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Experimental Study on Soil Stabilization Using Basalt Fiber and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag in Organic Soil

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Experimental Study on Soil Stabilization Using Basalt Fiber and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag in Organic Soil Volume 6, Issue 4 (2019) 1-5 ISSN 2347 - 3258 International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SOIL STABILIZATION USING BASALT FIBER AND GROUND GRANULATED BLAST FURNACE SLAG IN ORGANIC SOIL G. Ramachandran1*, S. Monisha2, P. Pradeepa3, S. Srigayathri4, T. Vikachini5 *1 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Vivekanandha College of Civil Engineering, Tiruchengode 2,3 UG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Vivekanandha College of Civil Engineering, Tiruchengode 4,5 UG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Vivekanandha College of Civil Engineering, Tiruchengode Article Info ABSTRACT Article history: The organic soils are unsuitable for construction works due to its low shear strength, high Received 25 January 2019 swelling potential and poor bearing capacity. These types of soils can be treated by stabilization Received in revised form and compaction methods. In this paper the study on effective use of stabilization using basalt 20 February 2019 fiber and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) in varying proportions and the main Accepted 28 February 2019 objective of this study is to increase the geotechnical properties of soil. The study has been Available online 15 March 2019 conducted with three different proportions of basalt fiber as 1%, 2%, 3% and ground granulated Keywords blast furnace slag as 3%, 6% and 9%. The reinforced soil where subjected to compaction and unconfined compressive test (UCS). The experimental results have shown effective increament Soil stabilization, Basalt fiber, GGBS, in compressive strength and shear strength of the soil. Compaction, Unconfined compression test, Organic soil. 1. Introduction Table 1. Geotechnical properties of soil Soil stabilization is used to reduce the permeability and to increase the shear strength and bearing capacity of soil. S.no Geotechnical properties of soil values Generally, the cementitious materials are used. In this study we use basalt fiber which is obtained from crushed basalt rocks 1. Specific gravity 1.88 it is a non-metal inorganic fiber which acts as a reinforcement for soil. when compared to other fibers like carbon fiber, sisal 2. Percentage of gravel (%) 0.1 fiber and polypropylene fiber it has many unique physical 3. Percentage of sand (%) 19.4 advantageous properties and it is specifically environment friendly and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) is a 4. Percentage of silt (%) 69 by-product produced from iron manufacturing process and its 5. Percentage of clay (%) 11.5 cementitious characteristics reduces the permeability of soil and it increases the strength of soil when compared to other 6. Liquid limit (%) 36% additives it is economical and environment friendly. 7. Plastic limit (%) 25% 2. Materials used 8. Plasticity index (%) 11 2.1 Soil 9. IS classification system OI The organic soil is collected from Koduvai, Tirupur district. The soil sample which is collected from 1.5m below the 10. AASHTO system A-7-5 ground surface and the Index and engineering properties of 11. Maximum dry density (g/ml) 5.61 soil are shown in Table 1. The classification of soil is done as 12. Optimum moisture content (%) 10% per the Indian standard classification and it shown that the soil taken is organic with intermediate plasticity (OI). 13. Swell index 18% 2.2 Basalt fiber The basalt fiber is made from crushed basalt fiber from volcanic rocks it is a non-metallic natural fiber. It is economical and environment friendly when compared to other fibers, it has unique physical characteristics and excellent mechanical properties such as resistance to high temperature, acid and alkali resistance and wave adsorption characteristics. In this study chopped basalt fiber is used. It is brought from Fig.1 soil sample Go-green products, Chennai. The properties of basalt are given below. Corresponding Author, E-mail address: [email protected]; : http://www.ijari.org 1 IJARI Volume 6, Issue 4 (2019) 1-5 ISSN 2347 - 3258 International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation Table 2. Properties of basalt fiber S.no Properties Values 1. Density (g/cm3) 2.65 2. Elastic modulus (GPa) 85.9 3. Breaking elongation (%) 3.12 4. Tensile strength (MPa) 2611 5. Length (mm) 15 