879

Backmatter

Subject Index – 880

F. Hefti, Pediatric Orthopedics in Practice, DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-46810-4, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 880 Backmatter

Subject index

Bold letters: Principal article Italics: Illustrations A Acetylsalicylic acid 303, 335 Adolescent scoliosis Amyloidosis 663 Acheiropodia 804 7 Scoliosis Amyoplasia 813–814 Abducent nerve paresis 752, Achievement by proxy 10, 11 AFO 7 Ankle Foot Orthosis Anaerobes 649, 652, 657 816 Achilles tendon Aggrecan 336, 367, 762 ANA 7 antinuclear antibodies Abducted pes planovalgus – lengthening 371, 426, 431, aggressive osteomyelitis Analysis, gait 488, 490–497 433, 434, 436, 439, 443, 464, 7 osteomyelitis, aggressive 7 Gait analysis Abduction contracture 468, 475, 485, 487–490, 493, Agonist 281, 487, 492, 493, Anchor 169, 312, 550, 734 7 contracture 496, 816, 838, 840 495, 498, 664, 832, 835, 840, Andersen classification abduction pants 219–221 – shortening 358, 418, 431, 868 7 classification, Andersen Abduction splint 212, 218–221, 433, 464, 465, 467, 468, 475, Ahn classification 366 Andry, Nicolas 21, 22 248, 850 489, 496, 838 Aitken classification (congenital Anesthesia 26, 38, 135, 154, Abduction Achondrogenesis 750, 751, femoral deficiency ) 7 classi- 162, 174, 221, 243, 247, 248, – hip 195, 198, 199, 212, 213, 756, 758–760, 769 fication, femoral deficiency 255, 281, 303, 385, 386, 400, 214, 218, 219, 220, 221, Achondroplasia 56, 163, 166, Akin osteotomy 477, 479 500, 506, 559, 568, 582–585, 241–245, 247, 248, 251, 255, 242, 270, 271, 353, 409, 628, Albers-Schönberg disease 603, 604, 610–612, 643, 657, 272, 273, 275, 277, 279, 281, 638, 750, 751–754, 755–757, 7 Osteopetrosis 664, 786, 811, 823, 831, 833, 282, 284, 292, 303, 312, 314, 759, 761 Albizzia nail 640 838, 860 316–318 Achterman and Kalamchi classi- Albright syndrome (osteo- Aneurysmal bone cyst 175, 7 also Orthosis fication 353–356 malacia) 752, 753, 781–783 177, 178, 179–180, 186, Abilities, maintenance of 30 Acidosis 773, 783 7 also McCune-Albright 305, 306, 307, 402, 403, 405, Abnormality, congenital Acne 113, 654 syndrome, Fibrous Dysplasia 508, 511, 512, 591, 593, 607, 7 Malformation Acrocephalosyndactyly Albuminuria 783 672–678, 681, 685, 692, 694, Abscess 85, 174, 175, 298, 398, 7 Apert syndrome Algorithm 16, 17, 673 695, 696–698, 706, 726, 727, 399, 508, 632, 648–654 Acromelic dysplasia 7 dysplasia, Alkaline phosphatase 728 Absorbable pin 340, 571 acromelic 7 phosphatase, alkaline Angiogram 44, 85, 139, 236, Abt-Letterer-Siwe disease 700, Acromesomelic dysplasia Allograft 28, 160, 161, 308, 312, 537, 678 701 7 dysplasia, acromesomelic 340, 363, 364, 403, 406, 512, Angioma 720, 727 7 also Langerhanscell Acrosyndactyly 531, 536, 542 595, 694, 735–737 7 also hemangioma Histiocytosis Adamantinoma 402, 404, 673, alopecia areata 794 Angiomatoid fibrous histio- Acceleration 29, 41, 55, 61–66, 674, 700, 713–714, 727, 729, Alpha-angle 216, 217 cytoma 718 210 734 Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma Angiosarcoma 713, 720 Accessory bone 445–447 Adamkiewicz artery 85, 139, 7 rhabdomyosarcoma, Angle, talocalcaneal 442, 461, Accessory ossification center 864 alveolar 464, 465, 467 445–447 Adams-Oliver syndrome 804 Amazon syndrome 804 Angled blade plate osteo- Accident 35, 66, 86, 168, 169, Adaptation 26, 54, 63, 66, 152, AMBRI (Atraumatic, Multidirec- synthesis 226, 228, 265, 289, 176, 288, 291, 343, 345, 378, 267, 268, 298, 360, 491, 492, tional, Bilateral, Rehabilitation, 290, 314, 639, 733 388, 393, 552, 557, 559, 564, 531, 834, 844, 850, 852, 863 Inferior capsular shift) 546 Angle measurement 100, 119, 583, 587, 601–603, 606, 607, Adduction contracture Amelia 529, 532, 804 125, 216 609, 859, 864, 867 7 Contracture, adduction Ameloblastoma 713 Angulation deformity 135, Acetabular angle 215, 226, Adductor tenotomy 268 Amniocentesis 459 283, 301, 309, 393, 442, 539, 227 Adhesion 452, 453, 762, 861, Amniotic band (ring constrition) 563, 574, 584–586, 626, 629, Acetabular anteversion 204, 864, 865, 868, 739, 742 syndrome 353, 430, 454, 643 205, 208, 230, 231, 232 Adolescence 8–9, 19–20, 28, 458, 459, 520, 529, 531, 536, Angulation osteotomy 7 Osteo- Acetabular dysplasia 212, 757 53–55, 66, 67, 87, 120, 153, 541–542 tomy, angulation Acetabular edge 209, 211, 212, 169, 172, 182, 186, 187, 265, Amniotic fluid deficiency 213 Ankle-foot orthosis 370, 371, 214, 216, 276, 277, 278 269, 288, 290, 293, 317, Amputation 843, 846–848, 862, 866 Acetabular fracture 286–287 328–330, 356, 378, 381, 383, – congenital 529, 531–533, 542 Ankle joint 415–523 Acetabular protrusion 204, 386, 389, 393, 406, 448, 462, – for congenital malformation Ankylosing spondylitis 175 210, 302, 303, 663, 755, 778, 465, 481, 483, 503, 546, 548, 263, 354–358, 363, 448, Ankylosis 175, 663, 825 795, 796, 797, 798 551, 564, 577, 582, 584, 586, 455–457, 531, 541, 542, 800, Anomaly, congenital 7 Malfor- Acetabular rim fracture 286 631, 646, 662, 663, 672, 683, 821 mation, congenital Acetabular roof angle 202, 215, 684, 688, 689, 693, 695, 696, – for tumors 405, 406, 510, Anomaly, intraspinal 44, 76, 85, 823 699, 709, 711, 716–723, 731, 512, 596, 706, 707, 712, 726, 94, 95, 99, 100, 109, 112, 132, Acetabuloplasty 7 osteotomy, 751, 766, 777, 819, 824, 873 728, 731–732, 735, 738, 740, 133, 137, 139, 142, 157, 159, acetabuloplasty Adolescent’s kyphosis 772 160, 178, 183–184, 189, 793, Acetylcholine 814, 837 7 Scheuermann’s diesease – historical 25, 26 821, 864 881 A–B Subject Index

Antagonist 281, 487, 492, 493, Apophyseal avulsion fracture – rearfoot 456, 487, 488, 493, Atlantoaxial screw fixation 165, 495, 497, 664, 832 53, 68, 169, 170, 243, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 815 176, 665, 811 Antalgic gait 645, 646 285–289, 327, 378–380, – shoulder 555, 559, 594, 595 Atlas therapy 189, 837 Antecurvation 292, 361, 364, 385–393, 413, 503–506, 557, – subtalar 357, 437, 440, 464, Atriodigital dysplasia 805 632 558, 563, 570–572, 576–578, 496 Autologous bone 7 bone graft, Antepulsion 522, 523 585–587, 604, 606, 610, 868 – thumb 559 autologous Anterior bowing 354, 360, Apophyseal plate 51, 58, 171, – Triple- 474, 786 Automated step mechanism 361, 353, 364, 385, 394, 565, 175, 226, 332, 349, 381, 391, – wrist 555, 556, 557, 559, 849 570, 700 571 594 Avascular necrosis Anterior cruciate ligament Apophyseal ring herniation Arthrogram 44, 200, 216, 248, – elbow 550–551 65, 66, 68, 321, 322, 325, 326, 117, 118 280 – femoral head 53, 218, 220, 337, 343, 360, 378–383, 388, Apophysis 53, 58, 97, 98, 113, Arthrography 221, 232, 242, 243, 254, 257, 389, 610 117, 169, 170, 205, 285, 287, – hip 44, 200, 216, 220, 262, 258, 287–290, 292, 299, 302, Anterior drawer 322, 323, 325, 297, 331, 388, 484, 485, 505, 282 303, 315, 316, 613, 658, 754, 378, 379, 381, 423, 504, 585 571, 572, 576, 577, 625 Arthrogryposis 259, 316, 345, 788, 809 Anterior hip dislocation 278 Apophysitis 287, 421, 484, 485, 353, 358, 359, 409, 410, 411, – foot 482, 513, 433, 438, 482, Anterior knee pain 329–331 514, 571, 610, 645–287, 287, 418, 426, 430, 441, 529, 539, 506 Anterior release 109, 111, 112, 421, 484, 570, 610, 645, 645 544, 559, 560, 751–754, 761, – hand 551 154, 166 Appliance 839, 843–855 763, 772, 811, 812–816 – knee 331–332, 336–342 Anterior spinal fusion – upper extremity 534, 554, Arthrolysis 539, 570 – spine 117 7 Spinal fusion 555, 558 Arthropathy, hemophilic 824, Avulsion fracture 7 Apophyseal Anteversion Apprehension sign 345, 519, 825, 826 avulsion fracture – acetabular 204, 205, 208, 520, 547, 548 Arthroplasty 274, 297, 303–305, Axial deformity 620–631 230, 231, 232 Apprehension test 519, 520, 312, 401, 636, 666, 734, 737, – finger 523, 540 – femoral 28, 37, 195, 197, 547, 548 738, 766, 768, 775, 820, 821 – foot 15, 330, 417, 419, 420, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202–208, Aproach (tumor surgery) 679, – extendable 737, 738 431, 442, 443, 451, 454, 461, 272, 280–281, 294, 475, 605, 732 Arthroereisis acc. to Burutaran 475, 476, 847 617, 620–624, 636 Apron grip 37, 519 443, 468, 470–471, 488, 493 – forearm 521, 529, 574, 579 Anteversion view 200, 201 Arachnodactyly Arthroscopy – general 54, 604 Anteverted hip 28, 197, 199, 7 Marfan syndrome – general 26, 27 – knee 326, 338, 342, 379, 388, 203, 210, 225, 226, 251, 274, Areflexia 865 – hip 257, 258, 299 390, 393 282, 622 Arm prosthesis 532, 533 – knee 326, 329, 334, 339, 341, – leg 40, 202, 205, 251, 252, Anthropometric models 62–63 Arm span 56, 796 347, 360, 367, 378–381, 390, 253, 293, 326, 364, 370, 374, Anti-inflammatory drugs 295, Arnold-Chiari malformation 391, 410, 412 376, 390, 465, 470, 620–631, 296, 329, 332, 333, 652, 664 133, 157, 757, 758, 861 – shoulder 548 641, 642, 690, 834, 847 Anti-scatter grid, x-rays 46 Arnold-Hilgartner classification Articular cartilage, loading – spine 80, 81, 87, 93, 210, 860 Anti-varus shoe 434 825 capacity 66 – tibia 436, 605 Antibiotic treatment 113, 174, Arrhythmia 874 Asepsis 26 Axillary nerve lesion 547, 594, 175, 294, 296, 299, 300, 396, arteriovenous malformation Aseptic bone necrosis 595, 733 397, 512, 613, 643, 648–658, 7 Malformation, arteriovenous (7 also Calvé-Legg-Perthes Axis 144 820 Arthritis 257 disease, Osggod-Schlatter Axonotmesis 867 Antiepileptics 837 – juvenile rheumatoid 175, disease, Freiberg disease) Antigranulocyte immunoscintig- 302, 399–401, 409, 410, 412, – metatarsal bone 480 raphy 677 662–666 – navicular bone 480 Antinuclear antibodies 662, – enthesopathic 663 – Tibial tuberosity 331 B 663 – septic 198, 287, 290, 297, Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia Back, surface of, measurement Antiseptic 652 396–398, 410, 412, 604, 632, 7 Jeune syndrome 99 Antispasmodics 837 645, 656–658, 673 Aspiration 289, 296, 387, 390, Backward elevation, shoulder Aortic dilatation 160, 795, Arthro-MRI 44, 45, 200, 209, 396, 397, 410, 412, 649, 657, 518 796 257, 316, 317, 337 825, 826 Back pain 86, 87, 91, 92, AO classification 169, 604 Arthrochalasis multiplex Astley-Kendall dysplasia 771 185–190 Apert syndrome 162, 166, 448, congenita 822, 823 Astrocytoma 184 Baclofen 279, 837, 838, 859 454, 458, 521, 529, 536, 544, Arthrodesis Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex Bacteremia 648, 656 751, 752, 753, 574, 799, – according to Lapidus 478, 480 87, 144, 833 Bacterial type 173, 175, 296, 800–801 – extra-articular subtalar 468, Atactic gait pattern 818 297, 299, 410, 412, 648–657, Apex 78, 97, 103, 110, 121, 123, 471, 494 Ataxia 39, 81, 374, 556, 817, 820 150, 151, 154, 160, 178, 183, – foot 480, 786, 815 831, 833, 837, 856, 859 Bado classification (Monteggia- 354, 626, 629, 685, 792 – general 25, 407, 665, 666, Atelogenesis 752, 753, 760 fracture) 580 Aplasia 7 Dysplasia 738, 826, 837, 841 Atelosteogenesis 762 Baker cyst 404 Aponeurotic fibroma 716, – hand 557 Athetosis 39, 556, 833, 835, 855 Balance 39, 62, 112, 140, 150, 717 – hip 263 Atlanta brace 245 152, 153, 187, 204, 280, 461, Aponeurotic lengthening – metatarsus 468, 471, 478, Atlantoaxial instability 493, 497, 773, 774, 776, 783, 7 lengthening, aponeurotic 480, 492 7 Instability, atlanto-axial 798, 832–839, 851–864 882 Backmatter

