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Traditional Festival As a Tourism Event- Stakeholders' Influence On
Traditional Festival as a Tourism Event: Stakeholders’ Influence on the Dynamics of the Sendai Tanabata Festival in Japan YUJIE SHEN JAP4693 - Master’s Thesis in Modern Japan Master’s programme 30 credits Autumn 2020 Department of Culture Studies and Oriental Languages (IKOS) University of Oslo December 15, 2020 Summary A new method of analyzing traditional Japanese festivals (matsuri) based on event studies is presented. Stakeholders’ influence and their interactions redefine narratives of tradition. In Japan, the urbanization of society has transformed matsuri into tourism-oriented events. However, the influence of touristification on tradition has not yet been fully explored. This paper offers a close examination of a case study about the dynamics of the Sendai Tanabata Festival. Local newspaper archives were used as the primary source and adopted the stake- holder theory and social exchange theory from event studies to examine stakeholders’ power and interests, as well as their relationships. The results discovered that it is the conflicts of festival stakeholders throughout the years that shaped the Sendai Tanabata Festival to what it is like today. Although festival organizers and local residents are key players, both domestic and foreign tourists’ influence should also not be neglected. The inheritance of traditional cul- ture depends on its original community i.e. local residents. Depopulation and aging social problems have shifted the weight of festival ownership to tourists, as they contribute to the economic revitalization and regional development. As a result, festival organizers tend to tai- lor the festival to tourists’ tastes, which often leads to change or loss of tradition’s original festive meaning or the invention of a new tradition. -
Some Observations on the Weddings of Tokugawa Shogun╎s
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations School of Arts and Sciences October 2012 Some Observations on the Weddings of Tokugawa Shogun’s Daughters – Part 1 Cecilia S. Seigle Ph.D. University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/ealc Part of the Asian Studies Commons, Economics Commons, Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Seigle, Cecilia S. Ph.D., "Some Observations on the Weddings of Tokugawa Shogun’s Daughters – Part 1" (2012). Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations. 7. https://repository.upenn.edu/ealc/7 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/ealc/7 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Some Observations on the Weddings of Tokugawa Shogun’s Daughters – Part 1 Abstract In this study I shall discuss the marriage politics of Japan's early ruling families (mainly from the 6th to the 12th centuries) and the adaptation of these practices to new circumstances by the leaders of the following centuries. Marriage politics culminated with the founder of the Edo bakufu, the first shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu (1542-1616). To show how practices continued to change, I shall discuss the weddings given by the fifth shogun sunaT yoshi (1646-1709) and the eighth shogun Yoshimune (1684-1751). The marriages of Tsunayoshi's natural and adopted daughters reveal his motivations for the adoptions and for his choice of the daughters’ husbands. The marriages of Yoshimune's adopted daughters show how his atypical philosophy of rulership resulted in a break with the earlier Tokugawa marriage politics. -
Representations of Pleasure and Worship in Sankei Mandara Talia J
