Crossrail Media Brief
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CROSSRAIL MEDIA BRIEF WALLASEA ISLAND IN 2019 ARTISTS IMPRESSION Not to scale Viewing Wheelchair Platform Access Path Other Paths Future Visitor BBQ & Picnic Area Centre Hide Water Vole Area WALLASEA ISLAND The Wallasea Island Wild Coast Project is a landmark environmental project that has been made possible due to a unique partnership between Crossrail and the RSPB. Wallasea Island is located eight miles north of Southend-on-Sea in Essex and will benefit from a RSPB project that will transform levee protected farmland into a thriving wetland that will guarantee a place for tens of thousands of migratory birds into the future, and combat the threats from climate change and coastal flooding. The Essex estuaries are in the top five most important coastal wetlands in the country and are protected by national and European law. This project will transform 670 hectares of farmland, an area about 2.5 times the size of the City of London, back into the coastal marshland it once was some 400 years ago. Excavated material from the Crossrail project will be used to raise the land in places with levees then breached to allow for tidal flow into the marshland. Four hundred years ago there were 30,000 hectares of intertidal saltmarsh along the Essex coast. Now there are just 2,500 hectares. Climate change is causing sea levels to rise, bringing an increased risk of coastal flooding. Without projects like Wallasea Island, rising sea levels are threatening to see another 1,000 hectares lost in the next decade. Wallasea Island will show for the first time, on a large scale, how to ‘future proof’ low lying coastal areas against sea level rise and deliver benefits to wildlife. The RSPB’s Wallasea Island Wild Coast Project will create 148 hectares of mudflats, 192 hectares of saltmarsh, and 76 acres of shallow saline lagoons. About eight miles of coastal walks and cycle routes will also be created as part of the project. The new RSPB reserve will result in a return to England of lost breeding bird populations such as spoonbills and Kentish plovers. The RSPB hopes that species such as the avocet, dunlin, redshank and lapwing will return in significant numbers along with large flocks of brent geese, wigeon and curlew in winter. Plants such as samphire, sea lavender and sea aster are expected to thrive. Saltwater fish including bass, herring and flounder are likely to use the wetland as a nursery. The increased marine life may also result in the growth of the small seal colony that currently lives at Wallasea. Mud and plants also bring the added environmental benefit of absorbing pesticides and other pollutants. The wetland restoration began on Wallasea in 2006 when sea walls were breached on the northern edge of the island, next to the proposed new nature reserve. CROssrail’S Wallasea CONTRIBUTION At least two-thirds of all Crossrail excavated material, more than 4.5 million tonnes, will be used to create the new RSPB nature reserve at Wallasea Island. Earth from under central London is being carved out by 148 metre long, 1,000 tonne tunnel boring machines (TBMs). Eight TBMs will be used to build the new rail tunnels under London. Eighty-five per cent of earth will be transported by rail and water. This strategy has prevented the need for up to 270,000 lorry journeys. For Crossrail’s western tunnels between Royal Oak and Farringdon, the excavated material will be transported on freight trains from the tunnel entrance to the Northfleet temporary holding facility in Kent. It will then be loaded onto ships and delivered to Wallasea Island. A Train arriving at Westbourne Park CROssrail’S Earth from Crossrail’s eastern tunnels between Limmo Peninsula to Farringdon will emerge from the Limmo shaft at Canning Town. This material will travel Wallasea CONTRIBUTION via conveyor belts to Instone Wharf for loading onto ships to be transported to Wallasea Island. The first ship loads of material delivered to Wallasea Island have come from the Docklands transfer facility at Barking where 50,000 tonnes of earth has been stored after being excavated during works at Crossrail’s central London stations. The new Wallasea Island jetty was completed in July 2012. At its peak 10,000 tonnes of material will be unloaded from ships per day. The 180 metre long jetty can accommodate two ships being unloaded at one time. The works at Wallasea are being undertaken by contractor BAM Nuttall. At the peak, it is expected that four ships per day will be arriving at Wallasea Island with about 2,000 shiploads of material being delivered in total. With support and assistance from Crossrail, The Crouch Harbour Authority has carried out major improvements to the buoyage of the River Crouch approach channels from Whitaker Spit inwards to Burnham Fairway. Twenty ecologists