Balcony forehead 757 Bleeding tendency 308, 730, Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma Ball-and-socket ankle joint 783, 805, 819, 824, 871, 873 722 C 449, 450, 456 Blindness 760, 800 Botulinum toxin 243, 244, 247, C-reactive protein 7 CRP ball-heel gait 418 Block vertebra 133, 134, 135, 249, 273, 274, 275, 277, 278, Café-au-lait spots 37, 159, 752, – Band syndrome (amniotic, 142, 800 303, 370, 373, 487–492, 554, 791, 792 congenital) 353, 431, 454, Blomstrand dysplasia 771 555, 558, 814, 838–840, 859 Caffey disease 7 Hyperostosis, 458, 459, 520, 529, 531, 536, Blood culture 174, 296, 649, Bowing fracture 388, 388, 499, infantile vortical 541–542 657 502, 582, 585, 615 Calcaneal fracture 505, 506 Bankart lesion 546–550 Blount’s disease 413, 625, 781 Boxer‘s fracture 587 Calcaneal osteotomy 437, 471 Barlow test 212, 213 Bobath therapy 25, 839 Boyd amputation 356, 457 Calcaneal pseudocyst 511, 514 Bar, unsegmented 133, 134, Bock, Otto 24 Boyd classification (congenital Calcaneonavicular coalition 135, 136, 138, 861 Body, loose 336, 337, 340, 482, Pseudarthrosis of the tibia) 7 coalition, tarsal Batten Turner myopathy 874 483, 484 360 Calcaneus foot 370, 371, 377, Battered child 7 child abuse Body cast 175, 238, 244, 303 Brace 122, 759, 761 417, 487, 489, 491, 493–497 Baumann lengthening, triceps Body control 125, 150, 817, – dynamic 103, 105, 156 Calcaneus stop screw surae 489 832, 851, 857–860 – historical 23 7 Burutaran arthrorizis BCG osteomyelitis 655 Bohndorf, classification (osteo- – in Marfan syndrome 798 Calcaneus cyst 511 Beam path, x-rays 45, 84, 99, chondritis dissecans) 337 – in spinal fracture 171 Calcification 752, 754, 760, 170, 198, 225, 328, 423, 424, Bolus injection, intrathecal – myelomeningocele 153 771, 787, 791, 794 524, 526 526 837 – neuromuscular scoliosis – heterotopic 54, 281, 578, Bechterew disease 176 Bone age 251, 281, 381, 383, 151–152, 850–851, 836, 850, 721, 838 Becker brace 120, 121 128 527, 616, 737, 766, 798 851, 851 – intervertebral disk 176 Becker muscular dystrophy Bone crisis 819, 820 – Scheuermann disease 121, – lateral 240, 242 7 muscular dystrophy, Bone cyst 122 – periarticular 707 Becker-type – aneurysmal 7 Aneurysmal – scoliosis 101–105 – popcornlike 708 Behavior 6–14 bone cyst – spondylolysis and spondylo- – soft tissue 783 Bending moment 61, 335 – simple 287, 288, 291, 306, listhesis 128 – stippled 708 Bending view (spine) 98, 159 307, 311, 402, 511, 512, 591, Brachmann-de-Lange syndrome – tumor 685, 688, 688, 702, Benign fibrous histiocytoma 592, 593, 607, 612, 652, 672, 817 705, 708, 716, 723 7 Histiocytoma, 674, 676, 680, 695–696, Brachydactyly 753, 754, 757, Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma benign fibrous 726–728, 791 769, 802, 803, 805 716 Bermuda cast 292 – solitary 7 simple 7 also Symbrachydactyy Calcium absorption 781 – Beta-catenine 691, 717 – unicameral 7 simple Brachymetacarpia 532, 784 Calf atrophy 431 Bicycle 48, 103, 120, 121, 244, Bone fibroma, non-ossifying Brachymetatarsia 455 Callotasis 286, 455, 640 530, 717, 829, 855 (NOF) 7 Non-ossifying bone Brachyolmia 751, 764 Callus 256, 258, 287, 288, 293, Bilhaut-Cloquet operation 540 fibroma Brachyphalangia 533, 753, 768 360, 388, 512, 517, 563, 582, Billroth, Theodor 25 Bone graft, autologous 128, Brachysyndactyly 536 604, 606, 611, 613, 615, 640, Biomechanics 26, 58–64, 180, 183, 238, 308, 312, 313, Brain damage 856, 859, 861 643, 680, 707, 774, 777, 778 200–211 340, 341, 472, 510, 655, 695, Brain function 857 Calvé-Legg-Perthes disease Biopsy 96, 143, 174, 179, 732, 733 Breast development 58 7 Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease 398, 402, 403, 512, 513, 591, Bone infarct 673, 677, 702 Breech presentation 35, 143, cam-effect, cam-Impingement 607–609, 652, 654, 673, 7 also avascular necrosis 213, 218, 417, 546, 557 7 Impingement, femoroace- 677–680, 684, 688, 691, Bone morphogenetic protein Bridge formation 386, 449, tabular 697–702, 705–706, 710, 712, 54, 364, 794 616, 625 Campanacci’s osteofibrous 714, 723, 726, 727, 729, 732, Bone scan 16, 17, 44–44, 85, Bridge resection 616 dysplasia 404, 674, 700–701, 772, 783, 791, 794, 794, 814, 173, 175–178, 181, 186, 187, Bridging for tumors 732–737 713, 714, 791 870, 873–876 190, 240, 242, 287, 295, 297, Brodie abscess 398, 399, 632, Campbell operation (ribs) Bipartite patella 321, 332–333, 307, 315–317, 329, 332, 334, 651 7 VEPTR-operation 386, 482 337, 388, 398, 399, 412, 413, Brown tumor 783 Campbell operation (hip) 274, Biphasic type 709, 723 482, 485, 512, 603, 606, 608, Brucellosis 178 281 Birbeck granule 701 645, 649–654, 664, 673, 677, Bucket-handle tear 322, 367, Camptodactyly 521, 529, 533, Birch-classification 354, 356 683, 684, 690, 693, 701, 380 539, 753, 754, 770, 811, 813, Birth trauma 28, 143, 287, 543, 705–708, 710, 729, 775, 787, Bump resection 248, 258 817, 820 547, 558, 562–564, 604 791, 820 Bursitis 195, 315, 397, 412 Camptomelic dysplasia Bisphosphonate 654, 695, 702, Bone transplant 340, 341, 513, Burutaran arthroereisis 443, 7 Dysplasia, camptomelic 775, 777, 779, 780, 791, 794 533, 737, 738 467, 470, 471 Camurati-Engelmann dysplasia Bladder exstrophy 267 7 also allograft Butterfly vertebra 133, 134, 772, 775 Blauth classification Bone tumor 7 Tumor 142 cam effect, cam impingement – polydactyly foot 451 Bone tumor registry 177, 307, Byers classification (spinal 7 Impingement, femoroace- – polydactyly upper extremity 402, 403, 508, 682, 740 muscular atrophy) 875 tabular 540 Borggreve reconstruction Bypass operation 363, 364 Cancellous bone 128, 127, 341, – split foot 453 7 Rotationsplasty 543, 594, 653, 674, 685, 688, – thumb hypoplasia 541 Boston brace 23, 103, 104 688, 696, 699 883 B–C Subject Index

Candle wax 772 Center of gravity 40, 41, 60, 62, Chest deformity 146–149, 752, CIPA syndrome (congenital Cannulated screw 255, 340, 87, 88, 90, 113, 120, 125, 130, 798 insensitivity to pain and 390 131, 189, 196, 205, 210, 274, Chevron osteotomy 477 anhidrosis) 367, 818 Capillary hemangioma 720, 275, 371, 372, 496, 637 Chiari osteotomy Circumference measurement 752, 760 7 also gravity 7 osteotomy, Chiari 321, 322, 323, 421 Capsular shift 546, 550 Central-core myopathy 870, Chicken breast 148–149 Classical chondrosarcoma Capsular shrinkage 549, 550 874 Child abuse 11, 169, 198, 287, 7 Chondrosarcoma Capsulodesis 556 Centralization for radial club- 291, 384, 561, 565, 587, 603, Classical osteosarcoma Capsulosynovial angioma hand 531, 534, 535 604, 606–607, 608, 775, 779 7 Osteosarcoma 720 Centralization of the fibula 358 Chin-sternum distance 80 Classification 686 Cardiac arrhythmias 874 Central low-grade malignant Chiropractic manipulation 144, – Andersen (congenital tibial Cardiac (heart) defect (anomaliy, osteosarcoma 595 145, 187, 190, 837 deficiency) 360 malformation, insufficiency) Cerebral malformation 23, 855, 7 also manual therapy – AO 169, 604 133, 146, 160, 357, 534, 856 Chondroblastoma 181, 242, – Arthritis 663 763, 766, 796, 798, 801, 805, Cerebral palsy 18, 28, 38, 40, 305, 306, 401, 402, 403, 405, – arthrogryposis 813 809, 811, 812, 817, 871, 873, 409, 431, 623, 645, 645, 509, 591, 593, 672–677, – cerebral palsy 856–857 874 751–753, 803, 831, 832, 837, 689–690, 695, 727, 728 – clubfoot 426–428 Carrier 341, 824, 872 839, 847, 855–859 Chondrodysplasia calcificans – congenital dislocation of the Cartilage grafting 341 – appliances 843 punctata 751–754, 761, knee 358 Cartilaginous cap 685, 687, – classification 857 770–771 – congenital femoral deficiency 708, 709, 787, 788 – foot and ankle 431, Chondrodystrophy 260–261 Cartilaginous exostosis 479–495 7 also Achondroplasia – congenital pseudarthrosis 7 Osteochondroma – general 18, 28, 38, 40, 409, Chondroectodermal dysplasia of the tibia (tibial dysplasia) Cast 431, 623, 645, 645, 751–753, 7 dysplasie, chondrocto- 361–353 – below-knee 438, 443, 462, 803, 831, 832, 837, 839, 847, dermal – deformities, knee, lower leg 463, 464, 468, 471, 478, 480, 855–859 Chondroid 673 353 481, 484, 486, 488, 492, 493, – hip 244, 272–282 Chondrolysis 256, 302 – deformities of upper 494, 497, 500–506 – knee and lower leg Chondroma 181, 305, 687, 688, extremities 528 – clubfoot 432–434 369–374, 384, 409 710 – discoid meniscus 366 – finger 588 – prognosis 859 Chondromalacia of the patella – Ehlers-Danlos syndrome – forearm 583, 585, 586, 587 – spine 150–155 329 822 – for pain relief 606 – upper extremity 552–559 Chondromatosis, synovial – femoral head necrosis 222 – hip 220–223, 243, 248, 292, Cervical collar 145, 152, 170, 306, 400, 404, 408, 665, 677, – fibular deficiency 353–354 303 171, 762, 851 690 – fractures 604 – historical 24, 26 Change, malignant 687, 688, Chondromyxoid fibroma 402, – fracture spine 169 – in neuromuscular diseases 690, 691, 694, 700, 788, 791 405, 674, 675, 690–691, 691, – hemophilia 824–825 839 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 697, 698, 726–728 – humeral fracture, supra- – long-leg 439, 629 431, 869, 876 Chondrosarkom 177, 182, 306, condylar 566 – spine 103, 121, 122, 123, Charleston brace 103 307, 309, 313, 404, 509, 511, – juvenile rheumatoid arthritis 171, 172, 191, 865 Chemotherapy 607, 671–677, 687, 688, 689, 662 – stress fracture 609 – general 26, 243, 512, 673, 695, 705–707, 708–709, 727, – Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease – upper arm 554, 568, 572, 717 729, 737, 788–789 237–240 573, 574, 577, 579, 582 – in benign tumors 691, 702, – clear cell- 671, 674, 689, – longitudinal deficiency, Cast removal 611 717, 728 709–710 fibular 353–354 Cast wedging 388, 388, 393, – in Chondrosackomas 709, – epiexostotic 687, 707, 709 – longitudinal deficiency, 501, 582, 583, 585, 610, 611, 709, 729 – mesenchymal 710 tibial 357 612 – in Ewing-sarcomas 182, 307, – periostal 710 – Monteggia lesion 580 Cataract 752, 758, 770, 771, 308, 409, 510, 712, 731, 731, – peripheral 709 – mucopolysaccharidosis 785 783, 796, 874 741 Chopart amputation 356 – myopathies 870 Catheterization 862, 863 – in fibrosarcomas 712 Chordoma 177, 178, 181–182 – osteochondritis dissecans Catterall classification 237, – in high-grade tumors 729, Christmas disease 824 337 238–241 713, 731 Chromosomal abnormalities – osteochondromas on the Cavendish classification – in malignant soft tissue 158, 165, 441, 631, 690, 700, forearm 592 7 classifikation, Sprengel’s sarcomas 308, 596, 721, 723, 719, 809–812 – osteogenesis imperfecta deformity 723 Chromosome analysis 810, 814 777–778 Cavernous hemangioma 720 – in osteosarcomas 182, 183, Chronic osteomyelitis – osteomyelitis 648 CCD angle 7 Neck-shaft angle 307, 308 409, 594, 707, 707, 7 Osteomyelitis, chonic – patellar dislocation 343 CDH 7 Hip dysplasia 731, 731, 741 Chronic polyarthritis – polydactyly, upper extremity CE-angle according to Wiberg – in rhabdomyosarcomas 723 7 Juvenile rheumatoid 540 204, 209, 223, 225 230, 277, – in rheumatoidr arthritis 665 arthritis – proximal femoral focal 798 Cheneau brace 103, 104 Cigarette paper skin 822 deficiency 260–261 Cell nest, epithelial 714 Cherubism 752, 794 Cincinnati incision, foot 426, – pseudarthrosis of the tibia, Cement plug 726 CHESS sequence 45 432, 434 congenital 361–353 884 Backmatter

