Transverse Arch Importance Overstated 17 Highlights

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Transverse Arch Importance Overstated 17 Highlights 13 LETTER: TRANSVERSE ARCH IMPORTANCE OVERSTATED 17 HIGHLIGHTS FROM SAWC FALL 2020 VIRTUAL 23 FROM THE LITERATURE 27 MISSIVES FROM THE 3D FRONT LINES 43 LER PEDIATRICS: COACHING TOWARD COGNITIVE ABILITIES 49 PATIENT GUIDANCE: THREE EASY STEPS TO ELIMINATING HEEL PAIN T 800.556.5572 10300 North Enterprise Drive I Mequon, WI 53092 I U.S.A. drcomfort.com I Copyright © 2019 by DJO, LLC I MKT00-8854 Rev A BALANCE. if any, which may be appropriate for you. @drcomfort Dr.Comfort Individual results may vary. Neither DJO Global, Inc. normedical, any of its subsidiaries legal, or any dispense other type medical of professional advice. The advice. contents Rather, of please this sheet consult do not constitute your healthcare professional for information on the courses of treatment, Our new Stability Outsole combines a dual density midsole on the medial side, an EVA and rubber bottom and a wider outsole to aid stability and support. Now available on Roger and Ruth, our newest men’s and women’s athleisure shoe. dr.comfort.com OM19-MKT00-8854-RevA-DRC-Roger-Ruth-LER-Spread-Print-Ad_r3.indd 1 7/8/19 1:43 PM T 800.556.5572 10300 North Enterprise Drive I Mequon, WI 53092 I U.S.A. drcomfort.com I Copyright © 2019 by DJO, LLC I MKT00-8854 Rev A BALANCE. if any, which may be appropriate for you. @drcomfort Dr.Comfort Individual results may vary. Neither DJO Global, Inc. normedical, any of its subsidiaries legal, or any dispense other type medical of professional advice. The advice. contents Rather, of please this sheet consult do not constitute your healthcare professional for information on the courses of treatment, Our new Stability Outsole combines a dual density midsole on the medial side, an EVA and rubber bottom and a wider outsole to aid stability and support. Now available on Roger and Ruth, our newest men’s and women’s athleisure shoe. dr.comfort.com OM19-MKT00-8854-RevA-DRC-Roger-Ruth-LER-Spread-Print-Ad_r3.indd 1 7/8/19 1:43 PM WHAT WE CREATE HERE GETS PEOPLE HERE DEDICATION. INNOVATION. INSPIRATION Join us in creating the best custom orthotics in the business CALL US TO GET STARTED WITH FOOTMAXX 1.800.779.3668 Ler Sept 2.indd 1 9/18/20 11:01 AM November 2020 contents VOLUME 12 NUMBER 11 LERMAGAZINE.COM EDITORIAL APPRECIATION COVER STORY POSTCARDS FROM MAIN STREET 9 2020: THE YEAR THAT WAS! 2020 may be in the rearview 27 MISSIVES FROM THE 3D mirror, but we would be remiss FRONT LINES if we didn’t thank all those who 3D printing has been making helped us through what was, countless inroads into everyday arguably, the most trying year work routines. Here, O&P we as a country have gone through. But we’re still professionals from around the standing thanks to all mentioned here. 33 CLINICAL APPLICATIONS country share their use of 3D OF CUSTOM 3D PRINTED technology. By Janice T. Radak, Editor, and Rich Dubin, IMPLANTS IN COMPLEX Publisher LOWER EXTREMITY By Janice T. Radak & Friends RECONSTRUCTION Four cases of complex lower extremity reconstruction LETTER TO THE EDITOR – failed total ankle arthroplasty, talus avascular LER PEDIATRICS 13 TRANSVERSE ARCH necrosis, ballistic trauma, and nonunion of a tibial osteotomy – showcase how 3D printing technology 43 CAN’T VS DOESN’T IMPORTANCE OVERSTATED allows for innovative solutions. UNDERSTAND: COACHING Responding to a September 2020 LER article on the TOWARD COGNITIVE ABILITIES importance of the transverse arch, this author notes By Rishin J. Kadakia, MD, Colleen M. Wixted, Successful patient care requires missing sources that offer counter evidence. Nicholas B. Allen, Andrew E. Hanselman, MD, and Samuel B. Adams, MD good communication. This By Kevin A. Kirby, DPM author, an expert in dealing with patients of all ages on the Autism HIGHLIGHTS FROM SAWC Spectrum, offers insights for meeting patients where they are. AD INDEX 17 • Hematoma Algorithm May Improve Outcomes By Eric Chessen, MS 57 GET CONTACT INFO FOR ALL OF • Gellable Fiber Dressing in Chronic OUR ADVERTISERS Venous Leg Ulcers PATIENT GUIDANCE • Measuring Topical Oxygen Therapy NEW & NOTEWORTHY Result with NIRS 49 THREE EASY STEPS TO ELIMINATING HEEL PAIN 58 PRODUCTS, ASSOCIATION A take-home primer for patients NEWS & MARKET UPDATES FROM THE LITERATURE with plantar fasciitis. • Low Energy Increases Fall Risk in CROSSWORD PUZZLE 21 By Paul J. Betschart, DPM, Older Adults FACFAS 62 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF • Don’t Try This for Ankle Stability INFORMATION FROM THIS • 3D Printed Insoles Offer