DOCSLIB.ORG

Purvu Aizsardzība Un Apsaimniekošana Īpaši Aizsargājamās Dabas Teritorijas Latvijā

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Purvu Aizsardzība Un Apsaimniekošana Īpaši Aizsargājamās Dabas Teritorijas Latvijā PURVU AIZSARDZĪBA UN APSAIMNIEKOŠANA ĪPAŠI AIZSARGĀJAMĀS DABAS TERITORIJĀS LATVIJĀ MIRE CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT IN ESPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURE AREAS IN LATVIA Autori/Authors Baiba Bambe, Valda Baroniņa, Aigars Indriksons, Laimdota Kalniņa, Jānis Ķuze, Juris Nusbaums, Māra Pakalne, Aivars Petriņš, Digna Pilāte, Valdis Pilāts, Agnese Priede, Ilze Rēriha, Liene Salmiņa, Voldemārs Spuņģis, Uvis Suško Redaktore / Editor Māra Pakalne Rīga 2008 SATURS Priekšvārds Māra Pakalne 1. Purvi Latvijā Purva biotopi un to aizsardzība. Māra Pakalne 8 Purvu veidošanās un attīstība Latvijā. Laimdota Kalniņa 20 2. Purvu vērtības un to aizsardzība 2.1. Dabas liegums “Cenas tīrelis” 28 Cenas tīreļa veidošanās un attīstība. Laimdota Kalniņa 30 Augi un biotopi dabas liegumā “Cenas tīrelis”. Māra Pakalne 34 Cepurīšu sēnes (Agaricales s.l.) Cenas tīrelī. Inita Dāniele 38 Bezmugurkaulnieki dabas liegumā “Cenas tīrelis”. Voldemārs Spuņģis 38 Putni dabas liegumā “Cenas tīrelis”. Aivars Petriņš 42 Zīdītājdzīvnieki dabas liegumā “Cenas tīrelis”. Valdis Pilāts 46 2.2. Dabas liegums “Stiklu purvi” 50 Vasenieku purva ģeoloģiskā attīstība un veģetācijas vēsture. Laimdota Kalniņa 52 Augi un biotopi dabas liegumā “Stiklu purvi”. Ilze Rēriha 56 Dabas lieguma “Stiklu purvi” ezeri un to ūdensaugu flora. Uvis Suško 62 Bezmugurkaulnieki dabas liegumā “Stiklu purvi”. Voldemārs Spuņģis 68 Sauszemes gliemežu fauna dabas lieguma “Stiklu purvi” mežos. Digna Pilāte 70 Putni dabas liegumā “Stiklu purvi”. Aivars Petriņš 72 Zīdītājdzīvnieki dabas liegumā “Stiklu purvi”. Valdis Pilāts 74 2.3. Dabas liegums “Klāņu purvs” 78 Klāņezera un Klāņu purva veidošanās un attīstība. Laimdota Kalniņa 80 Dabas lieguma “Klāņu purvs” augi un biotopi. Valda Baroniņa 84 Klāņezera raksturojums, makrofītu flora un izmaiņas 10 gados. Uvis Suško 90 Bezmugurkaulnieki dabas liegumā “Klāņu purvs”. Voldemārs Spuņģis 92 Sauszemes gliemežu fauna dabas liegumā “Klāņu purvs”. Digna Pilāte 96 Putni dabas liegumā “Klāņu purvs”. Aivars Petriņš 96 Zīdītājdzīvnieki dabas liegumā “Klāņu purvs”. Valdis Pilāts 100 2.4. Dabas liegums “Vesetas palienes purvs” 104 Dabas lieguma “Vesetas palienes purvs” augi un biotopi. Baiba Bambe 106 Bezmugurkaulnieki dabas liegumā “Vesetas palienes purvs”. Voldemārs Spuņģis 110 Putni dabas liegumā “Vesetas palienes purvs”. Aivars Petriņš 112 Zīdītājdzīvnieki dabas liegumā “Vesetas palienes purvs”. Valdis Pilāts 114 3. Purvu apsaimniekošana un monitorings Nosusināšanas ietekmes novēršana augstajos purvos. Juris Nusbaums 118 Ūdens līmeņa paaugstināšana meliorācijas ietekmētajās Ķemeru tīreļa daļās: paņēmieni un pirmie rezultāti. Jānis Ķuze, Agnese Priede 132 Gruntsūdens līmeņa monitorings LIFE projekta “Purvi” vietās. Aigars Indriksons 142 Apsaimniekošanas ietekme uz purvu veģetāciju. Liene Salmiņa, Baiba Bambe 152 Laipu un skatu torņu būvniecība purvā. Juris Nusbaums 158 Pielikumi 162 Contents Foreword Māra Pakalne 1. Mires in Latvia Mire habitats and their protection. Māra Pakalne 9 Mire origin and development in Latvia. Laimdota Kalniņa 