Take a Different Look at the Neighbours
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A Day in Luxembourg, LUXEMBOURG
A Day in Luxembourg, LUXEMBOURG Why you should visit Luxembourg Luxembourg is the epitome of “the charming European city” we all grew up imagining. It’s amazingly cosmopolitan but not overwhelming, except for its extremely complex history. Its gorges traverse the city, making it a spectacular three-dimensional city, with lit-up fortifications along the walls of the gorges -- perfect for the historian and the romantic. And the food is a lovely mix of French, German, Italian and of course Luxembourgish. Three things you might be surprised to learn about Luxembourg and the people 1. Luxembourg is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its old quarters and fortifications. 2. General George Patton is buried here 3. Villeroy & Boch ceramics started in Luxembourg Favorite Walks/areas of town Go to the visitors center in Place Guillaume to sign up for any of the many fantastic—and reasonably priced—group or individual walking, biking or driving (even in your own car) historic tours with an official guide. The tours can include visits to: • Historic city center • The Petrusse gorge next to the city center • The historic Grund, down below the city center • Clausen, near the Grund • Petrusse and Bock Casemates Other very good things to do/see • American Military Cemetery, Hamm: A beautiful cemetery with more than 5,000 soldiers, most of whom fell in the Battle of the Bulge of WWII in 1944-45. The cemetery also has an impressive chapel and is the burial place of General George Patton. www.abmc.gov/cemeteries/cemeteries/lx.php • German Military Cemetery, Sandweiler: A short drive from the Hamm cemetery, this cemetery has a much more somber feel to it, containing more than 10,000 German soldiers who perished in the Battle of the Bulge in 1944-45. -
ROMA and LUXEMBOURGERS There Are People Who Love And
ROMA AND LUXEMBOURGERS There are people who love and people who hate Europe. I happen to be a fan. The European Union ended wars, queuing up for the customs and it gave a voice to even the smallest member-states, like Luxemburg with 500.000 residents. Yet millions of other EU citizens have no say in the matter, no Commissioner of their own and no MEPs in Brussels, for the mere reason that they are an ethnic minority, like Roma and Sinti, Europe's largest minority. Why double standards? Is it because Luxembourgers are all white and Roma all dark? They are not. Thousand years ago, Roma left India and went to Russia, Persia, Turkey and Europe. Some intermarried with Jews and other non-Roma, or they lost their tan in Scandinavian countries. Even the Nazis noticed that racial purity is a difficult thing. They decided that 12.5 % of Roma or Jewish blood was enough to be deported. Gadje, non-Roma, also have mixed blood. New archeological findings reveal that only 10 up to 20 % of Europeans descend from the original tribes, the others have DNA from the Middle East or Asia. The major difference between Luxembourgers and Roma does not stem from ethnicity but from something that used to be very important in Europe: borders. Luxembourgers have them, Roma don't. The political relevance of the term "ethnic minority" is rather dubious. It means counting people in, not seldom to count them out. The reunification of Europe has deprived a whole nation from fundamental rights and this mainly happened because the 12 million Roma, present in larger numbers than Belgians, Swedes, Finns, Bulgarians, Czechs, Greeks, Danish, or Luxembourgers, did not live together in their own nation-state. -
Luxembourg Resistance to the German Occupation of the Second World War, 1940-1945