New Hope ISSUE for Patients with Diabetes The views and opinions expressed in this issue are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of Lower Extremity Review. “My patients keep thanking me… for relieving their foot problems with PediFix® Medical Footcare Products” “I save valuable time not having to make palliative pads and get excellent results with the PediFix line,” adds another specialist. Your patients will express their gratitude too, for the instant and long-lasting pain relief you’ll provide with Conservative Care Footcare Products from PediFix. Don’t be fooled by imitations. Our proven designs, Congrats exclusive materials and old-world craftsmanship combine to provide you and your patients with durable to Rich devices that really work. For deformity cushioning, prominence and lesion protection, pressure and shear & LER! reduction, choose from these and dozens more ready-made medical footcare products from PediFix®. Budin™ Toe Splints Hammer Toe Crests align crooked, overlapping and support bent-under toes to relieve flexible hammer toes. #8155/57/58 toe-tip irritation, metatarsal pain, make walking easier. Choose Felt, Suede, or Gel. 3-Layer Toe Separators™ Covered PolyFoam™ Toe Caps cushion, soothe and separate. offer full toe protection. #8130 #8134/5 Effective. Economical. Easy. Yes! Please send me: ☐ Free Catalog ☐ Free Product Sample PRODUCT NAME / # ___________________________________________________________________________________ For a free catalog, product sample My Name ________________________________________________________________________ or more information, Practice/Clinic Name ____________________________________________________________ Call: 1-800-424-5561 or 845-277-2850 Address __________________________________________________________________________ FAX: 1-800-431-7801 or 845-277-2851 City ________________________________________State ______ Zip _____________________ Phone ____________________________________________________________________________ E-mail: [email protected] Fax _______________________________________________________________________________ To order, contact your favorite PediFix supplier: Email ____________________________________________________________________________ McKesson In our practice, we see approximately ___________ (#) patients each week. Henry Schein My favorite supplier is ____________________________________________ Gill Podiatry I prefer: to Dispense to Prescribe Patient Direct Order Call for more ☐ ☐ ☐ Mail to: PediFix, Dept. LER819, 301 Fields Lane, Brewster, NY 10509 Fax to: 845-277-2851 Please provide all information requested. Allow 2 weeks for delivery. © 2019 PediFix, Inc. LER819 This offer is for healthcare professionals only. 19113-Quote Ad LER819.indd 1 7/24/19 11:33 AM Lower Extremity Review Mission Showcasing evidence and expertise across multiple medical disciplines to build, preserve, and restore function of the lower extremity from pediatrics to geriatrics. EDITORIAL PILLARS • Biomechanics matter • Injury prevention is possible • Diabetic foot ulcers can be prevented • Collaborative care leads to better outcomes Richard Dubin Publisher and Chief Executive Officer [email protected] | 518.221.4042 EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD STAFF David G. Armstrong, DPM, MD, PhD Stefania Fatone, PhD, BPO Bijan Najafi, PhD Professor of Surgery and Director, Professor, Physical Medicine & Professor of Surgery Editor Southwestern Academic Limb Salvage Rehabilitation Director, interdisciplinary Consortium on Alliance (SALSA), Keck School of Northwestern University Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP) Janice T. Radak | [email protected] Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California Chicago, Illinois Director, Clinical Research in Vascular Surgery Associate Editor Timothy E. Hewett, PhD Windy Cole, DPM Baylor College of Medicine Director, Biomechanics Laboratories & Laura Fonda Hochnadel | [email protected] Medical Director, Wound Care Center, Houston, Texas University Hospitals Ahuja Medical Sports Medicine Research Center Consulting Editor Center Mayo Clinic Antonio Robustelli, MSc, SCS Adjunct Professor/Director Wound Care Minneapolis, Minnesota Sports Performance Consultant John Baranowski | [email protected] Research Applied Sport Scientist/Technologist Geza Kogler, PhD, CO Kent State University College of Podiatric Strength & Conditioning Specialist Graphic Design/Production and Medicine Program Director Salerno, Italy Website Development Cleveland, Ohio MS Prosthetics and Orthotics Anthony Palmeri | PopStart Web Dev Kennesaw State Unversity, Clinical Jarrod Shapiro, DPM Robert Conenello, DPM Biomechanics Laboratory [email protected] Vice Chair, Department of Podiatric Orangetown Podiatry Kennesaw, Georgia Medicine, Surgery & Biomechanics Clinical Director, NJ Special Olympics Associate Professor of Podiatric Operations Coordinator Robert S. Lin, CPO NYPD Honorary Surgeon Medicine, Surgery & Biomechanics Managing Partner, Adaptive Prosthetics Melissa Rosenthal-Dubin | [email protected] Greater