21 2. Mire values and their conservation 2.1. Cena Mire Nature Reserve 29 Origin and development of Cena Mire. Laimdota Kalniņa 31 Plants and habitats in Cena Mire Nature Reserve. Māra Pakalne 35 Agaricoid fungi (Agaricales s.l.) in Cena Mire. Inita Dāniele 39 Invertebrates in Cena Mire Nature Reserve. Voldemārs Spuņģis 39 Birds in Cena Mire Nature Reserve. Aivars Petriņš 43 Mammals in Cena Mire Nature Reserve. Valdis Pilāts 47 2.2. Stikli Mires Nature Reserve 51 Geological and vegetation history of Vasenieki Mire. Laimdota Kalniņa 53 Plants and habitats in Stikli Mires Nature Reserve. Ilze Rēriha 57 Lakes in Stikli Mires Nature Reserve and their macrophyte flora. Uvis Suško 63 Invertebrates in Stikli Mires Nature Reserve. Voldemārs Spuņģis 69 Terrestrial snail fauna of the forests in Stikli Mires Nature Reserve. Digna Pilāte 71 Birds in Stikli Mires Nature Reserve. Aivars Petriņš 73 Mammals in Stikli Mires Nature Reserve. Valdis Pilāts 75 2.3. Klāņi Mire Nature Reserve 79 Origin and development of Klāņi Lake and Klāņi Mire. Laimdota Kalniņa 81 Plants and habitats in Klāņi Mire Nature Reserve. Valda Baroniņa 85 Klāņi Lake, its macrophyte flora and changes ir the last 10 years. Uvis Suško 91 Invertebrates in Klāņi Mire Nature Reserve Voldemārs Spuņģis 93 Terrestrial snail fauna of Klāņi Mire Nature Reserve. Digna Pilāte 97 Birds in Klāņi Mire Nature Reserve. Aivars Petriņš 97 Mammals in Klāņi Mire Nature Reserve. Valdis Pilāts 101 2.4. Veseta Floodplain Mire Nature Reserve 105 Plants and habitats in Veseta Floodplain Mire Nature Reserve. Baiba Bambe 107 Invertebrates in Veseta Floodplain Mire Nature Reserve. Voldemārs Spuņģis 111 Birds in Veseta Foodplain Mire Nature Reserve. Aivars Petriņš 113 Mammals in Veseta Floodplain Mire Nature Reserve. Valdis Pilāts 115 3. Management and Monitoring of Mires Preventing drainage influence in the raised bogs. Juris Nusbaums 119 Raising of water table in areas, influenced by drainage in Ķemeru Mire, Latvia: methods and first results. Jānis Ķuze, Agnese Priede 133 Monitoring of groundwater level in the LIFE project “Mires” sites. Aigars Indriksons 143 The effect of management on mire vegetation. Liene Salmiņa, Baiba Bambe 153 Building of a nature trail and watching tower in a mire. Juris Nusbaums 159 Annexes 163 Foto: U. Muzikants Priekšvārds Purvi ir nozīmīga Latvijas ainavas sastāvdaļa, tiem ir liela nozīme dabas daudzveidības saglabāšanā. Purvi ir mājvieta augu sugām, kuras ir pielāgojušās izdzīvošanai specifiskajos purva apstākļos, kurus raksturo pastāvīga vai periodiska mitruma pārpilnība un kūdru veidojoša veģetācija. Kaut arī augstie purvi ir barības vielu ziņā ļoti nabadzīgi, tajos tomēr sastopamas daudzas retu augu, dzīvnieku un sēņu sugas. Īpaši sugām bagāti ir kaļķainie zāļu purvi. Purvi Latvijā ir veidojušies pēdējo 10 000 gadu laikā. Tos šajā laikā ir ietekmējusi klimata maiņa, bet mūsdienās – cilvēka darbība, kura atstāj ietekmi ne tikai uz purva ekosistēmām, bet arī tām piegulošajiem mežiem, pļavām, upēm un ezeriem. Purvi ir nozīmīgs informācijas nesējs gan par seno veģetāciju, kura pastāvējusi pirms tūkstošiem gadu un par kuru var spriest, veicot purvu veidošanās un attīstības izpēti, izmantojot sporu-putekšņu analīzi, gan arī par patreizējo cilvēka darbības ietekmi, kuras sekas atspoguļojas gan izmainītajā purvu veģetācijā, gan