LUXEMBOURG RESISTANCE TO THE GERMAN OCCUPATION OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR, 1940-1945 by Maureen Hubbart A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS Major Subject: History West Texas A&M University Canyon, TX December 2015 ABSTRACT The history of Luxembourg’s resistance against the German occupation of World War II has rarely been addressed in English-language scholarship. Perhaps because of the country’s small size, it is often overlooked in accounts of Western European History. However, Luxembourgers experienced the German occupation in a unique manner, in large part because the Germans considered Luxembourgers to be ethnically and culturally German. The Germans sought to completely Germanize and Nazify the Luxembourg population, giving Luxembourgers many opportunities to resist their oppressors. A study of French, German, and Luxembourgian sources about this topic reveals a people that resisted in active and passive, private and public ways. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Dr. Elizabeth Clark for her guidance in helping me write my thesis and for sharing my passion about the topic of underground resistance. My gratitude also goes to Dr. Brasington for all of his encouragement and his suggestions to improve my writing process. My thanks to the entire faculty in the History Department for their support and encouragement. This thesis is dedicated to my family: Pete and Linda Hubbart who played with and took care of my children for countless hours so that I could finish my degree; my husband who encouraged me and always had a joke ready to help me relax; and my parents and those members of my family living in Europe, whose history kindled my interest in the Luxembourgian resistance. -
Relocation Country Guide: LUXEMBOURG
Relocation Country Guide: LUXEMBOURG January 2018 Relocation and International Assignment Trends and Practices The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a small, landlocked country sandwiched between Belgium, France and Germany. Luxembourg is working hard to be among the top five alternative destinations for potential moves linked to Brexit. In the past year, the government has invested in new local English-speaking schools, increased transportation, and refurbished new areas as alternatives to the locations currently popular with expatriates. Often voted in surveys as one of the world’s most desirable places to live, Luxembourg enjoys an excellent standard of living. Input from Cartus Global Supply Chain and our Destination Services Providers on the ground in Luxembourg points to several key areas of importance to the expatriate community: looking for a rental property, finding a school, transportation, language, cultural issues and climate. These areas are all addressed, with best practice recommendations, to help HR/mobility managers as they consider policies for their assignees. February 2018 Relocation Country Guide: LUXEMBOURG RENTAL MARKET The rental market in Luxembourg is a landlord’s market. Furnished apartments are low in availability, as are three- four bedroom unfurnished apartments, while one-two bedroom apartments are easier to source. One-two bedroom houses, whether terraced, semi-detached or free standing, are typically limited, while those with at least three bedrooms have greater availability. All houses in gated compounds are in short supply. For many years, demand has outstripped supply, therefore, decisions need to be made very fast and no rent concessions can be negotiated. While the demand for property over the past 12 months has increased, as you would expect, vacancy rates have decreased. -
Verloren Vertrouwen
ANNE BOs Verloren vertrouwen Afgetreden ministers en staatssecretarissen 1967-2002 Boom – Amsterdam Verloren vertrouwen Afgetreden ministers en staatssecretarissen 1967-2002 Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen op gezag van de rector magnificus prof. dr. J.H.J.M. van Krieken, volgens het besluit van het college van decanen in het openbaar te verdedigen op woensdag 28 maart 2018 om 14.30 uur precies door Anne Sarah Bos geboren op 25 februari 1977 te Gouda INHOUD INLEIdINg 13 Vraagstelling en benadering 14 Periodisering en afbakening 20 Bronnen 22 Opbouw 23 dEEL I gEïsOLEERd gERAAkT. AftredEN vanwegE EEN cONfLIcT IN hET kABINET 27 hOOfdsTUk 1 dE val van mINIsTER dE Block, ‘hET mEEsT gEgEsELdE werkpAARd’ VAN hET kABINET-dE JONg (1970) 29 ‘Koop prijsbewust, betaal niet klakkeloos te veel’ 32 ‘Prijzenminister’ De Block op het rooster van de oppositie 34 Ondanks prijsstop een motie van wantrouwen 37 ‘Voelt u zich een zwak minister?’ 