Recommended publications
  • Loss of Correction in Cubitus Varus Deformity After Osteotomy
    Loss of correction in cubitus varus deformity after osteotomy Chao You Shenzhen children's hospital Yibiao Zhou Shenzhen children's hospital https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9754-1089 Jingming Han ( [email protected] ) Research article Keywords: cubitus varus osteotomy Loss of correction Posted Date: May 5th, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-26279/v1 License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Read Full License Page 1/14 Abstract Purpose Cubitus varus deformity in the pediatric population is an infrequent but clinically important disease to orthopedic surgeons. Since these patient populations are different in many respects, we sought out to investigate the rates of loss of correction over time as well as the factors associated with loss of correction in pediatric patients undergoing osteotomy for treatment of cubitus varus deformity. Methods Between 2008-7 and 2017-7, we treated 30 cases of cubital varus had underwent the the osteotomy. We compared preoperative and postoperative clinical and imaging parameters (H-cobb angle,Baumman angle) for all patients. Postoperative evaluation was performed by telephone interview. Results In our study,there were 30 patients,included 17 males and 13 females.the mean age was 75 months old.In the rst follow-up,Approximately 80 % of patients had a loss of correction of H-cobband 83% of patients at the second follow-up. The Baumann angle also had a loss of correction,about 57% was lost at the rst follow-up,and 43% was lost at the second follow-up. The average interval between the rst follow-up and the second follow-up was 24 days The H-cobb angle mean loss was 2.4°.There was a statistically signicant difference between the H-cobb angle measured before surgery and the angle measured after surgery (p <0.05).
    [Show full text]
  • Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Personalized Navigation Template in Proximal Femoral Corrective Osteotomy for the Treatment of DDH Qiang Shi1,2 and Deyi Sun1*
    Shi and Sun Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research (2020) 15:317 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-020-01843-y RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Efficacy and safety of a novel personalized navigation template in proximal femoral corrective osteotomy for the treatment of DDH Qiang Shi1,2 and Deyi Sun1* Abstract Background: This present study is aimed to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of a novel personalized navigation template in proximal femoral corrective osteotomy for the treatment of DDH. Methods: Twenty-nine consecutive patients with DDH who underwent proximal femoral corrective osteotomy were evaluated between August 2013 and June 2017. Based on the different surgical methods, they were divided into the conventional group (n = 14) and navigation template group (n = 15). The osteotomy degrees, radiation exposure, and operation time were compared between the two groups. Results: No major complications relating to osteotomy surgery such as redislocation or avascular necrosis occurred in the navigation template group, which had more accurate osteotomy degrees, less radiation exposure, and shorter operation time when compared with the conventional group (P < 0.05). Moreover, there was significant difference according to the McKay criteria between the two groups (P = 0.0362). Conclusions: The novel personalized navigation template in proximal femoral corrective osteotomy is effective and safe, which could improve the femoral osteotomy accuracy, reduce radiation exposure, and shorten operation time. Keywords: Femoral corrective osteotomy, 3D printing, Navigation template, Developmental dysplasia of the hip Background [3–5]. The performance and positioning of femoral oste- Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is considered otomy is one of the most important surgical procedures one of the most common three-dimensional (3D) hip to ensure ideal correction effects, but the conventional deformities in children [1].