arī augu sugu sastāvā un veģetācijas struktūrā. Purvus cilvēks ir ietekmējis galvenokārt tos nosusinot, lai izmantotu kūdras ieguvei, lauksaimniecībai un mežsaimniecībai. Papildus purvus ietekmē ugunsgrēki, kā arī purva ezeru eitrofikācija. Ir pētījumi, ka purvus ietekmē arī skābie lieti un smagie metāli. Lai novērstu cilvēka darbības negatīvo ietekmi, četrās īpaši aizsargājamās dabas teritorijās – Cenas tīrelī, Stiklu purvos, Klāņu purvā un Vesetas palienes purvā, kuras ir nozīmīgas gan dzīvniekiem, gan arī augu valstij, 2004. gadā tika uzsākts EK LIFE- Daba programmas projekts “Purva biotopu aizsardzības plāna īstenošana Latvijā”, kurš tika realizēts līdz 2008. gada decembrim. Projekta gaitā veikta Cenas tīreļa, Stiklu purvu, Klāņu purva un Vesetas palienes purva dabas liegumu dabas vērtību, hidroloģiskā un ģeoloģiskā izpēte. Grāmatā apkopoti materiāli gan par iepriekšējo pētījumu rezultātiem, gan arī jaunie, kuri ir nākuši klāt, izstrādājot dabas aizsardzības plānus. Projekta vietu izpēte veikta, lai šajās teritorijās varētu realizēt purvu apsaim- niekošanas pasākumus. Šie pasākumi ietver purvu nosusināšanas negatīvo ietekmju novēršanu, lai degradētājās vietās varētu atjaunoties dabiskā veģetācija, kura ir nepieciešama augu un dzīvnieku sugu pastāvēšanai. Salīdzinot ar daudzām Rietumeiropas valstīm, Latvijā purvu ir saglabājušies ievērojami vairāk. Līdz ar to Latvijas purvi ir citu valstu pētnieku interešu lokā, jo var tikt uzskatīti par purvu etalona objektiem, kurus neizmainītā veidā citās Eiropas valstīs sastapt vairs nav iespējams, jo cilvēka darbības rezultātā ir pilnībā zudusi dabiskā augsto purvu veģetācija. Dr. biol. Māra Pakalne Projekta vadītāja Latvijas Dabas fonds EK LIFE-Daba projekts “Purva biotopu aizsardzības plāna īstenošana Latvijā” Foreword Mires in Latvia are an important part of the landscape and have a great value in preserving the biological diversity. Mires are a habitat for plant species that have adapted to the specific mire conditions that are characterised by permanent or periodic water level and peat forming vegetation. Although the raised bogs are poor in nutrients, they shelter many rare plant, animal and fungi species. Especially rich in species are calcareous fens. Mires in Latvia have developed during the last 10 000 years. During this time they have been influenced by the climate changes, but at present – by human activities that have left an impact not only to mire ecosystems but also to the neighbouring ones, like forests, rivers and lakes. Mires is an information source about the past vegetation that has existed thousands years ago about which it is possible to judge by studying mire origin and vegetation history using spore-pollen analysis. Mires tell also about the present human impact that finds reflection in the transformed plant cover of mires, as well as plant species composition and vegetation structure. Mires are influenced mostly by drainage for peat extraction, agriculture and forestry. In addition, fires change the mire vegetation, as well as lake eutrophication. There are studies that also acid rains and heavy metals affect mires. To prevent this human influence, in the four especially protected nature areas
Load more

Recommended publications
  • "National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary."
