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Department of Biology, Report to the President 2016-2017
Department of Biology Academic year 2016–2017 was exciting and productive for the Department of Biology. The department is considered one of the best biological science departments in the world. Our superb faculty members are leaders in biological research and education. Some of the news regarding our faculty, research, and educational programs is highlighted below. Faculty Count and Departures During AY2017, the Department of Biology had 56 faculty members: 44 full professors, eight associate professors, and four assistant professors. Research homes are distributed among Building 68, the Broad Institute, the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, the Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, and the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research. In addition to 56 primary faculty members, there were six faculty members with secondary appointments in Biology. These joint faculty members provide important connections to other departments, including Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Chemistry, Biological Engineering, and Civil and Environmental Engineering. We are saddened by the loss of Professor Susan Lindquist, who passed away in October 2016. Hidde Ploegh (Whitehead Institute) moved to Children’s Hospital in January 2017. Professor William (Chip) Quinn (Biology/Brain and Cognitive Sciences) retired in July 2016. Faculty Awards Department of Biology faculty members are widely recognized for their contributions to the field. Among our core faculty are three Nobel Laureates, 30 members of the National Academy of Sciences, 28 members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 14 fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, four recipients of the National Science Foundation National Medal of Science, and 15 Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) investigators. -
Spring 2021 Bulletin
Advancing Access to Civil Justice STEPS TOWARD INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE GOVERNANCE Featuring William Nordhaus, Pinelopi Goldberg, and Scott Barrett HONORING WILLIAM LABOV, RUTH LEHMANN , AND GERTRUD SCHÜPBACH SPRING 2021 SELECT UPCOMING VIRTUAL EVENTS May 6 A Conversation with Architect 27 Reflections on a Full, Consequential, Jeanne Gang and Lucky Life: Science, Leadership, Featuring: Jeanne Gang and Education Featuring: Walter E. Massey (left) in conversation with Don Randel (right) June 14 Lessons Learned from Reckoning with Organizational History Featuring: John J. DeGioia, Brent Leggs, Susan Goldberg, Claudia Rankine, and Ben Vinson 13 Finding a Shared Narrative Hosted by the Library of Congress Featuring: Danielle Allen, winner of the Library’s 2020 Kluge Prize Above: “Our Common Purpose” featuring the Juneteenth flag with one star. Artist: Rodrigo Corral For a full and up-to-date listing of upcoming events, please visit amacad.org/events. SPRING 2021 CONTENTS Flooding beside the Russian River on Westside Road in Healdsburg, Sonoma County, California; February 27, 2019. Features 16 Steps Toward International 38 Honoring Ruth Lehmann and Gertrud Climate Governance Schüpbach with the Francis Amory Prize William Nordhaus, Pinelopi Goldberg, and Scott Barrett Ruth Lehmann and Gertrud Schüpbach 30 Honoring William Labov with the Talcott Parsons Prize William Labov CONTENTS 5 Among the contributors to the Dædalus issue on “Immigration, Nativism & Race” (left to right): Douglas S. Massey (guest editor), Christopher Sebastian Parker, and Cecilia Menjívar Our Work 5 Dædalus Explores Immigration, Nativism & Race in the United States 7 Advancing Civil Justice Access in the 21st Century 7 10 New Reports on the Earnings & Job Outcomes of College Graduates 14 Our Common Purpose in Communities Across the Country Members 53 In Memoriam: Louis W. -
2008-Annual-Report.Pdf