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Tips7pp P654-660CR2.Indd
    Tips From The Experts SingaporeSingapore Med Med J 2006; J 2006; 47(8) 47(8) : 654 : 1 Common paediatric orthopaedic problems in the upper limb Shafi M, Hui J H P In this article, we attempt to provide guidance of the upper limb in children and adolescents, for conducting the paediatric examination in an paying particular attention to clinical problems orderly, comprehensive sequence to arrive at the such as cubitus varus, polydactyly and Sprengel’s diagnosis in common musculoskeletal problems shoulder. CONGENITAL MUSCULAR TORTICOLLIS Description Torticollis or wry neck is defined as a condition where the head is tilted toward one side and the chin is pointing in the opposite direction. Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a postural deformity detected at birth or shortly after birth. Frequency CMT has an estimated incidence of 1-2% and male-to-female ratio is 3:2 in the Chinese population(1). Location Fig. 1 Photograph of a 3-year-old girl with left 75% of CMT cases involve the right side. torticollis. Note the hemihypoplasia. Pathogenesis CMT (present at birth) may be caused by malpositioning of the head in the uterus, or by prenatal injury to the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) that results in fibrosis or soft tissue compression leading to compartment syndrome, as evidenced by CMT being more frequent after breech presentations and with congenital hip dysplasia(2). In rare instances, bony anomalies of the cervical spine include the Klippel-Feil syndrome, or ocular imbalance might be causative. Other possibilities are spontaneous subluxation of a cervical vertebra, cervical adenitis secondary to upper respiratory tract infection, unilateral soft tissue infection, neck tumours or myositis.
    [Show full text]
  • Expanded Indications for Guided Growth in Pediatric Extremities
    Current Concept Review Expanded Indications for Guided Growth in Pediatric Extremities Teresa Cappello, MD Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, IL Abstract: Guided growth for coronal plane knee deformity has successfully historically been utilized for knee val- gus and knee varus. More recent use of this technique has expanded its indications to correct other lower and upper extremity deformities such as hallux valgus, hindfoot calcaneus, ankle valgus and equinus, rotational abnormalities of the lower extremity, knee flexion, coxa valga, and distal radius deformity. Guiding the growth of the extremity can be successful and is a low morbidity method for correcting deformity and should be considered early in the treatment of these conditions when the child has a minimum of 2 years of growth remaining. Further expansion of the application of this concept in the treatment of pediatric limb deformities should be considered. Key Concepts: • Guiding the growth of pediatric physes can successfully correct a variety of angular and potentially rotational deformities of the extremities. • Guided growth can be performed using a variety of techniques, from permanent partial epiphysiodesis to tem- porary methods utilizing staples, screws, or plate and screw constructs. • Utilizing the potential of growth in the pediatric population, guided growth principals have even been success- fully applied to correct deformities such as knee flexion contractures, hip dysplasia, femoral anteversion, ankle deformities, hallux valgus, and distal radius deformity. Introduction Guiding the growth of pediatric orthopaedic deformities other indications and uses for guided growth that may is represented by the symbol of orthopaedics itself, as not have wide appreciation. the growth of a tree is guided as it is tethered to a post (Figure 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Malunion of Long Bones
