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Chichester Harbour Conservancy Chichester Harbour AONB Landscape Character Assessment

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Chichester Harbour Conservancy Chichester Harbour AONB Landscape Character Assessment Chichester Harbour Conservancy Chichester Harbour AONB Landscape Character Assessment April 2019 Chichester Harbour Conservancy Chichester Harbour AONB Landscape Character Assessment Approved Dominic Watkins Position Director Date 4th April 2019 Revision FINAL Revision A CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS USER GUIDE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.2 Context 1.3 Aims and Objectives 1.4 Relationship to other Character Assessments 1.5 Approach and Methodology 2.0 THE SHAPING OF THE LANDSCAPE 2.1 General 2.2 Physical Influences 2.3 Historic Influences 2.4 Past and Current Perceptions 3.0 FORCES FOR CHANGE IN THE LANDSCAPE 3.1 General 3.2 Overview of Social and Economic Characteristics 3.3 Agriculture, Land Management and Diversification 3.4 Built Development 3.5 Transport and Traffic 3.6 Recreation 3.7 Climate Change 3.8 Summary 4.0 THE EXISTING CHARACTER OF THE LANDSCAPE 4.1 General 4.2 Overview 4.3 Landscape Character Types 4.4 Landscape Character Areas 4.5 Harbourside Housing Development & Sea Defence Landscape Guidelines 5.0 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5.1 Special Qualities of Chichester Harbour AONB 5.2 Measures to Conserve and Enhance the Special Qualities of Chichester Harbour AONB APPENDIX 1 - BIBLIOGRAPHY FIGURES 1. Geology 2. Landform 3. Soils 4. Historic Development 5. Landscape Character Types and Landscape Character Areas Chichester Harbour AONB April 2019 Landscape Character Assessment 11129101-LCA-F-2019-04-04-RevA Chris Blandford Associates Executive Summary The purpose of the Landscape Character Assessment is to provide an understanding of the unique landscape character and special qualities of the Chichester Harbour Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) so as to inform the development of AONB Management Plans and wider planning policy. In November 2018, Chichester Harbour Conservancy re-commissioned Chris Blandford Associates (CBA) to undertake a “light touch” review and update of the 2005 Chichester Harbour AONB Landscape Character Assessment prepared by CBA. The review confirms that the approach undertaken for the 2005 study remains appropriate with respect to Natural England’s current guidance on Landscape Character Assessment (2014) and Seascape Character Assessment (2012). The updated forces for change in the landscape section was informed by the findings of the Chichester Harbour State of the AONB Report 2018 with respect to landscape character; biodiversity; cultural heritage; enjoyment, understanding and involvement; and socio-economic changes. A high-level desk-based review of significant landscape changes since 2005 was undertaken using the most up-to-date available aerial imagery to inform a ‘rapid sense check’ to validate the descriptions of the 19 distinctive Landscape Character Areas identified within the AONB and the wider study area. The descriptions identify the landscape patterns and characteristics that combine to create the area’s distinctive character. For each character area, information on its key characteristics, landscape history, important views, forces for change, condition and sensitivity of the landscape is provided. Landscape planning and land management guidelines for each area are also provided. The updated study found that the Chichester Harbour AONB landscape is in generally moderate to good condition overall, and its character areas are predominantly considered to be of high landscape sensitivity with areas of moderate-high sensitivity around the fringes of some settlements. The study provides updated evidence to support the understanding of the special qualities of Chichester Harbour AONB as defined in the AONB Management Plan: • The unique blend of land and sea – especially the combination of expanses of open waters, narrow inlets and intimate creeks. • The frequently wooded shoreline. • The flatness of the landform, unusual among AONBs, accentuates the significance of sea and tide and of distant landmarks across land and water. • The open water of the central area of the Harbour. • The overall sense of wilderness within the seascape. • The particularly strong historic environment and heritage assets. • The picturesque harbourside settlements. • The wealth of flora and fauna, notably the vast flocks of wading birds add to the richness and diversity of the landscape. • The unspoilt character and unobtrusive beauty. • The very special sense of peace and tranquillity, largely engendered by the gentle way the AONB is used and closeness to nature that is experienced. It is recommended that the updated Landscape Character Assessment continues to be used by the Chichester Harbour Conservancy, local planning authorities and land