whitehead institute 2008 AnnuAl RepoRt. a year in the life of a scientific community empowered to explore biology’s most fundamental questions for the betterment of human health. whitehead institute 2008 annual report a Preserving the mission, contents facing the future 1 preserving the mission, it’s customary in this space to recount and reflect facing the future on the accomplishments of the year gone by. i’ll certainly do so here—proudly—but in many 5 scientific achievement important ways, 2008 was about positioning the institute for years to come. 15 principal investigators many colleges, universities, and independent 30 whitehead fellows research institutions found themselves in dire fiscal positions at the close of 2008 and entered 34 community evolution 2009 in operational crisis reflective of the global economic environment. hiring freezes and large- 40 honor roll of donors scale workforce reductions have become the norm. although whitehead institute is certainly not 46 financial summary insulated from the impact of the downturn, i am 48 leadership pleased and somewhat humbled to report that the institute remains financially strong and no less 49 sited for science committed to scientific excellence. david page, director over the past two years, we have been engaged in a focused effort to increase efficiency and editor & direCtor reduce our administrative costs, with the explicit goal of ensuring that as much of the institute’s matt fearer revenue as possible directly supports Whitehead research. Our approach, which has resulted in assoCiate editor nicole giese a 10-percent reduction in operational expense, has been carefully considered. every decision offiCe of CommuniCation and PubliC affairs has been evaluated not just for its potential effects on our scientific mission, but also for 617.258.5183 www.whitehead.mit.edu possible consequences to the whitehead community and its unique culture. -
Volume 3 Summer 2012
Volume 3 Summer 2012 . Academic Partners . Cover image Magnetic resonance image of the human brain showing colour-coded regions activated by smell stimulus. Editors Ulisses Barres de Almeida Max-Planck-Institut fuer Physik [email protected] Juan Rojo TH Unit, PH Division, CERN [email protected] [email protected] Academic Partners Fondazione CEUR Consortium Nova Universitas Copyright ©2012 by Associazione EURESIS The user may not modify, copy, reproduce, retransmit or otherwise distribute this publication and its contents (whether text, graphics or original research content), without express permission in writing from the Editors. Where the above content is directly or indirectly reproduced in an academic context, this must be acknowledge with the appropriate bibliographical citation. The opinions stated in the papers of the Euresis Journal are those of their respective authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Editors or the members of the Euresis Association or its sponsors. Euresis Journal (ISSN 2239-2742), a publication of Associazione Euresis, an Association for the Promotion of Scientific Endevour, Via Caduti di Marcinelle 2, 20134 Milano, Italia. www.euresisjournal.org Contact information: Email. [email protected] Tel.+39-022-1085-2225 Fax. +39-022-1085-2222 Graphic design and layout Lorenzo Morabito Technical Editor Davide PJ Caironi This document was created using LATEX 2" and X LE ATEX 2 . Letter from the Editors Dear reader, with this new issue we reach the third volume of Euresis Journal, an editorial ad- venture started one year ago with the scope of opening up a novel space of debate and encounter within the scientific and academic communities. -
ANNUAL REPORT 2019 1 Contents Director’S Letter 1
Whitehead Institute ANNUAL REPORT 2019 1 Contents Director’s Letter 1 Chair’s Letter 3 Members & Fellows 4–5 Science 6 Community 44 Philanthropy 56 2 The Changing Face of Discovery For 37 years, Whitehead Institute has demonstrated an ability to drive scientific discovery and to chart paths into new frontiers of knowledge. Its continuing achievements are due, in substan- tial part, to the unique capacities and dedication of Members who joined the Institute in the 1980s and ‘90s — from Founding Members Gerald Fink, Harvey Lodish, Rudolf Jaenisch, and Robert Weinberg to those who followed, including David Bartel, David Sabatini, Hazel Sive, Terry Orr-Weaver, Richard Young, and me. Those long-serving Members continue to do pioneering science and to be committed teachers and mentors. Yet we have begun an inevitable genera- tional transition: In the last two years, Gerry and Terry have closed their labs, and Harvey will do so this coming year. The exigencies of time mean that, increasingly, Whitehead