are currently capturing, tagging and relocating reptiles from areas that are planned to be redesigned into a wetland environment. So far more than 800 reptiles (mostly lizards) have been captured and relocated to an area that will remain undisturbed for the duration of the project. ABOUT CROSSRAIL Crossrail is Europe’s largest construction project with a total funding envelope of £14.8 billion - it will deliver a 118 kilometre rail line that will link Maidenhead and Heathrow in the west with Shenfield and Abbey Wood in the east via 21 kilometres of twin tunnels under London (a total of 42 kilometres). Crossrail will begin services in the central section in 2018. When completed Crossrail will bring an extra 1.5 million people to within 45 minutes of London. Crossrail will increase the capacity of London’s rail based public transport network by 10 per cent. There will be 37 Crossrail stations including 7 new underground stations at Paddington, Bond Street, Tottenham Court Road, Farringdon, Liverpool Street, Whitechapel and Canary Wharf. It will link London’s key employment, leisure and business districts – Heathrow, West End, the City and Docklands – enabling further economic development to take place. Passengers will be able to travel from Heathrow to Tottenham Court Road in under 30 minutes and Paddington to Canary Wharf in 16 minutes. More than 4,000 people are now employed on Europe’s largest infrastructure project working across more than 40 worksites. About 1,300 supply chain contracts have already been advertised to companies. More than 95 per cent of the budget awarded to date is being spent in the UK. Tottenham Court Road Station Thousands of people will be employed in building Crossrail at the height of construction in 2013-15. Further jobs will be supported through the supply chain in London and in regionally-based manufacturers and suppliers. More than 400 apprenticeships will be created through Crossrail’s contractors. The new Tunnelling and Underground Construction Academy in east London will train up to 3,500 people with the skills required to work below ground. Prime Minister David Cameron addressing Crossrail apprentices TUNNELLING A total of eight tunnel boring machines will construct twin tunnels. Each tunnel will be 21 kilometres (13 miles) long. Tunnel boring machine, Phyllis, under assembly in west London Each TBM is a 1,000 tonne, 148 metres long underground factory. They are operated by ‘tunnel gangs’, each comprising of about twenty people - twelve people on the TBM itself and eight people working between the rear of the machine and the tunnel entrance. The TBMs will run nearly 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, stopping for only maintenance and certain public holidays. Phyllis was the first TBM to begin tunnelling in May, with Ada starting last month. They have constructed more than 700 metres of tunnels between Royal Oak and Paddington in west London. Elizabeth and Victoria will launch tunnelling for the eastern running tunnels this winter from Limmo Peninsula next to Canning Town station. Another two TBMs will leave from Pudding Mill Lane driving towards Stepney Green in late 2013. Two slurry TBMs, Sophia and Mary, will be used to construct the 2.6 km twin Thames Tunnel. They will be launched from Plumstead Portal in early 2013 and will tunnel westwards towards North Woolwich. Drive distances are: • Royal Oak to Farringdon east: 6.4 km; • Limmo Peninsula to Farringdon east: 8.3 km; • Pudding Mill Lane to Stepney Green: 2.7 km; • Limmo Peninsula to Victoria Dock Portal: 0.9 km (reusing one TBM from the Pudding Mill Lane to Stepney Green drive); • Plumstead to North Woolwich: 2.6 km. Tunnel boring machine, Phyllis, under assembly in west London Concrete segment being placed by the tunnel boring machine 250,000 tunnel segments will be used to line the 42 kilometres of Crossrail tunnels, which are being manufactured at Old Oak Common and Chatham Dockyard. Six million tonnes of excavated material will be removed - enough soil to fill the equivalent of Wembley Stadium to the roof three times. SUstainable CONSTRUCTION Crossrail has worked to lift the bar on environmental sustainability in the construction sector. Central to that is the reuse of excavated material at Wallasea Island, but its efforts do not end there. Ecology Ahead of excavated material arriving at Wallasea Island, wildlife that has made its home in the area has been relocated. This has included relocating more than 800 common lizards and adders caught at Wallasea Island this summer. Water voles are known to inhabit most of the island’s main ditch and Soke Dyke systems so Crossrail is working to provide new homes for these voles in neighbouring areas. At Canary Wharf, contractors ensured that more than 500 fish trapped in the work area were rescued and relocated with specialist help.