Reassessment of the Genus Typhiocypris Vejdovsk~ (Ostracoda, Candoninae), with a Brief Reflexion on the Social Role of the “Kempf Database Ostracoda“

Home , Candonidae

Kölner Forum Geol. Paläont., 21 (2012) F.A. VIEHBERG & R. GROMIG (Eds.) Abstracts, l4th International German Ostracodologists‘ Meeting, Cologne, October 11-14, 2012

Reassessment of the genus Typhiocypris Vejdovsk~ (Ostracoda, Candoninae), with a brief reflexion on the social role of the “Kempf Database Ostracoda“

Tadeusz NAMIOTKO1, Dan L. DANIELOPOL2, Claude MEISCH3, Martin GROSS4 & Nata~a MORI5

1University of Gdatisk, Faculty of Biology, Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Limnozoology, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdatisk, Poland. [email protected] 2Ausfrian Academy of Sciences, Commission for the Stratigraphical & Palaeontological Research of Austria, c/o Institute for Earth Sciences (Geology & Palaeontology), University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 26, 8010 Graz, Austria. [email protected] 3National Natural History Museum of Luxembourg, 25 rue Muenster, 2160 Luxembourg. claude.meisch@ education.lu 4Universalmuseum Joanneum, Department for Geology & Palaeontology, Weinzöttlstrasse 16, 8045 Graz, Austria. [email protected] 5National Institute of Biology, Veöna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [email protected]

Taxonomic names reflect the way specialists understand the position of organisms within a given classificatory scheme. We consider that a taxonomic name should transmit beside information on the organisms it characterises also indications on the origin and evolution of the given entity. Different taxonomic names used for closely resembling ostracod morphologies one finds, especially in the micropalaeontological publications, should not be automatically disclosed as synonymies. Ostracod taxa bearing different names within parallel taxonomic Systems should be comparatively studied with geometric-morphometric techniques. This approach allows building a multidimensional semantic space (cf. WEINBERGER, 2012) which ultimately offers ideas for new research within an evolutionary perspective of a given ostracod project. With these epistemological ideas at hand we propose a redefinition of the genus Typhiocypris (VEJDOVSKt 1882). First we show that until now this genus was either not recognised by various specialists (cf. MÜLLER, 1912) or if reactualised by others (inter alia KARANOVIC, 2005) had practically no semantic content which should convey information on the evolutionary aspects of the group. We document this latter situation pointing out the fact that Typhlocypris eremita (VEJDovsK‘~‘, 1880), the type species of the genus, was originally described in a completely unsatisfactory way; it was followed by a first redescription (~o~TARI~, 1888) which represents a surprising case of plagiarism (exact documentation of these aspects is offered on request). Additionally, the genus had initially no diagnosis. The apparently reduction of ocular structures mentioned by VEJDOVSK~‘ (1882) and considered a period as the main distinguishing trait of the genus (cf. VAvRA, 1891) is incorrect, as observed by DANIEL0P0L (1980). Also no repository material for the type species Typhiocypris eremita exists. We use as the reference material for T. eremita valves from ~e~elice (north of Prague) already documented by ABs0L0N (1978). The diagnostic traits of the valves are fixed for both the adult and the juveniles. Combined with already published information on the limbs we p~opose a new definition of the genus which includes species which nowadays all colonise groundwater habitats, namely those species which previously were assigned to the eremita species group of the genus Pseudocandona (cf. MEIscH, 2000; NAMI0TK0 & DANIELOPOL, 2004; IEPURE et al., 2007). The new diagnosis we propose (see below) confirms previous taxonomic decisions for assignment of fossil candonids to Typhiocypris made inter alia by TRIEBEL (1963), PoKoRrsj~ (1986) and KRSTIC (2006) and/or assignment to this genus other fossil species e.g. Caspiocypris schneiderae (LIvErs~rAL, in AGALAR0vA et al., 1961). We point out to the homeomorphic triangular shape of Candoninae valves and emphasize that with an in deep morphological analysis it is possible to differentiate them. We use as an example the comparative morphology of Typhiocypris and some Mix tacandona species. For this latter group we take information on M. tabacarui (cf. DANIEL0POL & Cv~ixov, 1979). Additional research on this aspect is suggested for other living and fossil species like Fabaeformiscandona aemonae (KLIE) known from caves and springs in Slovenia as well as for

