DOCSLIB.ORG

Student Workbook 3-5-2008.Pub

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Student Workbook 3-5-2008.Pub History of the Rogue Valley An Activity Book for Grades 3-5 Name ____________________________ Welcome! You are about to embark on a journey that will explore the History of the Rogue Valley. Your adventure begins at school and continues at North Mountain Park. This workbook will help prepare for your trip and help you remember many of the things you will see and learn about along the way. North Mountain Park Nature Center 620 N Mountain Ave ~ Ashland, OR 541.488.6606 Spring 2008 Pioneer Life Pre-visit Activity Ashland Donation Land Claims — Founding Fathers One of Ashland’s most famous early pioneers is Abel Helman, who sailed from the East Coast to California in search of gold. Not finding any big strikes, Helman decided to see if the Willamette Valley was really the garden of Eden people were talking about. After traveling north and then back into California, Helman decided the Rogue Valley was the place for him, and in 1852 he staked his own donation land claim along Rock Creek, later known as Ashland Creek. Donation Land Claims was land given to married couples by the government in 320-acre parcels. Although he had intended to make a living mining for gold, Helman soon decided that because all of the good claims had already been taken, he would be more successful selling lumber to the miners. Within a few years, Helman, along with fellow pioneer Eber Emery, built a sawmill along Rock Creek. Just a couple of years later, Helman and Emery put their efforts into building a flour mill, also along Rock Creek. By this time it was clear that Helman’s claim was to become the main commercial district for the new town. In 1855, Helman laid out twelve lots around the plaza, and the town of Ashland Mills (named after Helman and Emery’s home county of Ashland, Ohio) became established. Helman School sits on the site of Helman’s origi- nal house. Other pioneers who had original land claims in Ashland included Enoch Walker, whose house still sits on East Main next to Willow Wind School. His claim includes the site where Walker School now sits. There was also James Tolman, whose original land claim now includes the site of Bellview School. The land that is now the site of North Mountain Park was part of the parcel claimed by Ashland pioneer Asa Fordyce under the rules of the Donation Land Claim Act of 1850. Asa brought his family to Oregon from Iowa in 1853. Almost immediately after arriving in the Rogue Valley, Asa was involved in an Indian attack. After being injured from the shot, he stayed with James Tolman until he healed. He was eventually able to make his claim on the land that extended down to Bear Creek and to settle his ranch, which the 2 family owned for many years. Pioneer Life Pre-visit Activity Early Ashland Industries Directions: This picture shows three different mills that were built in Ashland. These mills were all powered by the waters of Ashland Creek and located downtown. First, color the creek blue, the sawmill brown, the flour mill red, and the woolen mill yellow. Then, color in the rest of the picture. You can add more houses if you want. Now draw in some canals that carried water from the creek to these houses for the pioneers’ orchards, farms and ranches. Flour Mill Woolen Mill Sawmill 3 Ranching Pre-visit Activity Learning About Native Plants & Animals The three plants shown on this page are native plants that used to grow in and around Ashland. They helped to provide wild animals with food and shelter. With the coming of the pioneers and their cows, horses, and sheep, many of these plants were eaten or trampled. In order to replace them, new plants have been planted at North Mountain Park. You will get to see these native plants (and others that wildlife need) when you come on your field trip. Deerbrush Ceanothus integerrimu A slender branchy shrub that grows 4-12 feet high Deer like to eat the twigs and leaves Rabbitbrush Chrysothaminum nauseosus Bunch Grass Koeleria cristata 6 inches wide It provides food for quail 4 Ranching Pre-visit Activity Learning About Native Plants & Animals : In this space, draw a picture of each of the three native plants you just learned about. Then read about each plant and find out which animal used each one. Add the animals to your picture. When you come to the park, check to see if your picture looks like the “high desert” of North Mountain Park. 5 Logging Pre-visit Activity Trends in Local Logging People cut down trees from the forest to make lumber and paper. The number of trees that are cut down is related to how much lumber and paper is needed. When Oregon first became a state, only a few trees were cut down. These were used to build houses, farms, and fences. After the railroad was built, logs could be sent by train all over the country, so many more trees were