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Study on Gap Analysis GAP ANALYSIS between the Performance Objectives Set Forth in the Framework Guidelines for Energy Efficiency Standards in Buildings and Current Energy Efficiency Standards and their Implementation in the Countries of South-Eastern and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and in the Russian Federation Source: Institute for Building Efficiency, WR ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report is prepared in the framework of the project “Enhancing National Capacities to Develop and Implement Energy Efficiency Standards for Buildings in the UNECE Region.” The report is prepared by the UNECE Secretariat. Nadejda Khamrakulova is the main author. Mohammed Abdul Mujeeb Khan has provided significant contributions. Oleg Dzioubinski, Scott Foster, and Igor Litvinyuk also contributed to this report. Valuable contributions at various stages of the research and the preparation of the report have been received from the following experts: • The UNECE Joint Task Force on Energy Efficiency Standards in Buildings; • The UNECE Group of Experts on Energy Efficiency; • Participants of the Workshop on Energy Efficiency Standards in Buildings and their Implementation in the UNECE region (Geneva and Chisinau (online), 9 April 2021); • In particular, the following contributors: Artan Leskoviku (Albania); Ani Rafyan, Andre Ohanian (Armenia); Andrei Miniankou (Belarus); Margalita Arabidze, Natalia Jamburia (Georgia); Mikhail Toropov (Kyrgyzstan); Sergiu Robu (Republic of Moldova); Kostiantyn Gura, Artem Makarov, Dana Galimuk (Ukraine); and Nizomiddin Rahmanov (Uzbekistan). 2 Contents List of Tables ................................................................................................................... 5 List of Figures ................................................................................................................. 6 Acronyms and Abbreviations .......................................................................................... 7 Signs and Measures ......................................................................................................... 8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................. 9 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 15 Scope and objective ............................................................................................................... 16 Structure .............................................................................................................................. 17 Methodology ......................................................................................................................... 17 Limitations ........................................................................................................................... 18 Response to COVID-19 pandemic ......................................................................................... 19 REFERENCE POINTS ................................................................................................. 20 EXISTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY POLICIES ......................................................... 21 SOUTH-EASTERN EUROPE .............................................................................................. 21 Framework legislation and policy documents ........................................................................................ 21 Building energy codes ............................................................................................................................... 22 Energy performance certification ............................................................................................................ 23 Energy pricing measures .......................................................................................................................... 23 Promotion of ESCO .................................................................................................................................. 24 Awareness programmes............................................................................................................................ 24 EASTERN EUROPE AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ................................................ 29 Framework legislation and policy documents ........................................................................................ 29 Building energy codes ............................................................................................................................... 30 Energy performance certification ............................................................................................................ 32 Energy pricing measures .......................................................................................................................... 33 Promotion of ESCO .................................................................................................................................. 33 Awareness programmes............................................................................................................................ 34 THE CAUCASUS ................................................................................................................. 38 Framework legislation and policy documents ........................................................................................ 38 Building energy codes ............................................................................................................................... 39 Energy performance certification ............................................................................................................ 40 Energy pricing measures .......................................................................................................................... 41 Promotion of ESCO .................................................................................................................................. 41 Awareness programmes............................................................................................................................ 42 CENTRAL ASIA .................................................................................................................. 45 Framework legislation and policy documents ........................................................................................ 45 Building energy codes ............................................................................................................................... 46 Energy performance certification ............................................................................................................ 47 Energy pricing measures .......................................................................................................................... 47 Promotion of ESCO .................................................................................................................................. 48 Awareness programmes............................................................................................................................ 49 IMPLEMENTATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY STANDARDS............................. 52 ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF BUILDINGS .................................................................... 52 South-Eastern Europe .............................................................................................................................. 53 Eastern Europe and the Russian Federation .......................................................................................... 56 The Caucasus ............................................................................................................................................. 58 Central Asia ............................................................................................................................................... 60 New vs Existing Buildings ..................................................................................................... 61 3 New Buildings ....................................................................................................................... 61 Building envelope ...................................................................................................................................... 61 HVAC ......................................................................................................................................................... 64 Appliances and equipment ....................................................................................................................... 66 Lighting ...................................................................................................................................................... 68 Existing Buildings ................................................................................................................. 68 Building envelope ...................................................................................................................................... 69 HVAC ......................................................................................................................................................... 75 Appliances and equipment ....................................................................................................................... 80 Lighting .....................................................................................................................................................
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