Leitbilder Und Visionen Des Selbstfahrenden Autos

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Leitbilder Und Visionen Des Selbstfahrenden Autos Leitbilder und Visionen des selbstfahrenden Autos von 1956 – 2018 Eine semiotische Analyse der Darstellungen zukünftiger autonomer Personenkraftwagen im populären Bewegtbild DIPLOMARBEIT zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Diplom-Ingenieur im Rahmen des Studiums Media and Human-Centered Computing eingereicht von Michael Macek, BSc Matrikelnummer 0504524 an der Fakultät für Informatik der Technischen Universität Wien Betreuer: Ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Gerald Steinhardt Die approbierte gedruckte Originalversion dieser Diplomarbeit ist an der TU Wien Bibliothek verfügbar. The approved original version of this thesis is available in print at TU Wien Bibliothek. Wien, 10.10.2020 (Unterschrift Verfasser/in) (Unterschrift Betreuer/in) Technische Universität Wien A-1040 Wien ▪ Karlsplatz 13 ▪ Tel. +43-1-58801-0 ▪ www.tuwien.ac.at Die approbierte gedruckte Originalversion dieser Diplomarbeit ist an der TU Wien Bibliothek verfügbar. The approved original version of this thesis is available in print at TU Wien Bibliothek. ERKLÄRUNG Michael Macek, Bsc. Gilmgasse 6/35, 1170 Wien Hiermit erklare ich, dass ich diese Arbeit selbstandig verfasst, die verwendeten Quellen und Hilfsmittel vollstandig angegeben und Stellen der Arbeit – einschließlich Tabellen, Kar- ten und Abbildungen –, die anderen Werken oder dem Internet im Wortlaut oder dem Sinn nach entnommen sind, auf jeden Fall unter Angabe der Quelle als Entlehnung kenntlich ge- macht habe. Wien, 10.10.2020, Michael Macek Die approbierte gedruckte Originalversion dieser Diplomarbeit ist an der TU Wien Bibliothek verfügbar. The approved original version of this thesis is available in print at TU Wien Bibliothek. - i - Die approbierte gedruckte Originalversion dieser Diplomarbeit ist an der TU Wien Bibliothek verfügbar. The approved original version of this thesis is available in print at TU Wien Bibliothek. - - ii DANKSAGUNGEN Zuerst mochte ich Ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Gerald Steinhardt sowie den Tutoren und Studen- ten aus seinem Seminar danken, deren professionelle Kritiken und Meinungen diese Arbeit geformt haben. Danke, gilt auch meiner Familie, im Speziellen Ursula. Danke, fur zahlreiche und zeitintensive konstruktive Kritik und Diskussion an Franz. Dank geht auch an meinen Freundeskreis, im speziellen: Bernhard, Dominik, Georg, Ina, Jenny, Lena, Paul, Philip (in alphabetischer Reihenfolge) die mir unentwegt zuhorten, viele gute Ideen beisteuerten und bei speziellen Fragen halfen, die richtigen Antworten zu finden. Zuletzt ein Danke an all die kreativen Kopfe und Medienmachenden, die Visionen kre- ierten, wie sie hier verwendet wurden. Die approbierte gedruckte Originalversion dieser Diplomarbeit ist an der TU Wien Bibliothek verfügbar. The approved original version of this thesis is available in print at TU Wien Bibliothek. - iii - Die approbierte gedruckte Originalversion dieser Diplomarbeit ist an der TU Wien Bibliothek verfügbar. The approved original version of this thesis is available in print at TU Wien Bibliothek. - iv- ABSTRACT Today, at least every holder of a drivers license knows, what self driving cars are. Most of them will know, that there is some „magic computer technology“ in those cars, so that they can drive autonomously. When today or in a few years people get into those vehicles and submit their control, all that remains is an unpleasant feeling in the gut, although trust has already been established. This trust was created in part by media. As kids, most have seen self driving cars in television and because of that have created a mental image how this technology has to func- tion in the future. Those visions exist as long as there have been cars and especially since the 1950 were spread via media. A loop was created, from the plans of the automotive en- gineers, to the dreams of production designers to the desires of customers or their kids. This thesis shall explore how creators of media envisioned the realistic use of this fu- ture technology and show which motives directed them. By investigation of examples from three eras, changes in the way self driving cars were presented shall be revealed and which traces politics, culture and economics have left in its narrative. It will be shown, how product placement caters their target audience and how the automotive industry tries to shape its own future. In every possible outcome, the car still remains to be an existential part in the lives of the protagonists, adapted to their special en- vironments, may those be family, business, urban or suburban areas. Technological pro- gress in other branches is used to improve upon the experience with autonomous cars. The time gained is not to spare but will be used productively. The visions remain