cut. Following World War II, a lot of people built houses, so even more trees were cut in Oregon. Today, we know that by recycling paper and using things besides wood to build with, we won’t need to cut down as many trees. The pictures below show a forest of Jackson County in four different years. a total of 1,000 trees in each forest. Forest ‘A’ 1859 How many trees were left? ______________ So, if 1 tree = 100 real trees, how many trees should you color? ________ Forest ‘B’ Year: 1925 150 trees were cut How many trees were left? ______________ So, if 1 tree = 100 real trees, 6how many trees should you color? _______ Logging Pre-visit Activity Trends in Local Logging (cont.) Forest ‘C’ Year: 700 trees were cut How many trees were left? ______________ So, if 1 tree = 100 real trees, how many trees should you color? _______ Forest ‘D’ Year: 150 trees were cut How many trees were left? ______________ So, if 1 tree = 100 real trees, how many trees should you color? _______ Why do you think there were more trees cut in 1955? How many trees do you think we can cut (out of 1,000) and still have a healthy forest? What are some things, other than wood, that we can use to build houses? 7 What are some things that we can do to use less paper? Logging Pre-visit Activity Ashland Sawmills This is a map of Ashland. All of the historic sawmills are labeled with a wigwam burner. Wigwam burners were used to burn the scrap material that the mill didn’t sell as lumber or wood products. Can you find your school on the map? Circle it. Use a ruler to find out which two historic mill sites are closest to your school and list them here. ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ How many mills were located alon Color Ashland Creek blue. Look back on page 3. railroad tracks? Notice how all of the original mills in town were _______________ built along Ashland Creek. Why do you think the sawmills, which were built much later, did not need to be built along the creek? Why do you think they were built a 8 ____________________________________________ ______________________________ Logging Pre-visit Activity Ashland Sawmills ng the ________________________ along the railroad? 9 ________________________ Logging Pre-visit Activity Ashland Sawmills Study the interpretive cards on the following five mills to answer the questions below. Beagle Cotton Fir McGrew Parson’s 10 NMP Activity Trees Logged in the Rogue Valley At the park, you will read about these three trees that are used in local logging. With a red pencil, circle each animal name that you find in the descriptions. With a brown pencil, circle each item that people use. is a valuable The wood of is is used for lumber, commercial tree for its high- soft, moderately decay- timbers, pilings, and plywood. grade lumber. In addition to resistant, with a strong spicy- The wood is also made into being an ideal wood for resinous fragrance. Incense railroad ties, mine timbers, doors, windows, frames and Cedar is the primary material house logs, posts and poles, drawers, industrial uses for for wooden pencils because it flooring, veneer, pulp, and Ponderosa Pine include tends to sharpen easily without furniture. It is also a popular pallets, concrete forms, crates forming splinters. This wood Christmas tree. Logging and boxes. This tree provides is used as mud sills, window practices have caused Douglas cover for many wildlife sashes, sheathing under stucco Firs to thrive. Its quick growth species including cavity- or brick veneer construction, make it the crop of choice to nesting animals. Acorn greenhouse benches, fencing, replant clear-cut areas. woodpeckers prefer to stash poles, and trellises. Incense Douglas Fir seeds are an their seeds in its trunk. The Cedar is browsed by deer and extremely important food for cones are a favorite food elk, and bear eat the sapwood small mammals. Mice, voles, source for squirrels which on young trees. Mature trees shrews, and chipmunks pull apart the cones to find the provide cover for a host of ate an estimated 65 percent of seeds. Black bear also eat the animals, and the hollowed a Douglas Fir seed crop in cones, and the seeds are eaten trunks make ideal habitats for western Oregon. The seeds are by many birds and small many species of birds and also important in the diets of animals. The needles and mammals. several birds, including sparrows and 11finches.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • “We'll All Start Even”
