1822 CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD- HOUSE February 4

. successor to Continental Hosiery Co., of Hen­ H .R. 4124. A bill for -the relief of Jan ' By Mr. SANTANGELO: ' . ' derson, N.C.; to the Committee on the Judi· Libiszewski; to the Committee on the Judi­ H.R. 4138. A bill for the relief of Gianni ciary. ciary. Mender; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. DORN of South Carolina: H.R. 4125. A bill for the relief of Renata H .R . 4139. A bill for the relief of Giu.seppe H.R. 4109. A bill to provide for the issuance Falkiewicz; to the Committee on the Judi­ Zappone; to the Committee on the Judiciary. of a license to practice chiropractic in the ciary. By Mr. TELLER: District of Columbia to Anderson Brown; to H.R. 4126. A bill for the relief of Milorad H.R. 4140. A bill for the relief of Victoria the Committee on the District of Columbia. Tasic; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Pei Chiung Tcheng; to the Committee on By Mr. DURHAM: H.R. 4127. A bill for the relief of the the Judiciary. H.R. 4110. A blll to clarify the enlisted Pacific Cust01ns Brokerage Co., of Detroit, H.R. 4141. A bill for the relief of Laureano status of Grover C. McQueen, deceased; to Mich.; to the Committee on the Judiciary. and Conception Medina; to the Committee the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. MAILLIARD: on the Judiciary. By Mr. FLOOD: H .R. 4128. A bill for the relief of Eduardo By Mr. UTT: H.R. 4111. A bill for the relief of Eva Marie R afael Vital; to the Committee on the Judi­ H .R. 4142. A bill for the relief of Wintford Lesher; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ciary. By Mrs. GRIFFITHS: Jesse Thompson; to the Committee on the H.R. 4112. A bill for the relief of Elizabeth By Mr. MOULDER: Judiciary. Hovsepian; to the Committee on the Ju­ H.R. 4129. A bill for the relief of John By Mr. WALLHAUSER: diciary. Curry and J . L. Hieronymus; to the Com­ H.R. 4143. A bill for the relief of Mrs. H .R. 41l3. A bill for the relief of Chrysavgi mittee on the Judiciary. -Betty Barad f'trul and her minor daughter, Kontopoulos; to the Committee on the Ju­ By Mr. MULTER: Anna Strul; to the Committee on the Ju­ diciary. H.R. 4130. A bill for the relief of Jennie diciary. By Mr. HAYS: Alparn and d au ghters Berthe F. and Bellina By Mr. WILSON: . H.R. 4114. A bill for the relief of Maria F. Alpern; to the Committee on the Judi­ H.R. 4144. A bill for the relief of Anthonie Concetta Cozza; to the Committee on the ciary. Blom; ta the· Committee on the Judiciary·. Judiciary. By Mr. O'BRIEN of New York: By Mr. HEAI,.EY: H.R. 4131. A bill for. the relief of Miss Lil­ H.R. 4115. A bill for the relief of Lew Kab­ lian Dunn (formerly Miss Lillian Oh); to PETITIONS, ETC. lak; to the Committee on the Judiciary. the Committee on the Judiciary. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions By Mr. HOLLAND: By Mr. O'HARA of Illinois: H .R. 4116. A bill for the relief of Clifford and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk N. McLeod; to the Committee on the Ju­ H.R. 4132. A bill for the relief of Ante Tonic (Tunic), his wife Elizabeth Tunic, and and referred as follows: diciary . . 60. By Mr. CANFIELD: Resolution adopted By Mr. KASEM: their two minor children, Ante Tunic, Jr., and Joseph Tunic; to the Committee on the at the 16th Annual Convention, Utility Co­ H.R. 4117. A bill for the r-elief of Thirza Workers' Association, urging the amendment Skoff; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Judiciary. By Mr. RABAUT: of the Labor Management Relations Act of H.R. 4118. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Amy 1947; to the Committee on Education and B. Westwood; to the Committee on the Ju­ H .R. 4133. A bill for the relief of Fouad diciary. Mikhail Zada; his wife, Sabat Zada (nee Labor. H .R. 4119. A bill for the relief of Mrs. Leon or Laoun) ; and their minor child, 61. Also, resolutions adopted at the 16th Dorothy Yu Hwang; to the Committee on Michel; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Annual Convention, Utility Co-Workers' As­ the Judiciary. sociation ( 1) petitioning the Congress of By Mr. RIVERS of Alaska: the United States to enact legislation which By Mr. LANE: H.R. 4134. A bill to confer jurisdiction H.R. 4120. A bill for the r.elief of Dr. Ray­ would increase the exempted income under upon the District Court for the territory of social security to $1,800 annually; (2) urg­ mond A. Vonderlehr and certain other of­ ~ Al a ska to hear, determine, and render judg.­ ficers of the Public Health Service; to the ing' legislation to increase the exemption for m ent upon. ~he claim,· or claims, of Scotty .children and dependents to the sum of $800 Committee on t he Judiciary: . · J ames, of Sitka, Alaf?ka; to the Committee H.R. 4121. A bill for the relief of certain annually; (3) recommending that social se­ on the Judiciary. curity be:p.efits be made available to em­ members of the Armed Forces of the Unite\1 H.R. 4135. A bill to authorize the convey­ States, or their survivors, who were captured -ployees who have reached 62 years of age; ance of · certain lands in Alaska to Martha. and ( 4) opposin~ the, unfair practice of ty­ and held as prisoners of Wfl,r in the Korean ·L. Babinec, as administratrix of the ·estate of ho.stilities; to the Committee o:ri. the Judi- _ing retirement benefits to soc~al security ciary. - ·· · Laurence Starns, deceased; to the Committee p ayments; to the Committee on Ways and on Interior and Insular Affairs. By Mr. McCORMACK: Means. H.R. 4122. A bill for the relief of James By Mr. ROGERS of Florida: 62. By the SPEAKER: Petition of execu­ Philip Coyle; to the Committee on the H.R. 4136. A bill for the relief of Katina tive director, the Council of State Govern­ Judiciary. Askouni; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ments, Chicago, Ill., petitioning considera­ By Mr. MACHROWICZ: By Mr. ROSTENKOWSKI: tion of their resolution relative to request­ H .R. 4123. A bill for the relief of Arratoon H .R. 4137. A bill for the relief of Tam Jam ing statehood for Hawaii; to the Committee Manuel; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Yick; to the Committee on the Judiciary. on Interior and Insular Affairs.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

Tribute to Hon. Richard B. Russell, of There being no objection, the remarks This is the sole reference from a biograph­ were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, ical standpoint to one of the most able and Georgia as follows: popular Members of tt.e U.S. Senate. Even though his biographical sketch is the ·REMARKS BY REPRESENTATIVE JAMES E. VAN ,personification of brevity, Senator RtrssELL's EXTENSION OF REMARKS ZANDT, MEMBER OF CONGRESS, 20TH,DISTRICT OF official activities embrace chairman ·of the OF PENNSYLVANIA, JANUARY 30, 1959, IN PRE­ Senate Committee on the Armed Services, HON. HERMAN E. TALMADGE SENTING U.S. SENATOR RICHARD B. RUSSELL, and membership on the powerful Senate OF GEORGIA, THE ANNUAL CITATION BY THE Committee, on Appropriations. OF GEORGIA RESERVE OFFICERS AsSoCIATION AS MAN OF He is also a member of the congres­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES THE YEAR FOR 1959 sional ·Joint Committee on Atomic Energy Wednesday, February 4,1959 It is a signal honor to have been selected to and, in addition, is serving as a member of present the Reserve Officers' Association an­ the Board of Visitors to the Military Acad­ Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, I ask nual citation to the citizen who has contrib­ emy, the Board of Visitors to the Naval unanimous consent to have printed in uted most to national security in these times. Academy, and the Board of Visitors to the the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the text Of The recipient of this year's award is a dis­ Air Force Academy. remarks on January 30, 1959, by the tingu ished Member of the U.S. Senate, and since it is the habit in Congress to rely upon The resolution selecting Senator RICHARD Honorable JAMES E. VANZANDT, Member B. RussELL for this annual citation describes of Congress from the 20th District of the Congressional Directory for background information, it is interesting to observe that him in a manner in keeping with his worth­ Pennsylvania, in presenting to the dis­ the recipient of the award is recorded in the while contributions to our national defense. tinguished senior Senator from Georgia p ages of j;he directory listing Senators as The resolution that accompanies the ci­ [Mr. RussELL] the annual Minute Man follows: tation reads .as follows: of the Year Award of the Reserve Officers "RICHARD BREVARD RUSSELL, Democrat, Of "Reserve Officers Association of the United Association of the United States. Winder, Ga." States annual citation to the citizen who 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1823 has contributed most to national security in Before -calling on the speakers, I should tive eommittee of . the Democratic Party of these times: 1959, RICHARD BREVARD RUSSELL, like to introduce to you Mrs. Ruth Heller, Kings County. . "An association resolution: To the Hon­ the judge's charming wife, who has so m:­ I should like to introduce for a bow at this orable RICHARD BREVARD RUSSELL, . because derstandingly cooperated with him in ·hls time the Honorable Joseph T. Sharkey, ma­ throughout your career you have been-. work oyer the years. jority leader of the city council and chairman "(a) Profoundly aware of the obligation (Presentation of flowers by the officers of of tlie executive committee of the Demo­ of every citizen to service to his nation, and the court.) , ·· cratic Party of Kings County. by continuing precept and example aided Judge SOBEL. I should like also to intro­ I should also like to note the presence of in keeping alive this vital tradition; duce his very lovely daughter, Marcia. Judge Heller's former associates o! this com­ " (b) Broadly knowledgeable in history and . His son Bobby, who. was present at the mittee; the Honorable James V. Mangano, motivations of peoples and nations of the formal swearing-in last week, returned yes-:­ general clerk of the Supreme Court of -Kings world, you have exercised a genius for lead­ terday to Bucknell University, and the judge County, who had the distinction of opening ership critically contributing 1;otthis Nation's has just whispered in my ear that he is the ceremonies on yesterday commemorating victories in wars; cramming, as we all used to do, for his final the dedication . of the new supreme court "(c) Nobly motivated in your public serv­ exams. building; Hon. John Cashmore, borough ice, you have shunned narow considerations, I should like to introduce for a bow his president of Brooklyn and former chairman including partisanship, but rather have fixed lifelong partner and associate in the prac­ of the Kings County Democratic organiza­ your course and your influence toward high­ tice of law, his devoted brother Harry, who tion; Hon. Jack Weinberg; Hon. Harry M. est standards of national interest; has been by his side during many trying Mortimer; Hon. Ross J. DiLorenzo; Dr. Joshua "(d) Deeply dedicated to honor and duty, years. H. Friedman; Hon. Frank A. Nolan, commis­ you have given of your strength and genius There are so many of Louis Heller's old sioner of borough works; Hon. Joseph B. far beyond and above the call of both honor friends here, even his childhood and boyhood Whitty, county clerk; Hon. Frank A. Cun­ and duty. friends, that I must, without selecting any ningham, Jr., chief clerk of the appellate "In the name of this Nation's first Minute­ particular one or group, mention that in­ term; Hon. Harry Morr, deputy fire commis­ men, who gave our forefathers the inspira­ cluded in the group, sitting in the audience, sioner; Hon. James M. Power, commissioner tion and instinct to contest to the death for are 22 members of the class of June,1922, of of the board of elections; Hon. Albert M. their liberty, this association proudly recog­ Boys High School. This is a class which has Leavitt, chief clerk of the surrogates court, nizes your service a~ a patriot, and its mean­ great historical significance to Boys High Kings County; Hon. Vincent P. Carney, for­ ingful contribution to the national security because it was the only class in the history mer motor vehicle commissioner; Council­ shared by every citizen of the United States of this country, I think, which captured all man Edward Vogel; Assemblyman Stanley 1n these times. of the State scholarships, all of the Cornell Steingut; Hon. John A. Valente, deputy mar­ "For the association-by the National ·scholarships, and all of the Harvard scholar-:­ kets commissioner; and Hon. Alexander G. Executive Committee, Washington, D.C., ships, and, indeed, all of the other scholar­ Hesterberg, tax commissioner-all State com­ January 30, 1959. ships offered throughout the country, all mitteemen associated with Judge Heller in "(Signed) Rear Adm. Leon J. Jacobi, in one class, in one school, and 1n one par­ many of his activities. 