managers as a key tool for informing decision-making and monitoring the effects of landscape change on the AONB’s special qualities. The study is also intended to provide a key source of information for use by local groups, communities and other stakeholders with an interest in the conservation and enhancement of the AONB. In addition, it is recommended that the Landscape Character Assessment is kept under review and further updated in response to changing circumstances in the future as necessary. Chichester Harbour AONB April 2019 Landscape Character Assessment 11129101-LCA-F-2019-04-04-RevA Chris Blandford Associates Acknowledgements We are grateful for the advice and guidance provided by Richard Austin (AONB Manager, Chichester Harbour Conservancy) in the update of the Landscape Character Assessment. CBA February 2019 Chichester Harbour AONB April 2019 Landscape Character Assessment 11129101-LCA-F-2019-04-04-RevA Chris Blandford Associates User Guide The Landscape Character Assessment can be read as a whole, or specific sections can be consulted as required. The report covers: • Section 1: Introduction – sets out the purpose and objectives of the assessment and the general approach and methodology followed. • Section 2: Shaping of the Landscape – summarises the factors that have influenced the character of the harbour landscape as a whole, both physical and historic, and describes past and current perceptions of the landscape. • Section 3: Forces for Change in the Landscape – analyses recent, current and possible future forces for change to the character of the harbour landscape. • Section 4: Existing Character of the Landscape – describes Landscape Character Types, Landscape Character Areas and sets out planning and land management guidelines to reinforce the character of each area. • Section 5: Summary and Recommendations – provides a summary of the special character and qualities of the AONB and makes recommendations for their conservation and enhancement. Chichester Harbour AONB April 2019 Landscape Character Assessment 11129101-LCA-F-2019-04-04-RevA Chris Blandford Associates 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background 1.1.1 Chichester Harbour Conservancy commissioned Chris Blandford Associates (CBA) in 2018 to undertake a high-level review and update of the Chichester Harbour Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) Landscape Character Assessment produced and published in 2005 by CBA. This update will help inform the development of Chichester Harbour AONB Management Plans and provide planning and land management guidelines to assist planners, agents, developers and landowners in conserving and enhancing the distinctive character of the Harbour landscapes. 1.1.2 CBA are independent landscape, environmental and heritage consultants with over 40 years of experience, which includes expertise in landscape character assessment for protected landscapes such as AONBs and National Parks. The professional excellence of CBA’s work has been recognised by national awards from the Landscape Institute and the Royal Town Planning Institute. CBA is a Landscape Institute registered practice. 1.2 Context 1.2.1 Chichester Harbour is a unique blend of landscape and seascape of national significance, as recognised by its AONB designation. It is of equivalent importance, in terms of landscape quality, as a National Park. It was designated as an AONB in 1964 and is one of the smallest AONBs in the country, covering 74km2, of which 41% is water at high tide. It is located on the south coast of England between the cities of Portsmouth and Chichester and straddles the boundary between the counties of Hampshire and West Sussex. Backed by the South Downs, Chichester Harbour is one of four nearby harbours, the others at Portsmouth, Langstone and Pagham, and is the only one designated as an AONB. The channels and water of Chichester Harbour provide one of the most popular sailing areas in the country. 1.3 Aims and Objectives 1.3.1 The main aims of the landscape character assessment are to: • Improve the knowledge and understanding of the Conservancy and its partner authorities regarding the special and unique qualities of the landscape character of the Harbour; • Encourage a holistic approach towards the conservation and enhancement of character, within the framework of the new AONB Management Plan; • Contribute to the development of good practice of integrated landscape characterisation; Chichester Harbour AONB April 2019 1 Landscape Character Assessment 11129101-LCA-F-2019-04-04-RevA Chris Blandford Associates • Improve the quality and location of development in the AONB by encouraging local authorities to adopt the assessment as a Supplementary Planning Document (SPD); and • Identify areas within and outside the AONB boundary where significant land-use change or development could impact on the current character and special qualities of the AONB. 1.3.2 Key objectives
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