    Gary Halvorson, Oregon State Archives Gary Halvorson, Oregon State “We’ll All Start Even” White Egalitarianism and the Oregon Donation Land Claim Act KENNETH R. COLEMAN THIS MURAL, located in the northwest corner of the Oregon State Capitol rotunda, depicts John In Oregon, as in other parts of the world, theories of White superiority did not McLoughlin (center) of the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC) welcoming Presbyterian missionaries guarantee that Whites would reign at the top of a racially satisfied world order. Narcissa Whitman and Eliza Spalding to Fort Vancouver in 1836. Early Oregon land bills were That objective could only be achieved when those theories were married to a partly intended to reduce the HBC’s influence in the region. machinery of implementation. In America during the nineteenth century, the key to that eventuality was a social-political system that tied economic and political power to land ownership. Both the Donation Land Claim Act of 1850 and the 1857 Oregon Constitution provision barring Blacks from owning real Racist structures became ingrained in the resettlement of Oregon, estate guaranteed that Whites would enjoy a government-granted advantage culminating in the U.S. Congress’s passing of the DCLA.2 Oregon’s settler over non-Whites in the pursuit of wealth, power, and privilege in the pioneer colonists repeatedly invoked a Jacksonian vision of egalitarianism rooted in generation and each generation that followed. White supremacy to justify their actions, including entering a region where Euro-Americans were the minority and — without U.S. sanction — creating a government that reserved citizenship for White males.3 They used that govern- IN 1843, many of the Anglo-American farm families who immigrated to ment not only to validate and protect their own land claims, but also to ban the Oregon Country were animated by hopes of generous federal land the immigration of anyone of African ancestry.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigating Processes Shaping Willamette Valley
    BEHIND THE SCENES: INVESTIGATING PROCESSES SHAPING WILLAMETTE VALLEY ARCHITECTURE 1840-1865 WITH A CASE STUDY IN BROWNSVILLE by SUSAN CASHMAN TREXLER A THESIS Presented to the Interdisciplinary Studies Program: Historic Preservation and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science June 2014 THESIS APPROVAL PAGE Student: Susan Cashman Trexler Title: Behind the Scenes: Investigating Processes Shaping Willamette Valley Architecture 1840-1865 With a Case Study in Brownsville This thesis has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science degree in the Interdisciplinary Studies Program: Historic Preservation by: Dr. Susan Hardwick Chairperson Liz Carter Committee Member and Kimberly Andrews Espy Vice President for Research and Innovation; Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded June 2014 ii © 2014 Susan Cashman Trexler iii THESIS ABSTRACT Susan Cashman Trexler Master of Science Interdisciplinary Studies Program: Historic Preservation June 2014 Title: Behind the Scenes: Investigating Processes Shaping Willamette Valley Architecture 1840-1865 With a Case Study in Brownsville This thesis studies the diffusion of architectural types and the rise of regionally distinct typologies in the Willamette Valley’s settlement period (1840-1865) in Oregon. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze the dispersion of architectural types within the Willamette Valley revealed trends amongst the extant settlement architecture samples. Brownsville, Oregon, was identified to have a locally-specific architectural subtype, the closer study of which enabled deeper investigation of the development of architectural landscapes during the Willamette Valley’s settlement period.
    [Show full text]
  • Oregon Land Donation Records
    Oregon Land Donation Records Lyn Rasmussen, CGsm FamilySearch Introduction An offer of free land was hard to resist. The Donation Land Claim Act of 1850 offered just that in Oregon Territory’s Willamette Valley. The act became law on September 27, 1850. For those living in the Territory, or who arrived before the December 1, 1850 deadline, the grant was 320 acres for a male citizen 18 or older (or those who had legally declared intention to become a citizen) or 640 acres to a married couple. This legitimized the provisional land claims made before the 1850 act. Disallowed from land were African Americans and Indians, but American Indian half-breeds could apply. Those arriving in Oregon after the December 1, 1850 deadline and before December 1, 1855 (the expiration of the law) were eligible to receive half the amount of donation land. The size of the land piece was dependent upon the date of arrival and the marital status of the claimant. The law allowed for 320 acres of designated land free to a married man and his wife. A single man was eligible for 160 acres. In an extension of the law in 1854 land was available but sold for $1.25 per acre, with the cap of 320 acres. After 1862 the Homestead Law applied to Oregon land. Claimants were to live on the land and cultivate it for four years and after having done so would own it outright.1 The potential for a nice homestead in Oregon was motivation for tens of thousands of white settlers to migrate to the Oregon Territory from 1850 through 1855.
