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Liberal Arts Science $600 Million in Support of Undergraduate Science Education

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Liberal Arts Science $600 Million in Support of Undergraduate Science Education Janelia Update |||| Roger Tsien |||| Ask a Scientist SUMMER 2004 www.hhmi.org/bulletin LIBERAL ARTS SCIENCE In science and teaching— and preparing future investigators—liberal arts colleges earn an A+. C O N T E N T S Summer 2004 || Volume 17 Number 2 FEATURES 22 10 10 A Wellspring of Scientists [COVER STORY] When it comes to producing science Ph.D.s, liberal arts colleges are at the head of the class. By Christopher Connell 22 Cells Aglow Combining aesthetics with shrewd science, Roger Tsien found a bet- ter way to look at cells—and helped to revolutionize several scientif-ic disciplines. By Diana Steele 28 Night Science Like to take risks and tackle intractable problems? As construction motors on at Janelia Farm, the call is out for venturesome scientists with big research ideas. By Mary Beth Gardiner DEPARTMENTS 02 I N S T I T U T E N E W S HHMI Announces New 34 Investigator Competition | Undergraduate Science: $50 Million in New Grants 03 PRESIDENT’S LETTER The Scientific Apprenticeship U P F R O N T 04 New Discoveries Propel Stem Cell Research 06 Sleeper’s Hold on Science 08 Ask a Scientist 27 I N T E R V I E W Toward Détente on Stem Cell Research 33 G R A N T S Extending hhmi’s Global Outreach | Institute Awards Two Grants for Science Education Programs 34 INSTITUTE NEWS Bye-Bye Bio 101 NEWS & NOTES 36 Saving the Children 37 Six Antigens at a Time 38 The Emergence of Resistance 40 39 Hidden Potential 39 Remembering Santiago 40 Models and Mentors 41 Tracking the Transgenic Fly 42 Conduct Beyond Reproach 43 The 1918 Flu: Case Solved 44 HHMI LAB BOOK 46 N O T A B E N E 49 INSIDE HHMI Dollars and Sense ON THE COVER: Nancy H. Kolodny (center), a professor of chemistry at Wellesley College, discovered her love for science as an undergraduate at Wellesley. Today she’s a mentor to students, including Jae Young You (left) and Shivani Agarwal, both members of the class of 2005. PHOTOGRAPH BY JASON GROW HHMI TRUSTEES JAMES A. BAKER, III, ESQ. Senior Partner, Baker & Botts ALEXANDER G. BEARN, M.D. Former Executive Officer, American Philosophical Society; Professor Emeritus of Medicine, Cornell University Medical College FRANK WILLIAM GAY Former President and Chief Executive Officer, SUMMA Corporation JOSEPH L GOLDSTEIN, M.D. Professor and Chairman, Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas HANNA H. GRAY, PH.D., CHAIRMAN President Emeritus and Harry Pratt Judson Distinguished Service Professor of History, The University of Chicago GARNETT L. KEITH Chairman, SeaBridge Investment Advisors, L.L.C. Former Vice Chairman and Chief Investment Officer, The Prudential Insurance Company of America JEREMY R. KNOWLES, D.PHIL. Dean Emeritus and Amory Houghton Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Harvard University WILLIAM R. LUMMIS, ESQ. Former Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer, The Howard Hughes Corporation ANNE M. TATLOCK Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Fiduciary Trust Company International HHMI OFFICERS THOMAS R. CECH, PH.D., President PETER J. BRUNS, PH.D., Vice President for Grants and Special Programs DAVID A. CLAYTON, PH.D., Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer STEPHEN M. COHEN, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer JOAN S. LEONARD, ESQ., Vice President and General Counsel AVICE A. MEEHAN, Vice President for Communications and Public Affairs GERALD M. RUBIN, PH.D., Vice President and Director, Janelia Farm Research Campus LANDIS ZIMMERMAN, Vice President and Chief Investment Officer H H M I B U L LETI N S TA F F Stephen G. Pelletier, Editor Jim Keeley, Science Editor Jennifer Donovan, Education Editor Patricia Foster, Manager of Publishing Mary Beth Gardiner, Assistant Editor Maya Pines, Contributing Editor Laura Bonetta, fact checking Steven Marcus, story editing Kathy Savory, copy editing David Herbick Design, publication design Telephone (301) 215 8855 n Fax (301) 215 8863 n www.hhmi.org Scott Gilbert (foreground), The Bulletin is published by the HHMI Office of who teaches biology at Communications and Public Affairs. Swarthmore College, encour- ages undergraduate students © 2004 Howard Hughes Medical Institute to conduct lab research. Students (clockwise from The opinions, beliefs and viewpoints expressed by left) are Tyler Lyson, Sean authors in the HHMI Bulletin do not necessarily Anderson, and Fraser Tan. reflect the opinions, beliefs and viewpoints or official policies of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. PHOTOGRAPH BY DAVID GRAHAM (ABOVE) INSTITUTE NEWS Currently, the Institute employs 318 of the nation’s most innova- HHMI Announces New tive scientists. They head Hughes laboratories at 66 universities, medical schools, and research institutes through long-term research collaboration Investigator Competition agreements. These scientists and their research groups study a broad range of fundamental biological questions, including the causes of many hmi has invited nearly 200 universities, medical