    Malunion of long bones Andreas Panagopoulos Assistant professor in Orthopaedics University Hospital of Patras Definition A malunited fracture is one that has healed with the fragments in a non- anatomical position Acceptability of fracture reduction alignment rotation normal length actual position of fragments (least important) Classification Based to location Intrarticular Metaphsial Diaphysial Based to complexity Simple (one plane) e.g. valgus-varus Complex ( multi planes) However, some malalignments are better tolerated from the neighboring joints than others (e.g. malunions of the upper extremity) Also lower leg valgus is more acceptable than varus This means there are both relative and absolute indications to correct deformities and leg length discrepancies Absolute Indications - Presence of disabling pain - Severe functional disability Relative Indications - Cosmetic reasons - No response to nonoperative treatment The object of surgery for malunion is to restore function Operative treatment for malunion of most fractures should not be considered until 6 to 12 months after the fracture has occurred. However, in intraarticular fractures, surgery may be required sooner if satisfactory function is to be restored When considering surgical correction of the malunion we should take in account: 1. Age of the patient 2. Socio-economic factors 3. The function of the joint 4. The bone stock and the degree of osteoporosis 5. The state of the soft tissue envelope Corrective surgery at the site of malunion is not always feasible. In some instances,
    [Show full text]
  • Anatomy, Physical Examination and Imaging of Thoracic and Lumbosacral Spine
    Anatomy, Physical Examination and Imaging of Thoracic and Lumbosacral Spine NGUYỄN THÀNH NHÂN LEARNING OBJECTIVES Understand: * Basic anatomy of the spine * Thoracic and Lumbar spine anatomy Understand basic imaging of X ray, CT Scan and MRI Identify and assess functions of the structures in clinical aspect: * Identify structures: inspection, palpation * Assess: Thoracic - Lumbar spine movements Understand: dermatomes, * SLR test, Bragard’s test, Neri’s test, … CONTENT Basic anatomy of the spine Thoracic - Lumbosacral spine anatomy Imaging of Thoracic - Lumbar spine Physical examination of Thoracic and Lumbar spine Anatomy Basic anatomy of the spine - The vertebral column consists of 33 vertebrae, - 5 segments: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. - There are 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal vertebrae. - The two major exceptions are C1 (atlas) and C2 (axis) - Atlantoaxial joint - cervical rotation Anatomy Basic anatomy of the spine [1] Anatomy Basic anatomy of the spine [1] Anatomy Basic anatomy of the spine - The spinal cord - Conus medullaris: L1 - L2 - There are 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, and 5 sacral pairs, and 1 coccygeal pair of spinal nerves. - The sacral spinal nerves make up the cauda equina The neural anatomy is such that the spinal cord resides within the bony canal between C1 and L1 and/or L2. The filum terminale extends from the conus and attaches to the coccyx.[1] Anatomy Basic neurology of the spine - Gray matter + Spinal neurons (lower motor neurons), + Interneurons
    [Show full text]
  • Ug Curriculum for Orthopaedics University of Delhi
    UG CURRICULUM FOR ORTHOPAEDICS UNIVERSITY OF DELHI OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE: At the end of the program, student should acquire the following: 1. Diagnose the common musculo-skeletal disease process from history, clinical examinations, interpretation of diagnostic tests and formulate a management path 2. Basic care of the injured patients in the emergency, triage, resuscitation, application of common splints and immobilization of spine, wound care etc. CLINICAL POSTING: 5th semester: 4 weeks 6th semester: 4 weeks 9th semester: 2 weeks The students posted for clinical postings in orthopaedics shall be divided into groups to attend the following: 1. Ward round: students should be present in the ward rounds taken by faculty members and participate in the discussion about the admitted patients. They are expected to learn use of various splints, tractions and other appliances used for patient care. 2. OPD: students are expected to see common orthopaedic cases coming to OPD and learn clinical examination to make provisional diagnosis and formulate a management plan. The faculty and senior residents are expected to teach the same to the students. 3. Emergency: Students are expected to attend and learn the basics of resuscitation, triage, management of polytrauma and multiple injured patients and splintage techniques for different fractures in emergency/casualty. 4. Clinical case presentation: Students are expected to present at least one clinical case every day to faculty or senior resident. The discussion should emphasize on history taking, clinical examination and planning out management. 5. Class: classes should be arranged to cover various parts of orthopaedics which is not covered in routine theory classes; for ex: instruments and implants, orthoses and prostheses, orthopaedic radiology, pathological specimens etc.