    [Show full text]
  • Interpretation and Conclusions
    "LIKE NUGGETS FROM A GOLD MINEu SEARCHING FOR BRICKS AND THEIR MAKERS IN 'THE OREGON COUNTRY' B~f' Kmtm (1 COfwer~ ;\ th¢...i, ...uhmineJ Ilt SOIl(mla Slale UFU vcr,il y 11'1 partial fulfiUlT'Ietlt of the fCqlJln:mcntfi for the dcgr~ of MASTER OF ARTS tn Copyright 2011 by Kristin O. Converse ii AUTHORlZAnON FOR REPRODUCnON OF MASTER'S THESISIPROJECT 1pM' pernlt"j(m I~ n:pnll.lm.:til.m of Ihi$ rhais in ib endrel)" \Ii' !tbout runt\er uuthorilAtlOO fn.)m me. on the condiHt)Jllhat the per",)f1 Of a,eocy rl;!'(lucMing reproduction the "'OS$. and 1:Jf't)vi~ proper ackruJwkd,rnem nf auth.:If'l'htp. III “LIKE NUGGETS FROM A GOLD MINE” SEARCHING FOR BRICKS AND THEIR MAKERS IN „THE OREGON COUNTRY‟ Thesis by Kristin O. Converse ABSTRACT Purpose of the Study: The history of the Pacific Northwest has favored large, extractive and national industries such as the fur trade, mining, lumbering, fishing and farming over smaller pioneer enterprises. This multi-disciplinary study attempts to address that oversight by focusing on the early brickmakers in „the Oregon Country‟. Using a combination of archaeometry and historical research, this study attempts to make use of a humble and under- appreciated artifact – brick – to flesh out the forgotten details of the emergence of the brick industry, its role in the shifting local economy, as well as its producers and their economic strategies. Procedure: Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis was performed on 89 red, common bricks archaeologically recovered from Fort Vancouver and 113 comparative samples in an attempt to „source‟ the brick.
    [Show full text]
  • Road to Oregon Written by Dr
    The Road to Oregon Written by Dr. Jim Tompkins, a prominent local historian and the descendant of Oregon Trail immigrants, The Road to Oregon is a good primer on the history of the Oregon Trail. Unit I. The Pioneers: 1800-1840 Who Explored the Oregon Trail? The emigrants of the 1840s were not the first to travel the Oregon Trail. The colorful history of our country makes heroes out of the explorers, mountain men, soldiers, and scientists who opened up the West. In 1540 the Spanish explorer Coronado ventured as far north as present-day Kansas, but the inland routes across the plains remained the sole domain of Native Americans until 1804, when Lewis and Clark skirted the edges on their epic journey of discovery to the Pacific Northwest and Zeb Pike explored the "Great American Desert," as the Great Plains were then known. The Lewis and Clark Expedition had a direct influence on the economy of the West even before the explorers had returned to St. Louis. Private John Colter left the expedition on the way home in 1806 to take up the fur trade business. For the next 20 years the likes of Manuel Lisa, Auguste and Pierre Choteau, William Ashley, James Bridger, Kit Carson, Tom Fitzgerald, and William Sublette roamed the West. These part romantic adventurers, part self-made entrepreneurs, part hermits were called mountain men. By 1829, Jedediah Smith knew more about the West than any other person alive. The Americans became involved in the fur trade in 1810 when John Jacob Astor, at the insistence of his friend Thomas Jefferson, founded the Pacific Fur Company in New York.
    [Show full text]
  • City of Lebanon Historic Context Statement
    UITY OF LEBANON . HISTORIC CONTEXT STATEMENT 1994 CITY OF LEBANON HISTORIC CONTEXT STATEMENT Prepared for the City of Lebanon September 1994 by Mary Kathryn Gallagher Linn County Planning Department Research Assistance provided by: Pat Dunn Shirlee Harrington May D. Dasch Malia Allen Project Supervisor: Doug Parker Lebanon City Planner ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Without the hours donated by the following individuals, it would not be possible to produce a document of this type with the time and monies allotted. Pat Dunn, Shirlee Harrington, May D. Dasch and Malia Allen spent hours pouring over microfilm reels of Lebanon newspapers and an ., equal number of hours in the County Recorder and Assessor Offices researching individual properties. They also donated many hours toward the end of the project assisting with the last minute details of assembling a product of this type. There were a number of other individuals that accomplished important tasks. Steve and Elyse Kassis spent many hours taking photographs of Lebanon buildings. Pat Dunn located historical views of Lebanon. John Miles assisted in historical research on donation land claim holders and Mel Harrington assisted with deed research. Joella Larsen and Lee and Betty Scott provided information on Lebanon history. Jim Nelson offered his services to create a very comprehensive index. The City of Lebanon was very supportive in this endeavor with Doug Parker, City Planner, very responsive to the needs of the project. The Lebanon Historic Resource Commission supplied the • enthusiasm so important to make the project successful. City staff Anna Rae Goetz and Donna Martell were a great help in the last minute rush to compile this document.
