Pacific Multi-Country Programming Framework (CPF) 2013-2017
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Fishers and Fish Traders of Lake Victoria: Colonial
FISHERS AND FISH TRADERS OF LAKE VICTORIA: COLONIAL POLICY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF FISH PRODUCTION IN KENYA, 1880-1978. by PAUL ABIERO OPONDO Student No. 34872086 submitted in accordance with the requirement for the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY in the subject HISTORY at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA PROMOTER: DR. MUCHAPARARA MUSEMWA, University of the Witwatersrand CO-PROMOTER: PROF. LANCE SITTERT, University of Cape Town 10 February 2011 DECLARATION I declare that ‘Fishers and Fish Traders of Lake Victoria: Colonial Policy and the Development of Fish Production in Kenya, 1895-1978 ’ is my original unaided work and that all the sources that I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. I further declare that the thesis has never been submitted before for examination for any degree in any other university. Paul Abiero Opondo __________________ _ . 2 DEDICATION This work is dedicated to several fishers and fish traders who continue to wallow in poverty and hopelessness despite their daily fishing voyages, whose sweat and profits end up in the pockets of big fish dealers and agents from Nairobi. It is equally dedicated to my late father, Michael, and mother, Consolata, who guided me with their wisdom early enough. In addition I dedicate it to my loving wife, Millicent who withstood the loneliness caused by my occasional absence from home, and to our children, Nancy, Michael, Bivinz and Barrack for whom all this is done. 3 ABSTRACT The developemnt of fisheries in Lake Victoria is faced with a myriad challenges including overfishing, environmental destruction, disappearance of certain indigenous species and pollution. -
An Assessment of Waste Problems for the Buada Community, and Strategies Toward Community Waste Reduction in Nauru
ISSN 1818-5614 The way ahead: an assessment of waste problems for the Buada community, and strategies toward community waste reduction in Nauru By IWP-Nauru and Alice Leney IWP-Pacific Technical Report (International Waters Project) no. 9 Global United Nations Pacific Regional Environment Development Environment Facility Programme Programme SPREP IRC Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Leney, Alice The way ahead: an assessment of waste problems for the Buada community, and strategies toward community waste reduction in Nauru / prepared by International Waters Programme, Nauru and Alice Leney. - Apia, Samoa; SPREP, 2004. 77 p. ; 29 cm IWP-Pacific Technical Report (International Waters Project) no. 9 ISBN : 982-04-0278-6 ISSN : 1818-5614 1. Conservation of natural resources – Buada community - Nauru. 2.Waste reduction – Buada community - Nauru. 3. Waste minimization – Buada community – Nauru. 4. Waste management – Buada community - Nauru. 5. Ecological risk assessment – Buada community - Nauru. 6. Pollution – Risk assessment – Buada community – Nauru. I. Implementation of the Strategic Action Programme of the Pacific Small Developing States Project no. RAS/98/G32. II. International Waters Programme (IWP). III. Nauru IWP National Programme IV. Secretariat for the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). V. Title. 363.73 This report was produced by SPREP’s International Waters Project that is implementing the Strategic Action Programme for the International Waters of the Pacific Small Island Developing States with funding from the Global Environment Facility. The views expressed in this report are not necessarily those of the publisher. Cover design by SPREP’s Publications Unit Editing: Ms. Talica Koroi Layout: Ms. Sasa’e Walter Printed by Marfleet Printing Co. -
The State of Nauru's Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture
COUNTRY REPORTS THE STATE OF NAURU’S BIODIVERSITY FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE This country report has been prepared by the national authorities as a contribution to the FAO publication, The State of the World’s Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture. The report is being made available by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) as requested by the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. The information in this report has not been verified by FAO, and the content of this document is entirely the responsibility of the authors, and does not necessarily represent the views of FAO, or its Members. The designations employed and the presentation of material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of FAO concerning legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. SOW BIODIVERSITY FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE COUNTRY REPORTS 1.0 Assessment and monitoring of biodiversity for food and agriculture 1.1. General context: The South Pacific small island state of Nauru is one of the smallest countries in the world – with a land area of about 22 km2 and a coast line circumference of 30 km long. It is located in the dry belt of the equatorial oceanic zone and is situated 200 km East to North East of Papua New Guinea and 4450 km South to South East of the Philippines. -
Restocking of Nile Tilapia (O
