DOCSLIB.ORG

DNA Fingerprinting Analysis of Petromyces Alliaceus (Aspergillus Section Flavi)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

276 1039 DNA fingerprinting analysis of Petromyces alliaceus (Aspergillus section Flavi) Cesaria E. McAlpin and Donald T. Wicklow Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of the Aspergillus flavus pAF28 DA probe to pro­ duce DA fingerprints for distinguishing among genotypes of Petromyces alliaceus (Aspergillus section Flavi), a fun­ gus considered responsible for the ochratoxin A contamination that is occasionally observed in California fig orchards. P alliaceus (14 isolates), Petromyces albertensis (one isolate), and seven species of Aspergillus section Circumdati (14 isolates) were analyzed by DA fingerprinting using a repetitive sequence DNA probe pAF28 derived from A. flavus. The presence of hybridization bands with the DA probe and with the P alliaceus or P albertensis genomic DA in­ dicates a close relationship between A. flavus and P alliaceus. Twelve distinct DA fingerprint groups or genotypes were identified among the 15 isolates of Petromyces. Conspecificity of P alliaceus and P albertensis is suggested based on DA fingerprints. Species belonging to Aspergillus section Circumdati hybridized only slightly at the 7.0-kb region with the repetitive DA probe, unlike the highly polymorphic hybridization patterns obtained from P alliaceus and A. jZavus, suggesting very little homology of the probe to Aspergillus section Circumdati genomic DNA. The pAF28 DA probe offers a tool for typing and monitoring specific P alliaceus clonal populations and for estimating the genotypic diversity of P alliaceus in orchards, vineyards, or crop fields. Key words: Aspergillus alliaceus, Circumdati, DNA probe, genotypic diversity, hybridization patterns, ochratoxin, Southern blot. Resume: L'objectif de cette etude etait d'evaluer les capacites d'une sonde d'ADN pAF28, preparee a partir d'Asper­ gillus flavus, a generer des empreintes d' ADN permettant de distinguer les genotypes de Petromyces alliaceus (Asper­ gillus section Flavi), un champignon responsable de la contamination a l'ochratoxine A observee occasionnellement dans les figueries de Californie. Quatorze isolats de P alliaceus, un isolat de Petromyces albertensis et 14 isolats de sept especes d'Aspergillus section Circumdati ont ete analyses par empreinte a I'AD avec la sonde d'AD compre­ nant la sequence repetee de pAF28 derivee de A. flavus. La presence de bandes lors de l'hybridation de I' AD de la sonde avec I' AD genomique de P alliaceus ou P albertensis indique que A. jZavus et P alliaceus sont etroitement re­ lies. Douze groupes d'empreintes d' AD ou de genotypes distincts ont ete identifies parmi les 15 isolats de Petromy­ ces. La conspecificite de P alliaceus et P albertensis est suggeree par les empreintes a l' AD . Les especes appartenant a la section Circumdati d'Aspergillus s'hybrident faiblement avec la sonde repetitive d' AD dans une re­ gion de 7,0 kb, contrairement a P alliaceus et A. flavus qui generent des partons d'hybridation hautement polymor­ phes, suggerant qu'il existe peu d'homologie entre la sonde et I'AD genomique d'Aspergillus section Circumdati. La sonde d' ADN pAF28 offre un outil permettant Ie typage et la surveillance de populations clonales specifiques de P al­ liaceus ainsi que l'estimation de la diversite genotypique de P alliaceus dans les vergers, les vignobles ou les champs. Mots efes : Aspergillus alliaceus, Circumdati, sonde d' AD ,diversite genotypique, patrons d'hybridation, ochratoxine, buvardage par Southern. [Traduit par la Redaction] Introduction for several months, may contain one to several thin-walled, nonostiolate ascocarps containing asci with ascospores (Raper Petromyces alliaceus Malloch and Cain (anamorph: Asper­ and Fennell 1965; Malloch and Cain 1972). Aspergillus gillus alliaceus Thorn and Church) is characterized by colo­ alliaceus has been classified in the Aspergillus wentii group nies forming upright, ovate to ellipsoidal, gray-black (Thorn and Raper 1945; Kozakiewicz 1989), the Aspergillus sclerenchymatous stromata, which after developing slowly ochraceus group (Raper an Fennell 1965), and Aspergillus section Circumdati (Gams et al. 1985). Peterson (1995) was the first to show that P. alliaceus NRRL 4181 belongs in Received 16 December 2004. Revision received 2 August 2005. Accepted 16 August 2005. Published on the NRC Research Aspergillus section Flavi because the large subunit (lsu) ri­ Press Web site at http://cjm.nrc.ca on 6 December 2005. bosomal DA sequence, also reported as the D1-D2 region of 265 rRNA gene, is similar to that of Aspergillus flavus 1 e.E. McAlpin and D.T. Wicklow. Mycotoxin Research Link NRRL 1957. A more comprehensive classification of Unit, USDA, ARS, ational Center for Agricultural Aspergillus sp. based on phylogenetic analysis of lsu rDNA Utilization Research, Peoria, IL 61604, USA. sequences showed that P. alliaceus NRRL 315, NRRL 4181, lCorresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]). RRL 5108; Petromyces albertensis RRL 20602; and Can. J. Microbial. 