    Intro 1996 National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands The Fish and Wildlife Service has prepared a National List of Vascular Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1996 National Summary (1996 National List). The 1996 National List is a draft revision of the National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: 1988 National Summary (Reed 1988) (1988 National List). The 1996 National List is provided to encourage additional public review and comments on the draft regional wetland indicator assignments. The 1996 National List reflects a significant amount of new information that has become available since 1988 on the wetland affinity of vascular plants. This new information has resulted from the extensive use of the 1988 National List in the field by individuals involved in wetland and other resource inventories, wetland identification and delineation, and wetland research. Interim Regional Interagency Review Panel (Regional Panel) changes in indicator status as well as additions and deletions to the 1988 National List were documented in Regional supplements. The National List was originally developed as an appendix to the Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States (Cowardin et al.1979) to aid in the consistent application of this classification system for wetlands in the field.. The 1996 National List also was developed to aid in determining the presence of hydrophytic vegetation in the Clean Water Act Section 404 wetland regulatory program and in the implementation of the swampbuster provisions of the Food Security Act. While not required by law or regulation, the Fish and Wildlife Service is making the 1996 National List available for review and comment.
    [Show full text]
  • Geographic Distribution of Gryllotalpa Stepposa in South-Eastern Europe, with First Records for Romania, Hungary and Serbia (Insecta, Orthoptera, Gryllotalpidae)
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 605: 73–82Geographic (2016) distribution of Gryllotalpa stepposa in south-eastern Europe... 73 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.605.8804 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Geographic distribution of Gryllotalpa stepposa in south-eastern Europe, with first records for Romania, Hungary and Serbia (Insecta, Orthoptera, Gryllotalpidae) Ionuț Ștefan Iorgu1, Elena Iulia Iorgu1, Gellért Puskás2, Slobodan Ivković3, Simeon Borisov4, Viorel Dumitru Gavril5, Dragan Petrov Chobanov6 1 “Grigore Antipa” National Museum of Natural History, 1 Kiseleff Blvd., 011341 Bucharest, Romania 2 Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, 13 Baross u., H-1088, Budapest, Hungary 3 14 Lovačka, 21410 Futog, Serbia 4 “St. Kliment Ohridski” University, Faculty of Biology, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bul garia 5 Institute of Biology, Romanian Academy, 296 Independenţei Blvd., P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, Romania 6 Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., 1000 Sofia, Bul garia Corresponding author: Ionuț Ștefan Iorgu ([email protected]) Academic editor: F. Montealegre-Z | Received 11 April 2016 | Accepted 7 June 2016 | Published 14 July 2016 http://zoobank.org/693BF37D-8C2A-495E-8711-40B2C117EE06 Citation: Iorgu IS, Iorgu EI, Puskás G, Ivković S, Borisov S, Gavril VD, Chobanov DP (2016) Geographic distribution of Gryllotalpa stepposa in south-eastern Europe, with first records for Romania, Hungary and Serbia (Insecta, Orthoptera, Gryllotalpidae). ZooKeys 605: 73–82. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.605.8804 Abstract Described from the steppe zones north of the Black Sea, Caucasus, and central Asia, Gryllotalpa stepposa Zhantiev was recently recorded from a few localities in Greece, R.
    [Show full text]
  • Review Article Conservation Status of the Family Orchidaceae in Spain Based on European, National, and Regional Catalogues of Protected Species
    Hind ile Scientific Volume 2018, Article ID 7958689, 18 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7958689 Hindawi Review Article Conservation Status of the Family Orchidaceae in Spain Based on European, National, and Regional Catalogues of Protected Species Daniel de la Torre Llorente© Biotechnology-Plant Biology Department, Higher Technical School of Agronomic, Food and Biosystems Engineering, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, 28140 Madrid, Spain Correspondence should be addressed to Daniel de la Torre Llorente; [email protected] Received 22 June 2017; Accepted 28 December 2017; Published 30 January 2018 Academic Editor: Antonio Amorim Copyright © 2018 Daniel de la Torre Llorente. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Tis report reviews the European, National, and Regional catalogues of protected species, focusing specifcally on the Orchidaceae family to determine which species seem to be well-protected and where they are protected. Moreover, this examination highlights which species appear to be underprotected and therefore need to be included in some catalogues of protection or be catalogued under some category of protection. Te national and regional catalogues that should be implemented are shown, as well as what species should be included within them. Tis report should be a helpful guideline for environmental policies about orchids conservation in Spain, at least at the regional and national level. Around 76% of the Spanish orchid fora are listed with any fgure of protection or included in any red list, either nationally (about 12-17%) or regionally (72%).
