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Experts Submission Mauretania.Pdf EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. Brief Description of item(s) What is it? A full hull 1:64th scale `builder’s’ ship model of the RMS Mauretania complete with a modern display case. What is it made of? The main hull is constructed from horizontal wooden boards in `bread and butter fashion’ (see later) with laid wooden laminate decks, the funnels and superstructure made from solid blocks of wood. A large proportion of the deck and hull fittings such as ventilation cowlings, winches and port holes etc are made from brass and either gold plated or have a brass and copper finish. The masts and associated rigging are a mixture of metal, wood, wire and natural cordage laid up to scale. All of the glazing such as windows on the superstructure and portholes on the hull are made from small pieces of mirrored glass. What are its measurements? The model dimensions are 390cm in length by 43cm in depth and 106.5cm in height. Overall case dimensions are 440cm in length by 61cm in depth by 200.5cm in height. Who is the artist/maker and what are their dates? The model was made by a number of craftsmen in the model workshop in the shipyard of Swan Hunter & Wigram Richardson, Tyne and Wear. What date is the item? The model is one of the original models either supplied by the builders for Cunard, the owners of the ship or for the publicity purposes of the shipyard. This dates the model from c.1906, although it is complete with the upgraded four-bladed propellers which were added to the ship in 1909. However, the model still has its original complement of lifeboats, which were increased after the Titanic disaster in 1912, giving an end date of 1912. Therefore the model has a date range from 1906- 12. What condition is it in? Overall the model is in good condition with minor paint flaking/crazing on some of the superstructure. There is a long longitudinal split in the wooden deck laminate running along the centre of the model which can be a common problem with models of this date, size and complexity. There are also some minor cracks in the hull due to the movement of the horizontal planks used in the `bread and butter’ construction process. Most of the plated metal fittings are stable with very little evidence of corrosion, again a common problem with this style of finish. The masts and rigging appear to be untouched and in good stable condition. 2. Context Provenance The model has been the property of the shipyard since its construction c.1906-12, right up to its sale in May 2015. Key literary and exhibition references 1938-2012 On long term loan to the Science Museum, London, on virtually permanent display (excluding WWII). According to the Science Museum, the model was originally loaned in 1938 to illustrate the story of the Blue Riband but this exhibition was dismantled due to hostilities and the model put into storage. After the war, the model was put back on display as part of the museum’s transport gallery which was eventually closed in 2012. Mauretania: Triumph and Resurrection by Peter Newall, Ships in Focus Publications, Preston 2006. (page 134) 3. Waverley criteria Which of the Waverley criteria does the item meet? (If it is of ‘outstanding significance for the study of some particular branch of art learning or history’ which area of art learning or history). In my opinion this item meets all three of the Waverley criteria. Very briefly why? 1.History – This model represents arguably one of the UK’s most famous ships, apart from the Titanic, with a truly international profile. It held the Blue Riband(fastest crossing of the Atlantic) for 22 continuous years, a record that has not been surpassed. It also played an important part during WWI serving as a troopship and hospital ship. It also has very strong regional associations with the cities of Newcastle, Liverpool and Southampton. 2. Aesthetics – This model represents the very best of the builder’s style of modelmaking and was constructed during the golden age of both shipbuilding and modelmaking. Its large and impressive scale allows an enormous amount of detail and high paint finish that these models are often quoted as `ships in miniature’. 3. Scholarship – Ship models are considered an essential tool for both the discipline of Naval Architecture and more broadly in the study of our maritime heritage. They bring a three dimensional perspective to the more commonly available two dimensional material such as archive and fine art such as photographs, film and paintings. DETAILED CASE 1. Detailed description of item(s) if more than in Executive summary, and any comments. What does it depict? This is a scale model of the famous cunard ship Mauretania. For a full history of this ship see the following link; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RMS_Mauretania_(1906) What does it tell us about that period? The model illustrates that before the advent of air travel, the fastest way to travel across the north Atlantic was aboard these luxurious ships. The competition for both shipbuilders and ship owners was intense and highlighted by the winning of the Blue Riband trophy for the fastest crossing both east and westbound. No. of comparable items by the same artist already in the UK, in both public and private collections? Builder’s style models are represented in most maritime museum and private collections in the UK. To date, there are five known contemporary models that exist of the Mauretania and are listed below; A 7:38 scale full hull model at the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London A 1:48 scale full hull and plating model at the Discovery Museum, Newcastle upon Tyne. These two models are currently on long term loan from the shipyard Swan Hunters. A large builder’s model (scale unknown) on board the liner QE II currently located in Dubai. This model was originally made as the Lusitania but subsequently altered to the Mauretania’s as a result of the ships sinking during WWI. It has also been modified to illuminate internally which has damaged the models structure. The QE II and its contents are currently up for sale so the future of this model remains uncertain. A 1:48 scale model in the Smithsonian Museum, Washington, USA, showing the Mauretania in later life in her cruising livery. 2. Detailed explanation of the outstanding significance of the item(s). Significance of figures associated with the item(s): maker/client/owners? The number and diversity of the people associated with this ship are too many to mention. They are best summarised in the above Wikipedia link. Significance of subject-matter? See above link. Significance of materials/process/usage? The model is an excellent example of the `builder’s style’ of modelmaking, the main purpose of which was to advertise the products of both the shipyard and ship owner at the various international trade fairs held around the western world from the late nineteenth century onwards. The models were designed to catch the eye of potential clients, hence the large amount of gold and silver plated fittings, in the hope that an order for building a ship would be placed or the services of a shipping company. Is/are the item(s) of local/regional/national importance? In addition to the ship’s international reputation, it also has strong links with Newcastle, place of build, Liverpool, its port of registry and location of its owners Cunard, and latterly, Southampton another port of departure and arrival. Summary of related items in public/private ownership in the UK Plans, photos, plating model and original parts from the ship are held in the Discovery Museum, Newcastle The Cunard archive held by Liverpool University The ships bell from the forecastle is in the collections of the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London There are several surviving examples of the original interior wooden panelling from the public areas and cabins which were sold after the ship was broken up. These are located in public houses or company board rooms or private residences in the UK .
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