51: 1039-1044 (2005) dai: 10.1 139/W05-097 © 2005 RC Canada 1040 Can. J. Microbial. Vol. 51, 2005 Aspergillus lanosus Kamal & Bhargava NRRL 3648 have helm, Aspergillus ostianus Wehmer, Aspergillus sclero­ identical sequences and are grouped as synonymous species tiorum G.A. Huber, and Aspergillus sulphureus (Fresenius) in the phylogram of Aspergillus section Flavi (Peterson 2000). Wehmer). A culture of A..flavus NRRL 19997 was used as a Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data from internal control to demonstrate that the DNA probe pAF28 could hy­ transcribed spacer (ITS) regions using a neighbor-joining bridize successfully. tree grouped P. alliaceus, P. albertensis, and A. lanosus as distinct species within the P. alliaceus clade (Rigo et al. Cultural conditions and DNA extraction 2002), after a majority-rule consensus tree showed P. alliaceus Mycelia of P alliaceus were grown on 200 mL of yeast and P. albertensis to be conspecific (Varga et al. 2000). extract - peptone - dextrose broth (YEPD) in 500 mL Erlen­ There is compelling evidence that A. alliaceus may be re­ meyer flasks using conidial and (or) hyphal suspension sponsible for the ochratoxin A contamination occasionally (approx. 105 CFU/mL) from 5- to 7-day-old cultures, then observed in California figs (Doster et al. 1996; Bayman et incubated at 32 DC for 24 h on a rotary shaker at 200 r/min. al. 2002). Ochratoxin A is an important nephrotoxic and Mycelial mats were collected after filtering through sterile nephrocarcinogenic mycotoxin that is produced by a rela­ Whatman No. 1 filter paper, rinsing twice with sterile dis­ tively small number of species in Aspergillus and tilled water, transferring to a 50 mL Sarstedt tube, freezing Penicillium, including A. alliaceus (Abarca et al. 1994; at -80 DC, and lyophilizing for at least 24 h. Total DNA was Ciegler 1972; Frisvad 1994; Heenan et al. 1998; Hesseltine isolated and purified based on the method of Raeder and et al. 1972; Larsen et al. 2001; Varga et al. 1996; Wicklow et Broda (1985) with modifications as reported by McAlpin al. 1996). The occurrence of ochratoxin A in wine and rai­ and Mannarelli (1995). sins due to the growth of fungi, such as Aspergillus niger V. Tiegh., on grapes (Majerus et a1. 2000) has invited greater DNA fingerprinting attention to the potential for ochratoxin A contamination of Genomic DNA was digested with Pst!, a restriction dried fruits (Gareis 2004). endonuclease from Providencia stuartii (Roche Molecular The pAF28 repetitive sequence DA probe has proven re­ Biochemicals, Indianapolis, Indiana), following the manu­ liable in classifying A. flavus strains according to their previ­ facturer's recommendations. Southern blots were performed ously determined vegetative compatibility group (VCG) by transferring DNA from electrophoresis gels to nylon (McAlpin and Mannarelli 1995; McAlpin et al. 2002). The membranes using a vacuum blotter (Model 785, BioRad probe has also been used to estimate the genotypic diversity Laboratories, Hercules, California). DNA fingerprints were of (i) Aspergillus section Flavi isolates, including A. flavus identified using the DIG Nonradioactive Nucleic Acid La­ and Aspergillus parasiticus Speare populations isolated from beling, Hybridization, and Detection System (Roche Molec­ a corn field in central lllinois (Wicklow et al. 1998; McAlpin ular Biochemicals). X-ray films (Biomax MR, Eastman et al. 1998) and Aspergillus caelatus Horn from peanut field Kodak Imaging Systems, Rochester, New York) were ex­ soil in Atlanta, Georgia (McAlpin et al. 2004), (ii) isolates posed at room temperature for 1-3 h. of Aspergillus bombycis Peterson et a1. from silkworm culti­ vation (Goto et a1. 2003), and (iii) the yellow-green koji DNA fingerprint analyses molds Aspergillus oryzae (Ahlburg) Cohn and Aspergillus The absence or presence of fragments at specific positions sojae Sakaguchi & Yamada used in traditional Oriental food based on the molecular weights of the DA hybridization fermentations (Wicklow et a1. 2002). The probe has also bands were observed. Banding profiles of the different been used to type clinical isolates of A. flavus from human strains were compared and similarity was calculated using sources (James et al. 2000). The goal of this study was to the Dice coefficient, following the TSYS Numerical Tax­ evaluate the ability of A. flavus pAF28 DNA probe to pro­ onomy and Multivariate Analysis (Rohlf 1997). The similar­ duce DNA fingerprints for distinguishing among genotypes ity matrix was obtained and cluster analysis was made with of
Recommended publications
  • “La Uva” (Sinaloa) Con Vegetación De Selva