    [Show full text]
  • Latvijas Universitātes Zinātniskie Raksti Acta Universitatis Latviensis
    ISSN 1407-2157 Latvijas Universitātes Zinātniskie Raksti Acta Universitatis Latviensis 613 LATVIJAS PURVU VEĢETĀCIJAS KLASIFIKĀCIJA UN DINAMIKA Latvijas Universitāte Latvijas purvu veģetācijas klasifikācija un dinamika Zinātniskie raksti 613. sējums Rīga 1998 -) / Latvijas punu veģetācijas klasifikācija un dinamika: Zinātniskie raksti/Redkolēģija: V.Kreile, M.Laiviņš, A.Namatēva. Rīga: LU, 1998. 92 Ipp. Rakstu krājumā apkopoti pēdējo gadu Latvijas purvu un ezeru krastu veģetācijas pētījumu rezultāti. Analizēti Teicu purva veidošanās apstākļi pēc putekšņu diagrammām. Publicētas purvu augu sabiedrību sintaksonomijas shēmas un sinoptiskās tabulas. Pētījumu rezultātus var izmantot bioloģijas un ģeogrāfijas studenti un citi interesenti. Redakcijas kolēģija: Vija Kreile, Māris Laiviņš, Anita Namatēva © Teicu valsts rezervāts, 1998 PRIEKŠVĀRDS 1997.gada 20.-21.oktobri Teicu rezervātā notika seminārs "Purvu veģetācijas klasifikācija, kartēšana un aizsardzība Latvijā", kurā piedalījās Latvijas Universitātes Bioloģijas un Ģeogrāfijas un Zemes zinātņu fakultāšu, Valsts Ģeoloģijas dienesta, Latvijas Valsts Mežzinātnes institūta "Silava" un Teicu valsts rezervāta speciālisti. Latvijas lielākajā purvu masīvā Teicos notika ekspedīcijas semināra dalībnieku iepazīstināšanai ar sūnu purvu ciņu un lāmu, pārejas un zāļu purvu, ezeru aizaugšanas joslu un palienes pļavu veģetāciju 2 maršrutos: Stiebriņi Kurtavas ezers Šūmāna ezers un Silagals Tolkajas ezers Siksala Islienas ezers. Seminārā tika nolasīti 8 ziņojumi par purvu veģetācijas un floras pētījumiem dažādos Latvijas reģionos, demonstrētas kartes un sintaksonomijas shēmas. Šajā rakstu krājumā publicēti semināra materiāli. Semināra norisi un rakstu krājuma sagatavošanu atbalstīja LR Vides aizsardzības fonds un Teicu valsts rezervāts. SATURS M.Laiviņš. Latvijas ziedaugu un paparžaugu sabiedrību augstākie sintaksoni 7 M.Pakalne. Latvijas purvu veģetācijas raksturojums 23 A. Lācis, L.Kalniņa. Purvu uzbūve un attīstība Teicu valsts rezervātā 39 B.Bambe. Purvu veģetācijas dinamika Teicu rezervātā 56 S.Jermacāne.
