Transport Sector Strategy 2006–2020 (Financed by the Japan Special Fund)
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Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: 37691-01 December 2006 Uzbekistan: Transport Sector Strategy 2006–2020 (Financed by the Japan Special Fund) Prepared by PADECO Co., Ltd. Tokyo, Japan For Uzbek Association of Transport and Transport Communication This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. Asian Development Bank December 2006 TA4659-UZB Transport Sector Strategy Final Report Islohotkonsaltservis Ltd. TA 4659-UZB Transport Sector Strategy Final Report Abbreviations and IMF International Monetary Fund IRU International Road Transport Union Acronyms ISO International Standards Organisation IT Information Technology AC alternating current ADB Asian Development Bank ADR European Agreement Concerning JBIC Japan Bank for International Cooperation the International Carriage of JV Joint Venture Dangerous Goods by Road KfW Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau AIFU Association of International km kilometres Freight Forwarders of Uzbekistan LLE Limited Liability Enterprise AN Antonov mm millimetres ANS Air Navigation Services MOF Ministry of Finance ASA Air Service Agreement MOFER Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations, Investments ATC Air Traffic Control and Trade CACOM Common Market in Central Asia MOI Ministry of Interior CAREC Central Asia Regional Economic MOT Ministry of Transport Cooperation MRC Malaysian Shipping Corporation CARs Central Asian Republics MTT International Transit Tariff CFS Container Freight Station MV motor vehicle CIF carriage insurance freight NAC National Air Company CIS Commonwealth of Independent O&D Origin and Destination States OOCL Overseas Orient Shipping Line Ckd completely knocked down ORR Outer Ring Road (vehicle) OSZhD Committee for Organisation for Cooperation CSATTF Central and South Asia Transport between Railways and Trade Forum OTIF Intergovernmental Organisation for International CSP Country Strategy and Programme Carriage by Rail DFR Draft Final Report Pass. Passengers EA Executing Agency p.km passenger kilometres EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction PPP Public Private Partnership and Development PPTA Project Preparation Technical Assistance EC European Commission PSO Public Service Obligation ECO Economic Cooperation PSP Private Sector Participation Organization RD Road Corridor ECOTA ECO Trade Agreement RL Road Corridor EMUO Equipment and Management and SAC State Air Company Utilization Organization SCO Shanghai Cooperation Organisation ESCAP Economic and Social Commission SJSC State Joint Stock Company for Asia and the Pacific SOE State Owned Enterprise EU European Union sq. square EurAsEC Eurasian Economic Community SSC State Stock Company FIATA International Freight Forwarders SWOT Strengths–Weaknesses–Opportunities – Threats Association TA Technical Assistance FOB free on board TACIS Technical Assistance for CIS Countries GDP Gross Domestic Product TAU Transport Authority of Uzbekistan HGV heavy goods vehicle TIR Transports Internationaux Routiers HP horse power t.km tonne kilometres HR human resources TOR Terms of Reference JSC Joint Stock Company TORR Tashkent Outer Ring Road ICAO International Civil Aviation TRACECA Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus- Organisation