    “La Uva” (Sinaloa) Con Vegetación De Selva

    INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL CENTRO INTERDISCIPLINARIO DE INVESTIGACIÓN PARA EL DESARROLLO INTEGRAL REGIONAL UNIDAD SINALOA Biodiversidad de la microbiota rizosférica de dos especies solanáceas: Solanum lycopersicon, L. y Datura spp. (tomate y toloache) TESIS QUE PARA OBTENER EL GRADO DE MAESTRÍA EN RECURSOS NATURALES Y MEDIO AMBIENTE PRESENTA RAQUEL LÓPEZ RIVERA GUASAVE, SINALOA, MÉXICO. DICIEMBRE DE 2011. Agradecimientos a proyectos El trabajo de tesis se desarrolló en el lanoratoriao de Ecología Molecular de la Rizosfera en el Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola del Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional (CIIDIR) Unidad Sinaloa del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN) bajo la dirección del Dr. Ignacio Eduardo Maldonado Mendoza, E-mail: [email protected], domicilio laboral: Boulevard Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes, No. 250 CP: 81100, Colonia: San Joachin, Ciudad: Guasave, Sinaloa, Fax: 01(687)8729625, Teléfono: 01(687)8729626. El presente trabajo fue apoyado económicamente a través del CONABIO (Con número de registro GE019). El alumno/a Raquel López Rivera fue apoyado con una beca CONACYT con clave 332252. AGRADECIMIENTOS A Dios por estar siempre a mi lado y darme la fuerza necesaria para seguir adelante y llegar a este momento de mi vida. A mis padres Roberto y Tomasa por darme la vida y enseñarme a vivirla, por todo el apoyo que me han brindado y por los consejos que me han guiado por el camino correcto. A mis hermanos Miriam, Miguel y Roberto que siempre han estado conmigo apoyándome de una u otra manera y en especial a mi hermana Carolina†, a pesar del tiempo te sigo extrañando. A mi director de tesis el Dr.
  • Distribution of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases in Fungi and Conservation of the Free- 2 Methionine-R-Sulfoxide Reductase in Multicellular Eukaryotes