Classification Clubfoot cast 433 Compression fracture 119, 170, – general information 23, 36, – scoliosis Clubfoot posture 426, 434 171, 186, 291, 384, 385, 386, 37, 78, 87, 665, 717, 720, 753, – congenital 133 Clubhand, radial 529, 531, 390, 391, 392, 394, 499, 500, 760, 761, 763, 768, 772, 794, – idiopathic 83 534–535 502, 564, 581, 582, 584, 585, 795, 798, 800, -802, 811, – neurofibromatosis 159 Clubhand, ulnar 529, 531, 535 587, 588, 603, 604, 611, 614, 812–816, 817, 822, 833–842, – shoulder dislocation 546 Coagulation disorder 236, 663, 777 847, 848, 850, 859, 865, – skeletal dysplasias 749, 755 826, 871 Computer tomography 7 CT 868– 874 – slipped capital femoral Coalition, tarsal 262, 354, 357, Concomitant nerve lesion – hip 125, 151, 195, 196, 199, epiphysis 250 421, 424, 448–450, 456, 457, 285 212, 214, 246, 247–249, 265, – spinal muscular atrophy 875 464, 468, 471, 480, 513, 814 Condensation stage 239, 242 266, 273–283, 303, 316, 632, – split foot 453 Cobb angle 96, 97, 100, 101, 295 633, 645, 658, 666, 758, 759, – spondylolisthesis 124, 127 103, 105, 112, 151, 152, 155, Condylar necrosis 574 763, 815, 850, 859, 870 – supracondylar humeral 160 Cone epiphysis 396, 397, 784 – knee 321, 323, 325, 354, 358, fracture 566 Coccygodynia 190 Conflict (parent-child) 9 369–377, 400, 401, 409–411, – tarsal coalition 448 Codman triangle 675, 705 Congenital absence of cruciate 632, 633, 641, 645, 654, 758, – tibial deficiency 357 Coffin-Siris syndrome 802 ligaments 359 759, 761, 763, 815, 834, 870 – tibial dysplasia, congenital Cognitive deficit 839 Congenital ball-and-socket – spine 126, 188 361–353 Collagen 53, 64, 65, 66, 149, ankle joint 448, 449, 450, – upper extremity 534, 535, – tumors according to 160, 162, 336, 341, 343, 381, 456 539, 539, 541, 544, 552–561, Enneking 681 383, 549, 648, 675–677, 691, Congenital clavicular pseud- 570, 758, 835, 847, 865 – tumors (radiographic, 696, 697–699, 716, 717, 719, arthrosis 543 Contractural type 753, 795, Lodwick) 675 723, 737, 744, 758–761, 766, Congenital coxa vara 266 796, 798, 814 – vertical talus 441 768, 775–778, 794, 795, 806, Congenital dislocation of the Contrast-based imaging 44, 45, Clavicular fracture 561–563, 821 knee 358 677, 688 604 Collateral ligament lesion 321, Congenital fibromatosis 672 Conventional osteosarcoma Clavicular pseudarthrosis, 325, 378, 380–382, 385, 388, Congenital hallux varus 454 7 Osteosarcoma congenital 530, 543 413, 541, 577, 578, 588 Congenital muscular torticollis Cooperative OsteoSarcoma Clavicula pro humero recon- collar, cervical 145, 152, 170, 143–146 Study 706, 730 struction 594, 733 171, 762, 851 Congenital pseudarthrosis Cooperative soft tissue sarcoma Clear cell chondrosarcoma Committee on Nomenclature – clavicle 543 study 723, 731 671, 674, 689, 709–710 on Intrinsic Diseases of Bones – femoral neck 266–267 Coordination 39, 46 47, 48, Cleft lip 133, 453, 752, 759, 749 – of the tibia 360–364 139, 280, 293, 374, 553, 554, 762, 801, 816, 817 Communication 8, 13, 602–603 Congenital radial head disloca- 613, 623, 798, 803, 817, 833, Cleft lip and palate 133, 425, Compactotomy 639, 640 tion 544 834, 835, 839, 856, 868 453, 752, 758, 759, 760, 762, Compact bone 51, 674, 675, Congenital scoliosis 132–142 Coordination disorder 47, 48 770, 802, 814, 816, 817 694 Congenital torticollis, muscular Cordate pelvis 271, 811 Cleidocranial dysostosis 543, Compartment syndrome 143, 143–146 Cornelia-de-Lange syndrome 562, 752, 753, 754, 799 145, 391, 393, 394, 395, 506, Connective tissue tumors 751–754, 817 Click phenomenon 35, 143, 565, 570, 581, 584, 586, 610 7 Soft tissue tumors Cornuate navicular bone 445, 211, 213, 325, 645 Compensatory mechanisms Conradi-Hünermann disease 446, 480, 513 Clinic, pediatric orthopaedic 375, 487, 552, 553, 558, 637, 751–754, 771 Corrected view, hip 225, 274, outpatient 4, 5, 10, 14, 15, 831, 835, 837, 856, 861, 866 Conradi disease 771 276 463 Compliance, brace treatment Conservative treatment 2, Correction Clinodactyly 458, 539, 753, 103, 104, 120, 121, 122, 149 21–25 – clubfoot 23, 425, 426, 432, 762, 802, 805, 811, 816, 817, Complication Consolidation 129, 290, 433, 434, 440, 761 820, 823 – femoral fracture 288 293, 301, 384, 386, 388, 390, – equinus foot 488, 491, 492, Closed reduction, hip – general 13 392, 393, 395, 500, 502, 506, 493, 494, 497 7 Hip, dysplasia and – hip dislocation 219, 561, 562, 564, 565, 572, 573, – flatfoot 445, 462, 463, 468, dislocation 221–222 574, 575, 578, 580, 581, 582, 469 Clubfoot 22–25, 27, 28, 133, – hip reconstruction in cerebral 583, 584, 587, 588, 603, 612, – knee dislocation 358, 359, 143, 145, 211, 212, 259, 354, palsy 281 613, 614, 615, 616 640, 641, 763 358, 358, 417, 418, 425–440, – hip reconstruction in myelo- 643 – knee flexion contracture 445, 449, 454, 463, 469, 471, meningocele 283 Consultation, pediatric 370, 815, 840, 848 480, 625, 632, 642, 874 – leg lengthening 643 orthopaedic 6–20 – spine 23, 103, 104, 110 – in arthrogryposis 426, – pelvic fracture 287 Constitution 60, 66 – thoracic deformity 150 813–816 – pelvic osteotomy 228, 231 Contact area, hip 205, 206, 208, – upper extremity 539, 539 – in skeletal dysplasia 458, – Scheuermann disease 122 209 Correction loss 112, 113, 121, 459, 754, 758, 760, 761, 762, – scoliosis surgery 112, 113, Containment 240–247, 269 122, 157 770, 798, 801, 811, 816, 817, 139, 157 Contouring of the femoral neck Corrective cast 105, 359, 370, 839 – slipped capital femoral 257 492, 815, 839 – neurogenic 426, 488, 489, epiphysis 257 Contracture 633, 658, 753 Corrective osteotomy 492, 493, 494, 498, 847, 874, – spondylolisthesis 128 – foot 430, 434, 437, 439, 487, 7 osteotomy 876 – tibial fracture 388, 392, 395 498 Corset 7 Brace 885 C–D Subject Index

Cortical defect 698 CRMO 7 Osteomyelitis, chronic Cubitus valgus 520, 574, 576, – wrist 593 Cortical hyperostosis 752, 753, recurrent multifocal 581, 762, 802, 812 Deficiency 771 Crohn’s disease 296 Cubitus varus 520, 570, 574, – femoral, congenital Corticosteroid 302, 303, 304, Cross-legged 199, 626 616, 617 260–267, 359, 448, 456 663, 664, 772, 776 Crossing sign 347, 351 Cuboid osteotomy 436, 438, – fibular 353–357, 457, 639 Cosmetic aspect 31, 94, 101, Cross-over sign 204, 209 439, 463, 493, 494 – tibial 353, 357–358, 456, 114, 122, 148, 152, 224, 263, Cross-table view 198, 200, 251, Cuneiform osteotomy 438, 639, 804 355, 356, 374, 376, 395, 453, 255 439, 463 – upper extremity 529 468, 470, 486, 487, 495, 531, Crosstalk 43 Curettage 178, 179, 307, 403, Défilé view 330 534, 536, 542, 543, 552, 555, Crouch gait 370, 371, 373, 374, 405, 512, 592, 593, 655, 684, Deformity 108, 225, 308, 443 557, 558, 562, 565, 570, 583, 376, 488, 495, 497, 870, 865 685, 688–691, 695, 694, – chest 651 584, 586, 613, 637, 638, 652, Crouch position 377, 496, 858, 696, 697, 699, 700, 702, 709, – cosmetic aspect 714 687, 795, 804, 835 870 726–728 – feet in hereditary diseases COSS protocol 178, 706, 730, Crouzon-Syndrom 800 Curschmann-Steinert dystrophy 653 731 CRP (C-reactive protein) 296, 869, 874 – functional in muscular Costs, pressure on 16, 28, 30, 297, 300, 317, 397, 410, 412, Curve types, scoliosis 101 dystrophy 328 31, 48, 86, 137, 178, 218, 241, 649, 650, 656, 657, 673, 711 Cushing syndrome 776 – knee, lower leg 308 296, 306, 396, 434, 435, 462, Cruciate ligament 44, 65, 66, Cushion 282, 484, 495, 852, – postinfectious 264, 572, 575, 603, 604, 607, 611, 612, 337 853, 865 574, 579 613, 637, 677, 740, 826, 835 – congenital absence 353, Cushioning function 495 – posttraumatic 253, 256, Cotrel-Dubousset 106, 107, 354, 356, 358, 359–360, 367, CWS protocol (Cooperative 443, 447, 457, 497, 498, 506, 112, 113, 165 450, 639, 643 intergroup soft tissue 513, 518, 544, 546 Counseling 4 – lesion 65–69, 321, 322, sarcoma study = »Coopera- – spine in hereditary diseases Cousin-Syndrom 804 325, 326, 327, 343, 378–88, tive Weichteilsarkom-Studie«) 652 Coxarthrosis 381–383, 388, 388, 410, 610 721, 723, 729, 731 – structural in flaccid paralysis 7 osteoarthritis, hip Cruciate ligament lesion 65, Cyclical exercise 187, 188, 189 327 Coxa antetorta 66, 68, 321, 322, 325, 326, Cylinder cast 332, 333, 340, – structural in muscular 7 Anteversion, femoral 337, 343, 360, 378–383, 388, 342, 381, 387, 390, 395, 413 dystrophy 328 Coxa magna 210, 222, 239, 389, 610 Cyst – upper extremity 464–479 240, 298, 302 Crus varum congenitum 360, – epidermal 511 Dega osteotomy 228, 280 Coxa profunda 204 607 – intraspinal 133 Dihydroxycalciferol 781 Coxa retrotorta 210, 226, 275, Crutches 23, 40, 244, 245, 248, – popliteal 321, 405, 409, 720 DeLange myopathy 874 282, 294, 617, 621, 623 286, 289, 290, 292, 293, 387, 7 also Bone cyst Delayed maturation 827 Coxa valga 204, 205, 225, 251, 395, 397, 502, 614, 627, 630, Cyst index 695, 696, 696 Delta phalanx 531, 539 261, 274, 282, 291, 293, 754, 650, 652, 854, 859, 863 Cystic type 353, 364 Denis Browne splint 221 760, 786, 805 Cryosurgery 727 Cystinosis 779 Denosumab 694, 697, 774, 776 Coxa vara 204, 221, 222, 259, Cryptorchism 144, 357, 816 Cytogenetics 685, 690, 708 Dens fracture 170–172 261, 262, 266–267, 268, CT-guided resection 684 Cytokeratine 689, 692, 700, Dens x-ray 83 269, 275, 288, 289, 291, 632, CT (Computer-tomogram) 713, 714 Dental abnormality 752, 766, 753–754, 757, 759, 760, 761, – foot and ankle 424, 429, 445, Cytomegaly 813, 855 779, 798 766, 768, 770, 774, 786, 799 456, 464, 483, 514 Cytostatic agents 664, 730 Dental brace 104 Coxitis – fracture 603, 604, 607, 608, Dental problem 752, 766, 779, – juvenile rheumatoid 297, 610 798 302–305, 315, 316 – general 44, 44, 45 Dentinogenesis 752, 777, 779 – suppurative 243, 296, – history 27 D Dermatofibrosarcoma 297–302, 315–317, 658 – hip 200, 204, 268, 276, 277, Dancing of the patella 321, protuberans 717, 718 CPT= congenital pseudarthrosis 287, 307, 310, 315, 316, 317 322, 323, 379 Dermatofibrosis lenticularis of the tibia 7 Displasia, – knee 326, 330, 334, 344–347, Dandy-Walker syndrome 751, disseminata 772 congenital tibial dysplasia 350, 351, 388, 412, 413 818 Derotation Craniocerebral trauma 168, – leg-length-measurement 633 DDH 7 Hip, dysplasia and – femur 27, 225, 226, 228 238, 292, 831, 855, 859 – measurment of torsion 622, dislocation 274, 275 278, 280, 282, 298, Craniosynostosis 770, 800 624, 652, 664 Deafness 453, 752, 759, 760, 396, 623, 628 Crankshaft phenomenon 106, – myelo- 4 773, 775, 777, 779, 873 – spine 27, 104, 107, 104, 107, 109, 111, 113, 141 – skelettal dysplasia 824 7 als hearing loss 108–114 Crawford classification – spine 85, 100, 113, 117, 124, De Barsy syndrome 441 – tibia 396, 437, 621, 627, 628, (congenital Pseudarthrosis 127, 133, 141, 147, 166, 170, Decentering, hip 237 631 of the tibia) 360, 361, 362, 173, 178, 179, 181, 177 – Decompensation (spine) – upper extremity 539 365 – spiral- 44 97, 101, 106, 113, 114, 115, Desault bandage 564, 565 Creatinine kinase 872, 875 – tumor 673, 676, 677, 677, 139, 153, 155, 155, 156, 161, Desbuquois-Syndrom 751, Crepitation 37, 330, 690 678, 684, 699, 706, 707, 708, 185, 798 752, 753, 754, 762, 770 Cretinism 826 710, 713, 727, 736 – hip 210, 211, 212, 218, 248, Desmoid tumor 306, 404, 410, Cri-du-chat syndrome 751, – upper extremity 542, 549, 249, 269, 273, 277, 279, 298, 591, 671–673, 716–717, 718, 753, 811 551 657, 821 724, 727, 729 886 Backmatter

