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Feasibility Study on Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting Network Project in Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka

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Feasibility Study on Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting Network Project in Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Ministry of Mass Media and Information（MMI） Feasibility Study On Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting Network Project in Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Final Report August 2014 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Yachiyo Engineering Co., Ltd. Table of Contents Table of Contents List of Figures and Tables Location Map Picture Abbreviations Executive Summary Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Background to the Study .................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Objectives of the Study ..................................................................................................... 1-1 1.3 Schedule of the Study ....................................................................................................... 1-1 1.4 Contents of the Study........................................................................................................ 1-7 1.4.1 1st Work in Japan (from the end of October to the end of November, 2012 and from the beginning of May to the middle of May, 2013) ........................................... 1-7 1.4.2 1st Work in Sri Lanka (from the middle of May to the middle of June, 2013) ........... 1-7 1.4.3 2nd Work in Japan (from the middle of June to the end of July, 2013) ...................... 1-8 1.4.4 2nd Work in Sri Lanka (from the end of July to the middle of September, 2013) ...... 1-8 1.4.5 3rd Work in Japan (from the middle of September to the end of October, 2013) ....... 1-8 1.4.6 3rd Work in Sri Lanka (from the end of October to the end of December, 2013) ...... 1-8 1.4.7 4th Work in Japan (from the middle of January to the end of January, 2014) ............ 1-8 1.4.8 4th Work in Sri Lanka (from the beginning of January to the end of February, 2014) ........................................................................................................... 1-8 1.4.9 5th Work in Japan (from the beginning of March to the beginning of August, 2014) 1-8 1.4.10 5th Work in Sri Lanka (from the beginning of June to the middle of June, 2014) ..... 1-9 1.5 Work outsourced in Japan ................................................................................................. 1-9 1.5.1 Electric Field Strength Measurement Survey ............................................................. 1-9 1.5.2 Frequency simulation .................................................................................................. 1-12 1.6 Records of the survey and Reports ................................................................................... 1-14 1.7 Structure of Support by the Sri Lanka Government, and the Study Team ........................ 1-16 1.7.1 Structure of Support by the Sri Lanka Government ....................................................... 1-16 1.7.2 JICA Study Team ........................................................................................................ 1-17 Chapter 2 Overview of the Country 2.1 Geography ........................................................................................................................ 2-1 2.2 Climate .............................................................................................................................. 2-1 2.3 Government ...................................................................................................................... 2-2 2.4 Population ......................................................................................................................... 2-4 2.4.1 Census Population ...................................................................................................... 2-4 2.4.2 Labor Force ................................................................................................................. 2-4 2.4.3 Race, Language and Religion ..................................................................................... 2-5 2.5 Economy ........................................................................................................................... 2-6 2.5.1 National Economy ...................................................................................................... 2-6 2.5.2 Transportation ............................................................................................................. 2-7 2.6 Electricity .......................................................................................................................... 2-7 2.7 Telecommunications ......................................................................................................... 2-9 2.8 Natural Disasters ............................................................................................................... 2-11 2.9 Japanese Assistance to Sri Lanka ..................................................................................... 2-12 2.10 Aid from Other Donors ..................................................................................................... 2-14 Chapter 3 Current State of the Broadcasting Sector 3.1 Key Players in Broadcasting Sector ................................................................................. 3-1 3.1.1 Supervising and Regulatory Agencies ........................................................................ 3-1 3.1.2 State-Run Broadcasters ............................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.3 Private Broadcasters in Sri Lanka ............................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Broadcasting-related Laws and Regulations ..................................................................... 3-3 3.2.1 Existing Laws ............................................................................................................. 3-3 3.3 Penetration of TV Broadcasting in Sri Lanka ................................................................... 3-4 3.3.1 TV Set Ownership ...................................................................................................... 3-4 3.3.2 Satellite TV and Cable TV Subscription Rates and Fee Structure .............................. 3-5 3.4 An Overview of Broadcasting Service Operation ............................................................ 3-5 3.4.1 State-run Broadcasting Stations .................................................................................. 3-6 3.4.2 Private Broadcasting Stations ..................................................................................... 3-6 Chapter 4 Transition Plan to DTTB 4.1 Review of ITU Roadmap for the Transition to DTTB ......................................................... 4-1 4.2 Matters to be Carried Out for Transition to DTTB............................................................... 4-7 4.2.1 Establishment of New Laws ....................................................................................... 4-7 4.2.2 DTTB Platform ........................................................................................................... 4-7 Chapter 5 Adaptability of ISDB-T Sri Lanka's Situation 5.1 Main Features of ISDB-T ................................................................................................. 5-1 5.2 Technical Adaptability ...................................................................................................... 5-4 5.2.1 Program Multiplexing and Frequency Assignment .................................................... 5-4 5.2.2 Channel Plan ............................................................................................................... 5-6 5.3 Adaptability with Social Background ............................................................................... 5-7 5.3.1 Suitability for Correction of Digital Divide ................................................................ 5-7 5.3.2 Adaptability in Education ........................................................................................... 5-9 5.3.3 Adaptability for persons with physical disabilities and the socially vulnerable ......... 5-10 5.3.4 Adaptability of One-seg Broadcasting ........................................................................ 5-10 5.3.5 Use of Mobile Telecommunications for Vitalizing the Society .................................. 5-11 5.3.6 Adaptability in Villages with No Electricity ............................................................... 5-11 Chapter 6 Environmental and Social Considerations 6.1 The National Plan and legal Frameworks Relating to the Environment in Sri Lanka ...... 6-1 6.1.1 The Level of the Environmental and Social Considerations Applied ......................... 6-1 6.1.2 EIA Procedure ............................................................................................................. 6-1 6.1.3 Outline of Organizations Involved in the Project ....................................................... 6-3 6.2 JICA Guidelines for Environmental and Social Considerations ....................................... 6-3 6.3 Environmental and Social Considerations Survey at the Comparison of Alternative Stage .......................................................................................................... 6-3 6.3.1 Comparison of Alternative .......................................................................................... 6-3 6.3.2 Scoping ....................................................................................................................... 6-7 6.3.3 Environmental and Social Considerations
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