    Distribution of Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases in Fungi and Conservation of the Free- 2 Methionine-R-Sulfoxide Reductase in Multicellular Eukaryotes

    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.26.433065; this version posted February 27, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Distribution of methionine sulfoxide reductases in fungi and conservation of the free- 2 methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase in multicellular eukaryotes 3 4 Hayat Hage1, Marie-Noëlle Rosso1, Lionel Tarrago1,* 5 6 From: 1Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, UMR1163, INRAE, Aix Marseille Université, 7 Marseille, France. 8 *Correspondence: Lionel Tarrago ([email protected]) 9 10 Running title: Methionine sulfoxide reductases in fungi 11 12 Keywords: fungi, genome, horizontal gene transfer, methionine sulfoxide, methionine sulfoxide 13 reductase, protein oxidation, thiol oxidoreductase. 14 15 Highlights: 16 • Free and protein-bound methionine can be oxidized into methionine sulfoxide (MetO). 17 • Methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr) reduce MetO in most organisms. 18 • Sequence characterization and phylogenomics revealed strong conservation of Msr in fungi. 19 • fRMsr is widely conserved in unicellular and multicellular fungi. 20 • Some msr genes were acquired from bacteria via horizontal gene transfers. 21 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.26.433065; this version posted February 27, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
  • Aspergillus Penicillioides Speg. Implicated in Keratomycosis

    Aspergillus Penicillioides Speg. Implicated in Keratomycosis

    Polish Journal of Microbiology ORIGINAL PAPER 2018, Vol. 67, No 4, 407–416 https://doi.org/10.21307/pjm-2018-049 Aspergillus penicillioides Speg. Implicated in Keratomycosis EULALIA MACHOWICZ-MATEJKO1, AGNIESZKA FURMAŃCZYK2 and EWA DOROTA ZALEWSKA2* 1 Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland 2 Department of Plant Pathology and Mycology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Submitted 9 November 2017, revised 6 March 2018, accepted 28 June 2018 Abstract The aim of the study was mycological examination of ulcerated corneal tissues from an ophthalmic patient. Tissue fragments were analyzed on potato-glucose agar (PDA) and maltose (MA) (Difco) media using standard laboratory techniques. Cultures were identified using classi- cal and molecular methods. Macro- and microscopic colony morphology was characteristic of fungi from the genus Aspergillus (restricted growth series), most probably Aspergillus penicillioides Speg. Molecular analysis of the following rDNA regions: ITS1, ITS2, 5.8S, 28S rDNA, LSU and β-tubulin were carried out for the isolates studied. A high level of similarity was found between sequences from certain rDNA regions, i.e. ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and LSU, what confirmed the classification of the isolates to the species A. penicillioides. The classification of our isolates to A. penicillioides species was confirmed also by the phylogenetic analysis. K e y w o r d s: Aspergillus penicillioides, morphology, genetic characteristic, cornea Introduction fibrosis has already been reported (Bossche et al. 1988; Sandhu et al. 1995; Hamilos 2010; Gupta et al. 2015; Fungi from the genus Aspergillus are anamorphic Walicka-Szyszko and Sands 2015).
  • Molecular Identification of Fungi