schools, and human diseases such as Alzheimer’s, diabetes, and AIDS. research institutions to nominate their best biomedical research- Selection standards are high. More than 100 of hhmi’s investigators Hers for a newly launched national competition, with the expect- are members of the National Academy of Sciences; 11 current or former e d result that between 30 and 50 scientists will be chosen to join the investigators have received Nobel Prizes. Institute in 2005 as hhmi investigators. The new competition, the first since 2001, represents a continued The Institute is looking for candidates from the full range of biolog- expansion of the Institute’s biomedical-research mission. “Recruitment ical and biomedical inquiry who demonstrate exceptional promise early of new investigators through a competition like this gives hhmi the in their careers as independent researchers. “hhmi places a high value ability to respond to emerging areas of scientific interest,” says David A. on innovation, and our distinctive approach to supporting biomedical Clayton, vice president and chief scientific officer. research frees our scientists to use their creativity to extend the bound- In addition, hhmi will begin recruiting scientists this fall for aries of scientific knowledge,” says hhmi President Thomas R. Cech. the Janelia Farm Research Campus, the Institute’s new and innova- The competition represents a commitment by the Institute to tive facility located in Ashburn, Virginia. Representing an investment invest as much as $350 million in additional support for biomedi- of $500 million, Janelia Farm—a multidisciplinary research environ- cal research over the next seven years, Cech says. hhmi’s annual ment for small teams of scientists—is scheduled to open in 2006 research budget now stands at nearly $500 million a year. (see p. 28). Undergraduate Science: NEW GRANTS AWARDEES Amherst College (MA) . $1.3 million Knox College (IL) . .$1 million $50 Million in New Grants Barnard College (NY) . $1.5 million Mount Holyoke College (MA) . $1.2 million Bates College (ME) . $1.2 million Occidental College (CA) . $1.5 million olleges face many tough challenges in teaching science today. Bowdoin College (ME) . .$800,000 Point Loma Nazarene University (CA) . .$800,000 Bryn Mawr College (PA) . $1.2 million New fields that blur the lines between disciplines are emerg- California State Polytechnic Pomona College (CA) . $1.3 million C ing, and biologists, chemists, physicists, and mathematicians University, Pomona (CA) . $1.3 million St. Olaf College (MN) . $1.4 million are forging interdisciplinary collaborations. Scientists trained to be Canisius College (NY) . .$800,000 Smith College (MA) . $1.3 million outstanding researchers need to learn to be outstanding teachers. More Carleton College (MN) . .$800,000 Spelman College (GA) . $1.3 million minorities must be encouraged to pursue scientific careers. The City University of New York Swarthmore College (PA) . $1.5 million (CUNY) City College (NY) . $1.3 million Trinity College (CT) . .$800,000 To help colleges meet these challenges, hhmi is awarding $49.7 mil- CUNY Hunter College (NY) . .$800,000 Trinity University (TX) . .$1 million lion in grants to 42 baccalaureate and master’s degree institutions in 17 CUNY Queens College (NY) . .$800,000 Union College (NY) . $1.6 million states and Puerto Rico. This brings hhmi’s investment in undergradu- The College of Wooster (OH) . .$800,000 The University of Louisiana ate science to more than $606 million. Davidson College (NC) . $1.3 million at Monroe (LA) . .$1 million Florida A&M University (FL) . $1.2 million University of Puerto Rico The four-year grants, ranging from $500,000 to $1.6 million, sup- Cayey (PR) . .$500,000 Grinnell College (IA) . $1.4 million port a variety of programs to improve undergraduate science, from new University of Richmond (VA) . .$900,000 Harvey Mudd College (CA) . $1.2 million courses in hot fields such as bioinformatics and computational biology, University of Texas- Haverford College (PA) . $1.6 million to fellowships for postdoctoral researchers that include teaching experi- Pan American (TX) . $1.3 million Hiram College (OH) . $1.2 million Wellesley College (MA) . $1.2 million ences, to a mobile teaching laboratory to bring science to remote areas. Hope College (MI) . $1.5 million Wesleyan University (CT) . $1.3 million Humboldt State University (CA) . $1.3 million Although its investigators conduct research at universities and Williams College (MA) . $1.6 million medical schools, hhmi supports science at colleges because they also Kalamazoo College (MI) . $1.1 million Xavier University of play a vital role, according to Peter J. Bruns, vice president for grants Kenyon College (OH) . $1.5 million Louisiana (LA) . $1.3 million and special programs at hhmi. “Good science can be done in different settings, in colleges as well as universities,” says Bruns. “Colleges are a graduate biology tends to be neglected.” better learning environment for some students, and they serve under- hhmi invited 198 public and private baccalaureate and master’s represented minorities extremely well.” degree institutions to compete for the new awards.
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