'P'SNR, National President, Detroit; and Col. ticular year. I can see many co-leaders present, but I John T. Carlton, USAR, Executive Director, We had a great :.nany geniuses among must be pardoned if I do not call out their Washington." them, geniuses in the medical profession who names, and in lieu thereof I shall read the Senator RussELL-Or DICK as you are have proved themselves, in business, in the following telegram by Victoria Rapps, chair­ known to your thousands of friends-it gives other professions, and, of course, least of man of the co-leaders executive committee. me great pleasure to present you with tb.e all are the geniuses who ascended the bench. "On behalf of the Democratic Co-leaders of Reserve Officers Association award of Man I see present one of them, Judge Keogh of Kings County, I congratulate you and I wi,sh of the Year for 1959, and with it I extend the supreme court, and Judge DiGiovanna for you and your family good health, and my sincere congratulations. of the supreme court, also a member of the many happy years in judicial life." class, and, of course, Judge Starke and Judge I shall also read an excerpt from a mes­ Schor are present here, and a great many sage from a former associate o! Judge Heller members of the legislature, and least of all, in the legislature, the Honorable Robert F. myself. Wagner, mayor of the city of New York. He Hon. Louis B. Heller My friendship with Louis goes back even says: much before the time we attended high "Regret exceedingly that official business EXTENSION OF REMARKS school. We knew each other when we at­ makes it impossible for me to be with you tended elementary school. OF on the occasion of your induction as a justice The following addressed the meeting: of the city court. I am pleased to join with Francis Verilli, Esq., the president of the all of your friends in congratulating you for HON. EUGENE J. KEOGH Brooklyn Bar Association. you have done so much to help make our OF NEW YORK Albert Gondelman, Esq., chairman of the city a better place in which to live." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES city court committee of the Brooklyn Bar Present in spirit is the lifelong friend of ,A.ssocia tion. Judge Heller, the president of the city coun­ Wednesday, February 4,1959 · Judge Joseph A. Solovei, who presented a cil, Hon. Abe Stark. I shall read only part Mr. KEOGH. Mr. Speaker, under the scroll on behalf of the Kings County Crimf­ of his message. nal Bar Association, which reads as follows: "Your constructive record in Congress and leave to extend my remarks in the REc­ "The Kings County Criminal Bar Associa­ on the bench naturally endow you for this ORD, I include the following remarks tion presents this plaque to Hon. Louis B. new responsib111ty. I am confident that the made at the induction ceremonies of our Heller, justice of the city court of the city city court will be enriched by your demon­ former colleague, Hon. Louis B. Heller, of New York, for his distinguished services strated talent in the realm of judicial affairs." who was inducted as a justice of the city as a lawyer and judge, his warmhearted con­ As you are all aware, the legislature has court of. New York at the Central Courts cern for his fellow man and counsel to the convened this morning for its first session of Building, Brooklyn, on January 6, 1959. bench and bar." the year 1959. Present, however, are a great Hon. Nathan R. Sobel of the county court Gilbert S. Rosenthal, Esq., president of the many members of the legislature who are Association of Lawyers of the Criminal taking early trains to Albany. They insisted of Kings County presided at the cere­ Courts of Manhattan, also presented a scroll, on staying for these ceremonies. I regret monies: which reads as follows: that I am unable to call on all of them, but Judge SOBEL. May I invite the newly elect­ "The Association of Lawyers of the Crimi­ I should like to have the senior delegate from ed justice of the city court, the Honorable nal Courts of Manhattan extend to Judge Brooklyn, the Honorable Bernard Austin, Louis B. Heller, to enter the courtroom. Louis B. Heller the heartiest congratulations speak for the members of the assembly. (Judge Heller enters. Applause.) and best wishes on his appointment to a (Assemblyman Austin spoke briefly.) Judge SOBEL. May I introduce Rabbi Bau­ higher court. For many years Judge Heller Judge SoBEL. I should also like to have mol, Judge Heller's rabbi, who will deliver served the city and State of New York with Senator William Rosenblatt speak for the the invocation. pride and distinction. His untiring efforts, members of the senate. wise counsel and vast experience have done (Senator Rosenblatt spoke briefly.) (Rabbi Baumol delivers inv.ocation.) much to further the cause of justice. We, Judge SoBEL. The attorney general of the Judge SOBEL. Judge Heller has requested who practice in the criminal courts, indeed State of New York, the Honorable Louis that these proceedings be kept ·as infornnal regret to see him go but are happy that his Lefkowitz, 1s detained in Albany, and has as possible. We have had requests.from many new appointment reflects a job well done. sent the following message: of his dear friends and associates in the May he continue his dedicated work for many "It has been my privilege to be a friend courts, as well as the legislature and Con­ years in the best of health." of Louis Heller for many, many years. gress, to speak. We have explained to them Morris Himmelfarb, Esq~ . representing the Blesse.d with innate wisdom and unexcelled that we shall curtail the speechmaking and Queens County Criminal Bar Association. integrity, Louis not only has gained an make their presence known so that they Judge Heller, as you know, has held many enviable record in public service but by_ his may briefly congratulate the newly elected public offices. I know you recall that he sincerity and consideration of others, he justice. served for more than 10 years on the execu- has earned the regard and love of all with 1824 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 4 whom he has come into contact. I am con­ "'Lou Heller is a truly great public servant gan, Serper, Ohringer, Malbln, Livoti, Wal­ fident that Louis Heller will add immeasur­ and a real friend to any of us. As a former lach, Glowa, and Cullen. ably to the city court's proud record of colleague of his in the Congress of the I am acting as chairman on this occasion achievement." United States, I congratulate the people of only by sufferance. We had expected that As all of you know, Louis has served for New York on his induction as justice of your Chief Judge conway's duties would permit several terms with great distinction in the courts. I extend to him my sincere per­ him to attend and preside over these cere­ House of Representatives. As you have no sonal greetings and regards with the full monies. Unfortunately, this was not to be, doubt read in the newspapers, the House is knowledge that this is but a continuation but I have here a very warm telegram from organizing this morning and since there is of a great career in public service." the chief judge to the new justice. It reads: a controversial matter before it concerning Other Members of the House of Repre­ "I send you every good wish for health the increase in the membership of the sentatives who served with Judge Heller and and happiness in your further service to the powerful House Rules Committee, many of who sent messages are: Hon. JoHN J. p eople of our city as city court justice." his former colleagues who had planned to ROONEY, Hon. ABE MULTER, Hon. ISIDORE The District At torney's Association ts be here have been unable to attend. DOLLINGER, Hon. JOHN B. BENNETT, Hon. holding its annual convention in California, I have too many messages to read, hence HERBERT ZELENKO, Hon. OREN HARRIS, Hon. a much more pleasant, and I am sure, permit me to read excerpts from only a few PETER W. RODINO, Jr., Hon. PAUL A. FINO, warmer place than Brooklyn is today. Dis­ and then mention the names of his col­ Hon. LESTER HOLTZMAN, and Hon. EUGENE trict Attorney Silver has sent his chief as­ leagues, whose messages I hold in my hand. KEOGH. sistant, the Honorable Kenneth McCabe, From the Honorable SAM RAYBURN, Speaker Only yesterday I received a telephone call who will address you later. of the House: from the dean of the Kings County delega­ The Honorable Frank Hogan, who is also "I want to congratulate you as you begin tion in the House. He is, of course, the on vacation, has deputized one of his chief a splendid career as city court justice and Honorable EMANUEL CELLER, chairman of assistants, the Honorable Anthony Leibler, extend to you my kindest wishes for a long the Committee on the Judiciary. Congress­ who will also address you. life of useful service to your people." man CELLER is a close and dear personal Frank O'Connor, the district attorney of From Hon. JOHN W. McCoRMACK, Massa­ . friend of Judge Heller and, indeed, of all of Queens County, phoned in a warm message chusetts, the majority leader: us. We, in Brooklyn, are particularly proud just a few minutes ago. "Dear Louis, I regret very much omcial of our Congressman, because we feel he has Most of the justices of the supreme court business in Washington prevents my being made the greatest contribution to the wel­ from Kings County are with us. Mr. Justice with you and your many friends when you fare of the people of the United States in Anthony DiGiovanni, the chairman of the are sworn in. While I have missed you here the many years he has served as chairman board of justices, will speak on their behalf. I extend to you my hearty congratulations of that powerful committee. We particu­ But I cannot permit this occasion to pass and very best wishes for every happiness and larly emphasize his magnificent achieve­ without asking Mr. Justice J. Vincent success in your new position and field of ment in the field of antitrust and anti­ Keogh, a lifelong friend and classmate of great responsibility." monopoly legislation. both Judge Heller and myself, to stand up From Hon. CARL ALBERT, Oklahoma, · Congressman CELLER phoned in a warm and take a bow. Democratic whip: message. He asked me to state that he has I should like to have Mr. Justice Arthur "It is really marvelous to know that such been made very happy, Judge Heller, because Klein, of New York County, a colleague of a good friend is getting along so well. We your ambitions are being realized. He is Judge Heller in Congress, to stand up and cer tainly miss you in Washington. Come certain that you will bring to bear upon your take a bow. to see us." work in the city court the fine qualities It is also my privilege to Introduce the Now, from the Senate side, may I read the yc:m exemplified in the Congress of the Honorable Ferdinand Pecora, former justice following excerpts: United States. of the supreme court of New York County. From the Honorable JACOB K. JAVITS, senior Seated at the bench next to Louis is the [Applause.) I know your applause would Senator from New York: chief justice of the city court, the Honor­ be even more resounding, if that were pos­ "My warmest congratulations on this able Peter A. Quinn, who has had a dis- sible, if you knew that Judge Pecora is auspicious occasion. Your new appointment . tinguished career in the legislature and in celebrating today his 77th birthday, You reflects the great pride and confidence of Congress, and who now graces one of the will soon hear from him. your colleagues and associates in your finest courts of our city. Both have been I should also like to note the presence ability and the integrity of your actions. colleagues but now Peter is going to be Lou's of the surrogate of Kii~gs County, the Hon­ Please accept my every good wish for chief, and a finer chief Lou knows he could orable Maxmillian Moss, who will speak, and success." never have. He will soon address you. also the Honorable Samuel DiFalco, sur­ From the Honorable KENNETH KEATING, Present are almost all of the justices of rogate of New York County, who asks leave newly elected and now junior Senator from the court of special sessions. They all de­ to return to a motion calendar which was New York: sire to say a few words. However, the lim­ scheduled for early this morning. [Ap­ "Warmest greetings as you begin your new itations of time make it impossible for us plause.] duties as city court justice. I know you to complete these proceedings and yet hear Present also with us on this occasion is will bring dignity and judgment to your from all of them. the Hono;rable Henry Ughetta, justice of the new post and I wish you every success and Seated with us on the bench is the presi­ a ppellate division of the second department, happiness in the years ahead." dent-justice of the court of special sessions, who brings with him the greetings and From a very warm and dear friend of the Honorable Irving Ben Cooper, a very good wishes of all of his associates in this Lou's, the Honorable JoHN F. KENNEDY, Sena­ dear friend of Lou's. And also our very department, and who, I am sure, will want tor from Massachusetts: dear friend, the Honorable Vincent Impel­ to say a