    Molecular Identification of Fungi

    Molecular Identification of Fungi Youssuf Gherbawy l Kerstin Voigt Editors Molecular Identification of Fungi Editors Prof. Dr. Youssuf Gherbawy Dr. Kerstin Voigt South Valley University University of Jena Faculty of Science School of Biology and Pharmacy Department of Botany Institute of Microbiology 83523 Qena, Egypt Neugasse 25 [email protected] 07743 Jena, Germany [email protected] ISBN 978-3-642-05041-1 e-ISBN 978-3-642-05042-8 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-05042-8 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009938949 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: WMXDesign GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany, kindly supported by ‘leopardy.com’ Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Dedicated to Prof. Lajos Ferenczy (1930–2004) microbiologist, mycologist and member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, one of the most outstanding Hungarian biologists of the twentieth century Preface Fungi comprise a vast variety of microorganisms and are numerically among the most abundant eukaryotes on Earth’s biosphere.
  • Lists of Names in Aspergillus and Teleomorphs As Proposed by Pitt and Taylor, Mycologia, 106: 1051-1062, 2014 (Doi: 10.3852/14-0

    Lists of Names in Aspergillus and Teleomorphs As Proposed by Pitt and Taylor, Mycologia, 106: 1051-1062, 2014 (Doi: 10.3852/14-0

    Lists of names in Aspergillus and teleomorphs as proposed by Pitt and Taylor, Mycologia, 106: 1051-1062, 2014 (doi: 10.3852/14-060), based on retypification of Aspergillus with A. niger as type species John I. Pitt and John W. Taylor, CSIRO Food and Nutrition, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia and Dept of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102, USA Preamble The lists below set out the nomenclature of Aspergillus and its teleomorphs as they would become on acceptance of a proposal published by Pitt and Taylor (2014) to change the type species of Aspergillus from A. glaucus to A. niger. The central points of the proposal by Pitt and Taylor (2014) are that retypification of Aspergillus on A. niger will make the classification of fungi with Aspergillus anamorphs: i) reflect the great phenotypic diversity in sexual morphology, physiology and ecology of the clades whose species have Aspergillus anamorphs; ii) respect the phylogenetic relationship of these clades to each other and to Penicillium; and iii) preserve the name Aspergillus for the clade that contains the greatest number of economically important species. Specifically, of the 11 teleomorph genera associated with Aspergillus anamorphs, the proposal of Pitt and Taylor (2014) maintains the three major teleomorph genera – Eurotium, Neosartorya and Emericella – together with Chaetosartorya, Hemicarpenteles, Sclerocleista and Warcupiella. Aspergillus is maintained for the important species used industrially and for manufacture of fermented foods, together with all species producing major mycotoxins. The teleomorph genera Fennellia, Petromyces, Neocarpenteles and Neopetromyces are synonymised with Aspergillus. The lists below are based on the List of “Names in Current Use” developed by Pitt and Samson (1993) and those listed in MycoBank (www.MycoBank.org), plus extensive scrutiny of papers publishing new species of Aspergillus and associated teleomorph genera as collected in Index of Fungi (1992-2104).
  • Haloalkalitolerant and Haloalkaliphilic Fungal Diversity of Acıgöl/Turkey

    Haloalkalitolerant and Haloalkaliphilic Fungal Diversity of Acıgöl/Turkey

    MANTAR DERGİSİ/The Journal of Fungus Nisan(2021)12(1)33-41 Geliş(Recevied) :07.12.2020 Research Article Kabul(Accepted) :10.01.2021 Doi: 10.30708.mantar.836325 Haloalkalitolerant and Haloalkaliphilic Fungal Diversity of Acıgöl/Turkey Fatma AYVA1, Rasime DEMİREL2*, Semra ILHAN3, Lira USAKBEK KYZY4, Uğur ÇİĞDEM5, Niyazi Can ZORLUER6, Emine IRDEM5, Ercan ÖZBİÇEN4, Esma OCAK5, Gamze TUNCA4 * Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] 1 Eskisehir Technical University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey Orcid ID: 0000-0002-7072-2928/ [email protected] 2 Eskisehir Technical University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey Orcid ID: 0000-0001-8512-1597/ [email protected] 3 Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Biology, TR- 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey Orcid ID: 0000-0002-3787-2449/ [email protected] 4 Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biology, TR-26040, Eskisehir, Turkey Orcid ID: 0000-0002-9424-4473/ [email protected] Orcid ID: 0000-0001-5646-6115/ ercanozbı[email protected] Orcid ID: 0000-0002-4126-8340/ [email protected] 5 Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biotechnology and Biosafety, TR-26040, Eskisehir, Turkey Orcid ID: 0000-0003-4790-494X/ [email protected] Orcid ID: 0000-0002-2955-298X/ [email protected] Orcid ID: 0000-0002-9085-4151/ [email protected] 6 Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Science and Letters, Programme of Biology, TR- 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey Orcid ID: 0000-0002-2394-2194/ [email protected] Abstract: Microfungi are the most common microorganisms found in range from environment.
  • A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For

