POINT REYES FIELD TRIP IB 102 – April 14, 2008, Dean G. Kelch & Abigail Moore Including Samuel P. Taylor State park, Mt. Vision, Tomales Bay Marsh, North Beach, Drake’s Beach

Samuel P. Taylor State Park

Our first stop is a Redwood Forest, a subtype of the North Coastal Forest plant community. Dominant plants include Sequoia sempervirens and some of its competitors, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Umbellularia californica, and Lithocarpus densiflorus. Dennstaedtiaceae: Pteridium aquilinum Brassicaceae: Cardamine californica Dryopteridaceae: Cardamine oligosperma Dryopteris arguta Polystichum munitum Caprifoliaceae: Lonicera hispidula Polypodiaceae: Polypodium calirhiza Caryophyllaceae: Stellaria media Pteridaceae: Pentagramma triangularis Convolvulaceae: Calystegia sp. Taxaceae: Torreya californica Cucurbitaceae: Marah oreganus Cupressaceae: Sequoia sempervirens Cyperaceae: Carex sp. Pinaceae: Cyperus eragrostis Pseudotsuga menziesii Ericaceae: Sapindaceae (Aceraceae): Arbutus menziesii Acer macrophyllum Vaccinium ovatum

Anacardiaceae: Fabaceae: Toxicodendron diversilobum Lathyrus vestitus

Apiaceae: Heracleum lanatum Fagaceae: Osmorhiza chilensis Lithocarpus densiflorus Sanicula crassicaulis Torilis arvensis Lamiaceae: Stachys rigida ssp. ajugoides Asteraceae: Adenocaulon bicolor Lauraceae: Cirsium vulgare Umbellularia californica Cotula australis Madia madioides Myricaceae: Myrica californica Betulaceae: Alnus rubra Onagraceae: Corylus cornuta var. californica Epilobium californicum

Boraginaceae: Oxalidaceae: Myosotis latifolia Oxalis oregana Nemophila sp. Polygonaceae: Saxifragaceae: Rumex pulcher ? Tellima grandiflora

Portulacaceae: Scrophulariaceae: Claytonia perfoliata Scrophularia californica

Primulaceae: Violaceae: Trientalis latifolia Viola glabella ? Viola sempervirens Ranunculaceae: Actaea rubra Alliaceae: Ranunculus orthorhynchus ? Allium triquetrum

Rhamnaceae: Asparagaceae: Rhamnus californica Maianthemum racemosum Maianthemum stellatum Rosaceae: Fragaria californica Liliaceae: Holodiscus discolor Prosartes smithii Rosa gymnocarpa Scoliopus bigelovii Rubus discolor Rubus parviflorus Orchidaceae: Rubus ursinus Epipactis helleborine

Rubiaceae: Poaceae: Galium aparine Hierochloë odorata Galium triflorum Melica subulata ?

Trilliaceae: Trillium ovatum

Mt. Vision: Unburned Pinus muricata Forest

Next we stop at the unburned Bishop Pine (Pinus muricata) forest, part of the closed-cone conifer plant association. Pinus muricata is part of the P. radiata group of closed-cone pines along with P. attenuata. This forest is on acidic soil. Thus, members of the Ericaceae are common in the understory. There are a lot of cultivated plants in the vicinity of the parking lot. Our last stop will be at another area of this forest that was burned ten years ago. Blechnaceae: Blechnum spicant Anacardiaceae: Toxicodendron diversilobum Dennstaedtiaceae: Pteridium aquilinum Apiaceae: Sanicula crassicaulis Dryopteridaceae: Dryopteris arguta Aquifoliaceae: Polystichum munitum Ilex aquifolium

Cupressaceae: Araliaceae: Cupressus macrocarpa Hedera helix

Pinaceae: Asteraceae: Pinus muricata Baccharis pilularis Chrysanthemum segetum Aizoaceae: Cirsium vulgare Carpobrotus chilensis Erichtites minima Gnaphalium purpureum Fabaceae: Hypochaeris radicata Trifolium subterraneum Silybum marianum Vicia sativa Taraxacum officinale Fagaceae: Betulaceae: Chrysolepis chrysophylla Corylus cornuta var. californica Notholithocarpus densiflorus Quercus agrifolia Brassicaceae: Cardamine oligosperma Garryaceae: Garrya elliptica Caprifoliaceae: Lonicera hispidula Grossulariaceae: Sambucus racemosa Ribes sp. Symphoricarpos mollis Lamiaceae: Caryophyllaceae: Stachys rigida ssp. ajugoides Stellaria media Lauraceae: Cucurbitaceae: Umbellularia californica Marah fabaceus Marah oreganus Myricaceae: Myrica californica Ericaceae: Arbutus menziesii Oxalidaceae: Arctostaphylos virgata Oxalis pes-caprae Gaultheria shallon Ledum glandulosum Plantaginaceae: Vaccinium ovatum Plantago lanceolata

