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Copyrighted Material Index A3E system 235--6 Amplitude modulation 231--40 ABL system 760--1 Different forms 235--40 Accelerometer 659 Frequency spectrum 232 ACeS (Asia cellular satellite) 512 Noise 233--4 Access track scanner, see optical mechanical Power 233 scanner Amplitude phase shift keying 268 Active altitude control 200 Analogue pulse communication systems Active remote sensing 526 259--61 Active sensors (Remote sensing satellites) Pulse amplitude modulation 259--60 540--2 Pulse position modulation 260--1 Non-scanning sensors 540 Pulse width modulation 260 Scanning sensors 540--2 Anatomy (Launch vehicles) 104--6 Active thermal control 187--8 Liquid fuelled engine 105 Adaptive delta modulator 265 Solid fuelled engine 105 Adjacent channel interference 361--2 Stages 104 Advanced microwave sounding unit Anik-A 17 (AMSU) 585 Anik-B 17 Aerial remote sensing 525 Anik-C 17 Aerostat system 781--3 Anik-D 17 Airship 783 Anik-E 17 Applications 783 Anik-F 17 Components of 782 Anik-G 17 Free balloon 782 Antenna gain-to-noise temperature (G/T) ratio Helikite 782 365 Moored balloon 782 Antenna noise temperature 346--50 PAGEOS 782 Ground noise 347 Tethered balloon 782 Sky noise 348--9 Types of 782 Antenna parameters 207--10 Vega-1/2 782 COPYRIGHTEDAperture MATERIAL 209--10 Akatsuki orbiter 688 Bandwidth 208 Almaz commercial programme Beam width 208 800 EIRP 208 ALOHA 501 Gain 207--8 Slotted ALOHA 501 Polarization 209 Satellite Technology: Principles and Applications, Third Edition. Anil K. Maini and Varsha Agrawal. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Companion Website: www.wiley.com/go/maini3 808 Index Antennas 205--20 Snow and ice studies 598--9 Parameters 207--10 Wind speed and direction 595--6 Types 210--20 Arabsat-5 18, 512 Antenna types 201--20 ARCJET thruster 181--2 Helical antenna 215--7 Argument of perigee 50, 81 Horn antenna 214--5 Arthur C. Clarke 4 Lens antenna 217--8 Ascending nodes 45 Phased array antenna 218--20 Right ascension of 48--9 Reflector antennas 210--4 AsiaSat 512 Apogee 47 Astronomical observations 680--6 Apogee distance 82, 87--90 Apollo telescope mount (ATM) 682 Applications (Military satellites) 718 COBE (Cosmic background explorer) Applications (Navigation satellites) 650--4 681 Civilian applications 651--4 CORONAS (Complex orbital observations of Military applications 650--1 near earth activity of the sun) 682 Applications (Remote sensing satellites) Doppler-Fizeau effect 681 548--58 EXOSAT (European X-ray observatory CHAMP (Challenging mini-satellite payload) satellite) 681 670 Extreme ultraviolet imaging telescope (EIT) Deforestation 553 683 Disaster prediction 555 HETE-2 (High energy transient explorer) Flood monitoring 551 681 Global monitoring 553--5 Hubble space telescope 681 GRACE (Gravity recovery and climate INTEGRAL (International gamma ray experiment) 669 astrophysics laboratory) 681 Land cover change detection 549--50 IRIS (Interface region imaging spectrograph) Land cover classification 548--9 682 Sea surface temperature measurement IRAS (Infrared astronomical satellite) 681 552 ISO (Infrared space observatory) 681 Urban monitoring and development 552 LASCO (Large angle spectroscopic Water quality management 550 coronograph) 683 Applications (Scientific satellites) 665--70 Michelson Doppler imager (MDI) 683 Dynamic geodesy 666 Observation of sun 682--6 Geometric geodesy 666 Orbital solar observatory (OSO) 682 Internal geodynamics 669--70 Solar activity 684--6 Joint gravity model 667 Solar maximum mission (SMM) 683 Space gradiometry 668 Solar physics 683 Space geodesy 665--9 STEREO (Solar terrestrial relations Tectonics 669--70 observatory) 682 Terrestrial magnetic fields 770 TRACE satellite 684 Applications (Weather forecasting satellites) Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) 459 593--9 Atlas series rockets 29, 115--7 Air pollution 596 Atmospheric tether mission (ATM) 778 Cloud parameters 594 Attenuation compensation techniques Fisheries 598 341--2 Fog 596 Diversity 341--2 Ground level temperature 596 Power control 341 Haze 596 Signal processing 341 Oceanography 596--7 Attitude control 199--200 Prediction of hurricanes, cyclones and Automatic tracking 412 tropical storms 597--8 Availability (Networks) 434 Rainfall estimation 594--5 Azimuth angle 81 Index 809 B8E system 238 Re-usable 102 Backscattering coefficient 547 Small launch vehicle 104 Baikonur cosmodrome 133--4 Classification (Remote sensing satellites) Balanced modulator 237--38 526--31 Balanced slope detector 252--3 Code division multiple access 308--15 Bath tub curve 225 Comparison DS-CDMA, FH-CDMA, Batteries 195--8 TH-CDMA 314--315 Lithium ion 197--8 Direct sequence CDMA (DS-CDMA) Nickel-Cadmium 195--6 309--311 Nickel hydrogen 197 Frequency hopping CDMA (FH-CDMA) Nickel metal hydride 196--7 311--3 