— ♦ — Index
— ♦ —
Alberta basin. See Western Canada foreland basin. Cardium Formation, 33, 35, 201, 202, 265, 302 Alexander terrane, 85 Cardium reservoir unit, 177, 178 Andean-type continental margin magmatic arc, Cascade basin, 273, 274 subduction along, 10 Cascade terrane, 85 Arctic Alaska plate, 376 Cassiar terrane, 85 Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), 363 Charlie Lake Formation, 296 Arkoma basin, 436, 437, 443 Chinook Member, 36 Asmari reservoir, 331-332 Chugach terrane, 85, 116 Chungo Member, 33, 36 Bangestan/Qamchuqa reservoir, 332-333 Clearwater Formation, 27 Barrow arch, 375 Coastal belt terrane, 116, 118 Basal Colorado Sand reservoir unit, 170, 171 Coast plutonic complex, 11, 83 Bearpaw sandstones, 236 Colony Formation, 28 Beattie Peaks Formation, 18 Colorado Assemblage, 192,196-197, 199-201, 210-212, Belloy Formation, 297 224-226 Belly River Formation, 38, 117, 272 Colorado Group, 281-286, 300-303 Belly River reservoir unit, 181, 182 Colorado Group oils, 300 Belly River sandstones, 236 Colorado Shale, 284, 286 Belt Supergroup, 275 Crescent terrane, 116 Black Warrior basin, 431, 435, 436 Cummings Member, 24 Bluesky Formation, 22, 25 Cypress Hills/Hand Hills Assemblage, 192-193, 196-197, Boulder Batholith, 238 202-203 Bow Island Formation, 31, 32 Cypress Hills Formation, 42 Bowser basin, 85 Brazeau Formation, 39 Dakota sandstone, 414 Bridge River terrane, 85 Deep basin, Rock-Eval pyrolysis and TOC data, 283 Brookian sequence, 369-370, 370-374 Deformed belt, 84, 268-269 Dezful embayment. See Zagros foreland basin. Cache Creek terrane, 85 Dina Member, 20, 23 Cadomin Formation, 20, 22, 23 Doe Creek-Dunvegan reservoir unit, 174, 175 Cadotte Member, 29, 30, 73-75 Doe Creek Member, 73 Cadotte-Viking-Bow Island reservoir unit, 172, 173 Doig Formation, 286-287, 289, 290 Calcareous Member, 24 Dunvegan Formation, 33, 34, 70-71, 72, 73, 116-117 Canadian Cordillera, 82-88,109, 112,118, 120 Duvernay Formation, 284, 288 allochthonous terranes, 86-87,118 cordilleran collage and foreland fold and thrust belt, Eastern Venezuela foreland basin, 3, 6, 341-362 82-88 depositional systems, 345-355 cross section, true-scale, 120 exploration history, 358-360 deformational history, 83 foreland basin systems, 354-355 geodynamic model, 112 future exploration potential, 360 lateral displacements, 85, 88 hydrocarbon provinces, 356 morphotectonic belts, 83 lithostratigraphic charts, 348-351 stereographic projection, 88 oil and gas systems, 355-360 tectonic history, pre-foreland basin, 83-85 passive margin systems, 347-354 tectonic subdivisions and features, 109 regional map, 342 tectonostratigraphic terranes, 85 regional setting, 446
457
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reservoir rocks, 451 Kaskapau Formation, 73 reservoirs, trap style, and trap timing, 356-358 Kerr basin, 439, 440 source rocks, 358, 450 Kingak Shale, 369 stratigraphy, 344-345, 447 Kootenay Group, 18, 115-116, 273 structural cross sections, 343, 344 Kootenay terrane, 85 structural features, 343 structure, 449 Lloydminster Formation, 22, 25 tectonic history, 342, 344 Lower Mannville reservoir unit, 166, 167 Western Canada foreland basin, comparison, 175-178 Edmonton Formation, 39 McLaren Formation, 28 Edmonton Group, 117 McLeod Lake fault zone, 88 Elkhorn Mountain Volcanics, 238 Main Ranges, 236 Ellerslie Formation, 20, 23 Mannville Assemblage, 192, 195-199, 205-209, 219-223 Ellesmerian sequence, 366-369, 370 Mannville Group, 22, 26-30, 116, 