few words. "Warmest congratulations on the occasion litteri, a member of the court and the Similar messages have been sent by the of your taking over your new position as former mayor of the city of New York. We Honorable George J. Beldock, a lifelong court justice. I am delighted that you have want to express our appreciation to Justices friend of Lou's, and now a justice of the received this important judicial recognition Cannella, Galloway, Cawse, Gassman, Ross­ appellate division of the supreme court. and that you'll continue to serve the New bach, Acquavella, Silver, Loscalzo, Byrne, Also from the Honorable Leo F. Rayfiel, judge York community with eminence. With Dunaif, Ringel, and Thompson, who traveled of the United States District Court, Eastern every good wish." from the outlying boroughs to visit with District of New York, who served in the leg­ From the Honorable MIKE MANSFIELD, Judge Heller this morning. islature with our dtstinguished guest. And Montana, majority whip of the Senate, and I shoul.d also like to note the presence another from the Honorable David N. Edel­ a member of the powerful Foreign Affairs of former Justice Louis I. Kaplan, now the stein, a judge of the United. States District Committee: commissioner of investigation of the city of Court of the Sout hern District of New York. "Dear Louis, congratulations. I know New York. And I hold in my hand a very warm mes­ that New York will be well repaid on the Also present are his new colleagues of the sage from the lovable John Macerate, a for­ basis of your ability, integrity and under­ city court of Kings County, Justices Sab­ mer justice of the appellate division. standing in the position you are assuming. batino, Feidem, Wecht, and Low, as well as This completes the list of public offficials On behalf of your many friends in both many of Judge Heller's new associates of this present here with us today within my im­ Houses, as well as my own, I wish to extend court from the other counties. mediate view. I am sure I have been un­ to you good luck and success in the years I also note the presence of many judges able to spot them all in this crowded com·t­ ahead. You have been a great public ser­ of the domestic refations court, including room, but I hope that those whom I haven't vant and your contributions to the public Judges Lorence, Marchisio, Kaplan, Ruisi, mentioned will forgive me. good will be your monument in life. With Ramsgate, and Pagnucco. Present also are many of Louis' very old best personal wishes, I am, sincerely yours.'' And from the municipal court, all friends friends from his childhood, ..pqyhood, and And this telegram is a must. It is from of Lou's, Judges Alter, Williams, Berry, Ri­ ·schooldays. It is obviously im~8sible for me the Honorable STEPHEN M. YOUNG, WhO naldi, Simon, Andreozzi, Johnson, Pearl­ to mention all of them. r must, however, formerly served in the House with Louis, man, and Damiani. note the presence in the courtroom of one and last November upset all predictions by And from the magistrates court, I must of his dearest friends and his guiding becoming the junior Senator from the great salute Judges Chapman, Solomon, Potter, mentor through all the years of his public State of Ohio: Maglio, Rader, Tolleris, Gray, Schanzer, Fa- life. I should like the commissioner of jur- 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1825 ors from the eastern division of New York, partment, which had been negotiating be classified as a "force majeure" or con­ the Honorable "Maish" Solomon, to take a with the Bonn government since last fiscation, so that businessmen who suffer, bow. Lou wishes me to state that he has re­ September, was taken by surprise, The may recoup damages from the govern­ ceived a very warm message from one whom other day when our Government made a ment. It may be that they could sue the he holds in very high esteem, but for the last minute request for a 60-day delay in individual German importers of coal; fact that he is out of the State he would the German action, it was brushed aside but this would take much time and in­ have been here with us. I refer to Mr. Morris and the rash decision of the ·German volve insurmountable difiiculties. Forgash, president of the United States Government was rushed through the Meanwhile, what? Freight Co. Bundestag for formal approval. It seems anomalous at a time when And from some other friends, Jerry Wurf, Where does this leave American min­ the United States is responding to the regional director, State, County and Munic­ ipal Employees; . the Honorable Charles R. ing and shipping interests? Many requests to rescue West Germany, par­ Howell, commissioner of the department of American miners will be forced out of ticularly as to the status of Berlin, that banking and insurance of the State of New work because this huge hike in German the Bonn government would so heed­ Jersey; and Arnold E. Feldman, attorney­ coal duties will make prohibitive the im­ lessly injure American shippers and pro­ adviser at the U.S. Military Academy, West portation of American coal to Germany. ducers. It certainly does not make for Point, N.Y. The $4.76 per ton will raise the price of pleasant or cordial relations between the I should like to introduce also for a bow, American coal far above Ruhr coal. United States and the West German some very, very dear friends of the new justice: First, the Honorable Meier Stein­ This hike, as I noted, came like a bolt Government. On the contrary, it shows brink, former justice of the supreme court; from the blue. No warning, no advance a country willing to accept advantages also AI Kevelson, Eddie Zeltner, of the Mir­ notice, and no way of cushioning the and display no gratitude. Nay, more, ror; Harold Harris of the Journal; Geane blow.. American coal miners in Virginia, it is symbolic of utter apathy on the Toomey of the Telegram-Sun; and Al Turk West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Ten­ part of West German rulers as to the of the Journal-American. nessee, and other States will be faced interest of American citizens who are or I have hundred telegrams, letters, and with continued idleness. Already West will have to continue to ship coal to messages in my hand that I cannot possibly Germany. wade through now, hence I will ·ard.er that Virginia, which supplies more than 50 they may be made part of the official record percent of the Nation's annual output of I have been a friend to Germany, but and turned over to the judge. coal, has the highest percent of its labor this latest maneuver has tinctured that As you know, we have used Judge Bar­ force unemployed. Starvation and want friendship. shay's courtroom, which is the largest in stalk its hills and that situation will be It is incumbent on West Germany this building, and Lou and I wish to thank exacerbated by the rigors of the cold forthwith to come forward with some him for his generosity. Unfortunately, he winter. Based on 1957 figures, Ger­ remedy, otherwise there will be agitation is home 111, otherwise he would have been in and out of Congress to retaliate. present. many's action involves a loss of 500,000 And, of course, I cannot forget my own days' work to coal miners. Raising duties without -rhyme or reason colleagues who are present, Judges Marasco American shippers have contracts to will bring in its trail ever-increasing and Starkey. purchase this coal as mined, and have American duties against German manu­ And also from the court of general ses­ in turn chartered ships for transporta­ factured goods. The thrust will be given sions, Lou's former colleague, Judge Culkin. tion and are under obligation to deliver where it hurts Germany the most. Also Judges Geller and Schweitzer. coal to German importers. Germany's My next duty is to convey a message from Mrs. Heller. She has asked me to invite action will make these contracts virtu­ each and every one of you to participate in a ally impossible of performance. These Urban Renewal Legislation collation in the courtroom of the new jus­ people are well on their way to suffering tice of the city court on the lOth floor at immeasurable damages. Charter fees EXTENSION OF REMARKS the conclusion of these proceedings. I hope run into the millions. Damages in other each and every one of you will accept that respects are inordinate. More than 30 OF most cordial invitation. (The ceremonies were brought to an million tons of U.S. coal still are on HON. JOHN W. McCORMACK abrupt end by the sudden illness and death order. With a $4.76-a-ton tariff staring OF MASSACHUSETTS of Assemblyman Bernard Austin.) them in the face-a tariff which, by ac­ tion of the Bonn government was made IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES retroactive to January 1 of this year­ Wednesday, February 4, 1959 many American exporters face bank­ Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, un­ German Embargo of American Coal ruptcy. Thus coal in transit is affected. der permission to extend my remarks in The Bonn government seeks to justify the RECORD, I include a letter I received EXTENSION OF REMARKS this drastic action on the grounds that from Honorable_ John B. Hynes, mayor OF it is an econoniic move designed to res­ of the city of Boston, Mass., relating to cue the Ruhr coal industry from its year­ urban renewal legislation, together with HON. EMANUEL CELLER old doldrums. This is somewhat hard to copy of my reply to him: OF NEW YORK believe when it is remembered that Ger­ CITY OF BOSTON, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES many was in real need of American coal OFFICE OF THE MAYOR, in 1957 in order to maintain at that time January 30, 1959. Wednesday, February 4,1959 its strong domestic economy; The facts Hon. JoHN W. McCoRMACK, Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, suddenly, indicate that her move is not based on House Office Building, Washington, D.C. economic need; rather it is political. MY DEAR CONGRESSMAN: Urban renewal on January 23, 1959, Germany unilater­ legislation is pending ·before the Senate ally and in violation of her coal and Having fully recovered from World War Committee on Banking and Currency. Both steel treaty with other Eu.ropean nations, II, Germany is once again beComing in­ of the mayors organizations, the U.S. Con­ placed a tariff of $4.76 a ton on foreign dustrially aggressive and is seeking to ference of Mayors, and the American Mu­ coal. This ..practically was an embargo change the whole distribution of coal in nicipal Association, are heartily in favor of and was aimed at the United States, Europe. And being the dominant power a bill which would provide for a 10-year which normally ships over 16 million of ~he nations which comprise the Euro­ urban renewal program with the Federal pean Coal and Steel Community, she can Government appropriating $600 million each tons of coal per year to Germany. Not year and the local communities providing only was this action in violation of Ger­ force her arbitrary action upon her the usual one-third or even a 20 percent many's Coal and Steel Community weaker neighbors. I seriously question share. treaty, but I suggest that it was in viola­ the right of Germany to impose these As you know, the administration bill is tion of another · treaty, the General drastic tariff duties. It is morally in­ for $250 million a year for 3 years and Agreement on Tariffs and Trade­ defensible. $200 million for the following 3 years. This GATT---of which the United States is a Be that as it may, in the absence of simply will not do the job that must be member,>f6rbidding bilateral or group done. In addition, the requirement in the diplomatic negotiations, which appear administration bill that cities share on a agreemenfi'ny members of GA 'IT with­ at this time to be inadequate, what rem­ matching 50-50 basis will be the death knell out the unanimous consent of all nations edies do American producers and ship­ to the urban renewal program, for cities concerned. So sudden was Germany's pers have? Germany's action, though simply cannot contribute that much to this unilateral action that even our State De- arbitrary, is not a case in law which could most necessary program. 