Institute’s ability to maintain its vigorous scientific leadership depends on our next generation of researchers. As I move toward the conclusion of my term as director, I am particularly proud of the seven current Members and the 14 Whitehead Institute Fellows we recruited during the last 16 years. The newest of those stellar researchers joined us in 2019: Whitehead Institute Member Pulin Li and Whitehead Fellow Kipp Weiskopf. Pulin studies how circuits of interacting genes in individu- al cells enable multicellular functions, such as self-organizing into complex tissues, and her research brilliantly combines approaches from synthetic biology, developmental and stem cell biology, biophysics, and bioengineering to study these multicellular behaviors. -
Medical Advisory Board September 1, 2006–August 31, 2007
hoWard hughes medical iNstitute 2007 annual report What’s Next h o W ard hughes medical i 4000 oNes Bridge road chevy chase, marylaNd 20815-6789 www.hhmi.org N stitute 2007 a nn ual report What’s Next Letter from the president 2 The primary purpose and objective of the conversation: wiLLiam r. Lummis 6 Howard Hughes Medical Institute shall be the promotion of human knowledge within the CREDITS thiNkiNg field of the basic sciences (principally the field of like medical research and education) and the a scieNtist 8 effective application thereof for the benefit of mankind. Page 1 Page 25 Page 43 Page 50 seeiNg Illustration by Riccardo Vecchio Südhof: Paul Fetters; Fuchs: Janelia Farm lab: © Photography Neurotoxin (Brunger & Chapman): Page 3 Matthew Septimus; SCNT images: by Brad Feinknopf; First level of Rongsheng Jin and Axel Brunger; iN Bruce Weller Blake Porch and Chris Vargas/HHMI lab building: © Photography by Shadlen: Paul Fetters; Mouse Page 6 Page 26 Brad Feinknopf (Tsai): Li-Huei Tsai; Zoghbi: Agapito NeW Illustration by Riccardo Vecchio Arabidopsis: Laboratory of Joanne Page 44 Sanchez/Baylor College 14 Page 8 Chory; Chory: Courtesy of Salk Janelia Farm guest housing: © Jeff Page 51 Ways Illustration by Riccardo Vecchio Institute Goldberg/Esto; Dudman: Matthew Szostak: Mark Wilson; Evans: Fred Page 10 Page 27 Septimus; Lee: Oliver Wien; Greaves/PR Newswire, © HHMI; Mello: Erika Larsen; Hannon: Zack Rosenthal: Paul Fetters; Students: Leonardo: Paul Fetters; Riddiford: Steitz: Harold Shapiro; Lefkowitz: capacity Seckler/AP, © HHMI; Lowe: Zack Paul Fetters; Map: Reprinted by Paul Fetters; Truman: Paul Fetters Stewart Waller/PR Newswire, Seckler/AP, © HHMI permission from Macmillan Page 46 © HHMI for Page 12 Publishers, Ltd.: Nature vol. -
Whitehead Institute Hosts Campbio for Middle School Students
Whitehead Institute Hosts CampBio for LINKS About Whitehead Pulse Middle School Students Contact COMMUNITY NOV E MB E R 8 , 2 0 1 3 B Y DUS TIN GRINNE L L Subscribe Upcoming events Whitehead home In August, Whitehead Institute joined with Science from Scientists to host the first CampBio, a weeklong science program bringing local middle school students to CATEG O RIES Whitehead Institute to learn firsthand how researchers answer biology’s most challenging questions. Community Events Honors and Awards Twentysix 7th and 8th graders attended the program, In the news participating in handson activities, laboratory Multimedia demonstrations and discussions with scientists. “We Research were one of the first research institutions in the area to invite high school students into our labs,” says Amy Tremblay, the Public Programs Officer in charge of SEARCH education and community outreach at Whitehead Institute. “We wanted to offer outreach programs to middle school students as well.” It’s a niche that needs to be met, Tremblay says, given the nation’s increasing commitment to STEM (for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education. Such is the credo of Science from Scientists, the leading inclass science/STEM enrichment program in Massachusetts, and codesigner of CampBio. This spring, Tremblay and her team worked with the Bostonbased nonprofit group to bring the summer program to life. “We’re on the cutting edge of biomedical science,” says Tremblay, “so what better place to introduce kids to research?” She says the students were surprisingly unfiltered during the week’s activities, unpressured by their peers and unafraid to ask questions about complex subjects. -