6. Filament diameter (μm) 17 Fig.3 Proctor compaction test Table 3. Results obtained from proctor compaction test Mix proportions OMC (%) MDD (g/cc) Untreated soil 10 5.60 B.F 1% GGBS 3% 8 5.63 Fig.2 Basalt fiber B.F 1% GGBS 6% 8 5.72 2.3 Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) B.F 1% GGBS 9% 10 5.61 The ground granulated blast furnace slag is a by product material from manufacturing of iron. It acts as a pozzolanic B.F 2% GGBS 3% 14 5.48 material. It is bought from Erode. The specific gravity of ground granulated blast furnace is 2.68. B.F 2% GGBS 6% 14 5.39 3. Methodology B.F 2% GGBS 9% 12 5.42 To find the index properties soil (specific gravity, plastic limit, liquid limit, moisture content, swell index) the B.F 3% GGBS 3% 10 5.44 laboratory tests were conducted as per the IS code (IS 2720). The soil and the proportioned soil with stabilizing agents then B.F 3% GGBS6% 12 5.48 subjected to compaction test and unconfined compression test (UCS) in varying proportions. B.F 3% GGBS 9% 14 5.49 4. Results and discussion OMC (%) 4.1 Proctor compaction test 16 This experiment is to obtain the relation between moisture 14 14 14 14 12 12 12 content (OMC) and max dry density (MDD). This test is 10 10 10 10 conducted in varying proportions. This test shows the 8 8 8 6 compaction characteristics of untreated soil and proportioned 4 soil. The OMC and MDD is an important factor which defines 2 the strength properties of soil. The optimum moisture content 0 seems to be increase and the MDD value decreases in further increasing the proportions of fiber. The optimum moisture content and maximum dry density was found to be 14% and 5.72 (g/ml). OMC (%) Fig.4 Variation in OMC characteristics 2 IJARI Volume 6, Issue 4 (2019) 1-5 ISSN 2347 - 3258 International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation MDD (g/cc) 0.45 0.4 5.8 0.39 5.72 0.35 5.7 0.33 0.34 5.6 5.6 5.63 5.61 0.3 0.3 5.5 5.48 5.485.49 0.25 0.25 5.44 5.4 5.39 5.42 0.21 0.22 0.21 Stress 0.2 5.3 0.19 0.15 5.2 0.13 0.1 0.09 0.05 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 MDD (g/cc) Strain Fig.5 Variation in MDD characteristics Fig.7 UCS results for 1% basalt fiber and 3% GGBS 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.63 0.6 0.55 0.5 0.5 0.43 0.44 Stress 0.4 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.21 0.17 0.1 0.12 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 Fig.6 Compaction test samples Strain 4.2 Unconfined compression test Fig.8 UCS results for 1% basalt fiber and 6% GGBS The unconfined compressive strength is conducted to obtain the compressive strength of the soil. In this study the test is conducted in undrained condition. The strength can be 1.2 identified from the stress-strain relationship curve obtained from the test results. The Maximum strength attained in the 1 proportion of 2% basalt fiber and 6%GGBS is 183kN/m2. 0.97 0.87 0.8 0.5 0.69 0.45 0.68 0.43 0.6 0.63 0.4 0.39 0.35 0.33 0.48 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.42 Axis Axis Title 0.38 0.25 0.27 0.33 0.23 0.23 Stress 0.2 0.21 0.25 0.2 0.23 0.15 0.140.16 0.14 0.16 0.1 0.1 0.05 0 0 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 20 -0.2 Strain Strain Fig.7 UCS results for untreated soil Fig.9 UCS results for 1% basalt fiber and 9% GGBS 3 IJARI Volume 6, Issue 4 (2019) 1-5 ISSN 2347 - 3258 International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.42 1.4 1.42 1.35 1.26 1.2 1.23 1.2 1.14 1.19 1.08 1.13 1 1.03 1 1.01 0.98 0.95 0.98 0.88 0.8 0.8 0.75 0.76 0.68 0.62 Stress Stress 0.6 0.57 0.6 0.46 0.47 0.4 0.4 0.340.39 0.26 0.2 0.19 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 20 Stress Stress Fig.10 UCS results for 2% basalt fiber and 3% GGBS Fig.13 UCS results for 3% basalt fiber and 3% GGBS 2 1.4 1.8 1.83 1.2 1.16 1.6 1.62 1.59 1.12 1 1.4 0.98 0.96 1.28 1.2 1.15 0.8 0.84 0.82 1 1.04 1 0.71 0.92 0.8 0.6 0.58 Stress Stress 0.55 0.67 0.6 0.59 0.4 0.4 0.48 0.4 0.28 0.2 0.21 0.2 0.25 0.15 0 0 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 20 Stress Stress Fig.11 UCS results for 2% basalt fiber 6% GGBS Fig.14 UCS results for 3% basalt fiber and 6% GGBS 1.6 1.2 1.48 1.4 1 0.98 1.29 0.94 1.2 1.18 0.92 1.13 0.83 1.06 1.09 0.8 0.79 1 0.99 0.73 0.89 0.8 0.83 0.6 0.57 0.52 Stress 0.6 Stress 0.4 0.4 0.38 0.26 0.2 0.2 0.18 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 Stress Stress Fig.12 UCS results for 2% basalt fiber and 9% GGBS Fig.15 UCS results for 3% basalt fiber and 9% GGBS 4 IJARI Volume 6, Issue 4 (2019) 1-5 ISSN 2347 - 3258 International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation [5] C.P.
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