Desmoplastic fibroma Disk, intervertebral Dwarfism 7 short stature – multiple epiphyseal 53, 242, 7 fibroma, desmoplastic 7 intervertebral disk – Dwyer, Allan 26, 105, 106, 259, 266, 267–269, 271, 296, Desmoplastic round cell tumor Dislocation 437, 493 297, 302, 336, 353, 367, 368, 596 – elbow 577, 769 Dwyer scoliosis operation 26, 751–754, 760, 761, 766–767, Destruction pattern acc. – hip 280 7 also hipd 105, 106 769, 786 to Lodwick 7 Lodwick’ dysplasia and dislocation Dwyer calcaneus osteotomy – osteofibrous acc. destruction pattern – knee 358–359, 762, 770 437, 438, 493 to Campanacci 402, 403, Development, phylogenetic – multiple 762 Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen 404, 674, 699, 700, 713, 87 – patella 754, 779, 798, 802, syndrome 768 714, 791 Development, physical 34, 809, 821 Dynamic brace 103, 105, 156 – osteosclerotic 751, 771 54–58 – radial head 520, 526, 539, Dynamic hip ultrasound 218 – otospondylomegaepiphyseal Developments in pediatric 544, 558, 559, 566, 567, 570, Dynamic splint 300, 382, 397, 752, 760 orthopaedics 27–30 574, 577, 579–582, 593, 603, 400, 652, 657, 867 – polyostototic, fibrous 165, De Barsy syndrome 441 612, 616, 753, 762, 765, 769, Dynamics 40, 60, 62, 64, 179, 699, 701, 702, 790–792 De Lange type muscular 787, 802, 811 210–211, 834, 846 – progressive pseudo- dystrophy 874 – shoulder 546–550, 561, Dyschondroplasia 789 rheumatoid 799 Diabetes mellitus 609, 781, 821, 823 Dyschondrosteosis 7 Leri-Weill – rhizomelic type 752, 753, 784, 817 – wrist 769 dyschondrosteosis 770–771 Diagnosis Related Group (DRG) Dissection 44, 45, 280, 339, Dysgenesis, epiphyseal 826 – spondylocostal 19 339–342, 368, 551 Dysostosis 7 Jarcho-Levin syndrome Diagnostic hypothesis 16 – Distance – acrofacial Weyer 451, 801 – spondyloepiphyseal 133, Diagnostic procedure 16–18 – intercondylar 47, 379, 621, – cleidocranial 266, 543, 562, 163–164, 166, 242, 259, 266, Diagonally cut insert 470, 627 625 754, 799 269, 270, 271, 302, 751– 754, Diastasis – intermalleolar 47, 379, 620, – mandibulofacial Fraschetti- 758, 759, 761, 762, 766–768 – radioulnar 769 621 Klein 801 – spondylometaphyseal 266, – tibiofibular 353, 357–358 – chin-strenum 80, 81 – mandibulofacial Treacher- 753, 763, 768, 769 Diastematomyelia 133, 135, Distraction epiphysiolysis 53 Collins 801 7 also Stüve-Wiedemann 861, 864 Distorsion trauma 503, 504 – multiplex 784–786 syndrome Diastrophic dysplasia Dobbs‘ treatment of congenital Dysplasia, hip 7 Hip, dysplasia – thanatophoric 750, 751, 7 dysplasia, diastrophic vertical talus 443, 445 and dislocation 752, 755, 756 Diazepam 837 Doctor’s behavior 14–19 Dysplasia epiphysealis – tibial 7 pseudarthrosis Differential blood count 649, Dolichocephaly 752, 796 hemimelica (Trevor’s disease) of the tibia 652, 657 Dolichostenomelia 7 Marfan 353, 367–368, 632, 687, 753, – trochlea 344, 345, 347, 350, Differential dignosis, skelettal syndrome 786–787 352 dysplasias 751–754 Doman-Delacato treatment Dysplasia Dysplastic type 124, 353, 363 Differentiation grade 681 839 – acromelic 769 Dysostosis multiplex group Digital dysplasia 805 Double-density sign 683 – acromesomelic 753, 769 784–786 Digital fibromatosis 592, 716 Double-rod system 107, 107, – asphyxiating thoracic 764 Dysraphism, spinal 132, 137 Dihydroxycalciferol 781 112 – camptomelic 751–753, 770, Dystonia 38, 39, 833 Dimeglio classification (club- Dowel implant operation 779 Dystrophic scoliosis 166 foot) 426, 427, 434, 435 according to Giannini 470 – chondroectodermal 752, 765 Dystrophin 871–874 Diphosphonate Down syndrome 165, 166, 242, – cleidocranial 266, 543, 562, Dystrophy 7 Bisphosphonate 259, 270, 343, 345, 348, 465, 752, 753, 754, 799 adiposogenital 251 Diplegia, spastic 275, 370, 489, 469, 470, 522, 751–754, 792, – diastrophic 133, 163, 166, – myotonic Curschmann- 856, 858–859 809, 809–811 409, 418, 430, 459, 522, Steinert 869, 874 Diplomyelia 864 Drain, ventricle 818, 861 751–754, 760–761, 767 Direct screw fixation 128 Drawer test 321, 323, 325, 378, – epiphyseal 7 multiple Disability 5, 39, 86, 120, 275, 379, 419, 423, 504 epiphyseal 355, 855, 857, 858, 865, 869 Drehmann sign 195, 199, 317 – epiphyselis hemimelica E Diseases, orthopaedic, develop- Dual-rod system 107, 107, 112 353, 367 368, 632, 687, 753, Early childhood development ment of 27–31 Duchenne-Trendelenburg gait 786–788 program 11 Discoid meniscus 336, 340, 41, 195, 196, 199, 247, 266, – fibrous 165, 166, 181, 259, Early onset scoliosis 93–94, 353, 364–367, 369, 378, 410, 300, 645, 835 266, 287, 291, 305, 306, 309, 103, 106–107 412, 645 Duchenne muscular dystrophy 312, 313, 361, 363, 402, 592, EBM (= »evicence based Discrepancy, leg length 41, 7 Muscular dystrophy, 593, 607, 632, 674, 675, 676, medicine«) 18 46–48, 78, 79, 82, 90, 94, 95, Duchenne 678, 691, 692, 696, 699–700, Echo time 45, 677 96, 165, 186, 199, 264, 266, Duncan-Ely Test 833 707, 727, 728, 753, 790–792 Economy 7 Costs, pressure on 273, 283, 295, 287, 291, 293, Dunn-Rippstein view 200, 201, – fibrous, polyostotic 165, Ectasia, dural 159, 796, 797 293, 298, 301, 311, 355, 356, 275 179, 699, 701, 702, 790–792 Ectopia lentis 160, 752, 795, 394, 395, 397, 405, 615, 616, Duplication 451, 452, 454, – mesomelic 753, 760, 796, 821 630, 631–645, 653, 733, 738, 458, 529, 540, 540, 541 , 809 769–770 Ectrodactyly 804 771, 788, 791, 792, 793, 815, 7 also Polydactyly – metaphyseal 266, 753, 754, Ectromelia 529 821, 865 Dural ectasia 159, 796, 797 768, 774, 775–776 Edrophonium 876 887 D–F Subject Index

Education 5, 8, 603 Epilepsy 154, 835, 837, 861 Erlenmeyer flask 775, 819 Extendable prosthesis 406, Effusion 37, 114, 200, 295, 296, Epiphyseal change 760, 764, Erythrocyte sedimentation 407, 738, 740 297, 321, 322, 323, 337, 339, 766, 786 reaction 174, 186, 294, 296, 7 also Arthroplasty 342, 345, 347, 359, 378, 379, Epiphyseal closure 47, 221, 317, 606, 649, 650, 673, 711 Extension contracture 388, 393, 396, 398, 399, 400, 222, 223, 227, 238, 253, 257, Escherichia coli 173 7 contracture 410, 412 290, 336, 386, 388, 398, 503, Escobar syndrome 816 Extension splint 370, 373, 374, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 162, 576, 586, 604, 610, 616, 625, ESIN = »elastic-stable intramed- 400, 641, 841, 849, 870 166, 343, 465, 547, 751–754, 641, 665, 737, 790, 791 ullary nailing« 289, 292, 293, Extension treatment 371, 612 763, 797, 821–823 Epiphyseal dysgenesis 826 394, 395, 562, 564, 565, 575, Extensor weakness 371 EICESS protocol 178, 182, 183, Epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple 580, 582, 583, 593, 613, 614, External fixator 712 7 Dysplasia. multiple 696, 728, 733, 776 7 Fixator, external Elbow dislocation 566, 567, epiphyseal 7 also fracture, Prévot-nailing – External rotational deformity 571, 572, 575, 576, 576–579 Epiphyseal fracture 54, 66, 384, Estrogen 53, 58, 65, 250, 717 7 Rotational deformity Elbow fracture 566–576 385, 386, 388, 388, 499, 500, EURAMOS study 178, 182, 706, Extracompartmental tumor Electrical stimulation 101, 104, 502, 503, 506, 563, 586, 604, 730, 731 405, 681, 707, 727 105 616 EUROEWING study 178, 712, Extracorporeal irradiation Electric wheelchair Epiphyseal plate 44, 51–54, 730 308, 309, 312, 406, 732, 7 wheelchair 57, 64–65, 221, 222, 238, Evans osteotomy 443, 468, 733–734, 735 Electromyogram 7 EMG 237, 240, 241, 246, 250– 259, 471, 472, 492 Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma Electrostimulation 413, 838 266, 290, 301, 305, 311, 329, 7 also Osteotomy 723 Elephantiasis 632, 792, 793 336, 339, 347, 358, 29, 364, Eversion 418, 419, 421, 422, Eye change 752 Ellis-van-Creveld syndrome 380–383, 398, 401, 402, 406, 424, 431, 466 149, 451, 751–754, 765–766 408, 410, 439, 455, 478, 501, Evidence based medicine 18 Elmslie operation 349 541, 563, 574, 587, 625, 628, Evolution 21, 30, 86, 87, 212 Emergency 255, 299, 398, 500, 632, 636, 639, 648, 674, 688, Ewing sarcoma 175, 177, 178, F 531, 542, 563, 569, 579, 603, 689, 693, 696, 698, 706, 737, 182, 183, 305–311, 403, 404, »fallen fragment« 607, 695 603, 603, 610, 611, 614, 649, 738, 757, 760, 779, 780, 782, 408, 507–512, 591, 594, 602, »floating thumb« 541 657, 732 783, 798, 826 607, 608, 609, 652, 671–677, Facial abnormality 143, 144, Emery-Dreifuss muscular Epiphyseal separation 28, 48, 680, 702, 705, 706, 707, 146, 166, 212, 752, 759, 762, dystrophy 869, 874 53, 54, 68, 287, 289, 331, 384, 710–712, 713, 721, 723, 769, 789, 794, 795, 801, 802, EMG 42, 43, 63, 372, 553, 564, 386, 388, 388, 388, 388, 397, 727–733, 734, 772 814, 816, 817 838, 868, 867, 869, 872–875 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 562, – extraskelettal 723 Facial palsy 752, 816 Eminence , intercondylar 360, 563, 564, 574, 587, 588, 603, Examination Facioscapulohumeral type 378, 379, 380, 381, 388–390 604, 604, 606, 616, 623, 656, – back 76–83 7 muscular dystrophy, Enchondroma 305, 307, 402, 783, 783, 814, 826, 864 – clinical, general 15, 35–38 facioscapulohumral type 405, 508, 591, 592, 593, 607, 7 also Slipped capital femoral – foot and ankle 417–423 Factor VIII deficiency 824 632, 652, 672, 674, 675, 676, epiphsysis – hip 195–198 Failure of differentiation 529, 687–688, 696, 702, 709, 727, Epiphysiodesis 109, 354, 410, – knee 321–326 536–539 728, 768 450, 470, 540, 541, 586, 616, – neurological 38–40, 76, 80, Failure of formation 133, 137, Enchondromatosis 307, 405, 628–640, 794, 821 831–833 164, 529 632, 688, 753, 787, 789–790, Epiphysiolysis 7 epiphyseal – neuroorthopaedic Failure of segmentation 132, 791 separation 831–835 133, 134, 135, 155, 156, 162, 7 also Ollier syndrome Epithelial cell nests 713 – school medical 46–48 164, 166, 167, 184, 448, 754, Endochondral growth 51, 53 Epithelioid cell sarcoma 679, – upper exremity 517–524 763, 799, 800, 860 Endoprosthetics 727, 729 Exercise, lack of 48, 91, 120, FAI 7 Impingement, femoro- 7 Arthroplasty Equilibrium 62, 151, 206, 210, 188, 609 acetabular End vertebrae 97, 106, 110, 280, 488, 497, 833, 834, 835, Exercise therapy 25, 48, 63, 66, Fairbank type 268, 367, 766, 111, 112, 113, 121, 156 836, 839, 840, 850, 851–857, 91, 101, 105, 120, 128, 131, 767, 786 Energy consumption 43, 45, 859, 862–864 176, 187, 188, 189, 191, 318, Fanconi syndrome 534, 802, 52, 61, 62, 64, 65, 283, 369, Equinovarus, talipes 340, 347, 370, 373, 375, 382, 804 370, 372, 376, 489, 496, 637, 7 Clubfoot 412, 468, 469, 492, 494, 504, Fassier-Duval nail 780 762, 844, 849, 863 Equinus foot 22, 25, 42, 47, 535, 548, 549, 559, 560, 562, Fasciotomy 394, 495 Enophthalmos 557, 796 356, 357, 370–377, 417, 419, 563, 573, 578, 609, 613, 658, Fatigue fracture Enthesopathic arthritis 418, 425, 428, 429, 431–440, 717, 729, 776, 818, 823, 859, 7 Stress fracture 7 Arthritis, enthesiopathic 445, 456, 457, 459, 486, 487, 863 Fatty tissue tumors, soft tissues Enzyme substitution 30, 779, 488–498, 632, 636, 643, 7 also Physiotherapy 719–720 784, 786, 820 760–763, 816, 831, 833, 836, Exogenous osteomyelitis Fat globules 379 EOS-system (whole body 840, 844, 846, 848, 865, 870, 7 Osteomyelitis Fat interposition 449, 464, 586, image) 98, 105 871 Exophthalmos 752, 762 616 Epicanthal fold 752, 770, 809, Equinus gait 370, 418, 419, Exostosis, cartilaginous Faux-profil view 200, 230, 276 817 488, 637, 844, 845, 848, 858 7 osteochondroma Fecal incontinence 861, 864 Epiexostotic chondrosarcoma Erb-Duchenne plexus palsy 557 Expedium instrumentation Femoral deficiency 7 Deficiency, 709 7 also plexus palsy 107, 108 femoral, congenital 888 Backmatter