41 De kwestie-Verolme: een zinkend scheepsbouwconcern 43 De fusie-motie: De Block ‘zwaar gegriefd’ 45 De Loonwet en de cao-grootmetaal 48 Tot slot. ‘Ik was geen “grote” figuur in de ministerraad’ 53 hOOfdsTUk 2 hET AftredEN van ‘IJzEREN AdRIAAN’ van Es, staatssEcretaris van dEfENsIE (1972) 57 De indeling van de krijgsmacht. Horizontaal of verticaal? 58 Minister De Koster en de commissie-Van Rijckevorsel 59 Van Es stapt op 62 Tot slot. Een rechtlijnige militair tegenover een flexibele zakenman 67 hOOfdsTUk 3 sTAATssEcretaris JAN GlasTRA van LOON EN dE VUILE was Op JUsTITIE (1975) 69 Met Mulder, de ‘ijzeren kanselier’, op Justitie 71 ‘Ik knap de vuile was op van anderen’ 73 Gepolariseerde reacties 79 In vergelijkbare gevallen gelijk behandelen? Vredeling en Glastra van Loon 82 Tot slot. -
Inauguration De L'ambassade Du Luxembourg Au Brésil Par S.E.M
Luxembourg, le 2 mars 2018 Inauguration de l’Ambassade du Luxembourg au Brésil par S.E.M. Jean Asselborn, Ministre des Affaires étrangères et européennes Discours Dear Under-Secretary-General, Ambassador Magalhães, Thank you for your warm words. Excellencies, Ladies and gentlemen, dear guests, Boa tarde senhoras e senhores, é um imenso prazer estar aqui hoje! Dear Luxembourgers and Brazilians, I am delighted to be here in Brasilia today, to inaugurate the Embassy of Luxembourg together with Ambassador Magalhães, representing the Itamaraty, in the presence of so many distinguished guests. I would especially like to welcome Ms. Márcia Rollemberg, the first lady of the Federal District and spouse of the Governor of the Federal District, as well as my friend the Head of the EU Delegation, Ambassador João Gomes Cravinho, who was a good colleague in the Council of the European Union from 2005 to 2011, and whom I also met during my last visit to India in 2015. I welcome all the Ambassadors and representatives of the diplomatic community present here today. 1 Today, we mark a historic moment in the relationship between Luxembourg and Brazil. This Embassy is the first Embassy of Luxembourg with a resident Ambassador in Latin America, and the first Embassy of Luxembourg in South America, which speaks to the importance and value we attach to our relations with Brazil. Indeed, we are not gathered here simply to celebrate the opening of a building. Rather, this building represents the solid and strong relationship between our two nations. Our diplomatic ties were formally established in 1911, and our history is rich in bilateral contacts. -
Supranational Agency and Indirect Governance After The
SUPRANATIONAL AGENCY AND INDIRECT GOVERNANCE AFTER THE EURO CRISIS: ESM, ECB, EMEF AND EFB Tobias Tesche [email protected] European University Institute, Department of Political and Social Sciences Badia Fiesolana - Via dei Roccettini 9, I-50014 San Domenico di Fiesole (FI) – Italy ABSTRACT This article categorizes newly created and proposed Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) institutions according to a new typology that broadens the well-established agent-trustee distinction to include cooptation and orchestration as two additional modes of indirect governance. Four empirical cases from the realm of EMU governance are discussed, i.e. the European Stability Mechanism (ESM), the European Central Bank (ECB), the proposed European Minister of Economics and Finance (EMEF) and the European Fiscal Board (EFB). Empirically, it shows that supranational actors like the European Commission can bypass states through enlisting existing authority to deepen European integration. KEY WORDS European integration, Supranationalism, Orchestration, indirect governance, Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) 1. INTRODUCTION The euro area crisis has led to the creation of new institutions like the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) (Gocaj and Meunier 2013; Jones, Kelemen, and Meunier 2016; Ban and Seabrooke 2017; Seikel 2018) and the empowerment of existing ones like the European Central Bank (ECB) that took over the responsibility for micro-prudential supervision of large banks (Howarth and Quaglia 2013; Epstein and Rhodes 2016; De Rynck 2016). Remarkable about this institutional change is that it played out against the backdrop of member states’ unwillingness to delegate more sovereign competences to the 1 European level due to increasingly eurosceptic mass publics (Hooghe and Marks 2009; Genschel and Jachtenfuchs 2016). -
