Department of the Interior July 2010 U.S. Geological Survey THE MINERAL INDUS T RIES OF EUROPE AND CEN T RAL EURASIA By Richard M. Levine, Mark Brininstool, Steven T. Anderson, Harold R. Newman, Alberto Alexander Perez, Glenn J. Wallace, and David R. Wilburn The area of Europe and Central Eurasia treated in this In the former centrally planned economy areas, a number of volume encompasses territory that extends from the Atlantic countries of Central Europe (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, coast of Europe to the Pacific coast of the Russian Federation Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Macedonia, and includes the British Isles and Iceland. Greenland, which is Montenegro, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, and Slovenia) located in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, and the Sakhalin and the Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania)—had and the Kurile Islands, which are located off the Sea of Japan in completed the transition to open political systems with the Pacific Ocean and which are political extensions of Denmark market-based economies. The transition among the countries of and the Russian Federation, respectively, are also treated in this the CIS (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, volume. Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Economic integration in Western Europe evolved into the Ukraine, and Uzbekistan) was less complete; some of these formation of the European Union (EU), which is a supranational countries had taken significant steps towards the establishment entity that at yearend 2007 comprised Austria, Belgium, of open political systems and market-based economies, but Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, others had made little progress.
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