265, 270, 271 Exshaw Formation, 287-288, 291, 292 Masefield shale, 19 Maturin subbasin. See Eastern Venezuela foreland basin. Falher Member, 27, 30 Medicine Hat reservoir unit, 179 Fernie/Nikanassin Assemblage, 192, 195, 196-197, 203, 204, Milk River Formation, 33, 36, 37 216, 217-218 Milk River reservoir unit, 180 Fernie Group, 115-116, 286 Monashee terrane, 85 Foothills belt, 16, foldouts following p. 92, 98, 99, 235, 236, Monteith Formation, 18 272 Morrissey Formation, 19 Foreland basin in North America, during Turonian, 11 Muddy Formation, 414 Foreland basins and fold belts definition and origin, 1-2, 9 Nanushuk Group, 371 described in this volume, locations, 3 National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA), 363, 369 future hydrocarbon potential, 452-453 Nelson Batholith, 238 opportunities, 455 Newcastle Formation, 31, 32 problems and challenges, 453-455 Nikanassin Group, 18 regional setting, 445-446 North Cascades terrane, 116, 118 reserves, 452 Northeastern Arabian shelf. See also Zagros foreland basin, reservoirs and traps, 450-452 generation history of hydrocarbons, 321-326 siliciclastic sequence development, 47-80 Infracambrian-Paleozoic formations correlation chart, source rocks, 448-450 315 stratigraphy, 446-448 maturity, 326 structure, 448, 449 Mesozoic formations correlation chart, 317 summary and conclusions, 445-456 Mesozoic intrashelf source rock basins, 325 Fortress Mountain Formation, 368 source rocks, 321-326 Fort Worth basin, 437, 438, 439, 443 stratigraphic position of source rocks, 324 Fraser River-Straight Creek fault zone, 88 structural and sedimentary history, 314-321 Front ranges, 236, 272 North Slope foreland basin, 3, 6, 363-393 basin evolution, 378-381 Gates Formation, 27, 30 Brooks Range structure, 376-378 General Petroleum Formation, 27 burial history diagrams, 384 Geologists, establishment of industrial and professional, chronostratigraphic chart, 367 146 cross sections, 365, 368, 375, 377, 378 Gething Formation, 20, 23, 270 deformation history, 379 Glauconite Formation, 22, 25, 26, 30 discovery, exploration history, and reserves, 385-388 Grand Rapids Formation, 28 foreland basin structure, 378 Greater Green River basin, 410 future potential, 388 Guarico subbasin. See Eastern Venezuela foreland basin. geologic map, 364 hydrocarbon maturation history, 383 Harmon Member, 29 hydrocarbon migration and entrapment, 383, 385 index map, 363 Idaho Batholith, 238 isopach map, 373 Ikpikpuk basin, 376 oil and gas accumulations, 386-387 Insular belt, 11, 83 oil and gas systems, 381-388 Insular superterrane, 116,118 play types, 385 Intermontane belt, 11, 83 regional setting, 363-365, 446 Intermontane superterrane, 116, 118 reservoir rocks and diagenesis, 382, 451 seismic sections, 369, 372 Jurassic Takla-Hazelton Volcanics, 238 source rocks, 382-383, 450
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stratigraphy, 365-375, 447 sequence stratigraphy, reservoirs, and source rocks, structure, 449 396-401 structure contour map, 376 source rock packages and kerogen types, 400 subsidence history, 379 source rocks, 450 tectonics and structure, 375-378 stratigraphic correlation chart, 402-403 thermal history, 379-381 stratigraphy, 447 Notikewin Member, 28 structure, 449 structure contour map, 408 Omineca belt, 11, 83, 236, 238 subsidence history chart, 410 Ostracod Member, 24 tectonics and structure, 401-403 Ouachita foreland basin, 3, 7, 427-456 time line and schematic summary, 396 depositional