1826 CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD- HOUSE February -4- The U.S. Conference of Mayors, and believe that the Secretary of the·Depart-· an interim, or stopgap, appropriation through its president, Hon. Norris Poulson, ment of Health, Education, and Welfare, for this purpose of only $6 million. This mayor of Los Angeles, has placed its case Dr. Arthur S. Flemming, and the U.S; was done with the clear understanding before the committee on January 26. I am Commissioner of Education, Dr. Law­ that the Appropriations Committees in accord with everything that Mayor Poul­ would reconsider at the earliest oppor­ son said at that time because it reflects the rence G. Derthick, are to be compli­ unanimous opinion of the mayors through­ mented upon the prompt and sound tunity a supplemental request for this out the country. manner in which they have undertaken and other purposes. I trust and hope I will appreciate if you wlll keep your the implementation of all -programs au­ that this body will see to it that the eye on this legislation and help wherever you thorized by the National Defense Educa­ additional funds in substantial quantity can. I know that you are interested in the tion Act. This is a new era of depart­ are made available at the earliest pos­ continuation of urban renewal on a sen­ mental responsibility and they have sible opportunity. sible scale and in a sensible manner and Let me suggest the importance of I know also that you hardly need to be measured up to the challenge. They are asked to help. to be complimented upon the appoint­ prompt action on a supplemental request With best wishes, I am, ment of Dr. Homer D. Babbidge, Jr., to for the purposes of the National Defense Respectfully, head the administration of those pro­ Education Act. Taking the student loan JOHN HYNES, Mayor. grams affecting American higher educa­ program by itself, let me indicate how tion. It has been my pleasure to work inadequate a figure of $6 million is. CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, with Dr. Babbidge in various capacities The most recent figures show that 92 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, institutions in the State of New York Washington, D.O., February· 4, 1959. over the years, and I am confident that Hon. JoHN B. HYNES, he will lend able and imaginative leader­ have applied for funds under the loan City HaZZ, Boston, Mass. ship to the administration of these pro­ program, and these institutions repre­ . DEAR JOHN: I am in receipt of your le:tter grams. sent more than 167,000 full-time stu­ of January 30 and in reply will say that the It is a particular source of pride to dents. The total amount requested by President's recommendation in relation to me that officials of the Department of New York State schools is approximately urban renewal legislation is completely in- Health, Education, and Welfare have se­ $7 million. In my home city of New York adequate. · alone, 28 institutions, representing more I am having your letter inserted in the lected to administer the national de­ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. fense student loan program a resident than 71,000 full-time students, have ap­ With kindest regards, of the State of New York, and a prom­ plied for Federal funds under this pro­ Sincerely yours, inent official of the State university of gram. Under the State allotment for­ JoHN W. McCoRMACK. New York, Mr. Peter P. Muirhead. Mr. mula embodied in this act, the State of Muirhead has for many years served as New York would be entitled to only $623,- d-irector of the New York State regents 442. If the initial stopgap appropriation scholarship and examination program. of $6 million were not increased this sum National Defense Student Loan Program He -served as executive secretary of the would not begin to meet the needs of New New York Higher Education Assistant York City institutions alone .. This sum EXTENSION OF REMARKS Corporation,· which was responsible for would not meet one·-tenth of the current OF the establishment of New York State's student loan needs of institutions of I:!Uccessful student loan program. Mr. higher education in the State of New HON. JOHN V. LINDSAY Muirhead is a man of experience and York. Failure to provide additional OF NEW YORK wisdom, and in entrusting to him the funds under this program, therefore, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES responsibility for the administration of would work a hardship·upon the young this program, the Department has in­ people of the State of New York and Wednesday, February 4,1959 sured that the program will be adminis­ upon the institutions which they are at­ Mr. LINDSAY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to tered soundly and well. Mr. Muirhead's tending. I urge, Mr. Speaker, that the comment upon a program which has sig­ appointment to this post was made pos­ leadership of this body give prompt and nificance for the young people of this sible only through the cooperation of positive attention to this critical need. Nation and for the strength of the Na­ Dr. James S. Allen, Jr., commissioner of I am confident that President Eisen­ tion itself. I refer to the national de­ education for the State of New York. hower will forward to the Congress a re­ fense student loan program authorized Dr. Allen's willingness to lend to the quest for supplementary funds with by Public Law 864, enacted by the 85th Department of Health, Education, and which to implement the national defense Congress in its closing days and signed Welfare a key member of his own staff student loan program. I know that Sec­ into law by the President on Septem­ is a splendid example of effective Fed­ retary Flemming and Cemmissioner Der­ ber2. 'eral-State cooperation.. It is an ex­ thick are well aware of the urgent need The national defense student loan ample of the constructive concept of for additional funds for this purpose. program provides for the establishment, partnership which has been stressed so Certainly the colleges and universities at institutions of higher education much by the President and other ad­ of the Nation know how pitifully inade­ throughout the Nation, of loan funds ministration leaders, as the key to ef­ quate $6 million is for this purpose. The from which needy students may borrow fective progress in the field of education. young people of the Nation and their funds for the completion of their educa­ Mr. Speaker, the national defense stu­ parents have made perfectly clear how tion at low interest rates and on gener­ dent loan program authorized by the urgently they need this assistance. It ous repayment terms. Its objective is to. 85th Congress is a well-conceived pro­ now rests squarely upon this Congress encourage needy students to continue_ gram. It is secure in the hands of able to respond promptly and positively to a their educational pursuits, an objective educators and administrators. I am need identified and endorsed by the contemplated in several features of this confident that it will do much for the· entire Nation. act. The Congress is authorized to ap­ young people of our Nation, and there­ propriate $295 million for this purpose fore for the Nation as a whole. during the next 4 years. The assistance Mr. Speaker, I have one concern re­ and encouragement that this program garding the effective implementation of Progress in High Fidelity can and will offer to needy young people this program; and this has to do with throughout the country is immense. It the amounts of money available for this EXTENSION OF REMARKS should do much to reduce the waste of purpose. As I indicated earlier, the act OF talent w.hich has resulted from· the fail­ authorizes the appropriation of sums up ure of able but needy students to con­ to $295 million during the next 4 years. HON. PHILIP J: PHILBIN tinue with their educational plans. For this, the first year of the loan pro­ OF MASSACHUSETTS President Eisenhower signed the Na­ gram, a total of $47% million is author­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional Defense Education Act into law on­ ized. The respective Appropriations September 2, 1958. I have followed the Committees of the House and the Sen­ Wednesday, February 4,1959 progress that has been made by the De-. ate, under pressure to act on an ap­ Mr. PHILBIN. Mr. Speaker, like partment of Health, Education, and Wel-­ propriations request during the closing other Members of the House, I have been fare in implementing this program. I hours of the 85th Congress, effected gratified of late to observe the marked 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1827 progress which our Nation is making in be the start of a musical trend for other and certainly those who will hold great the field of electronics. Components of parts of the country. positions of responsibility in the direc­ the electronic industry are located in my I ·hope that some of my colleagues in tion and affairs of our country in the own district, and I have had a special op­ the House will have the chance to visit years to come. portunity to observe the rapid changes the International High Fidelity Music I was presented with this honorable and advances which are taking place in Festival during this weekend at the badge of the Boy Scouts of America by a this great industry which so well serves Shoreham. An excitfng experience is in Boy Scout who not only excellently rep­ the American people and our armed serv­ store for them as it is for everyone who resented the Boy Scouts of America but ices. There are many facets to the mar­ hears stereophonic sound for the first also made an excellent presentation. vels of electronic development which are time. At the same time, they may gain Although young in years, Paul Murphy, currently transforming and vastly im­ firsthand knowledge of woofers, tweet­ Jr., who presented me with this honor­ proving our communication systems, our ers, crossover networks and other equip­ able badge, is one who might inspire all sound reproduction media and automatic ment dear to the heart of the high fidel­ of America to courage and fineness. guidance and control systems and truly ity devotee. Possessing an attractive personality, be­ revolutionizing our industrial methods, I would be remi-ss if I do not bring to ing very courteous and thoughtful, Paul weapon systems, and in fact, the repro· the attention of my colleagues three ex­ is also extremely able. A student of the duction instrumentalities that we use so hibitors from Massachusetts: the H. H. Russian language, already he is able to frequently in our homes and in our daily Scott Co. of Maynard, which is in my speak some of this very difficult lan­ lives. district; High Fidelity magazine of Great guage. In addition, he has many other I was very much impressed recently Barrington; and Acoustic Research of accomplishments, but above all he has with the progress in the electronic field Cambridge: the courage to overcome all difficulties evidenced by demonstrations and ex­ The H. H. Scott exhibit should be of and burdens with which he may be faced. hibits presented as a prelude to the High particular interest because the products This is indeed a real test of character. Fidelity Festival being held in Washing;. of this company are well and favorably Following is the quoted text of the ton this weak; The initial event of the known throughout the electronics indus­ presentation speech of Paul Murphy, Jr.: program last Saturday night in which try. Acoustic Research has developed a I am Cub Scout Paul Murphy, Jr. Dur­ the Washington National Symphony Or­ new speaker system, which has attracted ing Boy Scout Week, February 7 through chestra participated before a large audi­ wide interest and much favorable com­ 13, the Boy Scouts of America celebrate their ence was a most convincing testimony of ment in music circles. High Fidelity 49th anniversary. I have the honor to r ep­ the great advances made in recent years magazine pioneered in its field and has resent the Boy Scouts of America in making in the electronic reproduction of sound. grown in influence and scope in the this preEentation to you, Mrs. RoGERS. We Some 2,500 music lovers thought they world of nigh fidelity. would like you to join in the 49th celebra­ Permit me to close with one word of tion of Boy Scout Week by wearing this were hearing trumpeter Lloyd Geisler badge during Boy Scout Week. during the solo portion of Purcell's warning: Music win never sound the "Trumpet Voluntary." Actually, he was ~arne, especially from a small radio or At this point, Paul Murphy pinned the simply going through the motions of old record player, once a convincing Boy Scout badge on my jacket lapel. playing while the audience was listening demonstration of stereophonic sound is In conclusion, I extend my thanks and to a recording he had made on tape ear­ experienced firsthand. We are in truth sincere and genuine appreciation to Paul lier-in the day. Reproducing this record­ living in a fabulous world and I am Murphy, Jr., and through him to the ing for the audience were high-fidelity very proud that my district and State Boy Scouts of America. I assure them amplifiers a·nd speakers such as are found through the growing electronics indus­ I shall be honored to wear this badge in many homes today for the faithful try are contributing so much toward during Boy Scout Week in America, Feb­ reproduction of recorded sound. this impressive progress. ruary 7 through 13. To complete the illusion, a second ren­ dition of the Purcell composition was given. This time the orchestra on stage remained silent while trumpeter Geisler Honored by- Boy Scouts of America History Repeats Itself played to the accompaniment of a record­ ing made by the National Symphony EXTENSION OF REMARKS EXTENSION OF REMARKS earlier. OF This demonstration of the new great OF advances made in sound reproduction, HON. EDITH NOURSE ROGERS HON. ISIDORE DOLLINGER which is called stereophonic sound, was OF MASSACHUSETTS OF NEW YORK the opening event of the 4-day Inter­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES national High Fidelity Music Festiva~. which begins this Thursday, February 5, Wednesday, February 4,1959 Wednesday, February 4,1959 at the Hotel Shoreham. Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. Mr. DOLLINGER. Mr. Speaker, re­ An exhibition area, comprising some Speaker, at noon today I was highly cently, a group of southern Senators 50 rooms, has been set aside at the Shore­ honored with the presentation of a proposed a constitutional amendment ham where ·m:are than 250 different items badge from the Boy Scouts of America that would give States exclusive power of high-fidelity equipment for the home for the celebration of the 49th anniver­ to decide whether their school systems will be shown, including phonograph rec­ sary of the Boy Scouts of America dur­ should be integrated. It specifies that ords, amplifiers, speakers, radio tuners, ing Boy Scout Week, February 7 through nothing in the Constitution shall be con­ tape recorders, turntables, and other 13. It is with genuine pride and honor strued to deny the States the right to ·music reproduction products. that I shall wear this badge of the Boy determine for themselves the manner in This is not Washington's first high­ Scouts of America which carries with it which their public educational facilities fidelity music show. Last year's show­ so much meaning and significance in the shall be administered. The apparent ing attracted some 16,000 visitors to the finest character-building organization purpose of this is to maintain segregated Shoreham. This year's music festival, for boys in the entire world. schools, to discriminate among students however, marks the first time that ana­ The Boy Scouts of America have made because of color. Such a pla.n is undem­ tionally known symphonic group partici­ monumental contributions in the build­ ocratic and completely contrary to the pates actively in an exhibit of this kind. ing of sound, dependable character in recognized duty of our States and the Other cities such as Los Angeles, Chi­ the' future young men of our country. Federal Government, to provide educa­ cago, arid New York have .very success­ In this fine work of molding honorable tion for our youth on an equal basis, free ful high fidelity shows, which attract charapter, the Boy Scouts are responsi­ from bias or discrimination. thousands of visitors. This week's music ble fqr .tomorrow's national leadership. The prevailing opinion is that the pro­ festival in Washington, however, brings Among the Boy Scouts in the Halls of posed amendment is given no chance together our great National Symphopy the Capitol today and who will be ·here of getting the two-thirds majorities and the newest in sound. reprodu·c~g during Boy Scout Week, surely may be needed for approval, but we ·must not equipment in an association which may a future President of the United States lose sight of the fact that it is ·one more 1828 ~ CONGRESSIONAL R:ECORD- HOUSlt February., 4- attempt to~ allow discrimination and tin- ~ He is without question the - most~ out-· bllize for World War II.-,we used w;hat weap-: democratic practices to flourish. · standing personality· in Congress todayA ons · were . need~ to protect _out: ;freedom .. Where we did not have those weapons on Let us recall another time of internal and has filled the void of leadership :Q.~and, we could afford to make. substitutions. crisis in our history. In ·1861 the fol- · existing in . Washington, which leader­ We handed our· .sons broom handles with. lowing amendment 'relating to slavery_ sbip our Nation so sorely needs in these signs attached ·to identify t]:lem as guns. was proposed: trying days in order to withstand the on-· We posted signs on· old trucks and called Article 13: No amendment shall be made slaught of Communist aggression. Sen­ them tanks. We simulated artillery with to the Constitution which will authorize or' ator JOHNSON did not hesitate to sponsor water pipes. give to Congress ·the power to abolish or ·in-· civil rights legislation such as he·intro-· SUBSTITUTES FOR THE REAL THING t erfere, within any State, with the domestic duced recently, despite the criticism he ~ Those weapons t hat mattered so much to institutions thereof, including that of per-.. knew he would have to face in his home sons held to labor or service by the laws of us in 1940 ·are basically obsolete, and even State. the broom h andles are obsolete. ~aid State. · Mr. Speaker, "in accepting the award The demands of national security-and· This proposed amendment to the Con­ from the Veterans of Foreign Wars, Sen-· the change of our national position-no stitution failed of ratification by the ator JoHNSON delivered a most timely ad­ longer .permit us the leisure of outfitting States. · ourselves with substitutes for the real thing.- dress dealing with the problems of Th is is the first-and the greatest-single The amendments discussed are analo­ national security as we face them change in our concept of national security. gous in that both would place -certain today-an address which I believe every· · Time is no longer our friend.- Time is no· fundamental human rights in jeopardy; citizen will want to read. Under leave longer on our side. . . · ·· each would curtail the powers of Con­ to extend my -remarks in the RECORD, I Security is no longer a point at which we gress to uphold and preserve the national wish to insert this address .in .order .to may- hope · to arrive 1 year, 2 years, or 10 i-deal; each would make it possible for bring it to the attention of all our col­ years hence. Security-in the modern the States wishing to do so, to inflict in­ leagues and to the American people. It world-is a condition we must maintain dignities upon certain of their citizens­ each hour o_f each day. · .. . ~s as follows: This underscores another matter of great which would be abhorrent to the United ADDRESS BY SENATE DEMOCRATIC LEADER importance. - · States considered as a whole; both would · LYNDON B. JoHNSON AT VETERANS OF FoR­ CHANGES IN MILITARY CONCEPTS reflect unfavorably upon the Nation in - EIGN WARS DINNER, WASHINGTON, D.C.; that their motives are undemocrat ic and F E BRUARY 3, 1959 , Twenty years ago-in our period·of mobil~ !zat ion against the _threat afforded by the a violation of rights guaranteed under FOR THE COMMON DEFENSE Axis Powers-you will recall the profound our Constitution. ._ Mr. qhairman, ladies and gentlemen, for changes we were forced to undergo in our States rights are important, of course,. this award-and for the honor of this occa­ :ffiilitary concepts. At the beginning of mo­ but our Founding Fathers· and our wise sion-! am most grateful to you. While your bilization, armored divisions and mechan­ ieaders who have followed in their foot-· recognition is to my public service• . this mo­ Ized divisions were unheard of. Paratroops steps have recognized the necessity of m ent is one of deep personal meaning to me. and dive-bombing and landing craft were curbing a State or several States when - I accept this award in the sense of a rep­ unknown con cepts . . The most romantic undemocratic action by a few would un-· resentative of the million of Americans who pranch of our services was the horse cavalry. have joined in a partnership to provide for VICTORIES-THE PRODUCT OF CHANGE dermine or belittle our Nation. Con­ the common defense. gress must have the authority to create _ This includes those who faced the enemy · Our victories in World· War II were the and to uphold the law of the land in in combat. product of changes we were -forced to make order to protect the rights of all our This includes those who have produced in our thinking after the war in Europe had citizens, when problems of national im-· the tools of preparedness. begun. Today-and for so long as the Nation shall port are at stake: · THE THOUGHT OF PREPAREDNESS endure-we do not have and will not" have The will of the people prevailed in This includes those who, like the Veterans ~hat same m argin of time. 1861 when they refused to ac;_cept an un­ of Foreign Wars, have banded together to democratic amendment to the Constitu­ THE E DGE OF CAPABILITY ' keep alive the thought of preparedness in ·· For. more t han a . decade, peace has: been tion, as it will today, .in this latest at­ the hi:larts'of our-citizens. - · maintained because-as men such as Win• tempt to deny certain inalienable rights. The VFW is not just an organization .ston Churchill have pointed out-we of the founded upon m emories of events which be­ United· States nave held a continuing edge come nostalgic as we get farther from them. in capabilities. What· we often overlook is It is a vital force upon the American scene that American science gave us the lead in Address by Senator Lyndon B. Johnson today. the nuclear age. This lead-won by the in­ For 22 years now-as a Member of the ~ention and creativeness of our minds....:. House an d as a Member of the Senate-! served the world as the greatest single de­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS h ave served in the Congress. Throughout terrent to aggression. The fact that we had OF that period I h ave served continuously on .unquestioned leadership in this realm mad~ those committees - charged with the most it unnecessary to u se atomic energy in any d irect responsibility for our national se­ military form. · HON. VI.CTOR L. ANFUSO curity. OF NEW YORK . THE T I ME OF DANGER DECISION AND RESPONSIBILITY IN THE HOUSE OF -REPRESENTATIVES ·, N:ationa~ security-:-in t]?.ese times-is com­ . This demonstrates the poin"t that n eeds Wednesday, February 4,1959 plex. Nat ional strength is costly. making now. Our greatest t ime of d anger in The burdens of decision and responsibility ,the world is at times of transition. , Mr. ANFUSO ~ Mr.' Speaker, Tuesday are trials. · When we come to a phase in which old evening, February 3, I was privileged to But when these matters are approached in concepts are obsolete and new concepts are attend a dinner of the Veterans of For­ terms of individual human lives, the com­ not yet perfected, there is where the d an gei eign Wars at which the distinguished plexities become simple, the cost becomes lies. cheap, and the trials cease to matter. SECURITY FOR THE FUTURE .. majority leader of the S~nate, the Hon­ · It' Amerim.\n science had not been the orable LYNDON B. JoHNSON, was presented The question today has not changed since 1942. leader in · bringing free men to the atom ic with an award in recognition of his pub­ ·· Can free men ask their sons to defend age, the cost of national securi-ty these past lic service. freedom with h~ss than the best of weapons 15 years would have been prohibitive beyond . I think that the Veterans of Foreign or less than the maximum of willing support .our ima gination. The parallel challenge of Wars, ever mindful of the security of our wherever the line of battle may fall? the opportunities of space is identical. country, could not have made a more For myself-and, I am sure, for you-I-say · The weapons of the past are obsolete. The that the answer is forthright and simple, strategies of the past are obsolete. Along appropriate and more deserving choice With this transition, we must fact another for this signal honor than Senator ~ 'No." 