Platanaceae: Rubiaceae: Platanus x acerifolia Galium aparine Galium californicum Polygonaceae: Rumex acetosella Salicaceae: Salix scouleriana Portulacaceae: Claytonia parvifolia Scrophulariaceae: Mimulus aurantiacus Primulaceae: Trientalis latifolia Urticaceae: Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea Rhamnaceae: Ceanothus foliosus Violaceae: Ceanothus thyrsiflorus Viola glabella? Rhamnus californica Araceae: Rosaceae: Zantedeschia aethiopica Fragaria californica Holodiscus discolor Iridaceae: Oemleria cerasifera Iris douglasii Rubus parviflorus Rubus spectabilis Juncaceae: Rubus ursinus Luzula comosa Juncus effusus Juncus occidentalis? Poaceae: Hierochloë odorata Bromus carinatus

Tomales Bay Marsh

The marsh fits into the salt marsh plant community, as indicated by many salt-tolerant plants including Atriplex and Salicornia (Amaranthaceae), Jaumea (Asteraceae), Limonium (Plumbaginaceae), Frankenia (Tamaricaceae), Triglochin (Juncaginaceae), and Distichlis (Poaceae). The marsh mostly has native plants, but there are a lot of introduced, weedy plants in the area between the parking lot and the marsh.

Amaranthaceae: Oxalis corniculata Atriplex californicus Atriplex triangularis Plantaginaceae: Salicornia virginica Plantago lanceolata

Apiaceae: Plumbaginaceae: Conium maculatum Limonium californicum Foeniculum vulgare Polygonaceae: Apocynaceae: Polygonum marinense (E) Vinca major Rumex acetosella Rumex crispus Asteraceae: Achillea millefolium Primulaceae: Artemisia douglasiana Anagallis arvensis Baccharis pilularis Cotula coronopifolia Rosaceae: Grindelia hirsutula Rubus ursinus Jaumea carnosa Scrophulariaceae: Brassicaceae: Scrophularia californica Brassica campestris Raphanus sativus Tamaricaceae: Frankenia salina Fabaceae: Medicago polymorpha Juncaginaceae: Vicia faba Triglochin concinna Triglochin striata Geraniaceae: Erodium cicutarium Poaceae: Geranium dissectum Bromus carinatus Bromus hordeaceus Lamiaceae: Distichlis spicata Stachys rigida ssp. ajugoides Festuca arundinacea Hordeum murinum ssp. leporinum Oxalidaceae: Vulpia myuros

North Beach

The area of North Beach we will visit is a Coastal Strand community that is now dominated by the introduced iceplant, Carpobrotus. The Carpobrotus has been removed in some places allowing the native plants to remain. Conspicuous native plants include Ambrosia chamissonis (silver beachweed), Artemisia pycnocephala (beach wormwood), and the familiar Baccharis pilularis (coyote brush) in a dwarf form with small leaves. All three shrubs are members of the Asteraceae. Dennstaedtiaceae: Pteridium aquilinum Crassulaceae: Crassula connata Aizoaceae: Dudleya farinosa Carpobrotus chilensis Carpobrotus edulis Cucurbitaceae: Apiaceae: Marah fabaceus Lomatium dasycarpum Fabaceae: Asteraceae: Lupinus albifrons Achillea millefolium Ambrosia chamissonis Onagraceae: Artemisia pycnocephala Camissonia cheiranthifolia Baccharis pilularis Ericameria ericoides Papaveraceae: Gnaphalium stramineum Eschscholzia californica Grindelia stricta var. platyphylla ? Lasthenia californica Polygonaceae: Layia carnosa (E) Eriogonum latifolium Polygonum franciscanum Boraginaceae: Pterostegia drymarioides Cryptantha leiocarpa Nemophila menziesii Portulacaceae: Phacelia sp. Claytonia parvifolia

Brassicaceae: Rubiaceae: Cardamine oligosperma Galium aparine Erysimum concinnum (E) Poaceae: Caryophyllaceae: Ammophila arenaria Armeria maritima Poa douglasii Cardionema ramosissima Paronychia franciscana

Drake’s Beach

We will visit two hills on Drake’s Beach. They are separated by a pond and a willow thicket that was more extensive before the parking lot was built. This area is an example of a coastal prairie community. There is a high diversity of flowering plants supported by deep soils and lack of salt spray. Although the hills are near each other, each is dominated by a different group of plants. The inland hill is dominated by the grasses Nassella pulchra, purple needlegrass; Bromus carinatus, smooth brome; and Festuca idahoensis, Idaho fescue, while the coastal hill is dominated by Calamagrostis nutkaensis, reed grass, and Heracleum lanatum, cow parsnip.