Asia ICD Inland Clearance Depot TTFA Transit Transport Framework IDB Islamic Development Bank Agreement IFRS International Financial Reporting TTTM Tashkent tram, trolleybus and metro Standards TU Tupolev IKS Islohotkonsaltservis TUPTA Tashkent Urban Passenger Transport Authority IL Ilyushin PADECO/IKS Tashkent, December 2006 TA 4659-UZB Transport Sector Strategy Final Report TUTS Tashkent Urban Transport Services UARRT Uzbek Agency for Road and River Transport UCAA Uzbekistan Civil Aviation Authority UIC International Union of Railways UIFFA Uzbekistan International Freight Forwarders Association UK United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ULD unit load device UNECE United National Economic Commission for Europe US United States US$ United States dollars USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics UTACA Uzbek Association for Transport and Transport Communications UTY Uzbekistan Temir Yullari (Uzbek Railways) UzA Uzbekistan Airways UZB Uzbekistan VAT Value Added Tax WTO World Trade Organisation YAK Yakovlev 3PL third party logistics Rate of Exchange – 1 Dec. 2006 US$1 = Soum1240 PADECO/IKS Tashkent, December 2006 TA 4659-UZB Transport Sector Strategy Final Report Contents 3.6.1 Domestic Road Freight 3.6.2 Domestic Road Passenger 3.6.3 International Road Freight 1. INTRODUCTION 3.6.4 International Bus Services 1.1 Reporting and Study Activities - 3.7 Rail Services – 37 1 3.7.1 Rolling Stock 1.2 Contents of Final Report – 2 3.7.2 Domestic Freight 1.3 Contacts and Bibliography - 2 3.7.3 International Freight 1.4 Acknowledgements -3 3.7.4 Intermodal 3.7.5 Domestic Passenger 2. ECONOMY AND TRANSPORT 3.7.6 International Passenger DEMAND 3.8 Air Services - 40 3.8.1 Uzbekistan Airways 2.1 Economic Recovery 1991-2006 - 3.8.2 Other Airlines 4 3.8.3 Airport Services 2.1.1 GDP, Income and Trade 3.9 Logistics - 43 2.2 Output by Sector - 6 3.9.1 Freight Forwarding 2.2.1 Vehicle Production 3.9.2 Logistics Centres 2.2.2 Energy Resources 3.10 Inland Waterways Services - 45 2.2.3 Cotton and Other Agriculture 3.11 Urban Transport - 46 2.2.4 Industry 3.11.1 Tashkent 3.11.2 Other Cities 2.3 Economic Forecast 2006-20 - 8 3.12 Institutional Responsibilities - 49 2.3.1 Short Term Forecast 2.3.2 Long Term Forecast 3.13 Legal and Regulatory Position - 49 2.3.3 GDP/Capita Forecast 3.13.1 Cross-Cutting Law 2.3.4 Population Forecast 3.13.2 Road Infrastructure 2.4 Transport Demand 1996-2005 - 3.13.3 Road Transport Services 3.13.4 Rail 11 3.13.5 Aviation 2.4.1 Road 3.13.6 Logistics 2.4.2 Rail 3.13.7 Inland Waterways 2.4.3 Aviation 3.13.8 Urban Transport 2.4.4 Urban Transport 2.5 Transport Demand 2006-20 - 19 2.5.1 International and Regional 4. SECTOR CHALLENGES Developments 4.1 Road Infrastructure - 63 2.5.2 Demand Elasticities 4.1.1 Common Use/Other Roads 2.6 Demand by Mode 2006-20 – 21 4.1.2 International Road Corridors 2.7 Impact of Demand Growth - 23 4.2 Rail Infrastructure - 66 4.2.1 Corridors and Transit 3. TRANSPORT SECTOR 4.2.2 Neighbouring Infrastructure CURRENT STATUS 4.2.3 River Amudarya Bridge 3.1 Overview - 24 4.2.4 Turkmenistan New Lines 4.2.5 Kyrgyz-China Corridor 3.2 Road Infrastructure - 24 4.3 Aviation Infrastructure - 67 3.2.1 Network 4.3.1 Airport Operations 3.2.2 Road Corridors 4.3.2 Regional Airports 3.3 Rail Infrastructure - 28 4.3.3 Domestic/International