    A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For

    i Screening of Soil Fungi from Plant Genetic Conservation Project Area, Rajjaprabha Dam, Suratthani Province which Produced Antimicrobial Substances Kawitsara Borwornwiriyapan A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Microbiology Prince of Songkla University 2013 Copyright of Prince of Songkla University ii Thesis Title Screening of Soil Fungi from Plant Genetic Conservation Project Area, Rajjaprabha Dam, Suratthani Province which Produced Antimicrobial Substances Author Miss Kawitsara Borwornwiriyapan Major Program Master of Science in Microbiology Major Advisor: Examining Committee: ………………………………………… ..……………………………Chairperson (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Souwalak Phongpaichit) (Asst. Prof. Dr. Youwalak Dissara) Co-advisor: ............................................................... (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Souwalak Phongpaichit) ………………………………………… ………………………………………… (Dr. Jariya Sakayaroj) (Dr. Jariya Sakayaroj) ………………………………………….. (Dr. Pawika Boonyapipat) The Graduate School, Prince of Songkla University, has approved this thesis as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Microbiology. ………………………………….. (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Teerapol Srichana) Dean of Graduate School iii This is to certify that the work here submitted is the result of the candidate’s own investigations. Due acknowledgement has been made of any assistance received. ...………………………………Signature (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Souwalak Phongpaichit) Major advisor ...………………………………Signature (Miss Kawitsara Borwornwiriyapan)
  • Corrigiendo Tesis Doctorado Paloma Casas Junco

    Corrigiendo Tesis Doctorado Paloma Casas Junco

    TECNOLÓGICO NACIONAL DE MÉXICO Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic EFECTO DE PLASMA FRÍO EN LA REDUCCIÓN DE OCRATOXINA A EN CAFÉ DE NAYARIT (MÉXICO) TESIS Por: MCA. PALOMA PATRICIA CASAS JUNCO DOCTORADO EN CIENCIAS EN ALIMENTOS Director: Dra. Montserrat Calderón Santoyo Co - director: Dr. Juan Arturo Ragazzo Sánchez Tepic, Nayarit Febrero 2018 RESUMEN Casas-Junco, Paloma Patricia. DCA. Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic. Febrero de 2018. Efecto de plasma frío en la reducción de ocratoxina A en café de Nayarit (México). Directora: Montserrat Calderón Santoyo. La ocratoxina A (OTA) se considera uno de los principales problemas emergentes en la industria del café, dado que el proceso de tostado no asegura su destrucción total. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las especies fúngicas productoras de OTA en café tostado de Nayarit, así como evaluar el efecto de plasma frío en la inhibición de esporas de hongos micotoxigénicos, detoxificación de OTA, así como en algunos parámetros de calidad del café. Se aislaron e identificaron hongos micotoxigénicos mediante claves dicotómicas, después se analizó la producción de OTA y aflatoxinas (AFB1, AFB2, AFG2, AFG1) por HPLC con detector de fluorescencia. Las cepas productoras de toxinas se identificaron por PCR utilizando los primers ITS1 e ITS4. Después se aplicó plasma frío en muestras de café tostado inoculadas con hongos micotoxigénicos (A. westerdijikiae, A. steynii, A. niger y A. versicolor) a diferentes tiempos 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 y 18 min, con una potencia de entrada 30 W y un voltaje de salida de 850 voltios y helio publicitario (1.5 L/min).
  • A Worldwide List of Endophytic Fungi with Notes on Ecology and Diversity

