Barriers to Initiation of Open Source Software Projects in Research Libraries
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Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 2016-05-01 Barriers to Initiation of Open Source Software Projects in Research Libraries Jason Curtis Thacker Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the Computer Sciences Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Thacker, Jason Curtis, "Barriers to Initiation of Open Source Software Projects in Research Libraries" (2016). Theses and Dissertations. 5879. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5879 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Barriers to Initiation of Open Source Software Projects in Research Libraries Jason Curtis Thacker A thesis submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Christophe Giraud-Carrier, Chair Parris Egbert Bryan Morse Department of Computer Science Brigham Young University May 2016 Copyright © 2016 Jason Curtis Thacker All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Barriers to Initiation of Open Source Software Projects in Research Libraries Jason Curtis Thacker Department of Computer Science, BYU Master of Science Libraries share a number of core values with the Open Source Software (OSS) movement, suggesting there should be a natural tendency toward library participation in OSS projects. However, Dale Askey’s 2008 Code4Lib column entitled We Love Open Source Software. No, You Can’t Have Our Code, claims that while libraries are strong proponents of OSS, they are unlikely to actually contribute to OSS projects. He identifies, but does not empirically substantiate, six barriers that he believes contribute to this apparent inconsistency. The goal of this thesis is to empirically investigate not only Askey’s central claim but also the six barriers he proposes. Additionally, we will utilize statistical methods and machine learning algorithms to identify barriers encountered by libraries as they grapple with whether or not to release their code as open source. We will offer insights into possible correlations between a library’s engineering, talent management and innovation policies and practices and its propensity to initiate open source software projects. Keywords: open source software, research libraries ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I acknowledge the support and love of my family. To my parents, Todd and Trudy, thank you for your love, council and encouragement. Thank you for being proud of me. To my children: Paige, Peter, Parker, Peyton, and Preston, you are a constant source of passion and motivation. I express deep gratitude to Dr. Christophe Giraud-Carrier and Dr. Charles Knutson who have elevated my thinking and taught me to write. Certainly, this work would not be possible without their help. From the Harold B. Lee Library, I acknowledge Bill Lund and Grant Laycock who have offered consistent encouragement and support. I also thank Scott Bertagnole who has been an editor and sounding board through this process. Most of all, I thank my fantastic wife, Brianne, for her confidence, love and enduring patience. TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE ............................................................................................................................................. i ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ........................................................................................................... iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ iv LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................... viii LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... ix 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Empirical Software Engineering ............................................................................................. 1 1.1.2 Open Source Software ............................................................................................................. 2 1.1.3 Academic Libraries & Open Source Software ........................................................................ 2 1.2 Project Description .................................................................................................................... 4 2 SPEC Kit 340: Open Source Software ................................................................................ 5 2.1 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Open Source Software ............................................................................................................. 5 2.1.2 Library IT ................................................................................................................................ 6 2.1.3 Adoption .................................................................................................................................. 8 2.1.4 Development ......................................................................................................................... 10 2.1.5 Conclusion............................................................................................................................. 13 2.2 Survey Questions and Responses ........................................................................................... 14 2.2.1 Survey Response ................................................................................................................... 16 iv 2.2.2 In-house Software Development ........................................................................................... 16 2.2.3 Systems Built In-house That Aren’t Open Sourced .............................................................. 21 2.2.4 Customizing Proprietary Systems ......................................................................................... 23 2.2.5 Library Software ................................................................................................................... 25 2.2.6 OSS Policies .......................................................................................................................... 31 2.2.7 Reasons for Adopting OSS ................................................................................................... 36 2.2.8 Cost of Adopting OSS ........................................................................................................... 53 2.2.9 Benefits and Challenges of Adopting OSS ........................................................................... 55 2.2.10 Library Contributions to OSS Projects ............................................................................. 67 2.2.11 Cost of Contributing to OSS Projects ............................................................................... 81 2.2.12 Benefits and Challenges of Contributing to OSS Projects ................................................ 82 2.2.13 Tools for OSS Projects ..................................................................................................... 89 2.2.14 Licensing Model for Distribution of OSS ......................................................................... 91 2.2.15 OSS Project Assessment ................................................................................................... 92 2.2.16 Library Doesn’t Use OSS ................................................................................................. 94 2.2.17 Additional Comments ....................................................................................................... 94 3 Barriers to Initiation of Open Source Software Projects in Libraries .......................... 98 3.1 Abstract .................................................................................................................................... 98 3.2 Motivation ................................................................................................................................ 98 3.3 Methods .................................................................................................................................. 100 3.4 OSS Adoption ......................................................................................................................... 103 3.5 OSS Contribution .................................................................................................................. 106 3.6 OSS Initiation ......................................................................................................................... 107 3.6.1 Perfectionism ....................................................................................................................... 108 3.6.2 Dependency ........................................................................................................................