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FOR KWANDEBELE (WESTERN HIGHVELD) REGION WATER AUGMENTATION PROJECT IN THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH THE REPUBLIC OF IN PROJECT AUGMENTATION WATER (WESTERN HIGHVELD) REGION FOR KWANDEBELE (SAPS) SUSTAINABILITY FOR PROJECT ASSISTANCE SPECIAL REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA DEPARTMENT OF WATER AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA DEPARTMENT OF WATER AFFAIRS DEPARTMENTREPUBLIC OF SOUTHOF WATER AFRICA AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT OF WATER AFFAIRS SPECIAL ASSISTANCE FOR SPECIAL ASSISTANCE FOR PROJECTSPECIAL SUSTAINABILITY ASSISTANCE FOR (SAPS) PROJECTSPECIAL SUSTAINABILITY ASSISTANCE FOR (SAPS) PROJECT SUSTAINABILITYFOR (SAPS) PROJECT SUSTAINABILITY (SAPS) FOR KWANDEBELE (WESTERNFOR HIGHVELD) KWANDEBELE (WESTERNFOR HIGHVELD) KWANDEBELE REGION(WESTERN HIGHVELD) KWANDEBELE (WESTERN HIGHVELD) REGION WATER AUGMENTATIONREGION PROJECT WATER AUGMENTATIONREGION PROJECT INWATER THE REPUBLIC AUGMENTATION OF SOUTH PROJECT AFRICA WATER AUGMENTATION PROJECT IN THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA IN THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA FINAL REPORT FINAL REPORT FINAL REPORT FINAL REPORT FINAL MARCH 2012 MARCH 2012 MARCH 2012 MARCH 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY JAPAN INTERNATIONALYACHIYO ENGINEERING COOPERATION CO., LTD. AGENCY AFD AFDJR YACHIYO ENGINEERING CO., LTD. AFD 12-003AFD AFDJR YACHIYO ENGINEERING CO., LTD. AFDJRJR 12-003JR 1212-003JR - 003 12-003 12-003 FOR KWANDEBELE (WESTERN HIGHVELD) REGION WATER AUGMENTATION PROJECT IN THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA SOUTH THE REPUBLIC OF IN PROJECT AUGMENTATION WATER (WESTERN HIGHVELD) REGION FOR KWANDEBELE (SAPS) SUSTAINABILITY FOR PROJECT ASSISTANCE SPECIAL REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA DEPARTMENT OF WATER AFFAIRS REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA DEPARTMENT OF WATER AFFAIRS DEPARTMENTREPUBLIC OF SOUTHOF WATER AFRICA AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT OF WATER AFFAIRS SPECIAL ASSISTANCE FOR SPECIAL ASSISTANCE FOR PROJECTSPECIAL SUSTAINABILITY ASSISTANCE FOR (SAPS) PROJECTSPECIAL SUSTAINABILITY ASSISTANCE FOR (SAPS) PROJECT SUSTAINABILITYFOR (SAPS) PROJECT SUSTAINABILITY (SAPS) FOR KWANDEBELE (WESTERNFOR HIGHVELD) KWANDEBELE (WESTERNFOR HIGHVELD) KWANDEBELE REGION(WESTERN HIGHVELD) KWANDEBELE (WESTERN HIGHVELD) REGION WATER AUGMENTATIONREGION PROJECT WATER AUGMENTATIONREGION PROJECT INWATER THE REPUBLIC AUGMENTATION OF SOUTH PROJECT AFRICA WATER AUGMENTATION PROJECT IN THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA IN THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA FINAL REPORT FINAL REPORT FINAL REPORT FINAL REPORT FINAL MARCH 2012 MARCH 2012 MARCH 2012 MARCH 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY JAPAN INTERNATIONALYACHIYO ENGINEERING COOPERATION CO., LTD. AGENCY AFD AFDJR YACHIYO ENGINEERING CO., LTD. AFD 12-003 AFDJR YACHIYO ENGINEERING CO., LTD. AFDJR 12-003JR 12-003JR 12-003 12-003 ZIMBABWE Limpopo MOZAMBIQUE Polokwane BOTSWANA (Pietersburg) Mbombela (Nelspruit) Tshwane (Pretoria) Mafikeng Johannesburg Mpumalanga North West Gauteng SWAZILAND NAMBIA KwaZulu-Tatal Kimberley Free State Mangaung (Bloemfontein) Pietermaritzburg LESOTHO Northern Cape Durban A T L A N T I C O C E A N Eastern Cape Bisho East London Western Cape I N D I A N O C E A N Cape Town Port Elizabeth National Map of South Africa and Location of Relevant Provinces Legend : Boundary of Local Municipality (LM) Fetakgomo LM : Boudanry of District Municipality (DM) and Metropolitan Municipality (MM) Limpopo : Seat of DM Greater : Study Area (Western Highveld) Tubatse LM Makhuduthamaga LM Sekhukhune DM Ephraim Mogale LM Marble Hall Dr JS Moroka LM Groblersdal Elias Motsoaledi LM Mbombela Thembisile Hani LM (Nelspruit) Emakhazeni LM Tshwane MM Nkangala DM Bronkhorstspruit Tshwane Middelburg (Pretoria) Witbank Steve Tshwete LM Emalahleni LM Delmas LM Johannesburg Mpumalanga Gauteng Location Map Special Assistance for Project Sustainability (SAPS) for Kwandebele (Western Highveld) Region Water Augmentation Project in the Republic of South Africa CONTENTS Location Map Table of Contents List of Figures and Tables Abbreviation Executive Summary Main Report Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 OUTLINE OF THE STUDY .................................................................................. 1- 1 1.1 Background of the Study ...................................................................................................... 1- 1 1.2 Objective of the Study .......................................................................................................... 1- 1 1.3 Study Area ............................................................................................................................ 1- 1 1.4 Scope of the Study ................................................................................................................ 