    A Worldwide List of Endophytic Fungi with Notes on Ecology and Diversity

    Mycosphere 10(1): 798–1079 (2019) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/19 A worldwide list of endophytic fungi with notes on ecology and diversity Rashmi M, Kushveer JS and Sarma VV* Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Pondicherry 605014, Puducherry, India Rashmi M, Kushveer JS, Sarma VV 2019 – A worldwide list of endophytic fungi with notes on ecology and diversity. Mycosphere 10(1), 798–1079, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/19 Abstract Endophytic fungi are symptomless internal inhabits of plant tissues. They are implicated in the production of antibiotic and other compounds of therapeutic importance. Ecologically they provide several benefits to plants, including protection from plant pathogens. There have been numerous studies on the biodiversity and ecology of endophytic fungi. Some taxa dominate and occur frequently when compared to others due to adaptations or capabilities to produce different primary and secondary metabolites. It is therefore of interest to examine different fungal species and major taxonomic groups to which these fungi belong for bioactive compound production. In the present paper a list of endophytes based on the available literature is reported. More than 800 genera have been reported worldwide. Dominant genera are Alternaria, Aspergillus, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Phoma. Most endophyte studies have been on angiosperms followed by gymnosperms. Among the different substrates, leaf endophytes have been studied and analyzed in more detail when compared to other parts. Most investigations are from Asian countries such as China, India, European countries such as Germany, Spain and the UK in addition to major contributions from Brazil and the USA.
  • Caractérisation Et Identification Des Champignons Filamenteux Par Spectroscopie Vibrationnelle

    Caractérisation Et Identification Des Champignons Filamenteux Par Spectroscopie Vibrationnelle

    Année 2013 N° UNIVERSITE DE REIMS CHAMPAGNE-ARDENNE ECOLE DOCTORALE SCIENCES TECHNOLOGIE SANTE THESE Présentée pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITE DE REIMS CHAMPAGNE-ARDENNE Discipline : Biologie-Biophysique Soutenue publiquement le 02/12/2013 Par Aurélie LECELLIER Née le 18 mars 1983 à Issy les Moulineaux Titre : Caractérisation et identification des champignons filamenteux par spectroscopie vibrationnelle JURY Président : Dr. Jérôme MOUNIER (Brest, France) Rapporteurs : Pr. Boualem SENDID (Lille, France) Pr. Olivier SIRE (Vannes, France) Examinateurs : Dr. Wilfried ABLAIN (Rennes, France) Dr. Caroline AMIEL (Caen, France) Pr. Michel MANFAIT (Reims, France) Directeurs de thèse : Pr. Ganesh SOCKALINGUM (Reims, France) Dr. Dominique TOUBAS (Reims, France) « Le rôle de l’infiniment petit est infiniment grand. » Louis Pasteur Remerciements Remerciements A Messieurs le Professeur Michel Manfait et le Professeur Olivier Piot, Je vous remercie sincèrement pour m’avoir accueillie et pour m’avoir permis de réaliser ce travail au sein de votre unité que vous avez dirigée successivement lors de ces trois années de thèse. Je vous suis très reconnaissante pour m’avoir donné l’occasion de présenter mon travail dans des congrès nationaux et internationaux. A Monsieur le Professeur Boualem Sendid, Je vous suis très reconnaissante d’avoir accepté d’être rapporteur de cette thèse, je vous remercie pour votre participation au Jury de soutenance et pour l’intérêt que vous avez porté à mon travail. A Monsieur le Professeur Olivier Sire, Je vous suis très reconnaissante d’avoir accepté d’être rapporteur de cette thèse, je vous remercie pour votre participation au Jury de soutenance et pour l’intérêt que vous avez porté à mon travail.
  • Plant Biomass-Acting Enzymes Produced by the Ascomycete Fungi Penicillium Subrubescens and Aspergillus Niger and Their Potential in Biotechnological Applications