Mapping Sacred Spaces: Representations of Pleasure and Worship in Sankei mandara Talia J. Andrei Submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Columbia University 2016 © 2016 Talia J.Andrei All rights reserved Abstract Mapping Sacred Spaces: Representations of Pleasure and Worship in Sankei Mandara Talia J. Andrei This dissertation examines the historical and artistic circumstances behind the emergence in late medieval Japan of a short-lived genre of painting referred to as sankei mandara (pilgrimage mandalas). The paintings are large-scale topographical depictions of sacred sites and served as promotional material for temples and shrines in need of financial support to encourage pilgrimage, offering travelers worldly and spiritual benefits while inspiring them to donate liberally. Itinerant monks and nuns used the mandara in recitation performances (etoki) to lead audiences on virtual pilgrimages, decoding the pictorial clues and touting the benefits of the site shown. Addressing themselves to the newly risen commoner class following the collapse of the aristocratic order, sankei mandara depict commoners in the role of patron and pilgrim, the first instance of them being portrayed this way, alongside warriors and aristocrats as they make their way to the sites, enjoying the local delights, and worship on the sacred grounds. Together with the novel subject material, a new artistic language was created— schematic, colorful and bold. We begin by locating sankei mandara’s artistic roots and influences and then proceed to investigate the individual mandara devoted to three sacred sites: Mt. Fuji, Kiyomizudera and Ise Shrine (a sacred mountain, temple and shrine, respectively). -
Powerful Warriors and Influential Clergy Interaction and Conflict Between the Kamakura Bakufu and Religious Institutions
UNIVERSITY OF HAWAllllBRARI Powerful Warriors and Influential Clergy Interaction and Conflict between the Kamakura Bakufu and Religious Institutions A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY MAY 2003 By Roy Ron Dissertation Committee: H. Paul Varley, Chairperson George J. Tanabe, Jr. Edward Davis Sharon A. Minichiello Robert Huey ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Writing a doctoral dissertation is quite an endeavor. What makes this endeavor possible is advice and support we get from teachers, friends, and family. The five members of my doctoral committee deserve many thanks for their patience and support. Special thanks go to Professor George Tanabe for stimulating discussions on Kamakura Buddhism, and at times, on human nature. But as every doctoral candidate knows, it is the doctoral advisor who is most influential. In that respect, I was truly fortunate to have Professor Paul Varley as my advisor. His sharp scholarly criticism was wonderfully balanced by his kindness and continuous support. I can only wish others have such an advisor. Professors Fred Notehelfer and Will Bodiford at UCLA, and Jeffrey Mass at Stanford, greatly influenced my development as a scholar. Professor Mass, who first introduced me to the complex world of medieval documents and Kamakura institutions, continued to encourage me until shortly before his untimely death. I would like to extend my deepest gratitude to them. In Japan, I would like to extend my appreciation and gratitude to Professors Imai Masaharu and Hayashi Yuzuru for their time, patience, and most valuable guidance. -
The Hachiman Cult and the Dokyo Incident Author(S): Ross Bender Source: Monumenta Nipponica, Vol
The Hachiman Cult and the Dokyo Incident Author(s): Ross Bender Source: Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 34, No. 2 (Summer, 1979), pp. 125-153 Published by: Sophia University Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2384320 Accessed: 17-03-2016 17:03 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Sophia University is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Monumenta Nipponica. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 77.80.42.241 on Thu, 17 Mar 2016 17:03:08 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions The Hachiman Cult and the D6ky6 Incident by Ross BENDER XO I NE of the gravest assaults ever made on the Japanese imperial institution was launched by the Buddhist priest D6ky6' in the 760s. Dokyo, who came from a clan of the low-ranking provincial aristocracy, gained the affection of the retired Empress K6ken2 in 761 and proceeded to gather political power to himself; by the end of the decade he stood as the paramount figure in the court bureaucracy and had already begun to usurp imperial prerogatives. It was in 769 that an oracle from the shrine of Hachiman in Kyushu was reported to Nara: the god prophesied peace in the realm if Dokyo were proclaimed em- peror. -
Women and Japanese Buddhism