Final report for Mini-project MS0603: Eradication of Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), restocking of Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) and improved aquaculture pond management in Nauru Margo Deiye, Ricky Star and Lucky Burramen1 Satya Nandlal 2 1 Nauru Fisheries and Marine Resources Autority 2 Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Noumea, New Caledonia 1 1.0 Introduction for deepwater or pelagic fisheries, people have resorted to catching tilapia from the lagoon and Nauru is a single, raised coral limestone island ponds using gill nets and hook and lines. It has be- (land area 21 sq. km and length of coastline 24 come a source of protein for some of the com- km), encircled by a fringing coral reef which is ex- munities. posed at low tide. The ground rises from a narrow In 1981, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) sandy beach forming a 100-300 meters wide fer- initiated an aquaculture program, commencing with tile belt around the island. Inland, coral cliffs rise an eradication program for O. mossambicus. The up to 30-40 meters above sea level, merging into eradication of O. mossambicus was not success- a central plateau which reaches 60-70 meters in ful. Later, several other attempts were made by some places. FAO and other agencies to demonstrate culture of Nauru had a very unique tradition of milkfish (Cha- milkfish, tilapia etc. For example, a Taiwanese gov- nos chanos) farming dating back hundreds of years. ernment funded project was able to achieve faster The juvenile milkfish were collected from the in- growth rates of imported milkfish fry [from Kiri- ter-tidal reefs and reared in the islands main ‘lake’, bati] using intensive culture methods but the costs the Buada Lagoon and other ponds. -
Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profiles the Kingdom of Tonga
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Fisheries and for a world without hunger Aquaculture Department Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profiles The Kingdom of Tonga Part I Overview and main indicators 1. Country brief 2. General geographic and economic indicators 3. FAO Fisheries statistics Part II Narrative (2014) 4. Production sector Marine sub-sector Inland sub-sector Aquaculture sub-sector - NASO Recreational sub-sector Source of information United Nations Geospatial Information Section http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/english/htmain.htm 5. Post-harvest sector Imagery for continents and oceans reproduced from GEBCO, www.gebco.net Fish utilization Fish markets 6. Socio-economic contribution of the fishery sector Role of fisheries in the national economy Trade Food security Employment Rural development 7. Trends, issues and development Constraints and opportunities Government and non-government sector policies and development strategies Research, education and training Foreign aid 8. Institutional framework 9. Legal framework 10. Annexes 11. References Additional information 12. FAO Thematic data bases 13. Publications 14. Meetings & News archive FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Part I Overview and main indicators Part I of the Fishery and Aquaculture Country Profile is compiled using the most up-to-date information available from the FAO Country briefs and Statistics programmes at the time of publication. The Country Brief and the FAO Fisheries Statistics provided in Part I may, however, have been prepared at different times, which would explain any inconsistencies. Country brief Current situation Tonga is an archipelagic nation of some 150 islands (36 of which are inhabited), representing a total land area of about 747 km2. -
Fisheries and Wildlife Research 1982
Fisheries and Wildlife Research 1982 Activities in the Divisions of Research for the Fiscal Year 1982 Edited by Paul H. Eschmeyer, Fisheries Thomas G. Scott, Wildlife Published by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Printed by the U.S. Government Printing Office Denver, Colorado • 1983 •• , :e. ' • Noel Snyder, field biologist for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Condor Research Center, carries a travel case containing a California condor chick from the chick's nesting site northeast of Los Angeles. The bird was captured in August, after biologists determined that the parents were not feeding the chick regularly. The chick was taken to the San Diego Wild Animal Park to begin a captive breeding program for this critically endangered species. Dr. Phil Ensley, veterinarian for the Zoological Society of San Diego, accompanied Dr. Snyder on the capture operation. Photo by H. K. Snyder. 11 Contents Foreword ...................................................... iv Tunison Laboratory of Fish Nutrition ........ 86 Fisheries and Wildlife Research .............. 1 National Reservoir Research Program . 88 Animal Damage Control ............................ 2 East Central Reservoir Investigations . 89 Denver Wildlife Research Center ............ 2 Multi-Outlet Reservoir Studies .................. 91 Southeast Reservoir Investigations .......... 93 Environmental Contaminant Evaluation 25 White River Reservoir Studies .................... 95 Columbia National Fisheries Research Seattle National Fishery Research Laboratory .............................................. -