Femoral fracture Fibula Flat back 76, 77, 89, 90, 118, – femur, proximal 287–290 7 Fracture, femur – autologous 165, 180, 183, 120, 185, 189 – follow-up controls 614 Femoral head necrosis 53, 218, 308, 309, 312, 314, 512, 653, Flexible intramedullary nail – foot 504–056 220, 221, 232, 242, 243, 254, 694, 732–737 289, 292, 293, 394, 395, 562, – forearm 579–586 257, 258, 287–290, 292, 299, – congenital pseudarthrosis 564, 565, 575, 580, 582, 583, – general therapeutic principles 302, 303, 315, 316, 613, 658, of tibia 360–364 593, 613, 614, 696, 728, 733, 610–613 754, 788, 809 – fracture 503–504 776 – growth disorder 614 7 also Legg-Calvé-Perthes – overlength 628, 654 7 also Prévot-nail – hand 586–589 disease Fibular aplasia 354–357, 448, Flexion contracture – historical 22 Femoral hypoplasia 7 Deficiency, 456–458, 638 7 contracture, flexion – humerus 562–572 femoral, congenital Fibular deficiency 354–357, floating thumb 541 – epicondylar 570–572 Femoral neck fracture 243, 448, 456–458, 638 Foam ring 462 – supracondylar 567–570 287, 288, 289, 290 Field size, x-rays 46 Focal femoral deficiency – transcondylar 572–573 Femoral neck lengthening Filamin-group 762–763 260–267, 359, 448, 456 – in leg lengthening 643 osteotomy 7 Osteotomy, Filtering, x-rays 46 Folic acid 132, 729, 860 – Knee, inraarticular 385 femoral neck lengthening Final length calculation 634, Foot, longitudinal arch 419, – localization 604 Femoral neck pseudarthrosis 638 448, 464, 465, 466–468, 470, – lower leg 388–395, 259, 261, 266–267, 617, Fine needle biopsy 678 472, 491, 494, 495 499–503 759 Finger-floor distance 15, 77, 82, Footdrop 354, 371, 418, 487, – malleolar 499–503 Femoral neck shortening 210, 118, 186 488, 489, 497, 866 – metacarpals and phalanges 222, 290 Finite-element model 62, 63, Footprint 419, 421, 465, 466, 587–589 Femur, neck-shaft angle 202, 210 467, 468 – metal removal 614 204, 225, 274, 276, 620, 622, Finger fracture 588, 614 Foot abnormality 425–460 – metatarsus 504 623 Fishtail deformity 574 Foot arch, medial 15, 37, 47, – Monteggia 520, 544, 566, Fettweis cast 24, 212, 220, 221, Fish vertebra 776 419, 420, 421, 441–445, 448, 579–582, 602 222 Fitbone£ nail 301, 308, 311, 463–474, 476 – navicular bone 419, 424, Fever, rheumatic 663 356, 407, 640, 641, 737, 738, Foot exercises 468, 469 505, 526, 586, 587 Fiber type disproportion 874 740 Foot pain 480–485, 513 – olecranon 576–577 Fibrin glue 340 Fitness 25, 91, 609 Force 38, 61–63, 832 – open 291, 292, 393, 505, Fibrocartilaginous mesenchy- Fixator Force, loss of 157, 282, 376, 562, 566, 588, 603, 611, 612, moma 710, 736 – circular 26, 358, 363–365, 388, 407, 489, 493, 495, 555, 656 Fibrodysplasia ossificans 411, 438, 439, 533, 640–644, 559, 639, 815, 816, 838, 839, – patella 386–388 progressiva 162, 418, 459, 815, 816 841, 868, 870 – pelvis 285–287 752–754, 794 7 also Ilisarov-apparatus, Force plate 42, 63 – pathological 287, 291, 292, Fibroma 592 Taylor Spatial Frame Force resultant 61, 62, 64, 204, 311, 562, 607–608, 696, 700, – calcifying, aponeurotic – external 141 163, 228, 267, 205, 208, 782 713, 728, 753, 773, 775, 777, 716 268, 287, 292, 293, 294, 358, Forearm shaft fracture 779, 789, 791, 794, 814, 820, – desmoplastic 181, 690, 691, 363, 365, 390, 391, 394, 395, 581–586 841, 863, 864 698, 712, 727 400, 539, 565, 569, 570, 581, Forefoot, ROM 417 – postoperative care 613–614 Fibromatosis 612, 614, 639, 640, 641, 642, Formalin 652, 680 – Prévot nailing 291, 292, 293, 7 also desmoid tumor 643, 740, 779, 792, 815, 816 Formation defect 133, 137, 311, 574, 576, 583, 584, 594, – congenital 672, 673 – internal 292, 642 164, 529 612–613, 696, 728, 733, 777, – digital 592, 716 – monolateral 291, 394, 395, Forward-bending test 15, 37, 780 – infantile 716, 717 401, 455, 565, 566, 569, 570, 46, 47, 77, 78, 96 – prognosis 615 – plantar 511 582, 588, 612, 613, 614, 639, Forward elevation, shoulder 7 also spontaneous correc- – subdermal 592, 716 640–644 547 tion Fibroma molluscum 752, Flaccid paralysis 860–869 Fracture – radial head 574–576 792 – ankle and foot 495–499 – basic principles 601–617 – radius 579–586 Fibroma, non-ossifying – hip an pelvis 281–285 – calcaneus 505 – scaphoid 526, 586–587 7 Non-ossifying bone-fibroma – knee and lower leg 275–277 – carpal bones 586 – scapula 561 Fibrosarcoma 306, 674, 675, – upper extremity 557–560 – classification 604 – spine 168–173, 187 691, 712, 716, 717, 722, 727, Flatfoot 357, 734 – clavicle 561, 605 – spontaneous correction 788 – congenital 441–445 – diagnosic measures 171, 287, 292, 385, 388, 388, – infantile 671, 724 7 also vertical talus 603–604 391, 500, 502, 505, 564, 566, Fibrous cortical defect 698 – flexible 5, 417, 420, 421, – displacement 604–605 569, 570, 574, 574, 582, 585, 7 also non-ossifying bone 425, 436, 444, 445, 445, 449, – femur, distal 384–385 586–588, 604, 610, 614–615 fibrome 463–473, 476 – elbow 566–576 – stress- 44, 286, 287, 288, Fibrous dysplasia – in skeletal dyplasia 259, – epicondyle 570–572 291, 334–335, 386, 421, 485, 7 dysplasia, fibrous 754, 779, 795, 798, 799, 809, – epidemiology 601–602 577, 584, 603, 604, 608–609, Fibrous hamartoma 361, 716 810, 812, 821, 823 – ESIN 7 Prévot nailing 610, 645, 677, 683 Fibrous histiocytoma 306, 403, – neurogenic 272, 370, – external fixator 7 Fixator – subchondral 237 690–691, 698, 706, 712–713, 486–498, 843, 874 – femur, diaphyseal 291–295 – subtrochanteric 288 718, 721, 727 – rigid 421, 441, 448, 464, 467 – femur, distal 384–386 – supracondylar, Femur 385 889 F–H Subject Index

– talus 505, 506 Gait analysis 27, 40–43, 63–64, Gigantism 632, 798 – general 51–54 – tibia, distal 499–503 76, 210, 272, 274, 275, 373, Gilchrist bandage 561, 563 – residual 635 – tibia, proximal 388–388 487, 644, 738, 834–841, 859 Girdlestone 664 – spine 96, 117 – toes 540–506 Gait laboratory 27, 40–43, 839, Giving way phenomenon 321, Growth completion 47, 221, – transitional 384–389, 840 322, 345, 360, 370, 374, 379, 222, 227, 253, 257, 258, 290, 499–503, 587, 588, 604, 604 Gait pattern 39, 42, 281, 318, 410, 412, 419, 498, 843 336, 386, 388, 398, 503, 576, – trochanter 288 370, 371, 413, 419, 482, 622, Glaucoma 752, 760 586, 604, 610, 616, 625, 641, – ulna 582 817, 832, 834, 838, 848, 859, Glenohumeral translation 519, 665, 737, 738, 790, 791 – upper extremity 561–587 863, 865, 873, 876 520, 547, 548 Growth curve 47, 56 Fragile X syndrome 752, 754, Galactosialidosis 784, 786 Glenoid reconstruction 550 Growth disturbance 9, 47, 48, 812 Galeazzi fracture 584, 585 Glisson sling 24 54, 57, 117, 134, 155, 166, Fragilitas ossium Gamma-nail, retrograde 312, Glomus tumor 727, 728 228, 236, 288, 289, 290, 292, 7 Osteogenesis imperfecta 313, 792 Glycogen 711, 722 293, 297, 299, 382, 386, 388, Fragmentation 222, 239, 331, Ganglion 511, 678, 721 Goldenhar syndrome 167, 751, 388, 388, 397, 398, 406, 499, 480, 484, 485, 576 Ganglioneuroma 793 752, 754, 801 502, 506, 550–552, 555, 563, Frantz-O’Rahilly classification Gangliosidosis 784, 786 Goldthwait operation 349 564, 566 570, 572, 573, 574, (congen. malformations) 529 Ganz osteotomy 7 Osteotomy, Goniometer (protractor) 36, 576, 579, 584–588, 591–593, Fraschetti-Klein, mandibulofacial periacetabular 48, 64, 78, 79, 80, 96 614–616, 633, 650, 653, 657, dysostosis 801 Gardner syndrome 716–717 Gonad protection 46 658, 665, 685, 704, 797, 780, Freckles, axillary 792 Gargoylism 752, 784, 785 Good responder 730 786 Freeman-Sheldon syndrome Garré osteomyelitis 648, 651, Gorham syndrome 753, 786 Growth hormone 53, 58, 64, 431, 814 653–654 Gowers sign 871, 875 65, 250, 329, 672, 756, 857 Freiberg’s disease 421, Gartland classification (supra- Grading (tumors) 680, 681, Growth plate 44, 51–54, 57, 481–482, 505, 513, 551 condylar fracture of humerus) 682, 695, 706, 708, 713, 74, 64–65, 221, 222, 238, 237, Frequency (definition) 750 567, 569 729 240, 241, 246, 250– 259, Frick tunnel view 326, 327, Gastrostomy 857 Graf ultrasound examination 266, 290, 301, 305, 311, 329, 337, 338, 359, 360, 368, 410, Gaucher disease 242, 607, 212, 216–218, 220, 221, 233, 336, 339, 347, 358, 29, 364, 412, 413 751–753, 819–820 234, 260 380–383, 398, 401, 402, 406, Friction 61, 62 Genetic classification, skeletal Grasp function 532, 534, 536, 408, 410, 439, 455, 478, 501, Frog view 198 dysplasia 749–750 552, 554, 555 541, 563, 574, 587, 625, 628, Fröhlich’s adiposogenital Genetic intermixing 29, 30, 31, Gravitation 40 632, 636, 639, 648, 674, 688, dystrophy 251 88, 95, 212, 750 Gravity 39, 40, 41, 60, 61, 62, 689, 693, 696, 698, 706, 737, Frozen section diagnosis 652, Gene technology, gene therapy 87, 88, 90, 112, 120, 122, 125, 738, 757, 760, 779, 780, 782, 678, 679, 680, 706 30, 54, 779, 786, 820, 826, 873 130, 131, 151, 156, 157, 189, 783, 798, 826 Fuhrmann syndrome 804 Genitalia, development 58, 59, 196, 205, 210, 274, 275, 277, Growth plate closure 47, 221, Functional disorder 251, 769, 817 282, 371, 372, 373, 496, 637, 222, 227, 253, 257, 258, 290, – in flaccid paralyses 495 Genu flexum (antecurvatum) 833, 834, 843, 850, 851, 856, 336, 386, 388, 398, 503, 576, – foot and ankle 487 322, 632 869, 870, 874 586, 604, 610, 616, 625, 641, – hip, pelvis and prox. femur Genu recurvatum 322, 344, Greenstick fracture 65, 291, 665, 737, 738, 790, 791 266–275 345, 359, 621, 625, 627, 632, 389, 393, 394, 500, 564, Growth prognosis 58, 297, 396, – knee and lower leg 369, 375 753, 757, 767 580–584, 604 634–637, 653, 656, 841 Functional x-ray Genu valgum 47, 266, 321, Green operation 543, 555 Growth rate 55, 64, 66, 632, – general 43, 767, 810 322, 343, 344, 345, 367, 374, Grice arthrodesis 470, 494, 708, 787 – scoliosis 99 390, 465, 621, 622, 625, 627, 496 Growth spurt 8, 15, 35, 53, – spine 83, 99, 103, 110, 111, 628–629, 753, 757, 762, 765, Grisel syndrome 144 54–59, 65, 93, 95, 96, 97, 116, 125, 170 766, 767, 768, 768, 773, 775, Ground-glass opacity 676, 696, 98, 103, 114, 117, 191, 213, Functional Independence 782, 786, 787 699, 700, 791 250, 251, 293, 328, 329, 624, Measure 839 Genu varum 47, 322, 398, 413, Ground reaction force 40, 42, 798 Function, maintenance of 31 620, 621, 624, 625, 626–630, 63, 66, 375 Growth stimulation 53, 137, Funnel chest 89, 117, 146–148, 753, 756, 757, 758, 759, 767, Ground substance 674, 675, 139, 293, 631, 632, 635, 663, 149, 752, 796, 797, 821 768, 773, 782, 783 689, 704, 709, 778 792, 821 Full-leg image 622, 624, 628 Geographic lesion 674, 675, growing pain 328–329, 396, Guillain-Barré syndrome 865 Fusion in situ, spondylolisthesis 685, 691 404, 412 413, 592, 672 Guidi, Guido 23 128, 131 Germinative zone 51, 52 Growth 4, 51–54, 331, 355, Gymnast’s wrist 585, 610 Fusion of the ribs 132 Ghent-classification (Marfan 385, 397, 401, 406, 407 Future of pediatric orthopaedics syndrome) 796 – accelerated 9, 16, 34, 53, 30–32 Giant cell fibroblastoma 54–58, 65, 94, 96, 99, 393, 717–718 115, 117, 120, 191, 212, 250, H Giant cell tumor 177, 178, 179, 293, 330, 624, 798 Haemophilus influenzae 396, 181, 305, 402, 403, 405, 592, – curve 56 648, 656 G 595, 607, 632, 671–676, 685, – enchondral 51, 53 Haglund’s deformity 485 Gadolinium 45, 337, 687 689, 690, 693–695, 696, 697, – prognosis 297, 397, 633, Hair 58–59, 752, 766, 768, 769, gage sign 237, 240, 241 706, 719, 726–728 635, 653, 656, 737 771 890 Backmatter