conservative in their social aspects, since those are the anchor to the present of their target audiences. Die approbierte gedruckte Originalversion dieser Diplomarbeit ist an der TU Wien Bibliothek verfügbar. The approved original version of this thesis is available in print at TU Wien Bibliothek. - v - Die approbierte gedruckte Originalversion dieser Diplomarbeit ist an der TU Wien Bibliothek verfügbar. The approved original version of this thesis is available in print at TU Wien Bibliothek. - vi- KURZFASSUNG Jede Inhaberin und jeder Inhaber eines Fuhrerscheins weiß heutzutage was ein selbst- fahrendes Auto ist. Und die meisten davon wissen, dass da „magische Computer Technolo- gie“ in diesen Autos steckt, die sie autonom fahren lassen. Wenn also Menschen heutzutage oder in wenigen Jahren in solch ein Gefahrt steigen und die Steuerung abgeben bleibt an- fangs nur mehr ein mulmiges Bauchgefuhl, aber das Vertrauen in diese Technologie ist be- reits da. Dieses Vertrauen entstand haufig durch den Konsum von Medien. Bereits als Kind hat die eine oder der andere selbstfahrende Autos im Fernsehen erkannt, wodurch ein menta- les Bild erschaffen wurde, wie eine solche Funktionalitat in Zukunft aussehen konnte. Denn diese Visionen bestehen seit es Autos gibt, und werden besonders seit den 1950er Jahren medial verbreitet, so dass ein Kreislauf vermutet werden kann, von Planen der Automobil Ingenieure, zu Traumen von Filmausstattern, zu Wunschen von Automobilkunden. In dieser Arbeit soll ausgefuhrt werden, wie mediale Visionare sich einen realistischen Umgang mit dieser „zukunftigen“ Technik ertraumen und soll auch zeigen, anhand welcher Motive diese geleitet wurden und werden. Anhand verschiedener Beispiele aus drei Zeitpe- rioden soll der Wandel aufgezeigt werden, den die mediale Aufbereitung des selbstfahrend Autos vollzogen hat und welche Entwicklungen in Politik, Kultur und ÖGkonomie sich durch dessen Geschichte widerspiegeln. Es soll gezeigt werden, wie Zielgruppen durch Product Placement bedient werden und die Automobilindustrie ihre eigene Zukunft zu pragen versuchte. In jeder moglichen Zu- kunft spielt das Auto weiterhin eine wesentliche Rolle im Leben der dargestellten Akteure, angepasst an deren Umfeld, sei es Familie, Business, Urban oder Suburban. Dabei bedienen sich die Produzenten an Fortschritten in anderen Technologien, um auch das Auto in die Zukunft zu bringen. Die daraufhin gewonnene Zeit im selbstfahrenden Auto soll dann pro- duktiv genutzt werden. In gesellschaftliche Hinsicht bleiben die Visionen konservativ, sind sie doch der Anker in die jeweilige Gegenwart der Zielgruppen. Die approbierte gedruckte Originalversion dieser Diplomarbeit ist an der TU Wien Bibliothek verfügbar. The approved original version of this thesis is available in print at TU Wien Bibliothek. - vii - Inhaltsverzeichnis Erklärung...........................................................................................................................................i Danksagungen.................................................................................................................................iii Abstract............................................................................................................................................v Kurzfassung....................................................................................................................................vii Problemstellung...............................................................................................................................1 Geschichtliches................................................................................................................................4 ...von der Entwicklung des Automobils.......................................................................................4 ...von den soziologischen Aspekten des Autos...........................................................................4 ...vom selbstfahrenden Auto.......................................................................................................5 ...vom Auto im Film.....................................................................................................................6 ...von Science Fiction im Film......................................................................................................7 ...vom selbstfahrenden Auto im Film..........................................................................................8 Methoden der Analyse aus der Medienwissenschaft.....................................................................9 Filmanalyse..................................................................................................................................9 Semiotik.....................................................................................................................................11
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