'fact of cnange. ,. · JoHNSON, who is also chairman of the NO AREA OF COMPROMISE ;preparedness Investigating Subcommit.:. On this, there is no .area of comprom,ise-. ONE .GOAL FOR AMERICA tee of the Senate Committee on Armed There 1s no alternative. There are choices. : We ar~ working ~o~ in the Senate on the Either t~is is to ~ our standard. anA the 1ob that is foremost for the ~embers of the Ssrvices. purpose of our efforts, or it is not. · ~ · legislative branch-getting the facts. We Senator JoHNSoN's record in Congress In terms of principle ·'tt is ·siinpie ·: i:t is must have those facts to ;discharge our du:. is well known to all of us. He is a man not simple in terms ·of appllcation. Twenty 'ties." It .is. my hope, though, that out of this of deep convictions, courage, and vision. years ago-when we were beginning to mo- can come the search for a new way and a 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1829 better way to bring together-rather than considered ·serious labor surplus area and only way out for many was by emigration to. to keep apart-our joint. pursuits of.. the every man-hour payroll denied means that the New World. Happily for us, there are same goal. much more in local taxes, local loss of busi­ now over a million Lithuanians in the There is-and must be-only one goal for ness, and local relief rolls. This matter goes United States. · Americans: To provide our Nation with se­ deeper than ·a mere acquiring of machinery The people in Lithuania know that you curity and, through that strength, to be lead­ and seriously affects the economic and moral will speak for them in the free world, so that ers for peace. fiber of our way of life. Governments by the free world will not forget its obligations A TIME OF GREAT POTENTIAL tht:ir taxing powers are rapidly destroying toward those who live under the hated domi­ :the competitive quality of American manu­ nation of the Communists. We have come to a time of great potential. facturers and the unrestrictive right grants . Meanwhile, consoled and strengthened by Never has there been so great an opportu­ competition for country to bid on American· their Catholic faith, Lithuanians in the nity for us as that opening now. If we move requirements, especially in nontaxpaying homeland endure the Soviet tyranny. From with vigor into the leadership of space, we corporations and Government purchasing their history they know that they can out­ shall turn those wild fields into the mead­ sets an example that can be and is in some last Stalin and Khrushchev and others who, ows of peace. The opportunity to achieve a quarters, destructive and devastating to our being mortal, must die. But faith is eternal. creative peace is the opportunity before us economic well-being. I request a delay in Soviet troops and puppet officials seem to now, and the challenge to our lives, our tal­ :the granting of this contract and that the have the country under their control. ents. our will. With -this before us, let us so work be given to American working men and But there is a resistance movement that work that it shall never be said again that American plants. is doing its work in preparation for the day we did too little, too late. Sincerely, of liberation. The main purposes of this JOHN H . DENT, movement are: (1) To obstruct the attain­ Member of Congress. ment of all Bolshevik political aims; (2) to keep the local inhabitants informed of the Purchase of Foreign-Made Turbine true state of affairs; and (3) to document everything that has been done by the Soviets Generators by the REA Lithuanian Independence Day in Lithuania since 1944 and is still being done. And it can only be left to the free EXTENSION OF REMARKS world to hope that the hour is not far dis­ OF EXTENSION OF REMARKS tant when the authors of these outrages OF against humanity will be brought to account HON. JOHN H. DENT and made to pay the just penalty for their OF PENNSYLVANIA HON. THOMAS J. LANE crimes. OF MASSACHUSETTS And what about the Russian people who IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES were the first slaves of communism? They Wednesday, February 4, 1959 are quiet because they know that the secret Wednesday, February 4, 1959 police are everywhere watching and listening. Mr. DENT. Mr. Speaker, I was not Mr. LANE. Mr. Speaker, under leave But the Russian people must be thinking of surprised, although I must confess I was, the day when they, too, can reach for free­ like the rest of my home town, puzzled at to extend my remarks in the RECORD, I dom. the action of the REA in the purchase wish to include a _part of my remarks in The Soviets would like everybody to forget of foreign-made turbine generators. observance of the Lithuanian Independ­ Lithuanian Independence Day. This in the face of a chronic unem­ ence Day at the Lithuanian Citizens This is impossible. ployment of about 4 million American Club in Lawrence, Mass., on Sunday, . Every year as February 16 approaches the workers. February 8, 1959. Soviets squirm. The matter follows: They hear of the proclamations issued by This, too, in the face of the cry for State Governors and mayors of the cities, more aid from this country from prac­ · On Lithuanian Independence Day it is giving official recognition to Republic of Lith­ tically every nation on the face of the pleasant to note that Lithuania is as old uania Day. earth. liS most of the other European nations, with United States Senators and Representatives a language, with a culture, and with political pay tribute to Lithuania's splendid record of I have said before, and I now repeat institutions that are definitely her own. In it is time to revi-ew-our position in world progress during her years of freedom, and fact she was an independent state 900 years to the admirable personal qualities of her trade and aid. ago. sons and daughters in the New World: It in­ is time we look after our own In spite of centuries of struggle to defend ~ This is not a tribute that is voiced on, 1 terest with a little more pride and zeal. herself against envious neighbors, the Lith­ 'day of each year and forgotten until the nex~ I repeat again the wise admonition of uanians have succeeded in preserving their anniversary rolls around. President Theodore Roosevelt when he language, which is proof of their national · It involves our own character and our own said: spirit and their pride. responsibilities as a democratic people. It is a strange fact of history that when For the principle at stake concerns the There is room for only one soul loyalty and the savage Tartar tribes swept out of the sanctity of human rights and of elementary that loyalty is to the American people. Orient they easily conquered Russia but were justice and decency. defeated in battle by the Lithuanian princes. On Lithuanian Independence Day we serve I submit for the RECORD the wire of Some of that cruel Tartar character has protest from Mayor A. B. Elias of the .P-Otice on the Soviet Union that we shall survived and still manifests itself in the rule never relax in our efforts until Lithuania city of Jeannette and my -protest to the by terror that is practiced by the Commu::.. becomes once again a free and equal member REA: nists of today. 'of the family of nations. JEANNETTE, PA., February 3, 1959. Even the famous author of Polish descent, Congressman JoHN H. DENT, .Joseph Conrad, has said that in the second House Office Building, Washington, D.C.: half of the 18th century there were two We in Jeanette are very much puzzled by centers of progressive ideas on the Continent last Friday's action of the REA in Washing':' of Europe: one was France; the other, School Money Without Strings ton. Contract for two large turbine genera­ Poland and Lithuania.· The educated classes tors for the Medina Electric Cooperative in of Poland and Lithuania were permeated EXTENSION OF REMARKS Hondo, Tex., was awarded to Brown Boveri with the humanitarian ideas of French and OF of Switzerland after the user had indicated English literature. There was · a Diet and our local Elliott Co. as the supplier. Loss of an elective monarchy; the universities of Vil­ HON. THOMAS M. PELLY this business wi11 seriously affect employ:. nius and Warsaw were important centers of OF WASHINGTON ment at the local plant which is already low, culture. The liberal complexion of Polish and our relief rolls, as you know, a:ie already and Lithuanian institutions was naturally IN THE HOUSE OF REP~ESENTA~ES high. distasteful to Russia, Prussia, and Austria, Wednesday, February 4,1959 A. B. ELIAS, who decided· to eliminate the outposts of -Mayor, City of. Jeannette. .liberal and democratic ·ideas by partitioning Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, during the the Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth-among .past. few years . Federal grants-in-aid FEBRUARY 4, 1959. 'the..mselves. , . have developed rapidly .until now, in a Mr. D~vm ~ILL, _ _ _ _ · Lithua_nia•s subjection to Russia lasted 120 -substantial degree, they help to .support Administrator, REA, Washington, D.C ..: years. _ Pursuant to my telephone conversation, In all that long time, however, the spirit .many major State gov.ernment services~ I herewi ttl officially · e.nd vigorously protest 'of the people never weakened. They never .In Federal aid programs, the Congress the awarding turbine-·generator contract tlie Aost hope of regaining their freedom and has intended as much as possible to. re:­ Metllna; Ellfctric Corp.... to Switzerland. 'The -independence: r ' • . • .move from such grants Federal direc,. Elliott Co. in Jeannette, ·Pa., seriously af­ The oppressive rule of the czars prevented tion, c-ontrol, and iriterferenc~. but it i~ :Cected by this decision. Entire community ·economic and cultural development. The obvious that through establishment of CV--116 1830 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE February 4 Federal standards it is not possible to As I expected, Mr. Andrews wrote me Estimated Federal income tax collections, by eliminate Federal bureaucratic dictation opposing the bill and, may I add, I State or Territory, fiscal year 1957 and intervention. strongly share his criticism in that as [In millions] What has happened is that to meet presently written this bill sets forth limi­ Esti­ Esti­ enormous and ever-increasing expendi­ tations and definitions of the States' mated mated tures the Federal Government has education programs, and places author­ Federal yearly ity for administration in the Office of State or Territory income payment tapped the most lucrative sources of tax tax col­ to each revenue, leaving State and municipal the U.S. Commissioner of Education. lections State or governments little other thgtn real prop­ For example, section 4, subsection (b), Territory erty taxes and sales excises from which spells out specifically that this money to meet their needs unless these State shall be used for school construction and Alabama __ ---______$394 $7.9 Arizona_------170 3.4 and municipal governments duplicate teachers' salaries. Arkansas ______143 California ____ ----______--______2.9 Federal taxation including individual I agree with Washington State's Colorado ______5,134 102.7 superintendent of public instruction in 697 13.9 and corporation income taxes, admis­ Connecticut ______1,079 21.6 sion taxes, beverage taxes, as well as his position as stated to me that the D elaware _____ ------702 14 tobacco, gift, luxury, transportation, general operation and maintenance of Florida ______820 16.4 our public schools must be treated as a G corgi a __ ------___ _ 602 12 and communication taxes, to name a few. IdUlinoisaho __ __ ------______105 2.1 The Federal Government developed whole, and not in this manner, or to 5,081 101.6 the grants-in-aid type of appropriations quote Mr. Andrews' own words, "We IndianaIowa ______------____ ------______1, 275 25.5 Kansas ______465 9.3 to provide incentives to State and local would have to abdicate our local and 404 8 456 9.1 governments to meet local needs. In all State jurisdiction over educational proc­ !;~~i~~i::::::::::::::::::::::::: 510 10.2 fairness, Mr. Speaker, it should be ess." Maine __ __ ------156 3.1 In the Murray-Metcalf bill, further­ Maryland (plus District of Co- pointed out that the purposes of these aid lumbia) ______------1, 368 27.3 programs are certainly for the most part more, as Mr. Andrews pointed out, sec­ Massachusetts __ -----_------1, 710 34.2 meritorious. Of course, it is neither eco­ tion 5 by inference sets forth priorities Michigan ____ ------4,104 82 Minnesota __ ------939 18.8 nomical nor efficient to withdraw huge for school buildings, removing from the 129 2.6 sums from the taxpayers of each State State the latitude of determining its own ~t~~~~f~~::::::::::::::::::::::: 1,385 27.7 Montana ______------______109 2. 1 and then have a portion of such funds needs. Also in section 6, the U.S. Com­ Nebraska ___ ------298 6.0 trickle piecemeal back to the States. missioner determines the purposes for Nevada ______------77 1. 5 However, the real argument against teachers' salaries. New Hampshire __ ------119 2.4 New Jersey __ _------1, 798 36 Federal grants is of course the Federal Mr. Speaker, I share my State super­ New Mexico ______113 2.3 strings and the compulsory requirements intendent's concern of such encroach­ New York ___ ------11,985 239. 7 North Carolina __ ------671 13.4 imposed by law and regulation of Fed­ ment on State and local responsibility North Dakota______62 1.2 eral administering bureaus. by control of the Central Government 0 hio ____ ------4,547 V0.9 Oklahoma ______------_------514 10.3 In my State of Washington, like in But I likewise have a deep interest in Oregon ______419 8.4 many other States, the State legislature education and recognize adequate money P ennsylvania __ ------4,?.71 85.4 Rhode Island ___ ------259 5.2 is presently struggling with the prob­ must be provided to our local school au­ South Carolina______219 4.4 lem of obtaining funds to meet ade­ thorities to enable them to provide class­ South D akota ______59 1.2 quately the responsibilities of State gov­ rooms and decently paid teachers for our T ennessee ______---______476 9. 5 T exas __ ------2,016 40.3 ernment under our constitution, includ­ expanding school population. U tab ______150 3 ing the needs of education. The govern­ Therefore, I am introducing a no­ Vermont ______60 1.2 Virginia ______695 13.9 ment has requested $135 million in new strings-attached alternative bill to pay Washington ______728 14.6 taxes for public services as well as for a back some of their own money to the 274 5.5 :f:~o~~~~~~::::::::::::::::::::: 1,124 22.5 deficiency appropriation of $25.5 million respective States and Hawaii for educa­ Wyoming ______49 1 to cover overspending in public welfare tional purposes free from any Federal Alaska_------_------29 .6 Hawaii ______128 2.6 and to help lower the current State controls. My bill would authorize an Puerto Rico ______1 .02 deficit estimated at about $80 million. appropriation equal to 2 percent of all ------The Governor in his budget· chopped Federal income taxes collected in each TotaL------I 59,078 1,181. 