    [Show full text]
  • Cambridgeshire and Peterborough County Wildlife Sites
    Cambridgeshire and Peterborough County Wildlife Sites Selection Guidelines VERSION 6.2 April 2014 CAMBRIDGESHIRE & PETERBOROUGH COUNTY WILDLIFE SITES PANEL CAMBRIDGESHIRE & PETERBOROUGH COUNTY WILDLIFE SITES PANEL operates under the umbrella of the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Biodiversity Partnership. The panel includes suitably qualified and experienced representatives from The Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Northamptonshire; Natural England; The Environment Agency; Cambridgeshire County Council; Peterborough City Council; South Cambridgeshire District Council; Huntingdonshire District Council; East Cambridgeshire District Council; Fenland District Council; Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Environmental Records Centre and many amateur recorders and recording groups. Its aim is to agree the basis for site selection, reviewing and amending them as necessary based on the best available biological information concerning the county. © THE WILDLIFE TRUST FOR BEDFORDSHIRE, CAMBRIDGESHIRE AND NORTHAMPTONSHIRE 2014 © Appendices remain the copyright of their respective originators. All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in any type of retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, photocopying, mechanical, recording or otherwise) without the permission of the copyright owner. INTRODUCTION The Selection Criteria are substantially based on Guidelines for selection of biological SSSIs published by the Nature Conservancy Council (succeeded by English Nature) in 1989. Appropriate modifications have been made to accommodate the aim of selecting a lower tier of sites, i.e. those sites of county and regional rather than national importance. The initial draft has been altered to reflect the views of the numerous authorities consulted during the preparation of the Criteria and to incorporate the increased knowledge of the County's habitat resource gained by the Phase 1 Habitat Survey (1992-97) and other survey work in the past decade.
    [Show full text]
  • The Red Data List of Irish Plants
    The Red Data List of Irish Plants The risks that species face are each very different, however, as a guide to the susceptibility of a given species, an agreed set of categories has been established internationally, and these are used to determine the potential risk that a species could become extinct. These categories are:- CRITICALLY ENDANGERED or CR - Species that are declining at a fast rate, and face imminent risk of extinction. ENDANGERED or E - Species that are declining, or grow in habitats likely to be disturbed, 'developed' or facing an ongoing degradation. VULNERABLE or V - Species that are currently not endangered, but would be extremely vulnerable if their habitats are disturbed in the future. There are seven species of plant that require immediate intervention (CR) if we are to save them from joining the fate of 11 other species that are now known to be extinct in Ireland. A number of these are already extinct in the Republic, and are not therefore legally protected under the 1999 Flora Protection Act. In the list below, 188 species of plant are listed, of which 64 are flowering plants, 4 ferns, 14 mosses, 4 liverworts, 1 lichen and 2 algae. Protected=1999 Flora Protection Order; (protected)= formerly protected by 1987 Order; {protected}= formerly protected by 1980 Order; (NI)= protected in Northern Ireland only. EXTINCT (9) Pheasant's-eye Adonis annua -- Corncockle Agrostemma githago Cogal Corn Chamomile Anthemis arvensis Fíogadán goirt Purple Spurge Euphorbia peplis Spuirse dhearg Sea Stock Matthiola sinuata Tonóg chladaigh
    [Show full text]
  • Studies on the Genus Carex on the Idaho Panhandle National Forests
    STUDIES IN THE GENUS CAREX ON THE IDAHO PANHANDLE NATIONAL FORESTS by Steven L. Caicco Natural Heritage Section Nongame Wildlife/Endangered Species Program Bureau of Wildlife December 1988 Idaho Department of Fish and Game 600 South Walnut Street, P.O. Box 25 Boise, Idaho 83707 Jerry M. Conley, Director Cooperative Challenge Grant Project Idaho Panhandle National Forests Idaho Department of Fish and Game Contract No. 53-0281-7-163 ABSTRACT Eleven of thirteen species of the genus Carex (sedges) which have been designated as Sensitive Species within Region 1 of the U.S. Forest Service are known to occur in Idaho. In this study, the status of these thirteen species, plus one other species of sedge, on the Idaho Panhandle National Forests was investigated through herbaria searches and field surveys. In individual reports, the taxonomy, description, range, habitat, collection record, and conservation status of nine of the fourteen species are discussed. Each species discussion ends with recommendations for land managers and field personnel. The other five species of sedge are more briefly discussed. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT...................................................... i TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................. ii LIST OF APPENDICES............................................ ii INTRODUCTION.................................................. 1 INDIVIDUAL SPECIES REPORTS Carex aenea Fern. ............................................ 2 Carex buxbaumii Wahl. ........................................ 4 Carex californica
    [Show full text]
  • Arctic and Boreal Plant Species Decline at Their Southern Range Limits in the Rocky Mountains
    Ecology Letters, (2017) 20: 166–174 doi: 10.1111/ele.12718 LETTER Arctic and boreal plant species decline at their southern range limits in the Rocky Mountains Abstract Peter Lesica1,2* and Climate change is predicted to cause a decline in warm-margin plant populations, but this hypoth- Elizabeth E. Crone3 esis has rarely been tested. Understanding which species and habitats are most likely to be affected is critical for adaptive management and conservation. We monitored the density of 46 populations representing 28 species of arctic-alpine or boreal plants at the southern margin of their ranges in the Rocky Mountains of Montana, USA, between 1988 and 2014 and analysed population trends and relationships to phylogeny and habitat. Marginal populations declined overall during the past two decades; however, the mean trend for 18 dicot populations was À5.8% per year, but only À0.4% per year for the 28 populations of monocots and pteridophytes. Declines in the size of peripheral populations did not differ significantly among tundra, fen and forest habitats. Results of our study support predicted effects of climate change and suggest that vulnerability may depend on phylogeny or associated anatomical/physiological attributes. Keywords arctic-alpine plants, boreal plants, climate change, fens, marginal populations, peripheral popula- tions, range margins, Rocky Mountains. Ecology Letters (2017) 20: 166–174 2009; Sexton et al. 2009; Brusca et al. 2013), which suggests INTRODUCTION that in some cases climate does not determine a species’ range. Climate of the earth is changing at an unprecedented rate Nonetheless, most plant ecologists believe that climate is an (Jackson & Overpeck 2000; IPCC 2013) and is predicted to important factor determining geographic range limits.