Terminals 3.3.1 Network 4.3.4 Security and Operations 3.3.2 International Links 4.3.5 Terminal Design 3.3.3 Corridors 4.3.6 Service Scheduling 3.4 Aviation Infrastructure - 32 4.3.7 Cargo 3.5 Inland Waterways 4.3.8 Transit Terminal Infrastructure- 33 4.3.9 Tashkent Airport Relocation 3.5.1 Waterways 4.4 Inland Waterways Infrastructure - 69 3.5.2 River Ports 4.4.1 Buildings and Equipment 3.6 Road Services - 34 4.4.2 Development Needs PADECO/IKS Tashkent, December 2006 TA 4659-UZB Transport Sector Strategy Final Report 4.5 Road Transport - 70 7.3 Policy Framework - 113 4.5.1 Truck Fleet Replacement 7.3.1 Policy and Strategy 4.5.2 Spare Parts 7.3.2 Legacy and International Issues 4.5.3 Fleet Profile 7.3.3 Conflicts Between Objectives 4.5.4 Taxation 7.4 Guiding Principles - 115 4.5.5 International 7.5 National Strategy - 116 4.5.6 Passenger Transport 7.6 Ferghana Valley Links - 116 4.6 Rail Transport - 74 7.6.1 Road Links and Services 4.6.1 Domestic Freight 7.6.2 Rail Links and Services 4.6.2 International Freight 7.6.3 Air Links and Services 4.6.3 Intermodal 7.6.4 Transit through Tajikistan 4.6.4 Domestic Passenger 7.7 Actions - 117 4.6.5 International Passenger 4.7 Air Services - 79 8. STRATEGY FOR ROADS AND 4.7.1 Uzbekistan Airways ROAD TRANSPORT 4.7.2 Other Airlines 4.7.3 Airport Services 8.1 Road Infrastructure - 119 4.8 Logistics - 83 8.1.1 Urban and Rural Roads 8.1.2 International Corridors 4.8.1 Freight Forwarding 8.1 3 Border Infrastructure 4.8.2 Logistics Centres 8.2 Road Freight Services - 121 4.9 Inland Waterways Services - 89 8.2.1 Imports of New/Used Vehicles 4.10 Urban Transport - 91 8.2.2 Spare Parts 4.10.1 Metro 8.2.3 Fleet/Operator Profile 4.10.2 Trams 8.2.4 International Market Access 4.10.3 Trolleybuses 8.2.5 International Agreements 4.10.4 Other Cities 8.2.6 PermitArrangements Legislation 4.11 Institutional Issues - 92 8.2.7 Institutional Arrangements 4.12 Legal and Regulatory Issues - 93 8.3 Road safety - 125 8.4 Road Passenger - 126 5. STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES, 8.5 Actions - 126 OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS 9. STRATEGY FOR RAILWAYS AND 5.1 SWOT Analysis - 94 RAIL TRANSPORT 6. NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL 9.1 Rail System Management - 129 9.1.1 System Rationalization AGENCIES 9.1.2 System Sustainability 6.1 Introduction – 105 9.1.3 System Development 6.2 Government Policy and the Draft 9.2 Development of International Corridors - 130 Concept - 107 9.2.1 New Initiatives 6.3 ADB Strategy and Assistance- 9.2.2 Amudarya Bridge Turkmenistan 108 9.2.3 Link to China 6.3.1 Assistance to Date 9.2.4 Border Facilities 6.3.2 Country Strategy and 9.3 Freight Services - 132 Programme 9.3.1 Developing/Protecting Markets 6.3.3 Regional Transport Sector 9.3.2 Quality of Service Strategy 9.3.3 Scope of Service 6.3.4 CAREC 9.3.4 Tariffs 6.4 Other International Assistance - 9.3.5 Marketing 111 9.4 Intermodal Services - 135 9.4.1 Quality of Service 9.4.2 Block Trains 7 NATIONAL STRATEGY 9.4.3 Traffic Imbalances 7.1 Introduction – 113 9.4.4 Through/Combined Bills of Lading 7.2 Strategy for Central 9.4.5 Intermodal Forwarding Asia/Uzbekistan -113 9.5 Passenger Services - 137 PADECO/IKS Tashkent, December 2006 TA 4659-UZB Transport Sector Strategy Final Report 9.6 Actions - 137 12 STRATEGY FOR INLAND WATERWAYS 12.1 Inland Waterways - 153 10.