6 off about $12 million from the current State and Hawaii for education in the 1 The difference between this total ef $59,078,000,000 State school fund estimate recom­ common or public schools. That is all. and the total figure of $60,560,000,000 a.s reported by the mended to the legislature by our State No standards or specifications of any Internal Revenue Service is due to: (1) A difference in the old-age, survivors, and disability insurance contri­ superintendent of public instruction. sort are stipulated. The purposes for butions' data estimated by the IRS for the entire United The State school directors association which these funds would be spent would ~~tJ~;e~1i~:t~i~~~~~~~h~~JI~:~t~b ~~~:ji~~·c~!~ had recommended $40 million above the be entirely up to each State and its legis­ piling this report; and (2) other adjustments made by the Governor's figure. lature providing it was for education. IRS to its State data in deriving its total tigures-1 such For educational construction funds In other words, if some of our local adjustment is a $797,000,000 adjustment tor undistributed depositary receipts. our State is planning to issue $30 mil­ school districts' financial affairs are Sources: 1957 Annual Report of the Commissioner of lion in bonds, but all the while we are critical, and I am convinced such is the Internal Revenue and Social Security Bulletin, March told the State is running out of borrow­ case, let us give the local and State au­ 1958. ing power. thorities help but refrain from dictating As a matter of interest I am also The harrowed Governor in a dilemma how they must solve their problems. showing the figures from the budget of has expressed an opinion that Federal Under my bill, the handling of funds the United States Government for fiscal aid to education is the answer. will not be in any way, shape, or form 1960 to indicate other amounts allo­ I have opposed Federal aid to educa­ through the Federal Department of cated to education in the form of tion, Mr. Speaker, but nevertheless I Health, Equcation, and Welfare. The grants. deemed it my responsibility to confer only Federal responsibility will be the Selected Federal grants for education with our Washington State superin­ calculation of amounts to be returned to tendent of public instruction, Lloyd An­ each State and then the transfer of A ppropriatlons drews, who is widely recognized as funds by check from the Secretary of Program the Treasury. The amount would be au­ courageous politically and at the same tomatically geared to the national in­ Fiscal 1958 Fiscal1959 time dedicated to the cause of public come for each year. There would be no education and conversant with its 1. Vocational education ______$33, 750, ()()() $33, 750, ()()() bureaucratic power or expense involved. Permanent authoriza- financial needs. The accompanying table of the ap­ tion __ ------7,138.000 7, 138,000 2. Land-grant colleges ______2, 502,000 2, 502,000 Thus, I sent Mr. Andrews a copy of the proximate Federal income tax collec­ Permanent autboriza- Murray-Metcalf bill because it seemed tions by State or Territory for fiscal1957 · tion ___ ------2, 550,000 2, 550,000 to represent the type of legislation which 3. Grants for library services_ 5,000,000 6,000,000 shows the estimated amount of income 4.. Federal-impacted areas as- will get the nod from the congressional taxes. Also shown is 2 percent of each sistance for- ·School construction______98,650,000 1!0,800,000 committees having jurisdiction over amount, which gives an idea of how Maintenance and opera- education. much each State could expect to receive. tion __ ------127,000,000 130, 000, 000 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1831 Selected Federal grants for education-Con. sentiment on limitation of debate ever as­ to try to make the world over in our own sembled. It was an impressive· and convinc­ image and in so doing have sought to substi­ ing document which confirmed my long-helci tute words for wisdom, dollars tor deeds, Appropriations Program belief that the rank and file of the Ameri­ and bluster for good faith. can public consider free debate in the Sen­ In domestic affairs we have countenanced Fiscal 1958 F iscal1959. ate a vital safeguard of individual liberty in the development of the philosophy that an this country. all-powerful Central Government is better 5. Program and financing, While I personally was opposed to any qualified to manage the affairs of the peo­ Office of Education __ ___ $7, 186,000 $8, 786, 000 change in the Senate's rule governing clo­ ple than are the peopl_e themselves. In so 6. President's Committee on ture, I am pleased to report to you that the doing we have sanctioned an ever-encroach­ Education Beyond the High SchooL ______50, 000 (1) revisions made will not affect materially the ing Federal bureaucracy which is steering 7. National Defense Educa- right of any Senator to speak out in defense · the Nation on the road to bankruptcy and tion Act of 1958______------40, 000,000 of the viewpoint of his State and people. totalitarianism. 8. :>rational school lunch pro- Furthermore, I am convinced that the addi­ In personal affairs we have built unto our­ gram __------99, 872, 340 2145, 000, 000 t ion of a new provision recognizing for the selves false gods of creature comforts and T otaL ____.______383, 698, 340 426, 526, 000 first time in the rules of the Senate the have become so preoccupied with an all body's constitutional continuity more than consuming quest for security that we have offsets the changes which were made. forgotten the words of the Psalmist that 1 N o longer operating. Considered in balance, I believe those of 2 Estimated. "blessed is the nation whose God is the Lord.'' us who adhere to the concept that the Sen­ Is it any wonder then that our enemies Finally, Mr. Speaker, let me urge ate is a continuing repository of State sov­ depict us throughout the world as a nation consideration of a no-strings-attached ereignty on the national level won an im­ of neurotic, meddling busybodies who at­ type of bill instead of opening the door pressive victory for constitutional govern­ tempt to buy what we are unable to earn to a program that will only end with a ment--a victory in which you of the Ameri~ and to p:reach what we ourselves are un­ Federal bureaucrat, so to speak, sitting' can Coalition of Patriotic Societies can take willing to practice? particular pride for the invaluable role which Is it any wonder then that we are bur­ on and dictating to, so to speak, every you played in making it possible. school board in America. Let us not dened with a taxload which borders on. I want to thank each of you here today as confiscation and a national debt which has take away the management of our· representatives of your individual organiza.: mortgaged future generations and that gov­ tions for the magnificent way in which you schools from the parents and local com­ ~rnment by laws enacted by the ·elected rep­ munities and school boards. acted to bolster our defense of constitutional resentatives of the -people has given way fundamentals. And I especially want to ex­ to government by executive decree, judicial press my gratitude to your alert and able ex­ edict, and F~deral bayonet? ecutive secretary, Mrs, I,.eetch, for her inde­ fatigable efforts iii · seeing that you and, Is it any wonder then that we have be-· Address by Hon. Herman E. Talmadge, through you, your organizations and citizens come a Nation plagued by stomach ulcers and heart attacks in which personal debt of Georgia, Before the American Coali­ at the grassroots level throughout the Na­ and n ational crime have reached all-time tion were fully informed about the ramifica­ records and the Golden Rule is something tion of Patriotic Societies tions of the issue. She is doing an out-­ which is used only to print on advertising standing job for you and the Nation. rulers? It is most gratifying and encouraging to EXTENSION OF REMARKS those of us in Congress_ who subscribe to The sum total of the experience of man­ OF the phil6'sophy that responsible government kind is that the inevitable result of the is the product of strict adherence to the failure to profit by the mistakes of the past HON. HERMAN E. TALMADGE Constitution of the United States word is to repeat them in the future . . Distressing as it is to admit, we in the OF GEORGIA for word as it is written to know that we are backed in our position by dedicated or­ United States seem bent upon proving that IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES ganizations with truly national member­ we have learned nothing from the past of Wednesday, February 4,1959 ships like the American Coalition. I wish either our own or any other nation. this country had 100 more groups like What other conclusion can be drawn from Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, I yours to espouse the principles of the Dec­ the plain facts that the policies which we ask unanimous consent to have printed larat ion of Independence and the Consti­ are following at home and abroad are dia­ in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the text tution of the United States and I am confi-' metrically opposed to the principles upon of an address which I delivered on Tues­ dent that if we had them the affairs of which our country was founded and are our Nation, both foreign and domest ic, would parallel to the courses which have brought. day, February 3, 1959, at ·the 29th an... about the downfall of every other major nual convention luncheon of .the Ameri­ not be Jn their -present -sad state. The Declaration of Independence was writ­ world power in history? can Coalition of Patriotic Societies, held ten to give expression to the principles which The apologists for our present course of at the Mayfto.wer Hotel, in Washington, our forefathers learned from bitter 'exnerience personal and political expediency seek to· D.C. were essential to the maintenance of liberty promote their ends through tlie coercion of There being no objection, the address and~ the Constitution was drafted and rati­ conformity and the intimidation of labels. was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, fied to perpetuate those principles for pos.: Their reply to criticism is to call the critic · as follows: terity. a reactionary or worse and to plead in the Under them the United States was founded name of their brand of pseudo-progress that THE CONSTITUTION AND RESPONSIBLE as a nation in which government at all changing times and changing conditions have GOVERNMENT levels would be the least government neces­ made our founding fundamentals obsolete. (Text of remarks of Hon. HERMAN E. s·ary to do for the people what the people They would have the American people TALMADGE, of Georgia, in addressing the could not do for themselves. believe that the Constitution of the United 29th annual convention luncheon of the Under them the United States was founded States is an accordion which can be con­ American Coalition of Patriotic Societies as a nation which respected the rights and tracted or expanded to play any tune which held in Wash ington, D.C.) integrity of other nations and demanded might be popular at any time rather than President Lory, distinguished guests and t hat it be accorded the same respect. the music by w~ich the instrument is sup­ m embers of the American Coalition of Pa­ Under them the United States was founded posed to be played. triotic Societies, to have the privilege of as a nat ion dedicated to faith in God and The lessons of the past give the lie to those sharing this significant occasion wit h you is the right of the individual to achieve his constitutional improvisers. a twofold pleasure for me. highest destiny under God consistent with They choose either to forget or deliber­ Not only is it a great honor for which I the right of every other individual to do ately to ignore that the collapse of Roman am deeply and humbly grateful but, even the same. law under the weight of a decadent bureauc­ more important, it affords me the desired op­ So long as the United States adhered to racy heralded the conquest of Rome by the p ::>r-t unity to express to you and the societies those founding principles, it grew, pros­ barbarians. you represent my profound gratitude for the pered, and was respected throughout the They choose either to forget or deliberately assistance and support which you gave me, world. to ignore that the attempt of the British as a freshman Senator, in obtaining an un­ But in recent years the United States Empire to extend its control over the world mistakable expression of public sentiment on has departed from those founding principles reduced Britain to national bankruptcy, state t he question of freedom of debate in the and,' as a result, its economy is deteriorating, socialism, and military impotence. Sen ate. ' the rights of its people are being circum­ They choose either to forget or deliber­ The 364-page printed transcript of testi­ scribed and it is losing -the respect of the ately to ignore that every nation in the mony, statements, and letters compiled by other nations of the world. history of the world which has sought to the special subcommittee of which I was In foreign affairs we have taken the posl· control the destiny of the world at the ex­ chairman during the 85th Congress was the tion that we are always right and everyone pense of its own citizens has fallen from most comprehensive presentation of public else is always wrong. We have undertaken within or without. 