    [Show full text]
  • WETLAND PLANTS – Full Species List (English) RECORDING FORM
    WETLAND PLANTS – full species list (English) RECORDING FORM Surveyor Name(s) Pond name Date e.g. John Smith (if known) Square: 4 fig grid reference Pond: 8 fig grid ref e.g. SP1243 (see your map) e.g. SP 1235 4325 (see your map) METHOD: wetland plants (full species list) survey Survey a single Focal Pond in each 1km square Aim: To assess pond quality and conservation value using plants, by recording all wetland plant species present within the pond’s outer boundary. How: Identify the outer boundary of the pond. This is the ‘line’ marking the pond’s highest yearly water levels (usually in early spring). It will probably not be the current water level of the pond, but should be evident from the extent of wetland vegetation (for example a ring of rushes growing at the pond’s outer edge), or other clues such as water-line marks on tree trunks or stones. Within the outer boundary, search all the dry and shallow areas of the pond that are accessible. Survey deeper areas with a net or grapnel hook. Record wetland plants found by crossing through the names on this sheet. You don’t need to record terrestrial species. For each species record its approximate abundance as a percentage of the pond’s surface area. Where few plants are present, record as ‘<1%’. If you are not completely confident in your species identification put’?’ by the species name. If you are really unsure put ‘??’. After your survey please enter the results online: www.freshwaterhabitats.org.uk/projects/waternet/ Aquatic plants (submerged-leaved species) Stonewort, Bristly (Chara hispida) Bistort, Amphibious (Persicaria amphibia) Arrowhead (Sagittaria sagittifolia) Stonewort, Clustered (Tolypella glomerata) Crystalwort, Channelled (Riccia canaliculata) Arrowhead, Canadian (Sagittaria rigida) Stonewort, Common (Chara vulgaris) Crystalwort, Lizard (Riccia bifurca) Arrowhead, Narrow-leaved (Sagittaria subulata) Stonewort, Convergent (Chara connivens) Duckweed , non-native sp.