Hallux Heel-to-toe roll 41, 272, 435, Herpes simplex 813 Hip guidance orthosis 849, – valgus. juvenile 462, 455, 458, 478, 481, 800, 836, Herring classification 850, 862, 863 474–480 846, 858 (Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease) Hip implant 7 Arthrosplasty – varus, congenital 451, Heel-toe gait 848 238, 239, 240, 241, 248 Hip measurement, spherical 454–455 Heels, walking on 37, 81, 82, Heterotopic ossification 54, 205, 206 – valgus interphalangeal 419, 418, 419, 469, 491, 496, 498, 281, 283, 578, 721, 794, 838 Hip mobility 7 Range of motion, 477, 478 836 847, 848 7 also Myositis ossificans hip – varus, secondary 435, 436, Heel control 456, 464, 469 Heussner spring 360 Hip osteoarthritis 34, 37, 68, 438, 451, 454, 462, 478 Heel insert 637 Hibbs, Russel A. 26, 105 69, 200, 210, 211, 212, 218, Halo 111, 112, 141, 153, 154, Heel pain 484–485 High-grade malignant sarcoma 226, 238, 240, 242, 254, 269, 163, 171, 172, 762, 811 Heel wedge 637 308 404, 409, 594, 670–671, 287, 293, 297, 303, 305, 624, Hamanishi classification Height 15, 37, 38, 46, 47, 677, 678, 680, 704, 705–708, 666, 757, 758, 759, 763, 766, ( congenital vertical talus) 54–56, 66, 610, 616, 637, 709, 712–731, 721, 727–731, 768, 773, 774, 775, 786, 788, 441 747, 749, 757, 758, 760, 768, 741 798, 811, 820, 824 Hamartoma 165, 360, 361, 362, 784, 795 Hilgenreiner line 24, 212, 215 Hip reconstruction, in neuro- 671, 685, 716, 720, 789, 790, 7 also Dwarfism, Gigantism Hill-Sachs lesion 547 muscular disease 27, 273, 792, 793, 821 Height, final 58, 401, 406, Hindfoot axis 417, 434, 439, 278, 281, 283 Hamstring muscles 37, 39, 77, 633–638, 737, 747, 751, 757, 796 Hip spica cast 23, 211, 220, 82, 118, 125, 191, 199, 214, 761, 763, 766, 768, 768, 769 Hinge abduction 243, 244, 221, 224, 228, 238, 249, 280, 273, 274, 280, 282, 323, 325, Height measurement 36, 236 247, 248 282, 288, 289, 291, 292, 606 369, 370–373, 375, 410, 413, Hemangioendothelioma 692, Hip-knee-ankle-foot-orthosis Hip transposition 308, 309, 833 713, 733, 790 849 310, 311, 313 Hand-Schüller-Christian disease Hemangioma 165, 410, 592, Hip, anteverted 28, 37, 195, Histiocytoma, fibrous 699, 701 632, 672, 691–692, 720–720, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, – angiomatoid 718–719 7 also Langerhanscell histio- 752, 760, 790, 820 202–208, 272, 280–281, 294, – benign 690–691, 698 cytosis Hemangiopericytoma 305, 475, 605, 617, 620–624, 636 – fibrous of the skin 718 Handicap 8, 12, 31, 245, 263, 710, 716, 724, 727 Hip, retroverted 210, 226, 275, – malignant 306, 403, 706, 360, 374, 458, 478, 544, 552, Hemarthrosis 289, 345, 347, 281, 450 712–713, 721, 727 559, 606, 642, 664, 748, 758, 378, 379, 384, 385–388, 390, Hippocrates 22–25, 211, 425 Histiocytosis X 7 Langerhanscell 816, 818, 831 567, 571, 632 Hippotherapy 25, 837, 839 histiocytosis Hand deformity 528–544 Hematoma 285, 290, 291, 400 Hip centering 7 Decentering, hip Histology 51, 169, 178, 341, Hanhart syndrome 804 504, 567, 570, 572, 603, 606, Hip avascular necrosis 360, 430, 511, 512, 649, 652, Hanscom classification (Osteo- 673, 718, 752, 824 7 Avascular necrosis, femoral 654, 655, 671, 674, 676, 678, genesis imperfecta) 778 Hemifacial microsomia 801 head 680–682, 683–701, 706–714, Hansson pin 254, 255, 258 Hemihyperplasia 455 Hip dysplasia and dislocation 716–723, 727–731, 772, Harcke ultrasound examination Hemihypertrophy 631, 645, 185 773, 777, 783, 786, 789, 790, 218 662, 684, 719, 720, 733, 752, – anterior 279 873–874 Harness 212, 219, 220, 221, 793, 794, 795, 820, 821 – congenital 23, 24, 211–235 History, medical 222, 283 Hemimelia – historical 22–24 7 medical history Harrington 26, 105, 112, 113 7 Deficiency or malformation – in arthrogryposis 754, 815 Historical review 21–26 Head-at-risk signs 237, 241 Hemiparesis 42, 489, 547, 552, – in cerebral palsy 275–283, hitchhiker thumb 803 Head-in-neck position 222, 554, 645, 836, 838, 856, 858, 317, 645, 801, 809, 810, 815, HKAFO 7 Hip guidance orthosis 227 859 817, 821, 822, 838, 850, 859, HLA-B 27 176, 663 Head-neck support 851 7 also Cerebral palsy 862, 864, 874 HMSN (Hereditary motor Headrest 152, 851 Hemipelvectomy 308, 313 – in diastrophic dwarfism 761 and sensory neuropathy) Head at risk signs 237, 241 Hemivertebra 133–136, 139, – in Down syndrome 675, 809, 869, 875, 876 Head control 54, 87, 151, 152, 140, 142, 156, 165, 166, 184, 810, 811 Hoffa, Albert 25 851, 859 821, 860 – in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Hollow-flat back 76, 77 89, 90 Head rotation 79, 80, 82, 143 Hemivertebrectomy 139–142, 821 Hollow back 76, 77, 87, 89, 90 Hearing loss 144, 160, 752, 166 – in Goldenhar syndrome 801 Holt-Oram syndrome 451, 534, 760, 762, 775, 777, 786, 794, Hemophilia 242, 400, 421, 512, – in myelomeningocele 281 751, 753, 805 799, 805 632, 663, 753, 754, 824–826 – in Pierre-Robin syndrome Home ventilation program 873 7 also deafness Hemorrhage 285, 606, 824, 817 Homocystinuria 751–754, 776, Heart (cardiac) defect (anomaliy, 859 – neurogenic 275–283, 317, 799, 821 malformation, insufficiency) Hepatomegaly 771, 773 645, 801, 809, 810, 815, 817, Hook, prosthetic 532, 534 133, 146, 160, 357, 534, 763, Herbert screw 340 821, 822, 838, 850, 859, 862, Hook’s law 63 766, 796, 798, 801, 805, 809, Hereditary disease 23, 864, 874 Hook screw 128 811, 812, 817, 871, 873, 874 158–167, 267–272, – risk factors 218 Hormonal disorder 251, 775, Heart failure 871 367–369, 458–460, – screening 212, 217 783, 783, 790, 791, 802, 826, Heavy ions 709 544–546, 747–826 – teratological 223, 224, 225, 858, 869 Heel-ball gait 81, 418, 419, 489, Hereditary motor and sensory 259–260 Hormonal regulation 53, 54, 848 neuropathy (HMSN) 869, Hip effusion 7 Transient 58, 64, 65, 96, 212, 251, 287, Heel-drop test 81, 186 875, 876 synovitis 329, 331, 614, 672, 717, 728 891 H–I Subject Index

Hormonal treatment 47, 728, Hypervitaminosis 772, 782 Imbalance, muscle 15, 330, – spine 114, 123, 145, 172, 756, 774, 775, 783 Hypesthesia 39, 553, 559, 833, 343, 613, 832 173, 174, 178 Horner syndrome 557 856, 860 Imhaeuser-Southwick osteotomy Information, medical 12, 19, 19, hot spot 44, 335, 685 Hypocalcemia 773, 781, 783 257 113, 386, 563, 564, 603 Hounsfield units 27, 44 Hypochondrogenesis 751, Immune system 650, 651, 662, Inner shoe 434, 435, 469 Hueter-Volkmann law 60 758–759 664, 701, 768 Insall operation 350 Human history 17 Hypochondroplasia 56, 270, Immunohistochemistry 685, Insert, shoe- 5, 28, 478 Humeral deficiency 271, 751, 753, 754, 756, 757, 689, 691, 697, 700, 701, 706, – in clubfeet 434, 435 – proximal, focal 536, 537 758, 759, 767 709, 710, 712–714, 717–720, – in hallux valgus 474, 477, Humeral fracture Hypogonadism 250, 776, 817 722, 723 478 7 Fracture, humerus Hypoparathyroidism 783, 784 Immunosuppression 735 – in neuromuscular disease Humeral head prosthesis 594 7 also Pseudohypopara- Impairment 30, 31, 40, 152, 486, 487, 491, 493, 495, 815, Hunter syndrome 751, 784, 785 thyreoidism 263, 275, 285, 311, 355, 359, 839, 844–846 Hunter-Thompson type of Hypophosphatemia 781, 782 360, 374, 458, 488, 559, 643, – in Sever’s disease 484 ackromesomelic dysplasia 7 also Rickets 749 751, 758, 801, 816, 817, – with varus pad 434, 435 769 Hypopituitarism 250 817, 831, 856, 857, 858, 864, Insertion tendinosis 485, 837 Hurler syndrome 162, 270, 271, Hypoplasia 870 Inspection 37 751, 784, 785 – lower extremity 260–267, – mental 7 mental retardation – back 76 Hydraulic mobilization 243, 353–358 Impingement, femoro-acetabu- – foot and ankle 417 248, 400, 658, 664 – upper extremity 541 lar 28, 68, 197–199, 206, – hip 195 Hydrocephalus 757, 818, 861 Hypothesis, diagnostic 16 210–211, 226, 230, 231, 234, – knee 321 Hydromyelia 864 Hypothyroidism 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 287, 294, 316, – upper extremity 517 Hydrostatic pressure 61 752–753, 766, 783, 826–827 317 Instability Hyperactive children 7 Hypotonia 38, 165, 278, 465, Implant infection 656 – -atlantoaxial 80, 144, 162, Hypercalcemia 873 757, 771, 778, 798, 809, Inbreeding 22, 29, 30 164, 165, 166, 170, 172, Hyperelasticity (skin) 752, 822 817, 819, 832, 836, 850, 857, Incest 22, 747 175, 176, 662, 663, 665, 676, Hyperesthesia 38, 488, 492, 875 Incidence 67, 86, 95 754, 759, 763, 768, 778, 780, 553, 559, 792, 833, 856 Hypotrophy 631, 824 – definition 750 786, 809, 810, 811, 817, 823 Hyperextension 68, 124, 125, 7 also Hypoplasia – orthopaedic problems 22, – ankle 356, 357, 504 265, 283, 321, 322, 358, 369, Hypoxemia 855 23, 27–31 – elbow 521, 572, 579 370, 372, 375, 377, 378, 381, – skeletal dysplasias 750 – hand 554, 555 384, 385, 388, 418, 498, 523, Inclination 43, 78, 79, 80, 81, – knee 321, 326, 337, 356, 553, 556, 563, 567, 588, 796, 82, 83, 89, 96, 98, 99, 101, 359, 361, 370, 372, 374, 377, 800, 821, 833, 865, 871 I 109, 143, 145, 160, 170, 186, 379–384 Hyperkyphosis 38, 47, 87, 90, Idiopathic scoliosis 93–116 187, 202, 359, 369, 370, 371, – occipitoatlantal 810 91, 96, 118, 122, 124, 775, IFSSH-classification (= Interna- 375, 541, 547, 549, 625, 627, – shoulder 546, 550 776, 851, 860 tional Federation of Societies 629, 634, 810, 811 Intensifying screen 46 Hyperlaxity 37, 160, 162, for Surgery of the Hand) 529 Inclinometer 78, 80, 96, 103 Intercalary deficiency 529, 212, 216, 259, 323, 330, IKDC (= International Knee Inclusion body fibromatosis 532 331, 333, 343, 349, 378, 381, Documentation Committee ) 716 Intercondylar distance 47, 379, 445, 464–466, 471, 522, 383 Incontinence 861, 864, 865 621, 625 548, 549, 626, 627, 752, 757, Iliac crest 7, 47, 58, 76, 78, 82, Index finger, overlength 753, Intercondylar eminence 360, 758, 762, 768, 768, 770, 777, 84, 95–98, 113, 137, 150, 228, 812 378–381, 388–391, 393 779, 794–798, 809–812, 817, 274, 275, 512, 631, 653, 699, Infancy 6, 53, 54, 54, 93, 100, Interferon 774, 777 821–823 797, 738, 783, 851, 872 137, 214, 297, 298, 299, 359, Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Hyperlordosis 77, 88, 89, 120, Iliac fracture 285, 287 367, 396, 468, 476, 761, 775, Study 7 CWS 125, 145, 151, 157, 166, 195, Iliopsoas transfer 280, 283 790, 820, 874 Interleukin 662, 664 196, 212, 266, 274, 275, 282, Iliosacral joint rupture 287 Infantile cerebral palsy intermalleolar distance 48, 283, 757, 758, 758, 775, 833, Ilizarov apparatus 26, 27, 364, 7 Cerebral palsy 389, 635 835, 871, 872, 874 365, 373, 410, 411, 426, 435, Infantile cortical hyperostosis Intermixing, genetic 29, 30, 31, Hyperostosis 654, 683 436, 438, 439, 456, 493, 495, 752, 753, 771 88, 95, 212, 750 – infantile cortical 751, 752, 533, 639, 642, 664, 772 Infantile fibrosarcoma 671, Internal fixation (osteosynthesis) 753, 771–772, 775 Ilizarov, Gavril 26, 27 724 26, 27 Hyperparathyroidism 751–753, Ilomedin 291 Infantile scoliosis 88, 93, 94, 95 – angulated plate- 225, 226, 776, 783 Imaging diagnostics Infection 12, 13, 44, 46, 612, 228, 265, 281, 288, 289, 313, Hyperphosphatasia 775 – ankle 423–425 632, 641, 643, 646–660, 673, 328, 613, 640, 733 Hyperpronation 418, 464, 465 – foot 423–425 746747, 734, 738, 768, 780, – compression- 386, 572, Hypertelorism 752, 759, 762, – general 43–46 798, 824, 856 573 786, 798 – hip 198–200 – bone 7 Osteomyelitis – forearm 585 Hyperthermia, malignant 730, – knee 326–328, 413 – foot and ankle 480, 507–508 – hand 588 770, 818, 873 – spine 83–92 – hip 200, 257, 258, 262, 283, – humerus 572, 573 Hyperthyroidism 776, 790, 791 – tumor 673–677 290, 293–299, 303, 307 – K-wire- 385, 388, 506, 569, Hypertrichosis 817 – upper extremity 524–527 – knee 396–399, 398, 406, 407 583, 585 892 Backmatter