Barbara Ruch, ed.. Engendering Faith: Women and Buddhism in Premodern Japan. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002. Illustrations, charts, maps. lxxviii + 706 pp. $69.00, cloth, ISBN 978-1-929280-15-5. Reviewed by Michiko Yusa Published on H-Buddhism (August, 2009) Commissioned by A. Charles Muller (University of Tokyo) This book marks a clear departure from the this process, and feminist scholarship, too, made male-oriented foci of traditional scholarship on its contribution. That the recent volume of the Ja‐ Japanese Buddhism and ventures to reconstruct panese Journal of Religious Studies ( JJRS, 2003, its history by incorporating women's voices.[1] All edited by Noriko Kawahashi and Masako Kuroki) of the essays address, from diverse angles, wom‐ is dedicated to "Feminism and Religion in Contem‐ en's roles in the history of Japanese Buddhism. porary Japan" speaks for the healthy unfolding of The volume begins with a foreword and preface, feminist studies in Japan, as this issue marks the followed by twenty-three weighty essays, inter‐ twentieth anniversary of the 1983 special issue of spersed with ninety-five illustrations, charts, and JJRS, "Women and Religion in Japan," the guest ed‐ maps, many of which are in full color; a list of itor of which was the late Kyōko Nakamura. characters; a selected bibliography; an index; and Indeed, Japanese society's acknowledgement information about the contributors. One of the of the importance of women's issues helped to distinctive features of this book is that it contains create the academic discipline of women's studies a substantial number of essays by a younger gen‐ as well as to promote the study of women in the eration of Japanese scholars, all translated into history of Japanese religions. -
Buddhist Sculpture and the State: the Great Temples of Nara Samuel Morse, Amherst College November 22, 2013
Arts of Asia Lecture Series Fall 2013 The Culture and Arts of Korea and Early Japan Sponsored by The Society for Asian Art Buddhist Sculpture and the State: The Great Temples of Nara Samuel Morse, Amherst College November 22, 2013 Brief Chronology 694 Founding of the Fujiwara Capital 708 Decision to move the capital again is made 710 Founding of the Heijō (Nara) Capital 714 Kōfukuji is founded 716 Gangōji (Hōkōji) is moved to Heijō 717 Daianji (Daikandaiji) is moved to Heijō 718 Yakushiji is moved to Heijō 741 Shōmu orders the establishment of a national system of monasteries and nunneries 743 Shōmu vows to make a giant gilt-bronze statue of the Cosmic Buddha 747 Casting of the Great Buddha is begun 752 Dedication of the Great Buddha 768 Establishment of Kasuga Shrine 784 Heijō is abandoned; Nagaoka Capital is founded 794 Heian (Kyoto) is founded Yakushiji First established at the Fujiwara Capital in 680 by Emperor Tenmu on the occasion of the illness of his consort, Unonosarara, who later took the throne as Empress Jitō. Moved to Heijō in 718. Important extant eighth century works of art include: Three-storied Pagoda Main Image, a bronze triad of the Healing Buddha, ca. 725 Kōfukuji Tutelary temple of the Fujiwara clan, founded in 714. One of the most influential monastic centers in Japan throughout the temple's history. Original location of the statues of Bonten and Taishaku ten in the collection of the Asian Art Museum. Important extant eighth century works include: Statues of the Ten Great Disciples of the Buddha Statues of the Eight Classes of Divine Protectors of the Buddhist Faith Tōdaiji Temple established by the sovereign, Emperor Shōmu, and his consort, Empress Kōmyō as the central institution of a countrywide system of monasteries and nunneries. -
THE SOCIO-POLITICAL FUNCTIONS of JAPANESE “VENGEFUL SPIRIT” HANDSCROLLS, 1150-1230 by Sara Lorraine Sumpter Bachelor of Arts