    [Show full text]
  • Food Composition and Food Consumption of the Rook Corvus Frugilegus in Agrocoenoses in Poland
    POLSKA AKADEMIA NAUK INSTYTUT ZOOLOGII ACTA ORNITHOLOGICA Tom X V II Warszawa, 30 IX 1980 Nr 17 Jadwiga G bo m a d zk a Food composition and food consumption of the Rook Corvus frugilegus in agrocoenoses in Poland G-romadzka, J. 1980. Food composition and food consumption of the Rook Corvus frugi­ legus in agrocoenoses in Poland. Acta orn. 17: 227-256. Throughout the year Books take vegetable and animal food in nearly equal proportions. Vegetable food consists mainly of grains, and animal food of insects. The author has used a new method for estimating weight proportions of different food items, a method which takes into consideration digestion time for different food types. A high percentage of pests have been found in the Eook’s diet. One Rook takes annually about 13 kg of grain and 16 kg of animal food. J. Gromadzka, Ornithological Station, Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 80-680 Gdansk 40, Poland. Состав пищи и пищевые потребности грачаCorvus frugilegus в агроценозах Польши. На протяжении всего года грачи питаются как растительным, так и животным кормом, при­ чем оба рода пищи потребляются в сходных количествах. Растительная пища состоит главным образом из зерен злаковых, животная — из насекомых. Автором применен новый метод оценки весовых пропорций отдельных пищевых компонентов в диете птиц, который позволяет учесть период переваривания разного рода кормов. Высокий процент в диете грача составляют вреди­ тели растений. Один грач съедает на протяжении года13 кг зерна и 16 кг животных. INTRODUCTION The object of the study was to determine the composition of the food eaten by the Books in Poland, to estimate the percentage of different types of food in their diet, and the value of their annual food requirement.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological Variability and Genetic Diversity in Carex Buxbaumii and Carex Hartmaniorum (Cyperaceae) Populations
    Morphological variability and genetic diversity in Carex buxbaumii and Carex hartmaniorum (Cyperaceae) populations Helena Wi¦cªaw1, Magdalena Szenejko1,2, Thea Kull3, Zofia Sotek1, Ewa R¦bacz-Maron4 and Jacob Koopman5 1 Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland 2 Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Center, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland 3 Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia 4 Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland 5 Unaffiliated, Choszczno, Poland ABSTRACT Background. Carex buxbaumii and C. hartmaniorum are sister species of the clade Papilliferae within the monophyletic section Racemosae. An unambiguous identifica- tion of these species is relatively difficult due to the interspecific continuum of some morphological characters as well as the intraspecific variability. The study was aimed at determining the range of variability, both morphological and genetic, within and between these two closely related and similar species. Methods. The sedges were collected during botanical expeditions to Armenia, Estonia, the Netherlands, and Poland. The morphological separation of the two species and their populations was tested using the Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA). The genetic variability of the 19 Carex populations was assessed in the presence of eight Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) primers. Results. Results of the study indicate a considerable genetic affinity between the two sedge species (mean Si D 0.619). However, the populations of C. hartmaniorum are, morphologically and genetically, more homogenous than the populations of C. buxbaumii. Compared to C. hartmaniorum, C. buxbaumii usually has wider leaf Submitted 10 September 2020 blades, a shorter inflorescence, a lower number of spikes which are shorter, but wider, Accepted 7 April 2021 and longer bracts and utricles.
    [Show full text]
  • NOTES Watsonia 26 (2007) the GUNNA (V.C. 103) RECORD for CAREX APPROPINQUATA SCHUM. (CYPERACEAE) Many of the Late 1930S and 1940
    Watsonia 26: 385–389 (2007) NOTES Watsonia 26 (2007) 385 Notes THE GUNNA (V.C. 103) RECORD FOR CAREX APPROPINQUATA SCHUM. (CYPERACEAE) Many of the late 1930s and 1940s records of J. (Mackechnie in litt. to A. C. Jermy). This W. Heslop Harrison from the Isle of Rhum specimen, along with others, was bequeathed to (v.c. 103) and elsewhere in the Hebrides are the Edinburgh herbarium shortly after now widely considered to result from the Mackechnie died in 1978. deliberate introduction of plants in an attempt The label states “Carex appropinquata. Island to provide evidence to support his theory for of Gunna, between Coll & Tiree. June 1940. survival of elements of the flora from pre- Prof. J. W. Heslop Harrison”. However, the glacial times (Sabagh 2001, Preston 2004, label is not in Heslop Harrison’s hand but was Pearman & Walker 2004). Several such records directly transcribed by the curator from the are for Carex species, some of them purporting wrapping covering the specimen (which also to be the first for the British Isles. Perhaps the contained Nelmes’ original signed deter- most surprising were Carex bicolor and C. mination slip) when received for incorporation glacialis both known from Europe and (D. R. McKean pers. comm. 2006). The curator elsewhere but not from the British Isles. feels confident that this was done accurately. Understandably, these have been treated with There are certain facts which support this considerable scepticism, both at the time and record and others which cast doubt upon it. since. Perhaps the most favourable is that it is a There is, however, a most interesting Heslop published record supported by a voucher Harrison record for Carex appropinquata from specimen, albeit on a re-labelled sheet.
    [Show full text]