Pipsqueak, an Early Acting Member of the Posterior Group of Genes, Affects Vasa Level and Germ Cell-Somatic Cell Interaction in the Developing Egg Chamber
Development 119, 1187-1202 (1993) 1187 Printed in Great Britain © The Company of Biologists Limited 1993 pipsqueak, an early acting member of the posterior group of genes, affects vasa level and germ cell-somatic cell interaction in the developing egg chamber Vivian Siegel*, Thomas A. Jongens, Lily Yeh Jan and Yuh Nung Jan Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0724, USA *Author for correspondence SUMMARY We have identified a new member of the posterior group through vasa; molecular studies indicate that pipsqueak of genes, which we call pipsqueak. We show that affects vasa level in the ovary. We compare vasa and pipsqueak acts after the establishment of the oskar pipsqueak mutant phenotypes in order to determine posterior anchor but before the localization of vasa whether pipsqueak acts solely through vasa, and present protein during oogenesis. Characterization of multiple a model for the role of pipsqueak in posterior pattern alleles at the pipsqueak locus shows that pipsqueak, like formation. vasa, is required for early stages of oogenesis, including but not limited to formation of the egg chamber and pro- gression through Stage 6 of oogenesis. Genetic interac- Key words: Drosophila, oogenesis, posterior pattern formation, tion studies suggest that pipsqueak acts at least partially pipsqueak, vasa INTRODUCTION known collectively as posterior group genes of the grand- childless class, all seem to affect the formation of electron Pattern formation along the anteroposterior axis of the dense particles called polar granules, which are thought to Drosophila melanogaster embryo is initiated prior to fertil- consist of both protein and RNA, and which are localized to ization. -
Phase Transitioned Nuclear Oskar Promotes Cell Division of Drosophila Primordial Germ Cells
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/397992; this version posted August 22, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. PHASE TRANSITIONED NUCLEAR OSKAR PROMOTES CELL DIVISION OF DROSOPHILA PRIMORDIAL GERM CELLS Kathryn E. Kistler*1,2, Tatjana Trcek*†1, Thomas R. Hurd1, Ruoyu Chen1, Feng-Xia Liang3, Joseph Sall3, Masato Kato4, Ruth Lehmann†1 1: HHMI, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, NYU School of Medicine, NY, USA 2: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, WA, USA 3: DART Microscopy Laboratory, NYU Langone Health, NY, USA 4: Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, TX, USA ORCID ID Trcek Tatjana: 0000-0003-4405-8733 *: equal contribution †: correspondence ([email protected]; [email protected]) ABSTRACT Germ granules are non-membranous ribonucleoprotein granules deemed the hubs for post-transcriptional gene regulation and functionally linked to germ cell fate across species. Little is known about the physical properties of germ granules and how these relate to germ cell function. Here we study two types of germ granules in the Drosophila embryo: cytoplasmic germ granules that instruct primordial germ cells (PGCs) formation and nuclear germ granules within early PGCs with unknown function. We show that cytoplasmic and nuclear germ granules are phase transitioned condensates nucleated by Oskar protein that display liquid as well as hydrogel-like properties. -
Therapeutic Cloning Gives Silenced Genes a Second Voice
NEWS p1007 Tricky Fix: p1009 Bohemian p1010 Better than A vaccine for cocaine brain: Neuroscientist Prozac: What’s next in addiction poses John Hardy bucks antidepressant drug ethical dilemmas. the trends. development? Therapeutic cloning gives silenced genes a second voice As controversy continues on therapeutic experiments in Xenopus embryos, is the removal silencing may not be permanent.” cloning to create human embryos, applying the of methyl groups from specific regions of DNA. Jaenisch and his colleagues have also shown technique—also known as somatic cell nuclear This may be a necessary step in the epigenetic that nuclei from a skin cancer cell can be repro- transfer—in animals is generating important reprogramming of the nucleus, the researchers grammed to direct normal development of a insights into disease