environments, 434 traps, 407, 411, 413, 414, 415 exploration opportunities, 443 Rupert's Land, 128, 129 facies distributions, 435-441 habitat of hydrocarbons, 441-443 St. Mary River sandstones, 236 hydrocarbon reserves, 442 Saunders/Edmonton Assemblage, 192, 196-197, 201-202, location map, 428 213-215, 226-227 paleogeography and facies, 429-430, 433-439, 442 Second White Speckled Shale, 284 plate tectonic context, 428 Second White Speckled Shale reservoir unit, 176 pressure profiles, 443 Shaunavon-Sawtooth-Rock Creek reservoir unit, 163, 164 regional setting, 446 Slide Mountain terrane, 85 reservoir properties, 443 Smoky Group, 117 reservoir rocks, 451 Spirit River Formation, 27 seismic line, 431 Stikine terrane, 85 source rocks, 450 Success Formation, 19, 203 stratigraphic column, 434 Sweetgrass arch, 84, 109 stratigraphy, 447 Swift Formation, 19, 203 structure, 449 Swift-Vanguard reservoir unit, 165 structure configuration, Paleozoic units, 430 structure maps, detailed, 432-433 Thermal history analysis methods, 260-261 tectonics and structure, 429 Tintina trench-northern Rocky Mountain trench fault zone, 88 Pacific Rim terrane, 85,116 Torok Formation, 368, 371 Paddy Member, 31, 32, 73-75 Torok-Nanushuk interval, 369, 372, 373 Paskapoo Formation, 39, 117 Trans-Alaska pipeline, 363 Passage Beds, 19 Triangular QmFLt and QFL diagrams, 230 Peace River arch, 74, 84, 109 Peace River Formation, 29, 74 U.S. Rocky Mountain foreland basin. See Rocky Mountain Pelican Member, 31, 32 foreland basin. Pense Formation, 28 Umiat basin, 376 Plates and plate tectonics, 110, 111 Upper Fort St. John Group, 116-117 Porcupine Hills sandstones, 236 Upper Mannville reservoir unit, 168, 169 Powder River basin, 416 Val Verde basin, 440, 441 Quesnel terrane, 85 Venezuela, paleogeography of northeastern, 346-347, 352, 353-354 Rex Formation, 27 Viking Formation, 31, 32 Rocky Mountain fold and thrust belt, 11, 83 Rocky Mountain foreland basin, 3, 6, 395-425 Wabamun Formation, 294, 295 basins and uplifts map, 399 Wabiskaw Formation, 22, 25 cross sections, 397, 398 Wapiti Formation, 39 discovery and exploration history, 407, 410, 412 Waseca Formation, 27 future directions, 412, 414, 416 Western Canada cratonic platform basin, hydrocarbon hydrocarbon reserves, 417-423 reserves, 189 isopach maps, 404-406, 416 Western Canada foreland basin, 2-5. See also Western location map, 396 Canada sedimentary basin, maturation history, 403, 407 accretion and adjacent foreland basin evolution, 10-12 oil and gas systems, 407, 410-420 building blocks, 199 play types, 407 chronostratigraphy, 52-55, 75-77 regional setting, 395-396, 446 clastic wedges, 114-117 reservoir rocks, 451 coalification mechanism and gradients, 269, 272-273 seismic time section, 409 coalification patterns, 263, 268-269
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cordilleran accretion and foreland wedges, 117-120 structure map, 15 cordilleran belts and complexes, 10,11 subsurface examples, 70-75 cordilleran collage and, 82-88 systems tracts, 58-61 cross sections, 13, foldout following p. 14, 72, 73, 74, 75, tectonics and structure, 81-105,109 foldouts following p. 92,120 tectonic subdivisions and features, 109 cycles, bounding surfaces, and hiatal gaps, 15-17 tectonostratigraphic zones, 11 deformation, 88-97 thermal history, 259-278 depositional assemblages, 191-227 transgressive systems tract, 60 depositional cycles and paleogeography, 15-41 vertical sections, Enclosure 1(B) diagenesis patterns, 