1832 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 4·· It could happen to the United States un­ Our present course offers only one of three the decision of the Supreme Court of the less we change our course. ultimate conclusions: conquest from with­ United States to usurp unto itself authority It will happen to Soviet Russia unless that out, collapse from within or development to make judicial questions out of matters of country changes its course. here in the United States of a totalitarian human relations which should be left to the The advocates of our present course main­ government as reprehensible as that which orderly processes of evolution. tain there is no alternative. exists in the Soviet Union. I say that, my friends, because, unless I emphatically reject that philosophy of It is incomprehensible to me that free Congress acts soon and decisively to resolve fatalism. men and women living in a free society will that issue on a realistic, constitutional basis, There is an alternative to a foreign policy choose to wait supinely for either of the the inevitable result will be the destruction based upon the inevitability of world con­ first two consequences or to countenance of public education throughout the South. flict. passively the implementation of the latter. And, engaged as we are in a life-or-death There is an alternative to a domestic policy I choose rather to believe with Thomas struggle with the forces of world commu­ based upon the regimentation of people and Jefferson that-- nism, the United States cannot under any resources. "The people may be misled or deceived circumstances afford to permit such a tragic There is an alternative to a personal for a time, but where the avenues of truth consequence to rob it of the minds and philosophy based upon physical existence are open there men will learn to reject what talents of a great segment of its youth. as an end unto itself. is false and harmful. Where the people are The answer is not to be found in the use That alternative is simply expressed in well informed, they can be trusted with of Federal bayonets, Federal control of edu­ the development of an America so strong their own government; whenever things get cation, or rearing a generation in ignorance. militarily, economically, and spiritually that so far wrong as to attract public notice My long and serious study of the question any nation choosing to attack us invites not they may be relied upon to set them to has convinced me that--feelings on the sub­ retaliation but annihilation. rights." ject being as strong and as inflamed as they And it is an alternative which can be Throughout the Nation there is a grow­ are on both sides-there is only one solution realized only in a return to the principles of ing awakening to the dangers inherent in compatible with constitutional concepts to individual freedom, free-enterprise economy, our country's present policies and a swelling which all persons of all shades of opinion and government on all levels which is the voice for a recognition of the lessons of the can subscribe. servant, not the master, of the people. past through a return to the fundamentals That solution is to invoke our heritage of The cause of our present national dilemma of constitutional, republican government. "consent of the governed" by amending the is what Thomas Jefferson characterized as I feel with all my being that the Ameri­ Constitution of the United States to give "more machinery of government than is can people already would have expressed the people on the State and local level the necessary." themselves in favor of such a return to right to determine for themselves the manner With the exception of the external menace fundamentals had they had a clear-cut in which the issue will be solved in their of communism, all of the ills and problems choice at the polls. localities . of the United States can be summarized in . They certainly did not have it last It was with that in mind that I last week the one phrase-too much government. November and frankness compels the ob­ stood before the Senate and, with all the The American economy is suffering from servation that the overwhelming sweep of sincerity of my being, proposed a constitu­ too much government. the Democratic Party was less an endorse­ tional amendment which would read as We have 48-cent dollars and face the pros­ ment of its program than it was a repudi­ follows: pect of 10-cent dollars as the result of ever­ ation of th~ Republican Party for its failure "Administrative control of any public broadening governmental policies and pro­ to act decisively to solve the Nation's prob­ school, public educational institution, or grams which are bankrupting our Nation lems. public educational system operated by any and mortgaging our future. Perhaps the saddest aspect of our present State or by any political or other subdivision American prestige abroad is suffering from situation is that at this critical juncture thereof, shall be vested exclusively in such too much government. in our national life, we of the United States State and subdivision and nothing contained We find ourselVdS despised and distrusted have no one in a position of top executive in this Constitution shall be construed to throughout most of the world as the result responsibility to whom we can look for dy­ deny to the residents thereof the right to of our continued interference in the affairs namic and imaginative leadership to thwart determine for themselves the manner in of other nations through our various bureau­ the spread of inflation and regimentation which any such school, institution, or system cratic and paternalistic programs of spend­ at home and to deal with the threat of com­ is administered by such State and subdi­ ing and instruction. munism abroad. vision." The American people themselves are suf­ But I have unlimited faith in the desire The adoption of such an amendment would fering from too much government. and willingness of the American people to settle the question for all times and rid the The mushrooming Federal establishment, demand that their national house be set Nation of a divisive issue which threatens to like quicksand claiming its victim, is steadily in order and I believe that that desire and tear it asunder. embracing more and more affairs tradition­ willingness is not far from making itself That is· true because such a provision in ally and constitutionally regarded as local felt. our Constitution would leave the citizens of matters and as a result the individual citi­ In a constitutional republic such as ours, each State and locality free to make their zen finds himself with less and less voice the masses may not be immediately articu­ own decisions in accordance with local con­ in the conduct of his local government and late, but once given leaders and leadership ditions and prevalling attitudes as to how its institutions. they are swift in making their wishes felt and when their schools would comply with I cannot bring myself to believe that the and known. the Supreme Court's school decision. majority of American people approve of the A fact which must never be discounted is That is true because such a provision in current philosophy that central governments that the essence of our concept of constitu­ our Constitution would prevent destruction must be all things to all men and do all tional government is, from the words of the of the public schools of the South and would things for all men. Declaration of Independence, that our Na­ end for all time any threat from any quarter To the contrary, the mail which I receive tional Government derives its "just powers of Federal control of education. from all sections of the Nation indicates to from the consent of the governed." That is true because such a provision in me that the average citizen is gravely con­ It is true that policies and programs can our Constitution would assure uninterrupted cerned about the present course of our Na­ be initiated and sometimes even carried out instruction for all the children of this coun­ tion and the consequences of pursuing it to without the "consent of the governed" but try regardless of their color or place of resi­ its ultimate conclusion. ultimately, as always has been the case in our dence. It is my belief that the American people national life, the will of the people has over­ That is true because such a provision in want to see the Federal budget balanced whelmed the efforts of those who sought to our Constitution would permit either reten­ and the Nation's economy stabilized. frustrate or circumvent it. tion of the status quo or orderly change as It is my belief that the American people The most serious constitutional problem to dictated by the requirements of public want the United States to cease doing for confront our Nation since the War Between opinion and make certain that whatever people in other countries what it either is the States is the direct result. of the failure change might take place would be by the unable or unw1lling to do for our own citi­ of those in responsible positions of leadership constructive process of evolution rather zens here at home. in all three branches of the Federal Govern­ than the destructive process of revolution. It is my belief that the American people ment to take into account the fact that That is true because such a provision in our want the Federal Government to confine its governmental programs and policies to be Constitution would create a basis for unity activities to those areas reserved to it by implemented successfully must square with throughout the Nation at a time when it is the Constitution and leave the management the "consent of the governed." vitally important that we present a united of all other affairs to local people on the · I refer to the present effort to force a new front before our enemies. local level. social order upon an entire region of our The public schools of the United States are It is my belief that the American people Nation by judicial constitutional amend­ local institutions which have been estab­ want above all else for the United States ment. lished and are operated and financed by local to be made militarily and economically se­ It is my firm conviction that the historians peopl~ o~ the local level and all persons will­ cure and for themselves to be left alone to of the future in looking back upon the pres­ ing to view the question dispassionately will run their own affairs and enjoy the fruits of ent time will. record as one of the gravest admit that to fulfill their role they must be their own labors. and most costly mistakes of our national life administered on the local level in accordance 1959 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 1833 with the wishes of the parents of the children izations of your respective communities It is a heritage to which we must adhere attending them. throughout the Nation. if we are to succeed in passing it uncom­ I do not believe there is any person who is I am convinced that if the public will ex­ promised to our children and their children genuinely concerned about the future of our press itself on this question the result will be after them. Nation and the education of all its children to give the 86th Congress a mandate to af­ It is a heritage which is to be put to an who cannot and will not subscribe to the ford the people of America an opportunity acid test in the issues now confronting our proposition of local control of schools. to amend the Constitution to assure for all country. time to come that control of the public Those of us who believe in responsible, And it is on that basis that I have appealed schools shall forever remain in the hands of constitutional government have our work cut to all Americans-particularly to the parents local people on the local level. out for us if we are to preEerve that heritage. of school-age children-to let their wishes Our heritage as free Americans is that our With our faith in Almighty God and our on this subject be known to their Senators Government's foundations rest upon the will feet firmly planted on the rock of the Con­ and Congressmen. It is an appeal which I of the people. stitution, I am supremely confident that we reiterate here today and urge that you take It is a heritage of which we are proud and shall not fail. it back with you to the citizens and organ- which the entire world respects. I thank you.

reading clerks, announced that the When we examine all these proposals SENATE House had passed a bill