    [Show full text]
  • The Orthopaedic Manifestations of Osteogenesis Imperfecta: a Collective Review
    The Orthopaedic manifestations of Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Collective Review By Bhatta A D Department of Orthopedic surgery Nelson Mandela School of Medicine KZN, South Africa Submitted in partial fulfilment of the academic requirements For the degree of MMed in the Department of Orthopaedics School of Clinical Medicine College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban 2016 (year) As the candidate’s supervisor I have approved this thesis for submission. Signed: Name: Prof M N Rasool Date: 24/02/2017 1 Declaration I Dr. AABASH DEV BHATTA declare that - (i) The research reported in this dissertation, except where otherwise indicated, and is my original work. (ii) This dissertation has not been submitted for any degree or examination at any other university. (iii) This dissertation does not contain other persons’ data, pictures, graphs or other information, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other persons. (iv) This dissertation does not contain other persons’ writing, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other researchers. Where other written sources have been quoted, then: a) Their words have been re-written but the general information attributed to them has been referenced; b) Where their exact words have been used, their writing has been placed inside quotation marks, and referenced. (v) Where I have reproduced a publication of which I am an author, co-author or editor, I have indicated in detail which part of the publication was actually written by myself alone and have fully referenced such publications. (vi) This dissertation does not contain text, graphics or tables copied and pasted from the Internet, unless specifically acknowledged, and the source being detailed in the dissertation and in the References sections.
    [Show full text]
  • Clinical Utility of the Taylor Spatial Frame for Limb Deformities
    Journal name: Orthopedic Research and Reviews Article Designation: REVIEW Year: 2017 Volume: 9 Orthopedic Research and Reviews Dovepress Running head verso: Keshet and Eidelman Running head recto: Clinical utility of the TSF for limb deformities open access to scientific and medical research DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/ORR.S113420 Open Access Full Text Article REVIEW Clinical utility of the Taylor spatial frame for limb deformities Doron Keshet Abstract: The Taylor spatial frame (TSF) is a hexapod external fixator that can correct six- Mark Eidelman axis deformities. The mathematical base of all hexapod systems is projective geometry, which describes complex repositioning of an object in space. The Taylor brothers developed one of Pediatric Orthopedics Unit, Rambam Health Care Center, Haifa, Israel the first six-axis correction systems, which is known today as TSF. Over the years, this system has become the most used six-axis deformity correction device. In this review, we describe the history behind TSF development, and describe the principles and clinical utility for application of the TSF in different settings, such as acute trauma, malunions, and various deformities of the lower and upper limb. Keywords: external fixator, deformity correction, hexapod Introduction The Taylor spatial frame (TSF) is a modern hexapod external fixator that is able to correct six-axis deformities simultaneously using a virtual hinge. This frame was designed and created by the Taylor brothers in 1994 and has become one of the most popular external fixation systems. History of the TSF The history behind the TSF is fascinating and could easily be adopted as a movie script.
    [Show full text]
  • Cubitus Varus Deformity – Rationale of Treatment and Methods
    Symposium International Journal of Paediatric Orthopaedics 2015 July-Sep;1(1):26-29 Cubitus Varus Deformity – Rationale of Treatment and Methods Sandeep Patwardhan1, Ashok K Shyam1 Abstract Cubitus varus is commonest complication of paediatric supracondylar humerus fracture. These deformities are most commonly result of malunion, however avascular necrosis of trochlea or growth arrest of medial physis may also cause the deformity. Cubitus varus mostly presents as cosmetic deformity but it may also cause posterolateral instability, increased risk of secondary fractures, tardy ulna nerve palsy and snapping elbow. Current trend is to offer surgical correction for cubitus varus deformity in form of supracondylar osteotomy of the humerus. Various kinds of surgical approaches, osteotomy configuration and fixation methods are described in