development. suggest in the October Nature Cell Biology. mouse embryo—meaning that removal of the Some scientists are using the approach to As cells differentiate, they accrue many epigenetic alterations is enough to restore cells study epigenetic alterations—chromosomal other types of epigenetic alterations, such as to normal (Genes Dev.18,1875–1885; 2004).An modifications that do not alter the DNA the addition of phosphates or removal of earlier study reported similar results with brain sequence—which can cause cancer. “A acetyl groups from histones, or chromosomal tumor cells (Cancer Res. 63, 2733–2736; 2003). principal question in cancer research is what proteins, and trigger changes in chromatin Based on such findings, pharmaceutical part of the cancer cell phenotype comes from structure. Defects in these processes have been companies are racing to develop and test ‘epige- genetic defects and what part is epigenetic,”says linked to cancer and other diseases. -
Mapeig D'innovació Massachusetts
MAPEIG D’INNOVACIÓ MASSACHUSETTS SECTOR BIO-IT / DIGITAL HEALTH 9 de febrer de 2016 CATALUNYA I MASSACHUSETTS CATALUNYA MASSACHUSETTS Sup. (km²) 32,107 27,360 Habitants 7,504,008 6,349,097 PIB (milions €) 199,786 427,365 PIB per càpita (€) 26,624 67,311 Atur 17.7% 4.7% R&D sobre PIB 1.5% 5.67% Universitats 12 122 MASSACHUSETTS INNOVADOR MASSACHUSETTS INNOVADOR KEY INDUSTRIES Financial Services Technology Medicine and Life Sciences Manufacturing Fishing Tourism Big Data Digital Health LIFE SCIENCES UNIVERSITATS El sistema d’ensenyament superior de Massachusetts és dual; és a dir, format per una xarxa de centres públics i una de centres privats. La majoria de les 122 institucions d’educació superior que acull l’estat, i també les més destacades en termes d’excel·lència acadèmica i investigadora, pertanyen a l’àmbit privat, encara que la potència del sistema públic també és remarcable. llistar principals amb algun indicador RECERCA? UNIVERSITATS HARVARD Any fundació: 1636 Faculty members : 2,400 Students: 21,000 Alumni: 323,000 living alumni, Budget: $4,500 milliom MIT Any fundació: 1861 Professors (all ranks): 1,021 Other teaching staff: 809 Students: 11,319 Applicants: 18,356 Admits: 1,447 Percentage admitted: 7.9% Patents granted: 275 Budget: $2,920 million MIT Biology/bioengineering • Bioinstrumentation Engineering Analysis and • Emergent Behaviors of Integrated Cellular Systems Microscopy (BEAM) • Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and • BioInstrumentation Laboratory Technology (HST) • Biological Engineering • Human Genomics Laboratory -
Liberal Arts Science $600 Million in Support of Undergraduate Science Education
Janelia Update |||| Roger Tsien |||| Ask a Scientist SUMMER 2004 www.hhmi.org/bulletin LIBERAL ARTS SCIENCE In science and teaching— and preparing future investigators—liberal arts colleges earn an A+. C O N T E N T S Summer 2004 || Volume 17 Number 2 FEATURES 22 10 10 A Wellspring of Scientists [COVER STORY] When it comes to producing science Ph.D.s, liberal arts colleges are at the head of the class. By Christopher Connell 22 Cells Aglow Combining aesthetics with shrewd science, Roger Tsien found a bet- ter way to look at cells—and helped to revolutionize several scientif-ic disciplines. By Diana Steele 28 Night Science Like to take risks and tackle intractable problems? As construction motors on at Janelia Farm, the call is out for venturesome scientists with big research ideas. By Mary Beth Gardiner DEPARTMENTS 02 I N S T I T U T E N E W S HHMI Announces New 34 Investigator Competition | Undergraduate Science: $50 Million in New Grants 03 PRESIDENT’S LETTER The Scientific Apprenticeship U P F R O N T 04 New Discoveries Propel Stem Cell Research 06 Sleeper’s Hold on Science 08 Ask a Scientist 27 I N T E R V I E W Toward Détente on Stem Cell Research 33 G R A N T S Extending hhmi’s Global Outreach | Institute Awards Two Grants for Science Education Programs 34 INSTITUTE NEWS Bye-Bye Bio 101 NEWS & NOTES 36 Saving the Children 37 Six Antigens at a Time 38 The Emergence of Resistance 40 39 Hidden Potential 39 Remembering Santiago 40 Models and Mentors 41 Tracking the Transgenic Fly 42 Conduct Beyond Reproach 43 The 1918 Flu: Case Solved 44 HHMI LAB BOOK 46 N O T A B E N E 49 INSIDE HHMI Dollars and Sense ON THE COVER: Nancy H.