Internal fixation (osteosynthesis) – extracorporeal 308, 309, Kirner‘s deformity 539, 587 – plate- 275, 281, 288, 289, 312, 406, 732, 733–734, 735 Kirschner wire fixation 6, 228, L 291, 293, 353, 562, 565, 574, – preoperative 307, 721, 727, 254, 289, 385, 386, 391, 434, Laboratory investigations 577, 583, 585, 586, 588, 613, 729–731 438, 443, 454, 500, 501, 506, – in infections 648–649 640, 777, 780 Irrigation, arthroscopic 299, 563, 568, 569, 571, 575, 583, – in juvenile rheumatoid – radius 565 303, 347, 398, 657, 665, 825, 585, 586, 588, 628, 629, 642, arthritis 664 – screws- 353, 385, 386, 388, 826 782, 783 – in tumors 673 502, 569, 581 Irrigation drain 299, 300, 649, KiSS syndrome (Kinetic Imbal- Lachman test 321, 325, 378, – tension band- 289, 386, 577, 652 ance due to Suboccipital 381, 389, 412 577 IR sequence (Inversion recovery Strain) 144 Lambrinudi arthrodesis 497 Internal fixator 292, 642 sequence) 45 Klapp, Rudolf 25 Laminectomy 163, 166, 172, Internal knee lesion 378–384, ISKD nail (»intramedullary skele- Klinefelter syndrome 242, 751, 758, 838 404, 604, 645 tal kinetic distractor«) 640 753, 812 Langerhans cell histiocytosis International Classification Isolated limb perfusion 308, Klippel-Feil syndrome 82, 133, 175, 179, 181, 186, 305, of Impairments, Disabilities 313, 314, 723, 727, 729 134, 141, 144, 162, 190, 542, 652, 654, 675, 692, 696, and Handicaps (ICIDH) 31 801 700–702, 712, 726, 727, 728, International Nosology and Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber 776, 791 Classification of Genetic syndrome 165, 166, 184, Lange position 221 Skeletal Disorders 755 J 418, 458, 544, 631, 632, 720, Lapidus arthrodesis 477, 478 International Skeletal Dysplasia Jackson-Weiss syndrome 800 752, 754, 795, 820–821 Larsen syndrome 133, 164, Society (ISDS) 755 Jaffé-Lichtenstein disease 790 Klumpke-Déjérine plexus palsy 166, 259, 321, 353, 358, 359, Interscapulothoracic resection Jahn, Friedrich Ludwig 25 557 409, 431, 751–754, 760, 763, 594 Jarcho-Levin syndrome 133, Knee ankle foot orthosis 377, 770, 823 Intertrochanteric osteotomy 137, 139, 752, 754, 801–802 848 Laser device 720, 826 7 Osteotomy, trochanteric Jeune syndrome 149, 451, 752, Knee axis 621 Lasso transfer 559 Intervertebral disk 53, 84, 91, 764–765, 766 Knee extension brace 642, 848, Late-onset form 773, 774 107, 112, 113, 117, 118, 119, Joint chain 843 849, 870 Lateral acetabular epiphysis 127, 130, 134, 153–155, 160, Joint chondromatosis Knee extension splint 373, 374, 208, 211, 213, 215, 216, 169–171, 173, 174, 175, 176 7 Chondromatosis, synovial 400, 641, 849, 870 217, 223, 227, 275, 276, 277, – calcification 176 Joint contours 322 Knee extensor paresis 865 278 – herniation 81, 187, 190, 610 Joint lavage 302, 303, 347, 397, Knee flexor lengthening 373, Lateral calcification 200, 237, Intestinal motility disorder 871 657, 664, 826 848 240, 241, 242, 243, 246, 248, Intoeing gait 5, 7, 10, 15, 34, Joint mouse 7 Osteochondritis Knee pain, anterior 321, 269, 766 89, 318, 374, 464, 465, 470, dissecans 329–331, 413 Lateral inclination 43, 78, 79, 620, 622, 623 624, 848 Joint play 381, 383 Knee support 330, 331, 413, 80, 82, 96, 98, 99, 101, 109, Intra-articular fracture 378, Joint prosthesis 7 Arthroplasty 815 145, 186 386, 499, 500, 505, 506, 572, Joystick method 575 kneeing-in 199, 321, 621 Lateral opening 321, 325, 326, 574, 575, 587, 588, 603, 617 Jumper’s knee 332 Kniest syndrome 164, 167, 266, 378, 379, 412, 423, 504 Intracompartmental tumor 681 Juvenile bone cyst 7 Bone cyst, 353, 751–754, 758, 759–760 Lateral pillar classification Intralesional resection 512, simple Köhler’s disease 480–481 238 684, 707, 708, 714, 726, 727 Juvenile osteoporosis 607, 608, Kozlowski spondylometaphyseal Lateral release 7 release Intramedullary nail 292, 311, 753, 754, 776–777, 779 dysplasia 763 Lateral torsion of the tibia 358, 353, 353, 363, 364, 365, Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis Kugelberg-Welander spinal 7 Torsion, tibia 374, 407, 564, 576, 640–642, 175, 302, 399–401, 409–412, muscular atrophy 155 869, Latex allergy 157, 861, 864 644, 775, 792 662–666 875, 876 Late onset 754, 759, 773, Intraspinal anomaly 44, 76, 85, Juvenile scoliosis 93, 94 Kyphosis 40 774 94, 95, 99, 100, 109, 112, 132, 7 also Scoliosis – examination 57 Lauenstein view 198, 200, 241, 133, 137, 139, 142, 157, 159, – in fibrous dysplasia 165 251, 317 160, 178, 183–184, 189, 793, – in Goldenhar syndrome 166 Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl 821, 864 – in hereditary disease syndrome 451 Intrathecal bolus injection 837 K 162–168, 747, 756, 758, Lavage, joint 300, 303, 347, Intuition 16 Kabat treatment 25, 840 760, 761, 763, 768, 779, 784, 397, 657, 664, 826 Inverse dynamic model 63 Kabuki syndrome 343 817, 820, 821, 826 LDFA (= lateral distal femur Inversion 357, 418, 419, 421, KAFO (knee ankle foot orthosis) – in Scheuermann’s disease angle) 622, 624 422, 423, 425, 429, 499 377, 848, 849 118–124 Leaf spring orthosis 845 Inversion recovery 45 Kalamchi & Dawe classification – neuromuscular 154, 851, Leg-length discrepancy 42, Iridocyclitis 176, 662, 663 (tibial deficiency) 357 851, 861 46–48, 78, 79, 81, 91, 94, 96, Irradiation 179, 182, 183, Keeled chest 148–150, 796 – posttraumatic 173 165, 186, 199, 266, 273, 274, 307–309, 312, 407, 409, 594, Kernicterus 831, 855 Kyphosis operation 122, 123 283–287, 290, 292, 293, 297, 632, 695, 700, 702, 707, 709, Kinematics 27, 42, 60, 62, 63 155 310, 356, 393, 398, 406, 615, 712, 713, 717, 717, 721, 723, Kinetics 42, 60, 62, 63 Kyphotic angle 94, 119, 120 631–645, 653, 733, 737, 771, 723, 724, 727, 728, 729–731, King classification (idiopathic 787, 791, 792, 794, 815, 820, 731, 733, 736, 794 scoliosis) 101, 113 865 893 I–M Subject Index

Leg-lengthening 25, 26, 27, 54, Liability lawsuit 13, 602 Lobster claw foot 453 Maffucci syndrome 405, 752, 263, 265, 266, 286, 301, 302, Life expectancy 740, 751, 756, Lobster claw hand 529, 536 790 310, 354, 355, 356, 357, 359, 758, 761, 763, 767, 770, 773, Locking 144, 295, 321, 322, Magnetic resonance imaging 365, 398, 406, 407, 409, 451, 774, 779, 785, 786, 791, 793, 334, 337, 345, 359, 379, 410, 7 MRI 455, 615, 616, 643646, 637– 794, 797, 800, 804, 805, 811, 412, 413, 504, 520, 645, 646, Majeed syndrome 654, 799 639, 639–644, 737–740, 757, 816, 817, 818, 826, 859, 871, 690 Majewski type short rib poly- 758, 766, 768, 771, 790, 792– 873, 874, 875 Lodwick’s destruction pattern dactyly syndrome 451, 766 794, 804, 820, 867 Ligamentotaxis 172, 615 674 Malabsorption syndrome 781 Leg-length matching, surgical Ligamentous apparatus 66, 88, Long-leg cast 434, 468, 629, Malalignment 272, 329, 372, 7 leg-lengthening or leg- 157, 283, 321, 344, 349, 375, 783 374, 376, 488, 493, 495 shortening 377, 378, 380, 405, 410, 412, Longitudinal arrest, upper Malformation Leg-length measurement 36, 447, 504, 522, 571, 578 extremity 529 – arteriovenous 458, 511, 632, 78, 633 Ligament injury, knee Longitudinal defect 677, 691–692, 720, 790 Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease 378–384, 522 7 Deficiency – foot, ankle 425–459 17, 18, 27, 28, 48, 117, 198, Ligament laxity 37, 160, Longitudinal traction 212, 220, – knee, lower leg 353–368 200, 222, 232, 236–250, 268, 162, 212, 216, 259, 323, 330, 233, 254, 292 – pelvis, hip, femur 259–271 269, 295–297, 303, 306, 331, 333, 343, 349, 378, 381, Long finger cast 588 – spine 132–143 315–318, 550, 632– 633, 645, 445, 464–466, 471, 522, 548, Loose body 336, 337, 340, 482, – thorax 146–150, 752 645, 689, 766, 769, 784, 820, 549, 626, 627, 752, 757, 758, 483, 484 – upper extremity 528–544 824 762, 768, 768, 770, 777, 779, Lordosis 7 Hyperlordosis 7 also Deficiency Leg length equalization, surgical 794–798, 809–812, 817, Lorenz, Adolf 24, 211, 212 Malgaigne fracture 286, 287 7 Leg-lengthening, surgical 821–823 Lorenz position 220 Malignant change 681, Leg shortening 226, 280, 288, Ligament lesion Low back pain 185–190 707–709, 727, 789 300, 355, 405, 439, 637, 639, – fibulotalar 503, 504 Low-grade 308, 313, 404, 594, – general 311, 700, 791 641, 645, 735, 866 – knee 326, 380–384, 388, 595, 671, 669, 671, 671, 678, – in chondroblastoma 179, Leiomyoma 716 410, 412, 413 680, 700, 706, 707, 707, 709, 690, 787, 788 Leiomyosarcoma 724 – upper extremity 521 712, 713, 731, 727, 729 – in chondromyxoidfibroma Length calculation 632–636 Ligament stability 37, Lowe syndrome 776 690 Length discrepancy 378–383, 603 Ludloff’s dislocation sign 214 – in enchondroma 406, 687, 7 Leg-length discrepancy Limb-girdle dystrophy 874 Lumbar prominence 15, 38, 47, 688, 789, 790 Lengthening 303 Limb-preserving treatment 79, 82, 96, 101, 109, 190, 614 – in enchondromatosis 789 – Achilles tendon 371, 426, 26, 28, 312, 406, 594, 596, Lunatomalacia 522, 551 – in fibrous dysplasia 700, 431, 433, 434, 436, 439, 443, 707, 729–737, 723, 726, 728, Lung function 93, 103, 104, 791 464, 468, 475, 485, 487–490, 731, 732, 738, 741 105, 107, 114, 120, 133, 137, – in giant cell tumor 695 493, 496, 816, 838, 840 Limping 41, 42, 81, 195, 199, 147, 148, 151, 154, 157 – in neurofibromatosis 183, – aponeurotic 224, 225, 246, 195, 241, 247, 263, 266, 296, Lyme disease 296 793 303, 489, 838 301, 315, 317, 321, 322, 418, Luque 107, 112, 153 – in osteochondromas 307, – leg 7 Leg-lengthening 419, 440, 480, 482, 645–645, Lupus erythematodes dissemi- 405, 406, 593, 687–688 – triceps surae muscle 489, 657, 835, 865 natus 663 Malignant fibrous histiocytoma 497 Linear growth 51, 52, 823 Lymphangioma 632, 670, 720 306, 403, 706, 712–713, 721, lengthening over nail 641, 642, Ling, Peer Henrik 25 Lymphedema 542 727 645 Lioresal 279, 837 Lymphoma 243, 692, 706, 707, Malignant hyperthermia 873 Lenke classification (scoliosis) 7 also Baclofen 723, 776 Malignant peripheral nerve 101, 102, 108, 109, 110, 111, Lipoblastoma 719 Lymphoplasmacellular osteo- sheath tumor (MPNST) 113 Lipoblastomatosis 719 myelitis 654 723–724, 794 Lenox-Hill brace 360 Lipofibroma 184 Lysosomal storage disease Malleolar axis 604, 620, 621 Lenz-Majewski dysplasia 772 Lipoma 133, 184, 404, 511, 591, 784–786 Malleolar fracture 499, 500, Leopard syndrome 816 592, 672, 673, 719, 727, 728, 502, 503 Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis 864 Manipulation 144, 145, 187, 751, 753, 769 Lipomatosis 719 190, 837 7 also chiropractic Lesser trochanter fracture 289 Liposarcoma 719, 722, 727 M manipulation Leukemia 243, 296, 308, 652, Lisch nodules 792 Machini-brace 850 Mandibular hypoplasia 752, 663, 725, 776 Lisfranc amputation 356 Macrocephaly 755, 757, 770, 801, 817 Leukocyte scan 174, 315, 316, Lisfranc joint injury 505, 506 798 Mannosidosis 784, 786 652 Lister, Joseph 26 Macrodactyly 418, 455, 458, Manual therapy 144, 145, 187, Level of evidence 18–19 Loading 26, 53, 54, 61, 62, 87, 529, 541, 753, 793 190, 837 7 also chiropractic Lever arm 61, 204, 226, 227, 91, 200, 203, 206, 207, 209, Macrophage activation syn- manipulation 245, 279, 330, 356, 374, 486, 367, 550, 551, 734, 831 drome (MAS) 662–663 Map-like skull 701, 702 491, 836, 841, 843, 845, 846, Loading capacity 64–68, Macrosomia 639, 795 Marble bone disease 852 201–211 MAD (= »mechanical axis 7 Osteopetrosis Leveuf classification (congenital Load and shift test 519 deviation«) 622, 624 Marfan syndrome 29, 56, 148, dislocation of the knee) 358 Lobstein type Madelung deformity 529, 160, 166, 343, 465, 547, 747, Li-Fraumeni syndrome 704 7 Osteogenesis imperfecta 541–542, 753, 769 751–754, 760, 794–798 894 Backmatter