Centrifugal Forces in a Hegemonic Environment: the Rise of Small-State Coalitions in the Economic and Monetary Union
European Political Science Review (2021), 1–17 doi:10.1017/S1755773921000254 RESEARCH ARTICLE Centrifugal forces in a hegemonic environment: the rise of small-state coalitions in the Economic and Monetary Union Magnus G. Schoeller Department of Political Science, Centre for European Integration Research (EIF), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria E-mail: [email protected] (Received 23 March 2021; revised 29 May 2021; accepted 07 July 2021) Abstract A hegemonic power can guarantee the status quo in an international economic system. However, domestic or international changes may unsettle a hegemon’s priorities. In such phases, smaller states benefiting from the existing system may fear that the hegemon will fail to keep the system stable. How do they react if they lose trust in the hegemon’s ability or will to maintain the status quo? This article argues that in such cases, free riding becomes less rewarding. Therefore, smaller states build publicly visible coalitions to ‘voice’ their preferences. Applying this argument to the role of small ‘creditor states’ in the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), the article draws on original in-depth interviews to analyze the ‘New Hanseatic League’ as a strategy to defend the present euro regime and counterbalance the Franco–German tandem. By elaborating and tracing a fine-grained causal mechanism, the article thus explains the emergence of vocal small-state coalitions in a hegemonic environment. Keywords: Economic and Monetary Union; Germany; hegemony; New Hanseatic League; small states Introduction Research on hegemony in international relations has argued that a hegemonic power can guarantee the stability of an international economic system. -
(Re)Distribution of Cultural Capital
International Journal of Communication 15(2021), 2335–2354 1932–8036/20210005 Mass Media and the Attraction of the Arts in Small-Size Global Cities: The (Re)Distribution of Cultural Capital CHRISTIAN LAMOUR1 NATHALIE LORENTZ Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Luxembourg Global cities have developed ambitious cultural policies to attract a qualified workforce, expecting a range of artistic amenities addressed to their social class. In parallel, the mass media have always been considered a key intermediary between the producers and consumers of cultural practices. However, what is the link between the use of mass media and the arts-led practices in small-size global cities? Current research based on the Bourdieusian concept of cultural capital shows that both practices are correlated and reveal a cultural distinction of a “two-headed” elite from other social groups. Luxembourg, a small, urbanized country is used as a case study to investigate the cultural distinction of the elites in this type of global city. Keywords: mass media, global cities, cultural capital, performing arts, museum, mobility Most cities have become global due to their integration into international urban networks. Global cities are also locations characterized by an artistic life and mass media considered strategic by growth coalitions to attract the qualified work force (Lamour, 2018; Whitt & Lammers, 1991). It is also important to add that the promotion of arts venues and performances has traditionally been based on the existence of mass media playing the role of intermediaries between the producers and consumers of performing arts. The use of mass media is incorporated in broader social routines (Couldry, 2004; Dickinson & Aiello, 2016; Georgiou, 2013; Lamour, 2019; Tosoni & Ridell, 2016). -
Belgium-Luxembourg-7-Preview.Pdf