Dennstaedtiaceae: Conium maculatum Pteridium aquilinum Eryngium cf. aristulatum Heracleum lanatum Equisetaceae: Hydrocotyle Equisetum telmateia ssp. gigantea Ligusticum apiifolium Oenanthe sarmentosa Anacardiaceae: Perideridia kelloggii ? Toxicodendron diversilobum Sanicula bipinnatifida Sanicula crassicaulis Apiaceae: Angelica tomentosa Asteraceae: Achillea millefolium Orobanchaceae Anaphalis margaritacea Castilleja affinis Aster lentus Baccharis pilularis Plantaginaceae: Cirsium quercetorum Plantago erecta Gnaphalium purpureum Plantago lanceolata Grindelia camporum Hypochaeris radicata Polygonaceae: Senecio vulgaris Eriogonum latifolium Silybum marianum Polygonum sp. Sonchus asper Rumex acetosella Wyethia angustifolia Portulacaceae: Berberidaceae: Claytonia perfoliata Berberis pinnata Primulaceae: Boraginaceae: Anagallis arvensis Phacelia nemoralis Rhamnaceae: Caryophyllaceae: Ceanothus thyrsiflorus Cerastium arvense Rhamnus californica Silene gallica Ranunculaceae: Convolvulaceae: Ranunculus californicus Calystegia purpurata Rosaceae: Crassulaceae: Fragaria chiloensis Dudleya farinosa Potentilla anserina Potentilla glandulosa Cucurbitaceae: Rubus spectabilis Marah fabaceus Rubus ursinus

Fabaceae: Rubiaceae: Lathyrus vestitus Galium aparine Lotus humistratus Lupinus chamissonis Salicaceae: Medicago polymorpha Salix lasiolepis Vicia sativa Scrophulariaceae: Geraniaceae: Mimulus aurantiacus Geranium dissectum Myoporum laetum

Lamiaceae: Solanaceae: Monardella villosa Solanum nigrum ? Prunella vulgaris Stachys rigida ssp. ajugoides Violaceae: Viola adunca Malvaceae: Sidalcea malviflora Asparagaceae: Chlorogalum pomeridianum Myricaceae: Myrica californica Cyperaceae: Carex cf. barbarae Onagraceae: Carex tumulicola Camissonia ovata Scirpus californicus Iridaceae: Calochortus tolmiei Iris douglasii Sisyrinchium bellum Poaceae: Briza minor Juncaceae: Bromus carinatus Juncus effusus Calamagrostis nutkaensis Juncus patens Festuca idahoensis Hordeum brachyantherum Nassella pulchra Liliaceae:

Mt. Vision, Bayview Trailhead—Burned Pinus muricata forest

This area would have had the same assemblage of species as the other Pinus muricata forest we visited before it was burned ten years ago. The fire opened up the understory and allowed chaparral species such as Baccharis pilularis and Ceanothus thyrsiflorus to become dominant. Shade-intolerant P. muricata seedlings are only able to establish on the sunnier margins of the chaparral and the road banks. Dennstaedtiaceae: Caryophyllaceae: Pteridium aquilinum Cerastium glomeratum Stellaria media Dryopteridaceae: Athyrium filix-femina Cucurbitaceae: Polystichum munitum Marah fabaceus Marah oreganus Pinaceae: Pinus muricata Ericaceae: Pseudotsuga menziesii Arbutus menziesii Gaultheria shallon Anacardiaceae: Vaccinium ovatum Toxicodendron diversilobum Fabaceae: Apiaceae: Lotus scoparius Heracleum lanatum Medicago polymorpha Vicia sativa Asteraceae: Anaphalis margaritacea Fagaceae: Artemisia douglasiana Chrysolepis chrysophylla Baccharis pilularis Lithocarpus densiflorus Cirsium brevistylum Quercus agrifolia Erichtites minima Filago gallica Grossulariaceae: Pseudognaphalium sp. Ribes sanguineum Hypochaeris radicata Lamiaceae: Betulaceae: Stachys rigida ssp. ajugoides Alnus rubra Lauraceae: Boraginaceae: Umbellularia californica Myosotis latifolia Myricaceae: Brassicaceae: Myrica californica Cardamine oligosperma Plantaginaceae: Caprifoliaceae: Plantago lanceolata Sambucus racemosa Polygalaceae: Saxifragaceae: Polygala californica Heuchera macrantha Tellima grandiflora Polygonaceae: Rumex acetosella Scrophulariaceae: Bacopa sp. Portulacaceae: Digitalis purpurea Claytonia perfoliata Mimulus aurantiacus Mimulus guttatus Primulaceae: Anagallis arvensis Urticaceae: Trientalis latifolia Urtica dioica ssp. holosericea

Ranunculaceae: Cyperaceae: Aquilegia formosa Carex praegracilis

Rhamnaceae: Iridaceae: Ceanothus thyrsiflorus Iris douglasii Rhamnus californica Sisyrinchium californicum

Rosaceae: Juncaceae: Fragaria californica Juncus effusus Rubus parviflorus Rubus ursinus Poaceae: Briza major Rubiaceae: Bromus carinatus Galium aparine Festuca arundinacea Galium californicum Melica torreyana