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North American Journal of Psychology, 1999. PUB DATE 1999-00-00 NOTE 346P.; Published Semi-Annually DOCUMENT RESUME ED 449 388 CG 029 765 AUTHOR McCutcheon, Lynn E., Ed. TITLE North American Journal of Psychology, 1999. PUB DATE 1999-00-00 NOTE 346p.; Published semi-annually. AVAILABLE FROM NAJP, 240 Harbor Dr., Winter Garden, FL 34787 ($35 per annual subscription). Tel: 407-877-8364. PUB TYPE Collected Works Serials (022) JOURNAL CIT North American Journal of Psychology; vl n1-2 1999 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC14 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Psychology; *Research Tools; *Scholarly Journals; *Social Science Research ABSTRACT "North American Journal of Psychology" publishes scientific papers of general interest to psychologists and other social scientists. Articles included in volume 1 issue 1 (June 1999) are: "Generalist Looks at His Career in Teaching: Interview with Dr. Phil Zimbardo"; "Affective Information in Videos"; "Infant Communication"; "Defining Projective Techniques"; "Date Selection Choices in College Students"; "Study of the Personality of Violent Children"; "Behavioral and Institutional Theories of Human Resource Practices"; "Self-Estimates of Intelligence:"; "When the Going Gets Tough, the Tough Get Going"; "Behaviorism and Cognitivism in Learning Theory"; "On the Distinction between Behavioral Contagion, Conversion Conformity, and Compliance Conformity"; "Promoting Altruism in Troubled Youth"; The Influence of insecurity on Exchange and Communal Intimates"; "Height as Power in Women"; "Moderator Effects of Managerial Activity Inhibition on the Relation between Power versus Affiliation Motive Dominance and Econdmic Efficiency"; and "Downsizing Experience and Gender." Articles in volume 1 issue 2(December 1999) include: "To Thine Own Self be Untrue"; "Training in Psychology and Belief in Recovered Memory Scenarios"; "Effects of Student Academic Presentation on Perceptions of Gender and Sociability"; "Gender Differences in Psychological Distress, Coping, Social Support and Related Variables Following the 1995 Dinal (Turkey) Earthquake"; "Self-Esteem and Sex Attitudes as Predictors of Sexual Abstinence by Inner-City Early Adolescents"; "Comparison of a Physical and Mental Disability in Employee Selection"; "Real and Perceived Impact of the Abbreviated 1998-99 NBA Season on the Final Standings"; "Sub-Goals and Temporal Orientation"; "Evaluation of an Abstinence-Based Curriculum for Early Adolescents"; "Structure of Multicultural Attitudes toward Disabilities"; "Measuring Cue Perception"; "Shyness and Group Brainstorming"; "Interview with the Authors of the Universal Nonverbal Intelligence Test"; "Religious Orientation and Religious Experience"; "Levels of Elaboration, Interference and Memory for Vocabulary Definitions"; "Gender and Humor"; "Preliminary Normative Data on the Depression-Happiness Scale for a Mildly Depressed Group"; and "Impact of Voice on Source Credibility in Advertising." (GCP) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Americ\an Journal of Psych.49'y F) Tol. 1, No. 1 1999 Advisory Editorialoard ADRIAN FURNHAM MANUEL LONDON Psychology Psychology University College London SUNY, Stony Brook RITTA HECKHAUSEN KAREN LYNESS Max Planck Institute for Human Management Development and Education Baruch College, CUNY DOUGLAS JACKSON ROBERT PASNAK Psychology Psychology University of Western Ontario George Mason University HEIDI KELLER RICK RYAN Psychology Psychology University of Ostabruck University of Rochester PHILIP ZIMBARDO Psychology Stanford University Editor LYNN E. McCUTCHEON How to Subscribe to The North American Journal of Psychology All subscriptions are on a calendar year basis only. If you order late in the year, the earlier issues will be sent to you. Institutional rate: $65. Individual rate: $35. Add $7 for Canadian subscriptions. Add $8 for subscriptions outside North America. North American Journal of Psychology is published semi-annually in June and December. North American Journal of Psychology June 1999 Vol. 1, No. I Editor's Comments iii A Generalist Looks at His Career in Teaching: 1 An Interview with Dr. Phil Zimbardo Affective Information in Videos: Effects on Cognitive 17 Performance and Gender Terry A. Anderson & Marc E. Pratarelli Infant Communication 29 Brian Vandenberg Defining Projective Techniques: The Irrelevancy of "Projection" 35 Edwin E. Wagner Date Selection Choices in College Students: Making a Potential 41 Love Connection Christina M. Frederick & Craig S. Morrison A Study of the Personality of Violent Children 51 Elliott H. Schreiber Behavioral and Institutional Theories of Human Resource 57 Practices: An Integrated Perspective A. Amin Mohamed & David Terpstra Self-Estimates of Intelligence: A Cross-Cultural Study from Three 69 Continents Adrian Furnham & Peter Baguma When the Going Gets Tough, the Tough Get Going: Effects of 79 Item Difficulty on Multiple-Choice Test Performance Nicholas F. Skinner Behaviorism and Cognitivism in Learning Theory: Whatever 83 Happened to Neobehaviorism? R. Thomas Dudley On the Distinction Between Behavioral Contagion, Conversion 87 Conformity, and Compliance Conformity Paul R. Nail & Whitney B. Helton Promoting Altruism in Troubled Youth: Considerations and 95 Suggestions Joseph R. Cana le & Sonja R. Beckley The Influence of Insecurity on Exchange and Communal Intimates 103 Ann Zak, Tracy Fancher, Mary Galles, Elanora Tornatore & Erin Waterhouse Height as Power in Women 109 Aaron R. Boyson, Burt Pryor & Jeff Butler Moderator Effects of Managerial Activity Inhibition on the Relation 115 Between Power versus Affiliation Motive Dominance and Economic Efficiency Hallgeir Halvari, Geir Atle Lima & Oivind Aastorp The Downsizing Experience and Gender: Similarities and 135 Differences Theresa Kline & Sheldon Goldenberg 6 Editor's Comments A year has gone by since the decision was made to commit considerable time and resources to this new journal. The North American Journal of Psychology was born out of 25 years of my frustration in dealing with editors, reviewers, and a process that somewhat arbitrarily rewards only a small minority of those who submit good papers. I think NAJP can do better than most of the conventional psychology journals by reducing author frustration, speeding up the review process, accepting good papers rather than rejecting them, and publishing papers in a more timely fashion. I make such bold assertions because I have been fortunate enough to obtain the assistance of Rick Crandall as a consultant. Rick shares my vision of what a good psychology journal should be, and he has transformed that vision into reality as the editor of the Journal of Social Behavior and Personality. I thank Rick for his help in getting NAJP off the launching pad. I also thank the world-class group of scholars who consented to be on the editorial board. I thank the reviewers, all of whom did a marvelous job of critiquing papers promptly and with great insight. Hats off to Tim Massey, who has helped me immensely in my effort to use computer- age technology to speed up the editorial process. Finally,I thank the authors for having the faith and the courage to send their manuscripts to an unknown, untested journal. The past year has been quite a learning experience for me. I tried to perform the duties of an editor to the best of my ability. I hope I have responded quickly, courteously, and capably to the many phone calls, letters, e-mail messages, manuscripts, and faxes that came my way. I expect that NAJP will become more responsive and more efficient in the future. Lynn E. McCutcheon, editor iii 7 A Generalist Looks at His Career in Teaching: An Interview with Dr. Phil Zimbardo Philip G. Zimbardo Stanford University NAJP: Could you give an overview of how you got interested in psychology? PZ: I think I was nurtured into psychology by my early life experiences. I grew up in the South Bronx ghetto. My parents didn't go past the eighth grade and nobody in my extended family ever finished high school, if that far, so education was not a value, or rather it was a luxury we could not afford. Life was about surviving, not reflecting. For poor kids living in the ghetto, several things happen. First, if you're poor, the only important factor you have is people. You don't have material things. You don't have commercial games. You don't have paid entertainment, and back then you didn't have TV or electronic video games, or home entertainment centers. The main thing you had was people and dealing with other people in the streetsthat was our entertainment center. In those days, the world of children excluded adults. You didn't have parents supervising kid's play. Essentially parents told you to get out of the apartment, because they were small and cramped and they wanted quiet time without a bunch of noisy kids around. So you lived and played in the street in front of your tenement. What that meant was you had to learn very quickly to be a personality diagnostician. Who are the people you can trust? Who are the big guys you should ingratiate yourself with? When should you be compliant and conforming? When should you try to be unique, independent and stand out from the gang? What people call "street smarts" is really a blend of this kind of intuitive personality analysis mixed with primitive situational analyses. I was a skinny, sickly kid growing up with really tough kids on East 151' Street. To survive, it was incumbent upon me to learn those skills very quickly and make them operationally effective. And ultimately I did learn those lessons so well that I went from being a lowly follower, tag-a-long, to the Author's info: Correspondence concerning this article should be sent to Phil Zimbardo, Ph.D., Dept. of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305. North American Journal of Psychology, 1999, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1-16. ©1999 NAJP Winter Garden, Florida 2 NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY ring leader, head of the gang, president of the class, captain of the team. That was one set of experiences that got me focused on people, on observing people, trying to understand people, trying to manage impressions and form them of others, and ultimately working to persuade, influence, and manipulate others. A related phenomenon pushed me toward becoming a social psy- chologist.
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