©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd Belgium & Luxembourg Bruges, Ghent & Antwerp & Northwest Belgium Northeast Belgium p83 p142 #_ Brussels p34 Wallonia p183 Luxembourg p243 #_ Mark Elliott, Catherine Le Nevez, Helena Smith, Regis St Louis, Benedict Walker PLAN YOUR TRIP ON THE ROAD Welcome to BRUSSELS . 34 ANTWERP Belgium & Luxembourg . 4 Sights . 38 & NORTHEAST Belgium & Luxembourg Tours . .. 60 BELGIUM . 142 Map . 6 Sleeping . 62 Antwerp (Antwerpen) . 144 Belgium & Luxembourg’s Eating . 65 Top 15 . 8 Around Antwerp . 164 Drinking & Nightlife . 71 Westmalle . 164 Need to Know . 16 Entertainment . 76 Turnhout . 165 First Time Shopping . 78 Lier . 167 Belgium & Luxembourg . .. 18 Information . 80 Mechelen . 168 If You Like . 20 Getting There & Away . 81 Leuven . 174 Getting Around . 81 Month by Month . 22 Hageland . 179 Itineraries . 26 Diest . 179 BRUGES, GHENT Hasselt . 179 Travel with Children . 29 & NORTHWEST Haspengouw . 180 Regions at a Glance . .. 31 BELGIUM . 83 Tienen . 180 Bruges . 85 Zoutleeuw . 180 Damme . 103 ALEKSEI VELIZHANIN / SHUTTERSTOCK © SHUTTERSTOCK / VELIZHANIN ALEKSEI Sint-Truiden . 180 Belgian Coast . 103 Tongeren . 181 Knokke-Heist . 103 De Haan . 105 Bredene . 106 WALLONIA . 183 Zeebrugge & Western Wallonia . 186 Lissewege . 106 Tournai . 186 Ostend (Oostende) . 106 Pipaix . 190 Nieuwpoort . 111 Aubechies . 190 Oostduinkerke . 111 Ath . 190 De Panne . 112 Lessines . 191 GALERIES ST-HUBERT, Beer Country . 113 Enghien . 191 BRUSSELS P38 Veurne . 113 Mons . 191 Diksmuide . 114 Binche . 195 MISTERVLAD / HUTTERSTOCK © HUTTERSTOCK / MISTERVLAD Poperinge . 114 Nivelles . 196 Ypres (Ieper) . 116 Waterloo Ypres Salient . 120 Battlefield . 197 Kortrijk . 123 Louvain-la-Neuve . 199 Oudenaarde . 125 Charleroi . 199 Geraardsbergen . 127 Thuin . 201 Ghent . 128 Aulne . 201 BRABO FOUNTAIN, ANTWERP P145 Contents UNDERSTAND Belgium & Luxembourg Today . -
New Perspectives Foreword
The future of the EU: new perspectives Foreword Brexit has dominated the media and political landscape of the United Kingdom since the referendum of 2016. One interesting side effect of this has been the way the ropeanEu Union – still the UK’s nearest and largest trading partner – has been discussed solely in terms of its role in the Brexit negotiations. Yet whatever the outcome of these discussions, what the European Union is and does will continue to affect not only its own citizens but also the UK itself. This strikes me as an excellent moment to attempt to focus more directly on the EU itself and understand what is going on within it and how it might develop in the future. We find ourselves early in the EU’s new institutional cycle, with a new cast of EU leaders and a new set of policy priorities. Despite the much-vaunted unity that the 27 have displayed during the Brexit process, conflicts and tensions between member states, as well as between some of them and the EU institutions, persist. There remain fundamental disagreements between member states and institutions on issues like migration and the euro zone, not to mention more existential questions about future integration and the rule of law. Underlying everything are difficult to resolve differences on the balance of burden ring.sha I’m delighted we’ve been able to bring together some of the best young writers and thinkers on the EU to offer their take on the future of the EU’s institutions, its member tessta and its policies. -
Onder Ministers: De Opkomst Van Ambtelijke En Ministeriële Cultuur in Nederland (1795-1919)
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Onder ministers: de opkomst van ambtelijke en ministeriële cultuur in Nederland (1795-1919) Turpijn, J. Publication date 2011 Published in Van Torentje tot Trêveszaal: de geschiedenis van de noordzijde van het Binnenhof Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Turpijn, J. (2011). Onder ministers: de opkomst van ambtelijke en ministeriële cultuur in Nederland (1795-1919). In H. te Velde, & D. Smit (Eds.), Van Torentje tot Trêveszaal: de geschiedenis van de noordzijde van het Binnenhof (pp. 185-207, 393-395, 434). De Nieuwe Haagsche. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:01 Oct 2021 Noten Voorwoord 13 Riding/Riding, The Houses of Parliament, 19, en [auteur?] verscheidene artikelen in dat boek.