1- 2 CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF EXISTING MASTER PLAN AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES .. 2- 1 2.1 Objective ............................................................................................................................... 2- 1 2.2 Master Plan and Feasibility Studies Reviewed ..................................................................... 2- 1 2.3 Water Sources ....................................................................................................................... 2- 4 2.3.1 Existing Reports ......................................................................................................... 2- 4 2.3.2 Current Performance of the Existing Facilities compared with the Design Capacities ................................................................................................ 2- 4 2.3.3 Possible Volume of Water at Drought Risk ............................................................... 2- 4 2.3.4 New Source of Water ................................................................................................. 2- 5 2.3.5 Review Comments ..................................................................................................... 2- 6 2.4 Water Demand Forecast ....................................................................................................... 2- 7 2.4.1 Report on Water Demand Forecast ............................................................................ 2- 7 2.4.2 Population Projection Option 1 in the WHR Pre-FS ................................................. 2- 7 2.4.3 Population Projection Option 2 in the WHR FS ........................................................ 2- 8 2.4.4 Water Demand Forecast ............................................................................................. 2- 9 2.4.4.1 The Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) ................................. 2- 9 2.4.4.2 The Current Situation of the Western Highveld Region ..................................... 2- 9 2.4.4.3 Water Demand Forecast ...................................................................................... 2- 9 2.4.5 Review and Remarks ................................................................................................ 2-10 2.4.5.1 Population Projection ......................................................................................... 2-10 2.4.5.2 Water Demand Forecast ..................................................................................... 2-10 CHAPTER 3 CURRENT STATUS OF THE WATER SUPPLY SERVICE ........................... 3- 1 3.1 Overview of Water Supply Service ...................................................................................... 3- 1 3.1.1 Service Area and Served Population ....................................................................... 3- 1 3.1.2 Water Supply Situation by Service Level ................................................................ 3- 1 3.1.3 Situation of Time-Restricted Water Supply ............................................................ 3- 2 3.1.4 Situation of Illegal Connections .............................................................................. 3- 3 3.1.5 Design and Actual Capacity of the Western Highveld Regional Water Supply Scheme .................................................................................................................... 3- 6 3.1.6 Design Capacity and Supply / Demand Balance in 2010 ........................................ 3- 6 3.1.7 Overview of Water Supply Service ......................................................................... 3- 8 3.2 Existing Water Supply Facilities ......................................................................................... 3-10 3.2.1 Water Source .......................................................................................................... 3-10 3.2.2 Water Treatment Works ......................................................................................... 3-14 3.2.3 Transmission Facilities ........................................................................................... 3-16 i Special Assistance for Project Sustainability (SAPS) for Kwandebele (Western Highveld) Region Water Augmentation Project in the Republic of South Africa 3.2.4 Reservoir ................................................................................................................. 3-19 3.2.5 Distribution Pipeline and Water Service Level ...................................................... 3-22 3.3 Current Institutional Capacity .............................................................................................. 3-23 3.4 Status Quo of Operation and Maintenance .......................................................................... 3-24 CHAPTER 4 PILOT SURVEY ....................................................................................................