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring Your Property's Past: Questions and Resources
    Exploring Your Property’s Past: Questions and Resources Developing a property history for your woodland management plan Pat Wheeler, Brad Withrow-Robinson, Amy Grotta and Lauren Grand March 2017 Finding the past One of the special things about woodland ownership is the connection to place it creates for people. That connection is evident in the pride of ownership, passion and the energy that people put into their property. Less obvious but often very strong is the connection to time and history associated with that place, however long a person’s own relationship to the land has been. Many people really enjoy exploring and recording their property’s history. We recommend you first develop the basic story, with the recent history of the property, as you know it (for your Woodland Discovery Plan, or Forest Management Plan). Then maybe you go on to collect information and memories from other family members and neighbors. If you are then interested in digging deeper, and extending your search further back in time, then this document can help. It provides a list of resources, many of them available free online that may be useful to people exploring the history of their woodland properties. What do you hope to learn? Besides the recent history, (some of which may be) available in the memories of living people, a lot of information is available in public and historical records. A variety of resources can help you learn about native people, pioneers, early settlers, donation land claims and more. We introduce some here, but others will be unique local documents you may have to discover yourself.
    [Show full text]
  • Vv Signature of Certifying Offidfel/Title - Deput/SHPO Date
    NPSForm 10-900 OMBNo. 10024-0018 (Oct. 1990) RECEIVED 2280 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service JUL 0 6 2007 National Register of Historic Places m . REG!STi:ffililSfGRicTLA SES Registration Form NATIONAL PARK SERVICE — This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instruction in How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the information requested. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classifications, materials and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items. 1. Name of Property historic name Lone Fir Cemetery other names/site number Mount Crawford Cemetery 2. Location street & number 2115 SE Morrison St. not for publication city or town Portland vicinity state Oregon code OR county Multnomah code 051 zip code 97214 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this X nomination __ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties | in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR [Part 60. In my opinion, the property _X_ meets __does not meet the National Register criteria.
    [Show full text]
  • Historic Context Statement
    AALLBBAANNYY,, OORREEGGOONN 1845-1955 HISTORIC CONTEXT STATEMENT prepared for The City of Albany, Oregon by Liz Carter and Michelle Dennis Historic Preservation Consultants Eugene, Oregon 2004 The activity that is the subject of this publication has been financed in part with Federal funds from the National Park Service, Department of the Interior, as provided through the Oregon State Historic Preservation Office. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation by the Department of the Interior. Albany Historic Context Statement TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………………..…i INTRODUCTION ……………...………………………………………………………………...1 HISTORIC CONTEXT DEFINITION ………………………………………………..………….2 HISTORIC OVERVIEW OF THE CITY OF ALBANY …………………………………….…..4 Exploration and Fur Trade: 1811-1846 …………………………………………………. 4 Euro-American Settlement: 1830-1865 …………………………………………………. 4 Settlement, Statehood and Steam Power: 1845-1869 …………………………………….6 Railroads and Industrial Growth: 1870-1883…………………………………………….11 The Progression Era: 1884-1913…………………………………………………………16 Motor Age, The Great Depression, and WWII: 1914-1945………………………...……22 The Post-War Era: 1945-1955……………………………………………………………31 HISTORIC RESOURCE IDENTIFICATION ………………………………………………….34 Previous Surveys …………………………………………………………………….….34 Historic Resource Types: Descriptions and Distribution Patterns………………………34 Criteria for Evaluating
    [Show full text]
  • Oregon's History
