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Printing: This poster is 48” wide by 36” Unique Properties of the high. It’s designed to be printed on a large-format printer. Verlaunte Hawkins, Timothy Szeltner || Michael Gallagher Washkewicz College of , Cleveland State University Customizing the Content: 1 Abstract 3 Benefits 4 Drawbacks The placeholders in this poster are • Among structures, domes carry the distinction of • Consider the dome in comparison to a rectangular • Domes are unable to be partitioned effectively containing a maximum amount of volume with the structure of equal height: into , and the of the dome may be formatted for you. Type in the minimum amount of material required. Geodesic covered in , limiting privacy placeholders to add text, or click domes are a twentieth century development, in • Geodesic domes are exceedingly strong when which the members of the thin shell forming the considering both vertical and wind load • Numerous seams across the surface of the dome an icon to add a table, chart, dome are equilateral triangles. • 25% greater vertical load capacity present the problem of water and wind leakage; SmartArt graphic, picture or • 34% greater shear load capacity dampness within the dome cannot be removed • This union of the and the triangle produces without some difficulty multimedia file. numerous benefits with regards to strength, • Domes are characterized by their “frequency”, the durability, efficiency, and sustainability of the number of struts between pentagonal sections • Acoustic properties of the dome reflect and To add or remove bullet points structure. However, the original desire for • Increasing the frequency of the dome closer amplify sound inside, further undermining privacy from text, click the Bullets button widespread residential, commercial, and industrial approximates a sphere use was hindered by other practical and aesthetic • Zoning laws may prevent construction in certain on the tab. considerations areas, limiting geodesic domes to site specific functions, instead of being multifunctional If you need more placeholders for

titles, content or body text, make 2 Background a copy of what you need and drag

it into place. PowerPoint’s Smart ● Pattern of pyramids projected off platonic Guides will help you align it with ● Pattern is commonly projected off icosahedron Frequency (ν) 3 and 2 geodesic domes (Ziptie Domes) everything else. • The closer the dome approximates a sphere, the ● geodesic domes are created from a polyhedron better the volume to surface area ratio with a rounded surface 5 Conclusion Want to use your own pictures • 30% improvement for v > 2 ● Members are in tension, and compression, instead • Requires less material to construct than instead of ours? No problem! Just • The need for domes grew out of postwar of compression exclusively traditional structures population pressures, and access to a variety of click a picture, press the Delete new materials and construction techniques • Spherical shape and low surface area increase key, then click the icon to add your energy efficiency significantly • Traditional structures remained ubiquitous due to • Natural convection heat to circulate, picture. political, construction, and privacy concerns maintaining a constant temperature

• Up to 30% energy savings for heating and • Exploding populations and new technologies may cooling improve the viability of geodesic domes in • Maximum light and energy absorption residential and institutional settings in the future

• Most earthquake 6 Works Cited resistant structure available Tarnai, T. (2011). Geodesic Domes: Natural and Man-Made. International Journal Of Space Structures, 26(3), 215-228. • Without the use of Haghnazar, R., Nooshin, H., & Golabchi, M. (2014). Improving the Regularity of Geodesic Domes Using the vertical supports Concept of Stepping Projection. International Journal Of Space Structures, 29(2), 81-96.

Yang, H., Hao, K., & Ding, Y. (2018). Semantic Segmentation of Human Model Using Heat Kernel and reducing volume Geodesic . Mathematical Problems In Engineering, 1-13

R. , (Artist), American, 1895-1983. (Model date: 1952). Geodesic Dome. [Architectural (Biodomes.eu) Models].