Introducing the Face of Fitzroy G
ANNUAL REPORT NIWA 2013/14 Q Enhancing the benefits of New Zealand’s natural resources Cover Q. How is NIWA translating forecast data generated by its supercomputer FitzRoy into meaningful and relevant weather information for New Zealanders? A. In early 2014, meteorologist and weather communicator Chris Brandolino joined NIWA’s weather and climate team. Chris has wide international experience explaining the weather using a style and language that engages and makes sense to his audience. NIWA’s goal is to greatly improve the relevance of weather information communicated to the New Zealand public, shifting the focus from forecasting weather alone (“expect rain this afternoon”) to forecasting the impacts of weather on lives and livelihoods (“get the washing dry, or fertilise your pasture, this morning”). NIWA has also increased its capacity in other areas of weather communication – including graphics production – to help translate FitzRoy’s sophisticated technical outputs into meaningful public information. Inside Cover Q. How is NIWA helping farmers improve productivity and reduce risk? A. At the 2014 National Fieldays at Mystery Creek, NIWA launched NIWAFarmMet, a new subscription-based, online weather forecasting and information service tailored to New Zealand farmers (read more on page 33 and visit farmmet.niwa.co.nz). NIWAFarmMet is designed to help farmers identify opportunities to carry out key weather-dependent activities like fertilising, irrigating and harvesting, and prepare for potentially damaging weather like high winds, frosts and floods. Its forecasts are highly localised, rather than tailored to an entire region or the nearest big town, and presented in easy-to-interpret graphical form. NIWA staff demonstrated the product to hundreds of farmers at Fieldays, along with other aspects of its growing suite of weather and climate services. -
NAURU: National Assessment Report
REPUBLIC OF NAURU: National Assessment Report National Assessment Report Republic of Nauru Ten Year Review of the Barbados Programme of Action 1 REPUBLIC OF NAURU: National Assessment Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Foreword 3 Map 4 Chapter 1: Socio-Economic Context 5 Key Characteristics 5 Key Challenges 8 Key Responses 17 Chapter 2: National Framework for Sustainable Development 19 Sustainable Development Policy Framework (National Environmental Management 19 Strategy (NEMS) and National Environmental Action Plan) Chapter 3: Sectoral Progress Made and Problems Encountered in the 23 implementation of the BPOA Climate Change and Sea level rise 23 Environment 24 Management of waste 24 Coastal and marine resources 26 Freshwater resources 27 Land resources 27 Energy resources 29 Tourism resources 29 Biodiversity resources 30 Transport and roads 31 Human resource development 31 Chapter 4: Cross Sectoral Areas 33 Financing and Investment for Sustainable Development 33 Trade and Investment 33 Capacity building 34 Infrastructure and Services 34 Chapter 5: Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development in 36 SIDS Poverty eradication 36 Education and Reduction of Child Mortality 36 Health and Nutrition Deterioration and Diseases such as HIV/AIDS 37 Gender equality and empowerment of women 38 Global/Regional partnership for development 39 Chapter 6: Emerging Concerns and Special Needs 41 2 REPUBLIC OF NAURU: National Assessment Report Foreword The Republic of Nauru’s National Assessment Report has been prepared following consultations with stakeholders and two National Workshops on Sustainable Development held in April 2002 and February 2004. Discussions at these two workshops focused on achievements and constraints faced by the country in the context of economic, social and environment issues. -
Poverty and Reefs; 2003
POVERTY AND REEFS VOLUME 1 A GLOBAL OVERVIEW IMM Ltd Emma Whittingham, Jock Campbell and Philip Townsley IMM Ltd Innovation Centre Rennes Drive Exeter University Campus Exeter EX4 4RN IMM Ltd United Kingdom http://www.ex.ac.uk/imm DFID Department for International Development 1 Palace Street London SW1E 5HE United Kingdom http://www.dfid.gov.uk/ IOC/UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO 1 Rue Miollis 75732 Paris Cedex 15 France http://www.ioc.unesco.org POVERTY AND REEFS VOLUME 1: A GLOBAL OVERVIEW Emma Whittingham Jock Campbell Philip Townsley i © 2003 IMM Ltd, Exeter, UK Typeset by Exe Valley Dataset Ltd, Exeter, UK Project Management by Swales & Willis, Exeter, UK Printed in France. Reference number: IOC/UNESCO/INF-1188, Poverty and Reefs, Volume 1: Global Overview, Volume 2: Case Studies. 260pp. Citation: “Whittingham, E., Campbell, J. and Townsley, P. (2003). Poverty and Reefs, DFID–IMM–IOC/UNESCO, 260pp.” Printed and distributed free by: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO 1, Rue Miollis, 75015 Paris, France. Tel: +33 1 45 68 10 10, Fax: +33 1 45 68 58 12 Website: http://ioc.unesco.org, Email: [email protected] DISCLAIMER The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariats of UNESCO and IOC concerning the legal status of any country or territory, or its authorities, or concerning the elimination of the frontiers of any country or territory. This document is an output from a project funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) for the benefit of developing countries. -