THE SOCIO-POLITICAL FUNCTIONS OF JAPANESE “VENGEFUL SPIRIT” HANDSCROLLS, 1150-1230 by Sara Lorraine Sumpter Bachelor of Arts, University of California, Davis, 2006 Master of Arts, University of Pittsburgh, 2009 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts & Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2016 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH KENNETH P. DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS & SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Sara L. Sumpter It was defended on March 21, 2016 and approved by Katheryn M. Linduff, UCIS Research Professor, History of Art and Architecture Josh Ellenbogen, Associate Professor, History of Art and Architecture Clark Chilson, Associate Professor, Religious Studies Dissertation Advisor: Karen M. Gerhart, Professor, History of Art and Architecture ii Copyright © by Sara L. Sumpter 2016 iii THE SOCIO-POLITICAL FUNCTIONS OF JAPANESE “VENGEFUL SPIRIT” HANDSCROLLS, 1150-1230 Sara Lorraine Sumpter, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2016 The second half of the twelfth century witnessed a curious boom at the Heian Court in Japan— the production of illustrated handscrolls whose narratives centered on a specific type of historical figure. Within a span of fifty years or less, three such handscroll sets were produced: the Kibi Daijin nittō emaki, the Ban Dainagon emaki, and the Kitano Tenjin engi emaki. In each story, the protagonist is an aristocrat who had lived three-to-four-hundred years previous to the production of the handscroll set. Each of the men in question had died in exile, and each was—at one point or another—believed to have become a vengeful spirit. -
MISHIMA AESTHETIC TERRORIST an Intellectual Portrait
MISHIMA AESTHETIC TERRORIST 6810_Book_V3.indd 1 7/24/18 12:55 PM 6810_Book_V3.indd 2 7/24/18 12:55 PM MISHIMA AESTHETIC TERRORIST An Intellectual Portrait Andrew Rankin University of Hawai‘i Press Honolulu 6810_Book_V3.indd 3 7/24/18 12:55 PM © 2018 Andrew Rankin All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America 23 22 21 20 19 18 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Rankin, Andrew, author. Title: Mishima, aesthetic terrorist : an intellectual portrait / Andrew Rankin. Description: Honolulu : University of Hawai‘i Press, [2018] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018007919 | ISBN 9780824873745 (cloth ; alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Mishima, Yukio, 1925–1970—Criticism and interpretation. Classification: LCC PL833.I7 Z79 2018 | DDC 895.63/5—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018007919 Cover art: “Ordeal by Roses,” photo by Eikoh Hosoe. Used with permission. University of Hawai‘i Press books are printed on acid-free paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Council on Library Resources. 6810_Book_V3.indd 4 7/24/18 12:55 PM Dedicated to my parents David and Margaret Rankin 6810_Book_V3.indd 5 7/24/18 12:55 PM 6810_Book_V3.indd 6 7/24/18 12:55 PM CONTENTS Author’s Note ix Introduction 1 Chapter 1. A Zone of Unfeeling 12 Chapter 2. Problems of Beauty 21 Chapter 3. Originality in the Arrangement of Fate 41 Chapter 4. The Leap of Narcissus 73 Chapter 5. Intoxicating Illusions 86 Chapter 6. The Totality of Culture 120 Chapter 7. -
Yamahage a Studyyamahage of Folk Culture in Japan a Study of Folk Culture in Japan
国際教養大学課題解決型科目授業報告書 Online Edition: ISSN 2188-4153 Print Edition: ISSN 2188-4145 Akita International University Akita International University Yamahage A studyYamahage of Folk Culture in Japan A study of Folk Culture in Japan Written & Editted by Brandon GUICHARD Daisuke SAKAI WrittenRyoko IEDA& Editted by Ellen USUI Sara BIRNBAUM Yukari YOKOYAMA Brandon GUICHARDNatalie IRVING DaisukeTekle SAKAI JASENKAITE Ryoko IEDAAnna ‘Steve’ WHEELER Ellen USUI& Sara BIRNBAUMElm SANO Yukari YOKOYAMADr. Darren ASHMORE Natalie IRVING Tekle JASENKAITE Anna ‘Steve’ WHEELER & Elm SANO Dr. Darren ASHMORE Akita International University Yamahage A study of Folk Culture in Japan Written & Editted by Brandon GUICHARD Daisuke SAKAI Ryoko IEDA Ellen USUI Sara BIRNBAUM Yukari YOKOYAMA Natalie IRVING Tekle JASENKAITE Anna ‘Steve’ WHEELER & Elm SANO Dr. Darren ASHMORE Table of Content Acknowledgments Introduction I. Sixteen Theses on Folk Culture (by Brandon Guichard) p. 6 II. What is Culture? (by Daisuke Sakai) p. 23 III. Introduction to Japanese Folkloristics and Religion (by Ryoko Ieda) p. 33 IV. Visualizing Fear: Representations of Folklore in Japanese Media (by Sara Birnbaum) p. 41 V. Survival of Folk Culture: Through Change and Tourism (by Natalie Irving) p. 52 VI. Aesthetics in Folk Culture (by Anna Wheeler) p. 62 VII. All in a Glass of Night: The Yamahage of Hirasawa (by Dr. Darren Ashmore and Ellen Usui) p. 72 VIII. Taboo in Traditional Folk Culture: Participation of Outsiders and Women (by Yukari Yokoyama) p. 80 IX. Psychology of the Mask: Yamahage (by Tekle Jasenkaite) p. 88 X. Conclusion (by Brandon Guichard and Elm Sano) p. 99 3 Acknowledgement We would like to thank all the members of the Akita community who allowed us to eat and drink in their homes, interview them, and become Yamahage in their community. -