48 Kölner Forum Geol. Paläont., 21 (2012) FA. VIEHBERG & R: GROMIG (Eds.) Abstracts, l4th International German Ostracodologists‘ Meeting, Cologne, October 1144, 2012

the Miocene ostracods identified by GRoss (2004) as Candona (Typhiocypris) aff. eremita. New data on these taxa could improve our perception on the origin and evolution of triangular candonids. Typhlocypris appears nowadays as a bundle of evolutionary lineages with evolutionary trajectories which slightly diverge one from the other. This view is based mainly on the observations we made on T. ereinita (VEJDOvSK~) and T. cavicola (KLIE) and their related species. Our investigations also show that the origin of the stygobitic Typhlocypris has to be sought in limnic ostracods which were spread over the Palaearctic during the Tertiary. The present view on how we delineate the genus Typhlocypris benefited from the work of Eugen KEMPF which stretched over more than three decades, leading to the present Ostracoda Database (KEMPF, 2008). With the heip of this archive and the generosity of its author it was possible to identify species for which, at the beginning, we had no information, like Caspiocypris schneiderae (LIvENTAL, in AGALAR0vA et al., 1961). Additionally, it stimulated scientific comrnunication with other specialists dealing with similar taxonomic problems. Therefore in our case the Database was a lively component for cooperative work.

Acknowledgements:

Eugen KEMPF and his useful Database are here greatly acknowledged. This contribution is part of two projects financially supported by the Austrian Science Fund (P. 17738-B03 to D. L. D. and P. 21748-N21 to M. G.). We acknowledge this generous support as weh as the offer of ostracod material and information received from many colleagues during the last years.

Annex — Proposed diagnosis for the genus Typhiocypris VEJDOVSK‘i‘, 1882, compiled based on DANIEL0P0L (1982), NAMI0TKO & DANIELOP0L (2004), NAMI0TK0 et al. (2004) and additional information for the type species based on the new reference material. Type species: Cypris eremita VEJDOVSK‘i~, 1880. New reference material: 5 valves from ~e~ehice, 23 Km north of Prague (photos Nr 8354-8358), leg. A. ABSOLON, sample 366 (Sumpfkreide, Late Pleistocene): 2 Ad. LV (Nr. 8354, 8355), 1 Ad. RV (Nr. 8356), 2 juv. RV (Nr. 8357, 8358). The specimens (valves) will be deposed at the Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Depart. Invertebrate Zoology, Coll. Crustacea. Carapace of medium length (mostly ≤ 1.1 mm), approx. triangular in lateral view, with the greatest height at or just behind mid-length (at 50-60% of the length), and height to length ratio >50%. Left valve dorsally with a hump that overlaps the right valve. Valves thin with a fine ornamentation consisting of shallow pils mostly in the central area. Calcified inner lamella narrow, anteriorly usually ≤ 10% of the valve length and <2x as wide as posteriorly. Inner and outer margins more or less parallel. Valve shape, ornamentation and the relative width of the inner lamella remain almost unchanged throughout the last four stages of the postembryonic development. Sexual dimorphism in size and shape of the carapace weakly expressed; male carapace slightly larger than that of the female. Second antenna in both sexes with long apical claws: in females G1 ≥ 2.2x and GM ≥ 1.8x the length of the penultimate segment, in males G2 ≥ 2.Ox and GM ≥ 1.6x the length of the 3rd and 4th endopodial segments combined, whereas male zl claw relatively short, usually <3/4 of G2. 2nd segment of mandibular palp with 3 setae in the setal group, and with externo-distal (y) seta smooth (not plumose). Fifth limb (L5) with rudimentary exopodial branchial plate bearii~g 2 setae. Cleaning leg (L7) with protopodite bearing three setae (dl, d2, dp), penultimate segment missing the medial f seta, subterminal segment with long distal g seta, the terminal segment set with two hong h2 and h3 setae and one short hl seta. Female genital lobe with two fine folds separated by a fiat depression or weakly developed and evenly rounded. Hemipenis: tliree lobes (a, b, h) well developed; M-process with a proximal plate broad, central part contracted and distal part weakly sclerotized, variously shaped and often crenulated; bursa copulatrix cornet-shaped. Zenker organ with five wreaths of spines and two terminal cap-like structures.