    Plant Biomass-Acting Enzymes Produced by the Ascomycete Fungi Penicillium Subrubescens and Aspergillus Niger and Their Potential in Biotechnological Applications

    Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology Department of Food and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry University of Helsinki Plant biomass-acting enzymes produced by the ascomycete fungi Penicillium subrubescens and Aspergillus niger and their potential in biotechnological applications Sadegh Mansouri Doctoral Programme in Microbiology and Biotechnology ACADEMIC DISSERTATION To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry of the University of Helsinki, for public examination in leture room B6, Latokartanonkaari 7, on October 27th 2017 at 12 o’clock noon. Helsinki 2017 Supervisors: Docent Kristiina S. Hildén Department of Food and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki, Finland Docent Miia R. Mäkelä Department of Food and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki, Finland Docent Pauliina Lankinen Department of Food and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki, Finland Professor Annele Hatakka Department of Food and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki, Finland Pre-examiners: Dr. Antti Nyyssölä VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland Dr. Kaisa Marjamaa VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland Opponent: Professor Martin Romantschuk Department of Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki, Finland Custos: Professor Maija Tenkanen Department of Food and Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki, Finland Dissertationes Schola Doctoralis Scientiae Circumiectalis, Alimentariae, Biologicae Cover: Penicillium subrubescens FBCC1632 on minimal medium amended with (upper row left to right) apple pectin, inulin, wheat bran, sugar beet pulp, (lower row left to right) citrus pulp, soybean hulls, cotton seed pulp or alfalfa meal (photos: Ronald de Vries). ISSN 2342-5423 (print) ISSN 2342-5431 (online) ISBN 978-951-51-3700-5 (paperback) ISBN 978-951-51-3701-2 (PDF) Unigrafia Helsinki 2017 Dedicated to my sweetheart wife and daughter Abstract Plant biomass contains complex polysaccharides that can be divided into structural and storage polysaccharides.
  • Species Diversity and Secondary Metabolites of Sarcophyton-Associated Marine Fungi

    Species Diversity and Secondary Metabolites of Sarcophyton-Associated Marine Fungi

    molecules Review Species Diversity and Secondary Metabolites of Sarcophyton-Associated Marine Fungi Yuanwei Liu 1, Kishneth Palaniveloo 1,* , Siti Aisyah Alias 1 and Jaya Seelan Sathiya Seelan 2,* 1 Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies Building, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; [email protected] (Y.L.); [email protected] (S.A.A.) 2 Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia * Correspondence: [email protected] (K.P.); [email protected] (J.S.S.S.); Tel.: +60-13-878-9630 (K.P.); +60-13-555-6432 (J.S.S.S.) Abstract: Soft corals are widely distributed across the globe, especially in the Indo-Pacific region, with Sarcophyton being one of the most abundant genera. To date, there have been 50 species of identified Sarcophyton. These soft corals host a diverse range of marine fungi, which produce chemically diverse, bioactive secondary metabolites as part of their symbiotic nature with the soft coral hosts. The most prolific groups of compounds are terpenoids and indole alkaloids. Annually, there are more bio-active compounds being isolated and characterised. Thus, the importance of the metabolite compilation is very much important for future reference. This paper compiles the diversity of Sarcophyton species and metabolites produced by their associated marine fungi, as well as the bioactivity of these identified compounds. A total of 88 metabolites of structural diversity are highlighted, indicating the huge potential these symbiotic relationships hold for future research. Citation: Liu, Y.; Palaniveloo, K.; Keywords: octocoral; marine fungi; holobiont; secondary metabolites; diversity Alias, S.A.; Sathiya Seelan, J.S.