240-251 Western Canada sedimentary basin. See also Western Eastern Venezuela foreland basin, comparison, 175-178 Canada foreland basin, evolution, 10-15 bituminous sands, 126 facies profiles, 66-70 coal occurrences, 125-126 gas fields, chronology and size distribution, 184 drilling rigs, evolution, 154-155 gas reserves, 161-162, 164,167,169, 171, 173, 175, 176, early exploration, 128-135 178, 179,180,182,184-189 early geophysical surveys, 151-154 geologic and tectonic setting, 260 early surface and subsurface investigations, 125-157 geometry, 48, 49, 92-97 exploratory and initial drilling, 130-135 geothermal environment, 268-274 geophysics and drilling, advances, 151-155 geothermal field, present, 261-262 hydrocarbon reserves, 189 highstand systems tract, 60-61 mid-19th century geologic investigations, 126-128 hydrocarbon accumulations, 97-100 mineral rights ownership, 146-147 hydrocarbon maturation and migration, 100, 303-305 natural gas, first discovery, 135-136 hydrocarbon reserves, 159-189 oil and gas discoveries, 135-144, 148-150 hydrocarbons, summary, 174-175 oil sands, 138-141 internal platform paleogeothermal field, 262-267 oil seepages, 137-138 isopach maps, 22, 31, 40 oil shales, 136-137 lithology and diagenesis of sandstones, 229-257 quacks and bogus oil-finding devices, 151 lowstand systems tract, 58-60 recognition, 144-146 modeled sequence characteristics, 78 salt springs, 126 models, 10,12, 42, 47-70, 77, 78, 92, 93,110-114,198 stratigraphic terminology, 146 nonconventional oil sources, 160-161 surface-expressed structures, 147-148 oil fields, chronology and size distribution, 183 Western Canadian petroleum industry, foundations, oil and gas plays, 191-227 142-150 oil geochemistry, 288-303 Williston basin, 109 oil reserves, 161-162, 163, 165, 166, 168, 170, 172, 174, 177, Willow Creek Formation, 39 181,183,185-189 Willow Creek sandstones, 236 paleogeographic reconstruction, 18,19, 23-29, 32, 34-36, Wrangell terrane, 85 38, 39 paleogeothermal gradient inference, 263-264 Yukon-Tanana terrane, 85 paleogeothermal gradients and variations, 264 petroleum source rocks, 194-195 Zagros foreland basin, 3, 5-6, 309-339. See also petroleum systems, 279-308 Northeastern Arabian shelf, petroleum trapping, 193-194 burial graphs, 327, 328, 329, 330 physiographic components and stratigraphy, 12-13, 14 Cenozoic formations correlation chart, 319 pre-Cretaceous geology, 21 cross sections, 322 preorogenic geothermal environment, 266-267 formation, 318, 320-321, 334-335 regional setting, 446 future potential, 334 regional setting, evolution, and depositional cycles, 9-46 hydrocarbons, 326, 328-334 reservoir limits, hydrocarbon analysis, 162-166 oil and gas fields, 311, 312-313 reservoir rocks, 451 oil and gas map, 311 reservoirs, 97-100 orogenic setting, 310 reservoir units, 161-182 overprinting, 314-321 sediments and sedimentation, 14, Enclosure 1(A), 20-41, regional setting, 446 84 reservoir rocks, 451 seismic profiles, simulated, 61-66 reservoirs, 331-333 siliciclastic sequence development, 47-80 source rocks, 326, 328-331, 450 source rocks, 281-288, 450 stratigraphy, 447 stratigraphic columns, 194, 196-197 structure, 449 stratigraphy, 12-13,16, 107-124, 282, 447 thrust packing in narrow synclines, 323 structural elements, 13-15 traps, 333-334 structure, 449 Zagros orogene and, 309-312, 318, 320-321
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978089181334790000
9 780891813347
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