literature. The main guiding principles in deformity correction should be complete correction of sagittal varus deformity, correction of hyperextension deformity in older children. Rotational deformities may not be corrected but some authors do recommend triplanar correction. In our view lateral closed wedge oblique equal limb osteotomy fixed with reconstruction plate offers best results and is enough to treat most of the cubitus varus cases with minimal complication. Keywords: cubitus varus, osteotomy, complications. Introduction factors for malunion are: the clinical significance of the same is still Cubitus varus or gunstock deformity as it is 1. Impacted / comminuted type I debatable [a] Cosmetic appearance still is commonly known is the most common supracondylar fractures the most common cause why the parents complication of displaced supracondylar 2. Rotationally unstable type II fractures bring their child to clinician. The above fractures in children with an incidence treated in a cast with subsequent loss of mentioned complications along with ranging from 3% to 57% [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Pediatric Orthopedics in Practice, DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-46810-4, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 880 Backmatter
    879 Backmatter Subject Index – 880 F. Hefti, Pediatric Orthopedics in Practice, DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-46810-4, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 880 Backmatter Subject index Bold letters: Principal article Italics: Illustrations A Acetylsalicylic acid 303, 335 Adolescent scoliosis Amyloidosis 663 Acheiropodia 804 7 Scoliosis Amyoplasia 813–814 Abducent nerve paresis 752, Achievement by proxy 10, 11 AFO 7 Ankle Foot Orthosis Anaerobes 649, 652, 657 816 Achilles tendon Aggrecan 336, 367, 762 ANA 7 antinuclear antibodies Abducted pes planovalgus – lengthening 371, 426, 431, aggressive osteomyelitis Analysis, gait 488, 490–497 433, 434, 436, 439, 443, 464, 7 osteomyelitis, aggressive 7 Gait analysis Abduction contracture 468, 475, 485, 487–490, 493, Agonist 281, 487, 492, 493, Anchor 169, 312, 550, 734 7 contracture 496, 816, 838, 840 495, 498, 664, 832, 835, 840, Andersen classification abduction pants 219–221 – shortening 358, 418, 431, 868 7 classification, Andersen Abduction splint 212, 218–221, 433, 464, 465, 467, 468, 475, Ahn classification 366 Andry, Nicolas 21, 22 248, 850 489, 496, 838 Aitken classification (congenital Anesthesia 26, 38, 135, 154, Abduction Achondrogenesis 750, 751, femoral deficiency ) 7 classi- 162, 174, 221, 243, 247, 248, – hip 195, 198, 199, 212, 213, 756, 758–760, 769 fication, femoral deficiency 255, 281, 303, 385, 386, 400, 214, 218, 219, 220, 221, Achondroplasia 56, 163, 166, Akin osteotomy 477, 479 500, 506, 559, 568, 582–585, 241–245, 247, 248, 251, 255, 242, 270, 271, 353, 409, 628, Albers-Schönberg
    [Show full text]
  • Salter-Harris Iii Fractures
    HIGH YIELD PEDIATRIC BOARD EXAM BRANDON GREEN DO CHIEF OF PEDIATRIC ORTHOPEDICS NISWONGER CHILDRENS HOSPITAL ASSISTANT PROFESSOR EAST TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY RESIDENCY OBJECTIVES The following are the most commonly tested We will cover trauma, deformity, and Pediatric Orthopedic topics developmental issues Key words are still key…. FGFR-3? The most common skeletal dysplasia Mutation affects a single protein in fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 (FGFR- 3) gene, changing glycine to arginine at position 380. Result is growth retardation of the proliferative zone of the growth plate, resulting in short limbs. ACHONDROPLASIA The growth plates with the most growth (proximal humerus/distal femur) are most affected, resulting in rhizomelic (proximal more than distal) short stature. Extremities • trident hands (inability to approximate extended middle and ring finger) • bowed legs • radial head subluxation • muscular hypotonia Spine • thoracolumbar kyphosis- often resolves by walking age • short pedicles and decreased interpedicular distance from L1-S1 COMP? PSEUDOACHONDROPLASIA • SHORT-LIMBED RHIZOMELIC DWARFISM WITH NORMAL FACIAL FEATURES • AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT • MUTATION IS IN CARTILAGE OLIGOMERIC MATRIX PROTEIN (COMP) ON CHROMOSOME 19. • EPIPHYSES ARE DELAYED AND ABNORMAL, METAPHYSEAL FLARING IS PRESENT, AND EARLY ONSET OSTEOARTHRITIS (OA) IS COMMON. SULFATE TRANSPORT GENE??? DIASTROPHIC DYSPLASIA • AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE • MUTATION IN SULFATE TRANSPORT PROTEIN THAT PRIMARILY AFFECTS CARTILAGE MATRIX. DIASTROPHIC DYSPLASIA
    [Show full text]