Revisiting the Dragon Princess Her Role in Medieval Engi Stories and Their Implications in Reading the Lotus Sutra
Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 42/1: 27–70 © 2015 Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture Ryūichi Abé Revisiting the Dragon Princess Her Role in Medieval Engi Stories and Their Implications in Reading the Lotus Sutra This article examines how the Dragon Princess, one of the most celebrated characters in the Lotus Sutra, is represented in the noh drama Ama and the Heike Nōkyō sutra set. By doing so, it debunks the prevailing consensus in understanding the Dragon Princess and her episode in the sutra, and illus- trates a hitherto unnoticed intrinsic affinity between medieval Japanese engi stories and Buddhist scriptural narratives. keywords: Lotus Sutra—Dragon Princess—henjō nanshi—ryūnyo jōbutsu— Buddhism—gender and narrativity—Heike nōkyō—ama (female diver) Ryūichi Abé is Edwin O. Reischauer Institute Professor of Japanese Religions, Harvard University. 27 he Heike nōkyō, a twelfth-century set of thirty-three scriptural scrolls preserved at Itsukushima Shrine in Hiroshima Prefecture, is one of the most sumptuous and elaborate examples of medieval Japanese illustrated TBuddhist scriptural manuscripts. One of the scrolls, the “Devadatta” chapter of the Lotus Sutra, bears a frontispiece that features the Dragon Princess, the cel- ebrated protagonist of the chapter (figure 1). The illustration is arguably the most sublime representation of the princess in visual art. Although recent stud- ies of the Dragon Princess have made her famous for her sudden change of sex and transformation into a Buddha, the princess in the frontispiece simply offers her jewel to the Buddha. She shows no sign of physical metamorphosis. What sort of interpretive strategies are required to understand her act as represented in the frontispiece? Engi Literature and Buddhist Scriptural Narratives This article aims at illustrating an intrinsic affinity between medieval Japanese engi 縁起 materials in textual, performative, and visual genres, and Buddhist scriptural materials. -
A Guide to Japanese Buddhism
AA GuideGuide toto JapaneseJapanese BuddhismBuddhism Japan Buddhist Federation HAN DD ET U 'S B B O RY eOK LIBRA E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.buddhanet.net Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc. A Guide to Japanese Buddhism Japan Buddhist Federation A Guide to Japanese Buddhism First edition published: October 2004 Published by: Japan Buddhist Federation Meisho Kaikan Hall 2F, 4–7–4, Shiba-koen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0011, Japan Phone: +81–3–3437–9275 Fax: +81–3–3437–3260 E-mail: [email protected] URL: http://www.jbf.ne.jp Edited by: Rev. Kōdō Matsunami Designed and printed by: JABICS (Japanese Buddhism International Communications Service) Department, Omega-Com, Inc. Mita Keio Busidence 2F, 2–14–4, Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108–0073, Japan © 2004 by Japan Buddhist Federation. All rights reserved. Contents PREFACE.......................................................................................................................ii Part I A Brief History of Buddhism in Japan 1.. BUDDHISM INTRODUCED.TO.JAPAN....................................................................... 1 2. THE NARA.PERIOD.(A.D..710–784).....................................................................3 3. THE HEIAN.PERIOD.(A.D..794–1185)..................................................................7 4. THE.KAMAKURA.PERIOD.(A.D..1192–1333)......................................................10 5. THE MUROMACHI.PERIOD.(A.D..1336–1573)...................................................15 6. THE MOMOYAMA.PERIOD.(A.D..1573–1603)...................................................16