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Icnofósseis E Paleorraízes Do Grupo Bauru, Cretáceo Superior, Do Sudeste Do Brasil

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Icnofósseis E Paleorraízes Do Grupo Bauru, Cretáceo Superior, Do Sudeste Do Brasil Universidade de Brasília – UNB Instituto de Geociências – IG Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia Icnofósseis e Paleorraízes do Grupo Bauru, Cretáceo Superior, do Sudeste do Brasil Tese de Doutorado n°145 Adriano Santos Mineiro Orientador: Rodrigo Miloni Santucci Brasília, Agosto de 2018 Universidade de Brasília – UNB Instituto de Geociências – IG Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia Icnofósseis e Paleorraízes do Grupo Bauru, Cretáceo Superior, do Sudeste do Brasil Tese de Doutorado n° 145 Adriano Santos Mineiro Orientador: Rodrigo Miloni Santucci Tese de doutorado apresentada ao Instituto de Geociências da Universidade de Brasília como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Geologia, na área de concentração de Bioestratigrafia e Paleoecologia. Brasília, Agosto de 2018 Banca Examinadora ________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Rodrigo Miloni Santucci (UnB) ________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Antônio Carlos Sequeira Fernandes (UFRJ) ________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Ismar de Souza Carvalho (UFRJ) ________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Ricardo Lourenço Pinto (UnB) Tese apresentada na forma de artigos conforme Art. 34 do Regimento da Pós-Graduação do Instituto de Geociências. AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço primeiramente ao meu orientador, Prof. Dr. Rodrigo Miloni Santucci, por aceitar esse desafio de me orientar com um tema diferente do seu foco principal de estudos, por toda paciência, conselhos e incentivos ao longo dos últimos anos. Aos meus pais, Marta dos Santos Oliveira e Manoel Mineiro de Oliveira por todo esforço, dedicação e apoio. E meu irmão André Santos Mineiro, que além de irmão é meu melhor amigo. Aos meus amigos de infância e que até hoje me aturam: Abner, Bodão, Custela, Neném, Hizim, Guto e Dennis (onde estiver). A todos meus familiares que me apoiaram, em especial à minha prima Vânia por todas conversas e incentivo. Aos amigos e colegas de longa data na paleontologia Dr. Carlos Eduardo Maia de Oliveira, Dr. David Teixeira Guidoti, Dr. Marco Brandalise de Andrade e William Roberto Nava. Aos colegas e amigos de pós-graduação Daniel Martins dos Santos, Fábio Antônio de Oliveira, Glauber Oliveira Cunha, Henrique Zimmermann Tomassi, Joyce Celerino de Carvalho, Lucila Monteiro de Souza, Roberto de Souza Dias Ricart, Felipe Mendes dos Santos Cardia e Marcos Vitor Dumont Júnior, por cada momento que me proporcionaram nessa jornada. Um agradecimento especial aos professores, Dr. Ricardo Lourenço Pinto, Dr. José Roberto Pujol Luz e Dra. Dulce Maria Sucena da Rocha, por todo incentivo e sugestões ao longo desses anos. Agradeço a Mírian Márcia Nascimento dos Reis, por me proporcionar momentos de alegria, mesmo estando distante. Um obrigado a Alexandra Elbakyan por desenvolver o Sci-HUb e proporcionar a todos a possibilidade de ler um artigo cientifico. A todos que me acolheram no Rio Grande do Sul, em especial aos amigos que fiz nessa jornada: Jorge Villegas-Martín, Samuel Noll, Marta Kekhoff, Ilana Lehn, Rodrigo Horodyski, Alan Jenisch, Jennifer Mesa, Daniel Sedorko, João Lima, Hugo Schmidt-Neto, Tânia Dultra e a professora Dra. Renata Guimarães Netto, por toda dedicação e amor no ensino da paleoicnologia. Ao auxílio financeiro proporcionado por bolsa de estudos via CAPES. Ao programa de Pós-Graduação, por proporcionar a realização dessa pesquisa, ao professor Dr. Demerval Aparecido do Carmo por disponibiliza a utilização dos equipamentos de microscopia do laboratório de micropaleontologia. E ao Laboratório de Geocronologia pela utilização do MEV (microscópio eletrônico de varredura). Enfim, agradeço a todos que passaram pela minha vida, todos tiveram um significado que me proporcionaram chegar até aqui. “... Pensa! O pensamento tem poder. Mas não adianta só pensar. Você também tem que dizer! Diz! Porque as palavras têm poder. Mas não adianta só falar. Você também tem que fazer! Faz! Porque você só vai saber se o final vai ser feliz depois que tudo acontecer...” Gabriel O Pensador (Se Liga Aí) “Eu escolhi escrever sobre coisas impossíveis, porque sobre as possíveis já foi escrito demais” Silvio Rodríguez Sumário Apresentação ................................................................................................................................ 1 Capítulo 1 – Uma introdução à paleoicnologia e ao Grupo Bauru ................................................ 2 Resumo ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Introdução ................................................................................................................................. 2 Contexto geológico ................................................................................................................... 4 Diversidade paleoicnológica do Grupo Bauru ........................................................................... 4 Conclusão .................................................................................................................................. 7 Referências ................................................................................................................................ 7 Capítulo 2 - Ocorrência de excepcional preservação de aglomerado de glomerosporos na Formação Marília (Membro Echaporã), Grupo Bauru, Cretáceo Superior, Brasil ...................... 12 Resumo .................................................................................................................................... 12 Introdução ............................................................................................................................... 12 Contexto Geológico ................................................................................................................. 14 Materiais e Métodos ............................................................................................................... 15 Descrição ................................................................................................................................. 15 Discussão ................................................................................................................................. 18 Registro fossilífero ............................................................................................................... 22 Analise paleoecológica e paleoambiental ........................................................................... 23 Preservação do material fúngico ......................................................................................... 26 Conclusão ................................................................................................................................ 28 Agradecimentos ...................................................................................................................... 29 Referências .............................................................................................................................. 29 Capítulo 3 - Implicações tafonômicas da icnofábrica Taenidium barretti e bioerosões sobre ossos de Baurusuchidae (Crocodylomorpha) na Formação Adamantina, Cretáceo Superior do Brasil ............................................................................................................................................ 39 Resumo .................................................................................................................................... 39 Introdução ............................................................................................................................... 39 Materiais e métodos ............................................................................................................... 41 Contexto geológico ................................................................................................................. 43 Resultados e Discussões .......................................................................................................... 48 Experimento de decomposição ........................................................................................... 48 Icnofábrica Taenidium barretti ............................................................................................ 51 Bioerosões em ossos ........................................................................................................... 52 Um caso de Taenidium barretti e deterioração óssea ............................................................ 54 Considerações finais ................................................................................................................ 56 Agradecimentos ...................................................................................................................... 57 Referências .............................................................................................................................. 57 Capítulo 4 - Ichnofabrics and ichnofossils from the continental deposits of the Serra da Galga Member, Marília Formation, Bauru Group (Upper Cretaceous), Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil 64 Abstract ................................................................................................................................... 64 1 – Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 64 2 – Material and methods ......................................................................................................
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