    Oregon’s History: People of the Northwest in the Land of Eden Oregon’s History: People of the Northwest in the Land of Eden ATHANASIOS MICHAELS Oregon’s History: People of the Northwest in the Land of Eden by Athanasios Michaels is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Contents Introduction 1 1. Origins: Indigenous Inhabitants and Landscapes 3 2. Curiosity, Commerce, Conquest, and Competition: 12 Fur Trade Empires and Discovery 3. Oregon Fever and Western Expansion: Manifest 36 Destiny in the Garden of Eden 4. Native Americans in the Land of Eden: An Elegy of 63 Early Statehood 5. Statehood: Constitutional Exclusions and the Civil 101 War 6. Oregon at the Turn of the Twentieth Century 137 7. The Dawn of the Civil Rights Movement and the 179 World Wars in Oregon 8. Cold War and Counterculture 231 9. End of the Twentieth Century and Beyond 265 Appendix 279 Preface Oregon’s History: People of the Northwest in the Land of Eden presents the people, places, and events of the state of Oregon from a humanist-driven perspective and recounts the struggles various peoples endured to achieve inclusion in the community. Its inspiration came from Carlos Schwantes historical survey, The Pacific Northwest: An Interpretive History which provides a glimpse of national events in American history through a regional approach. David Peterson Del Mar’s Oregon Promise: An Interpretive History has a similar approach as Schwantes, it is a reflective social and cultural history of the state’s diversity. The text offers a broad perspective of various ethnicities, political figures, and marginalized identities.
    [Show full text]
  • Changes in Disturbance Patterns Early Settlers Used Fire to Clear The
    was engineered or installed to divert the water when the generator fails. When the generator does fail, the impounded waters needed for irrigation are redirected overland to nearby Schoolhouse and Tyler Creeks. Fisheries Exploitation The building of Emigrant Dam in 1924 ended eons of migrations of salmon and steelhead that frequented the upper watershed to spawn and raise their young. Today the hatchery-bred coho and steelhead in Emigrant Lake are trying to replicate this ancient cycle. Changes in Disturbance Patterns The flora and fauna in Emigrant Creek and surrounding drainages were long adapted to fire and even required it. Early settlers used fire to clear the land and push back the forest to gain more grassland, but with little understanding as to the use of fire to maintain the landscape. With the building of homesteads, fences and tools of commerce, exclusion of fire was needed to protect the new values across the landscape. Still, fire did occur from summer lightening storms, passing trains, and other human causes, and as policies and equipment evolved, fire was further suppressed. HISTORICAL TIME LINE Shasta and Takelma (also called Rogue) Indians 1827 Beaver trappers explored Emigrant Creek Watershed 1830s Cattle driven across Emigrant Creek Watershed 1846 Applegate Trail opened 1850 Donation Land Claim Act 1852 Gold discovered in Jacksonville 1855-56 Rogue River Indian War 1859 Oregon became a state 1860 Siskiyou Mountain Wagon Road opened 1860s Sheep grazed in the Emigrant Creek Watershed 1860s Orchards and vegetable crops established 1863 Transcontinental Telegraph established wire in Ashland 1887 Railroad line linked San Francisco to Portland through Ashland 1899 Ashland Woolen Mills processed 200,000 pounds of wool annually 1913 Pacific Highway constructed along Siskiyou Mountain Wagon Road 1924 Emigrant Lake built for irrigation 1922 Pacific Highway widened and Green Springs Highway constructed along Applegate Trail 23.
    [Show full text]
  • Portland Metro Levee System Feasibility Study
    Portland Metro Levee System Feasibility Study Integrated Feasibility Report and Environmental Assessment Appendix H – Cultural Resources January 2020 Page left blank to facilitate 2-sided copying. Contents Contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Purpose Statement ................................................................................................................ 1 1.2. Study Scope ......................................................................................................................... 1 2. Project Area Description and Background ............................................................................... 10 2.1. Environmental Setting ....................................................................................................... 10 2.2. Environmental History ....................................................................................................... 12 2.3. Precontact Context ............................................................................................................. 20 2.4. Previous Archaeological Investigations ............................................................................. 21 2.5. Archaeological Potential .................................................................................................... 24 2.6. Native Peoples ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]