Poverty and Coral Reefs
POVERTY AND REEFS VOLUME 1 A GLOBAL OVERVIEW IMM Ltd Emma Whittingham, Jock Campbell and Philip Townsley IMM Ltd Innovation Centre Rennes Drive Exeter University Campus Exeter EX4 4RN IMM Ltd United Kingdom http://www.ex.ac.uk/imm DFID Department for International Development 1 Palace Street London SW1E 5HE United Kingdom http://www.dfid.gov.uk/ IOC/UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO 1 Rue Miollis 75732 Paris Cedex 15 France http://www.ioc.unesco.org POVERTY AND REEFS VOLUME 1: A GLOBAL OVERVIEW Emma Whittingham Jock Campbell Philip Townsley i © 2003 IMM Ltd, Exeter, UK Typeset by Exe Valley Dataset Ltd, Exeter, UK Project Management by Swales & Willis, Exeter, UK Printed in France. Reference number: IOC/UNESCO/INF-1188, Poverty and Reefs, Volume 1: Global Overview, Volume 2: Case Studies. 260pp. Citation: “Whittingham, E., Campbell, J. and Townsley, P. (2003). Poverty and Reefs, DFID–IMM–IOC/UNESCO, 260pp.” Printed and distributed free by: Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO 1, Rue Miollis, 75015 Paris, France. Tel: +33 1 45 68 10 10, Fax: +33 1 45 68 58 12 Website: http://ioc.unesco.org, Email: [email protected] DISCLAIMER The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariats of UNESCO and IOC concerning the legal status of any country or territory, or its authorities, or concerning the elimination of the frontiers of any country or territory. This document is an output from a project funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) for the benefit of developing countries. -
Nauru’S Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan
FINAL DRAFT NAURU’S BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN Rehabilitate and Conserve Government of the Republic of Nauru 1 Nauru’s Biodiversity Strategy & Action Plan Prepared by: Dr Komeri Onorio and Tyrone Deiye for the National Environmental Coordinating Committee (NECC), Department of Commerce Industries and Environment Funded under: GEF/UNDP – Enabling Activities: The Convention on Biological Diversity 2 nauru vision for the future We are proceeding with the rehabilitation of our beloved island home in three overlapping and interlocking steps – physical, biological and cultural. Each step will be fully integrated with the other two so our process of future development rehabilitation and sustainable development will be interconnected. Physical rehabilitation must first deal with the land and water systems. The coral pinnacles will be dismantled, sawed and polished into building materials for homes and buildings. The coral pinnacles will also be crushed to make land fill, land will be graded, catchment areas and reservoirs built for storage of rainwater, and the freshwater underground lens are tapped for sustainable use. As part of the physical rehabilitation of Nauru island, topsoil, which we have stockpiled and carefully preserved, will be spread where it is needed for forests and fields, according to the land use plan that has been developed with maximum possible participation of all Nauruans. Biological rehabilitation will address the fields and forests, the coral reefs, and the surrounding seas. Areas of biological diversity will be established at strategically placed locations on the periphery of the island, and expanding gradually into the rainforest of tomorrow. Horticultural stations will be built at each of these strategic locations to nurse seedlings into trees, trees into forests, all according to the overall land use plan under development. -
Rapid Biodiversity Assessment of REPUBLIC of NAURU
RAPID BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF REPUBLIC OF NAURU JUNE 2013 NAOERO GO T D'S W I LL FIRS SPREP Library/IRC Cataloguing-in-Publication Data McKenna, Sheila A, Butler, David J and Wheatley, Amanda. Rapid biodiversity assessment of Republic of Nauru / Sheila A. McKeena … [et al.] – Apia, Samoa : SPREP, 2015. 240 p. cm. ISBN: 978-982-04-0516-5 (print) 978-982-04-0515-8 (ecopy) 1. Biodiversity conservation – Nauru. 2. Biodiversity – Assessment – Nauru. 3. Natural resources conservation areas - Nauru. I. McKeena, Sheila A. II. Butler, David J. III. Wheatley, Amanda. IV. Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) V. Title. 333.959685 © SPREP 2015 All rights for commercial / for profit reproduction or translation, in any form, reserved. SPREP authorises the partial reproduction or translation of this material for scientific, educational or research purposes, provided that SPREP and the source document are properly acknowledged. Permission to reproduce the document and / or translate in whole, in any form, whether for commercial / for profit or non-profit purposes, must be requested in writing. Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme P.O. Box 240, Apia, Samoa. Telephone: + 685 21929, Fax: + 685 20231 www.sprep.org The Pacific environment, sustaining our livelihoods and natural heritage in harmony with our cultures. RAPID BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF REPUBLIC OF NAURU SHEILA A. MCKENNA, DAVID J. BUTLER, AND AmANDA WHEATLEY (EDITORS) NAOERO GO T D'S W I LL FIRS CONTENTS Organisational Profiles 4 Authors and Participants 6 Acknowledgements