Bernal sphere 803 Time hopping CDMA (TH-CDMA) 313--34 Bigelow commercial space station 799--800 Commercial space station 801 Bit error rate test (BERT) (Network Reliability) Communication satellite missions 502--14 435 INMARSAT satellite system 506--8 Black powder propellants 108 INTELSAT satellite system 502--6 Block bit error rate test (BLERT) (Network IRIDIUM satellite constellation 508--12 Reliability) 435 National satellite systems 513--4 Bridges 465 Regional satellite systems 512--3 Broadcast satellite service (BSS) earth stations Communication satellites 473--523 382 Applications 474--5 Bukit Timah satellite earth station 426 Frequency bands 475 BURAN 29, 127 Future trends 514--9 Bus topology 442--3 Missions 502--14 Payloads 475--9 C3F system 238 Satellite data communication services Cable TV 485 496--501 Canberra deep space communication complex Satellite radio 496 422--3 Satellite telephony 481--3 Cape Canaveral satellite launch centre 98 Satellite television 484--96 Candy propellants 108 Compass satellite navigation system 648 Cartosat-1, 2 22 Composite propellants 108 Cassini/Huygens 691 Compton gamma ray observatory (CGRO) 707 Network security Central perspective scanner 538 Computer vandalism ( ) 436 DVB Centrifugal force 39 Conditional access ( ) 490 Centripetal force 39 Conical scan 415 Circuit switched networks 447--8 Constituent parts (Space launch centres) 128--9 Civilian applications 651--4 Control centre 128--9 Archeology 653 Launch complex 128--9 Construction 651 Technical centre 128--9 Networks Environment monitoring 653 Cost ( ) 437 Mapping 651--52 Courier-1B 10 Monitoring structural deformations 653 Cross polarization 209 Precision farming 653 Precise timing information 653--4 Data collection system (DCS) 602 Saving lives 652 Data compression (DVB) 490 Vehicle tracking 652 Data interception (Network security) 436 Classification (Launch vehicles) 100--4 Data signals 230 Expendable 101 Dawn (flyby) 690 Heavy lift launch vehicle 102 De-emphasis 249--50 Large launch vehicle 102 Delta series rockets 29, 114--5 Medium launch vehicle 102--4 Demand assigned multiple access 287, 290 810 Index De-polarization compensation techniques 342 Earth coverage 166--70 Descending nodes 45 Effects of altitude 169 Differential absorption lidar 586 Effects of latitude 169 Digital modulation techniques 267--77 Earth’s observation (Scientific satellites) Amplitude phase shift keying 268 670--80 Frequency phase shift keying 268--9 Aeronomy 677--8 Phase shift keying 269--77 ALOS (Advanced land observing satellite) Digital pulse communication systems 261--5 680 Adaptive delta modulator 265 AMPTE (Active Magnetospheric particle Delta modulation 264--5 tracer explorer) 678 Differential PCM 264 CERES (Cloud and earth radiant energy Pulse code modulation 262--3 sensor) 679 Digital video broadcasting 490--5 Earth’s radiation budget) 679 DVB-C 491 ERBE (Earth radiation budget experiment) DVB-H and DVB-SH 494--5 679 DVB-RCS and DVB-RCS2 493 ERBS (Earth radiation budget satellite) 678 DVB-S and DVB-S2 491--2 Ionosphere 671--3 DVB-T and DVB-T2 493--4 Ionospheric composition 671 Direct broadcasting satellite (DBS) services Magnetosphere 673--6 488--9 Magnetospheric waves 675--6 Directed energy laser weapons 752--64 MAPS (Measurement of air pollution from Advanced tactical laser (ATL) 761 satellites) 677 Advantages 753 Ozone measurements 679 Airborne laser (ABL) 760 Polar aurora 671--3 Beam control 764--5 SABER (Sounding of the atmosphere using Chemical lasers 757--9 broadband emission radiometers) 678 Chemical oxy-iodine laser (COIL) 759--61 TIMED (Thermosphere ionosphere Components of 754--5 mesosphere energetics and dynamics) 678 Design parameters 755--6 UARS (Upper atmosphere research satellite) Fiber laser 762 677 Gas dynamic CO2 laser 756--7 Earth station 378--430 HF/DF laser 757--8 Architecture 386--7 426 Laser sources 756--62 Bukit Timah satellite earth station 426 Limitations 753--4 Canberra deep space communication complex Solid state laser 761--2 422--3 Direct sequence CDMA (DS-CDMA) Design considerations 387--8 309--10 Environmental considerations 391--2 Sequence asynchronous DS-CDMA 311 Goldstone deep space communication complex Sequence synchronous DS-CDMA 310--11 423--4 Disaster prediction (Remote sensing satellites) Goonhilly satellite earth station 419--21 555--7 Hardware 398--411 Predicting earthquakes 555--7 Honeysuckle Creek tracking station 424 Predicting volcanic eruptions 557 Indian deep space network 429--30 Doppler lidar 586 INTELSAT teleport earth station 426--27 Double base propellants 108 Kaena point satellite tracking station 426 Dry dock 802 Madley communication centre 421 Madrid deep space communication complex Early bird 13 421--2 Early warning satellites 735--8 Makarios satellite earth station MIDAS system
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