References

ABs0L0N, A. (1978): Die Gattung Candona (Ostracoda) im Quartär von Europa. — Rozpr. ~eskoslov. Akad. V~d, &ada Matemat. & Pfftod. V~d, 88: 1-76. AGALAR0vA, D. A., KADYR0VA, Z. K. & KuLJEvA, S. A. (1961): Ostracoda from Pliocene and Post-Pliocene deposits of Azerbaijan.

49 Kölner Forum Geol. Paläont., 21 (2012) F.A. VIEHBERG & R. GROMIG (Eds.) Abstracts, l4th International German Ostracodologists‘ Meeting, Cologne, October 11-14, 2012

— Azerbaijan State Publishers, Baku (in Russian).

DANIEL0P0L, D. L. (1980): Sur la biologie de quelques ostracodes Candoninae ipig~s et hypogös d‘Europe. - Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 4, 2: 471-506. DANIEL0P0L, D. L. & CvETK0v, L. (1979): Trois nouvelles espöces du genreMixtacandona (Ostracoda, Cyprididae, Candoninae).

— Hydrobiologia, 67: 249-266. GRoss, M. (2004): Zur Ostracodenfauna (Crustacea), Paläoökologie und Stratigraphie der Tongrube Mataschen (Unter

Pannonium, Steirisches Becken, Österreich). — Joannea Geol. Paläont., 5: 49-129. IRPURE, 5., NAMI0TK0, T. & DANIELOPOL, D. L. (2007): Evolutionary and taxonomic aspects within the species group

Pseudocandona ereinita (VEJDOVSKY) (Ostracoda, Candoninae). — Hydrobiologia, 585: 159-180. KARAN0vIC, 1. (2005): On the genus Typhiocypris VEJDOVSK‘~‘, 1882 (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Candoninae), with description

of two new species. — Syst. Biodivers., 3: 375-406.

KAMPF, E. (2008): Kempf Database Ostracoda. Fossil and living Ostracoda of the world. — http://Ostracoda-on.tripod.com.

KRsTn~, N. (2006): Pliocene ostracodes of the Paludinian Beds in Parinonian plain, Serbian part. — Herald Nat. Hist. Mus., Special Publ. Beograd. MEIscH, C. (2000): Freshwater Ostracoda of Western and Cenfral Europe. Spektrum Akad. Verlag, Heidelberg.

MÜLLER, G.W. (1912): Crustacea: Ostracoda. — Das Tierreich 31: 1-434. NAMI0TK0, T. & DANIELOp0L, D. L. (2004): Review of the erernita species-group of the genus Pseudocandona KAUFMANN

(Ostracoda, Crustacea), with the description of a new species. — Rev. Esp. Micropal., 36: 117-134. NAMI0TK0, T., DANIELOPOL, D. L. & RADA, T. (2004): Pseudocandona sywulai sp. nov., a new stygobitic ostracode (Ostracoda,

Candonidae) from Croatia. — Crustaceana, 77: 311-331. PETK0vsKI, T. K., ScHARF, B. W. & KEYsER, D. (2009): Freshwater Ostracoda (Crustacea) collected from caves and the interstitial

habitat in Herzegovina, NW Balkan, with the description of two new species. — Bull. Soc. Nat. Luxembourg, 110: 173- 182.

P0KORNY, V. (1986): Freshwater ostracodes from the Lower Miocene of Tuchotice (Bohemia, Czechoslovakia). — Acta Univ. Carolinae-Geologica, 3: 281-315.

So~TARit, D. (1888): Prilog poznavanju faune slatkovodnih korepnjaka hrvatske. - Rad Jug. Akad. Znan. Umjetn. 92: 103- 214.

TRIEBEL, E. (1963): Ostracoden aus dem Sannois und jüngeren Schichten des Mainzer Beckens: 1. Cyprididae. — Senckenberg. Lethaea, 44: 157-207. VAvRA, W. (1891): Monographie der Ostracoden Böhmens. Arch. natwiss. Landesdurchforsch. Böhmen: 1-116.

VEJDovsK~t, F., 1880: Über den Ursprung der Brunnenfauna. - Jber. Königl.-böhmischen Ges. Wiss., 1880: 49-56. VEJuovsK~t, F. (1882): Thierische Organismen der Brunnenwässer von Prag, Prag. 1-70.

WEINBERGER, D. (2012): Why untidiness is good for us. — New Scientist, 2: 30-31.