Marginal resection 179, 182, Medullary nailing 7 Nailing, Metatarsus varus 458, 474 Monoparesis 858 688, 690, 713, 716, 717, 726, intramedullary Metatropic dysplasia 751, 753, Monosomy X 812 728, 729, 730 Medullary nails for leg lengthen- 754, 763–764 Monostotic form 165, 179, Marie-Sainton syndrome 799 ing 7 Fitbone Methyl methacrylate 179, 649, 699–700, 701, 772, 790 Maroteaux-type of acromeso- Medullary splinting 565, 575 652, 694, 697, 727 Monotube fixator 292, 642 melic dysplasia 763, 769 Megalodactyly 7 Macrodactyly Meyerding classification 126, Monteggia (fracture, lesion) MAS (Macrophage activation Mehta, rib vertebral angle 127, 128 520, 544, 566, 579–580, 602 syndrome) 662–663 difference 93 Meyer type 268–270, 766 7 also Fracture, elbow Masada classification Meier-Gorlin syndrome 751, MFH 7 malignant fibrous Morbidity, development of (Ostochondromas at the 752, 754, 802 histiocytoma 28–30, 750 forearm) 592, 593 Melatonin 96 Microcalorimetry 654 Moro reflex 557 Matrilin type of spondylo- Melnick-Needles osteodysplasty Microfracture 285, 608, 681, Morquio syndrome 148, 162, metaphyseal dysplasia 768 752, 754, 762 700, 791 242, 270, 271, 751, 784–786 Matrix 51–54, 341, 648, Melorheostosis 512, 752, 753, Microgathia 752, 760, 762, 770 Morscher hook screw 128 674–677, 677, 680, 688, 689, 772, 774 Microvascular toe transfer 533 Morscher osteotomy (femoral 695, 704, 705, 708, 713, 716, Menarche 18, 34, 37, 58, 66, 96, Micturition control 76, 810, 863 neck lengthening osteotomy) 717, 720, 760, 762, 781 97, 99, 100, 106, 115 Midfoot score 428 226, 227 Matrix mineralization 674, 694, Meningism 865 Migration index according to Morton, William Thomas 26 705 Meningococcal sepsis 507 Reimers 276 Mosaic mutation 631, 767, Mathysen, Antonius 24 Meningocele Milwaukee brace 24, 103, 120 772, 789, 790, 795, 811, 820 Maturation status 58 7 Myleomeningocele Mineralization 51, 53, 585, Mosaicplasty 340, 341 Maturation, delayed 236, 240, Meniscal cyst 367 674–677, 678, 683, 695, 705, Moseley chart 634 250, 753, 770, 778, 799, 826, Meniscal lesion 37, 321, 322, 720, 755, 764, 775, 781–783 Moth-eaten 674, 675 827 326, 336, 340, 342, 378–384 Minerva jacket 163, 171, 811 Motor function 38, 39, 47, McBride operation 477, 478, Meniscus, discoid 336, 340, Minicore myopathy 869, 874 219, 282, 419, 552, 553, 479 353, 365–367, 645 Mitchell osteotomy 437, 439, 554, 558, 559, 603, 604, 831, McCune-Albright syndrome Meniscus signs 37, 326, 378, 379 477, 478, 494 832, 837, 849, 857, 859, 860, 699, 790–792 Mennell sign 81 Mitek anchor 550 868 7 also dysplasia, fibrous Mental retardation 165, 167, Mitochondrial myopathy 869, Movement restriction 41, 279, McKusick cartilage-hair hypo- 751, 766, 768, 769, 770, 771, 874 544, 551, 555, 566, 570, 572, plasia 753, 768 773, 784, 785, 799, 801, 803, MMC orthosis 849, 850, 863 574, 575, 576, 578, 584, 586, Measles 855 804, 811, 812, 817, 818, 822, 7 also Myelomeningocele 588, 643, 645, 646, 657, 690, Measuring instruments 36, 48, 826 Mobility 7 Range of motion 693, 721, 834, 868 63 Mesenchymoma, fibrocartilagi- Mobilization aid 843, 851–854 MPFL 7 medial patellofemoral Meckel syndrome 451, 805 nous 669, 710, 714, 736 Mobilization under anesthesia ligament Medialization of the tibial tuber- Mesomelic dysplasia 754, 760, 244, 303, 658, 665 MPTA (=medial proximal tibial osity 347, 349, 350 769–770 Modeling 7 finite-element angle) 622, 624 Medial patellofemoral ligament Metacarpal fracture modeling MPNST 7 malignant peripheral (MPFL) 344, 345, 347, 349 7 Fracture, metacarpal Modular Universal Tumor and nerve sheath tumor Medial release 7 Release Metacarpal index 796 Revision System (MUTARS) MRI 16–18, 26, 44, 44–45, 645, Medial shelf 321, 322, 333–334, Metachondromatosis 259, 687, 312, 404, 406, 407, 735, 736, 856, 861, 864, 868 412 753, 788–789 740 – foot and ankle 445, 448, 450, Medial torsion 7 torsion, tibia Metal removal (general infroma- Moebius (Möbius) syndrome 456, 461, 467, 468, 482, 483, Median nerve palsy 559, 567, tion) 614 431, 751–754, 804, 816–817 508 578, 579 Metaphyseal change 236, 241, Mohr-Claussen syndrome – fracture 169, 170, 574, 577, Medical history 764, 768, 789 451 587, 604, 604–609, 616 – back 76 Metaphyseal dysplasia 53, 753, Moiré topography 99 – hip 200, 204, 210, 215, 220, – foot, ankle 417 754, 768, 774, 775–776 Molded seat 837, 853, 857 224, 240, 242, 252, 255, 258, – general 6, 7, 14–15, 35–36, Metaphyseal involvement 237, Molecular biology 63, 652, 678, 260, 262, 290, 295, 297, 307, 602 240, 241, 500 679, 684, 691, 706, 710, 717, 315, 316, 317 – hip 195 Metaplasia, chondroid 716 749, 750, 755, 870, 874 – in infection 173, 174, 649, – knee 321 Metastasis 44, 85, 182, 307, Molecular genetics 717, 749, 651, 652, 655, 664 – pain 86, 185–189, 315, 409, 512, 596, 607, 648, 651, 750, 787, 869, 875 – knee 326, 332–334, 337, 328–334, 412, 480–485, 513, 673, 675, 677, 678, 680, 63, Moment 26, 42, 43, 44, 61, 62, 339, 341, 342, 343, 345, 671–673, 818 682, 691, 692, 705, 706, 62, 63, 64, 89, 90, 210, 334, 347, 350, 358, 359, 363, 365, – spine 76 707–708, 710, 712, 717, 719, 335, 369, 374, 375, 376, 377, 366, 367, 368, 378–380, 398, – tumors 671–673 723, 727–731, 734 378, 498, 848 399, 400, 403, 405, 410, 413, – upper extremity 517 Metatarsal fracture Mongolism 7 Down syndrome 645 Medical records 14 7 Fracture, foot Monoarthritis, juvenile rheuma- – skeletal dysplasia 787, 791, Mediopatellar plica Metatarsal joint angle 476 toid 7 Juvenile rheumatoid 793, 814 815, 816 7 medial shelf Metatarsus adductus (varus) arthritis – spine 85, 94, 95, 100, 110, Medullary nail, extendable, 27, 414, 432, 459, 460–463, Monodactyly 817 113, 127, 127, 137, 142, 159, motorized 7 Fitbone 476, 478, 480, 480, 820 Monolateral fixator 639, 642 160, 163, 186, 187, 190 895 M–O Subject Index

– tumor diagnosis 178, 180, Muscular dystrophy 150, Nancy-Hylton orthosis 843, Neurofibromatosis 133, 181, 183, 184, 307, 310, 312, 157–158, 283–285, 377, 487, 845 159–160, 166, 182, 353, 361, 403, 405, 408, 510, 512, 513, 497, 751–752, 832, 833, 840, Nash and Moe, rotation measure- 362, 364, 441, 455, 541, 543, 514, 596, 673, 677, 677, 685, 850, 851, 869–876 ment 97, 98 631, 632, 671, 693, 751, 753, 687, 688, 688, 689, 690, 691, – Batten-Turner-Typ 874 Navicular bone, accessory 792–794, 795 693, 695–696, 697, 699, 701, – Becker type 869, 872, 873 445–447 Neurological examination 37, 705, 706, 708–710, 713, 717, – DeLange type 874 Navicular fracture 38–39, 81–82, 135, 170, 645 717, 720–723, 727, 728, – Duchenne type 157, 751, 7 Fracture, navicular bone Neurological lesion 82, 85, 112, 733–737 869, 870, 871–873 Navicular suspension 468, 122, 127, 133, 135, 137, 159, – upper extremity 541, 549 – Emery-Dreifus 869, 874 470 168, 170, 172, 179, 701, 709, 551, 558 – facioscapulohumeral type Neck-shaft angle 202, 203, 204, 792, 862 Mucopolysaccharidosis 133, 869, 873 205, 225, 274, 276, 620, 622 Neuromuscular disorder 162, 164, 167, 270, 271, – limb-girdle 869, 874 Neck grip 37, 519, 537 7 Neuro-orthopaedics 751–754, 758, 784–786, 795 – Mutation 53, 236, 539, 691, Neck reflex, asymmetrical tonic Neuropathy, hereditary 367, Multidirectional instability, 699, 700, 704, 708, 709, 755, 87, 144, 833 818, 869, 875, 876 shoulder 546, 550, 810 75, 763, 764, 775, 789, 790, Necrosis 7 Avascular necrosis Neurotization 558, 868 Multifocal osteomyelitis 175, 794, 794, 804, 816, 871 Necrotizing agents 694, 697, Neurotmesis 867 648, 650, 651, 654, 799 MUTARS prosthesis 312, 404, 726, 728 Neutral-0 method 36–37 Multiple cartilaginous exostoses 406, 407, 735, 736, 740 7 also Nitrogen, liquid Neutral-0 position 323, 421, 7 Multiple osteochondromas Myasthenia gravis 814, 869, Needle biopsy 181, 678, 679 518, 520, 522, 523 Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia 876 Nemaline myopathy 774 Neutral vertebra 97 242, 259, 267, 268, 297, 303, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Neonatal osteomyelitis 648, Nidus 178, 326, 335, 485, 509, 336, 353, 367, 751–754, 173, 654 651 683, 684 766–767, 769, 784 Myelo-CT 44, 85 Neonatal sepsis 507 Niemann-Pick disease 819 Multiple osteochondromas Myelography 44, 159, 170, 172, Nerve block 838 Nitrogen, liquid 179, 694, 697, 181, 306, 307, 402–406, 509, 187, 868 Nerve interposition 558 727, 783 511, 512, 517, 522, 590–593, Myelomeningocele 132, 133, Nerve lesion 38, 228, 231, 285, 7 also Necrotizing agents 628, 632, 633, 672,-675, 137, 150, 155–157, 242, 267, 373, 557, 592, 644, 831, 841, Nocturnal pain 35, 186–187, 685–687, 688, 690, 696, 707, 281–283, 409, 441, 498, 645, 867–869 335, 485, 511, 672, 683 708, 709, 727, 753, 787–790 751, 831, 849, 860–864, 864 Nerve sheath tumor, malignant Nocturnal positioning aid 277, Multiple synostoses 751, 752, Myoelectric prosthesis 531, 532 peripheral (MPNST) 282, 555 753, 754, 800, 802, 805 Myofibroma 716, 724 723–724, 794 Nocturnal splint 476, 479, 535, Multiplier according to Paley Myofibromatosis 716, 724 Nerve suturing 558 555, 843 635, 636 637 Myogelosis 82, 144, 186, 190 Neural tube 860 NOF 7 non-ossifying bone Münchhausen syndrome by Myopathy 377, 495, 496, 645, Neurapraxia 564, 578, 580, 606, fibroma proxy 607 645, 751, 752, 814, 830, 832, 615, 867 Non-fusion method, scoliosis Muscle 869–876 Neurilemoma 693 105, 106 – accessory 456 Myopericytoma 716 Neuro-orthopaedics 831–876 Non-ossifying bone fibroma – biopsy 870, 873, 873, 874, Myopia 752, 759, 760, 796, 821 – cerebral palsy 7 there (NOF) 28, 401, 402, 404, 876 Myositis ossificans 578, 581, – foot, ankle 486–498 405, 508, 509, 512, 591, 607, – disorders 869–876 678, 706, 721, 794 – functional examination 834 652, 672, 673, 674, 675, 678, – enzyme 870, 873 7 also heterotopic ossification – hip, pelvis 272–283 690, 691, 695, 696, 698–699, – hardening 838 Myotonia congenita (Thomsen) – knee 369–377 728 – lengthening 554, 555, 559, 762, 876 – muscle disorders 869–876 Noonan syndrome 451, 766, 838, 841, 849 Myotubular myopathy 874 7 als muscular dystrophy 816 – strength 39, 43, 64, 87, 204, – muscular activity 837–839 Norrbottnian Type 206, 210, 274, 283, 292, 331, – myelomeningocele 7 Gaucher disease 698 345, 369, 372, 376, 377, 413, 860–864 Nosocomial infection 656 489, 490, 493, 495, 497, 504, N – peripheral nerve lesions 867 Nursing home 836 610, 640, 838, 840, 849, 851, Nail-patella syndrome 345, – physiotherapy 839 Nuss funnel chest operation 852, 862, 870, 871, 873, 876 409, 522, 752–754, 802 – polio 864–867 146, 147, 148 – transfer 282, 370, 436, 440, Nailing, intramedullary – prognosis 841–842 445, 490, 552, 555, 556, 559, – flexible 289, 292, 293, 394, – prophylaxis 836 559, 868 395, 562, 564, 565, 575, 580, – rehabilitation 842 – weakness 837, 841, 857, 582, 583, 593, 613, 614, 696, – spinal cord lesion 139, 604, O 870, 872, 873, 873, 874, 876 728, 733, 776 680–685 Obesity 56, 151, 250, 609, 752, Muscular atrophy – lengthening with Fitbone£ – spine 150–158 802, 817, 849 – Kugelberg-Welander 155, 301, 308, 356, 638, 639, 640, – therapeutic measures Oblique talus 442, 444, 869, 875, 876 641, 740 836–841 465–472 – peroneal 869, 876 – retrograde 309, 312 – treatment 835–841 Oblique view 84, 129, 187, 287, – spinal 155, 751, 869, 874 – solid 374, 613, 780, 792 – upper extremity 552–561 327, 449, 458, 464, 468, 477, – Werdnig-Hoffmann 155, Nailing, in Slipped capital femo- Neurofibroma 159, 160, 183, 482, 501, 509, 524, 528, 574, 869, 875 ral epiphysis 253, 255–259 693, 716, 792, 793 586 896 Backmatter

Occipitoatlantal hypermobility –brace 7 Brace – general 19, 21, 27, 28, 34 37, Osteomalacia 7 Ricketts 810 – for a ray defect 457 68, 664, 757, 763 Osteomyelitis 44, 53, 175, 302, occipitocervical arthrodesis – for fibular deficiency 355 – hip 34, 37, 68, 69, 200, 210, 603, 604–609, 632, 641, 645, 172 – for leg length equalization 211, 212, 218, 226, 238, 240, 648–656, 673, 675, 677, 677, Occupational therapy 531, 534, 637 242, 254, 269, 287, 293, 297, 679, 683, 710, 772, 773, 799, 539, 553, 559, 588, 805, 832, – for longitudinal deficiency 303, 305, 624, 666, 757, 758, 820 835, 839, 851, 859, 862, 868 of the tibia 359 759, 763, 766, 768, 773, 774, – aggressive 651 Ocular changes 144, 663, 760, – for tibial deficiency 358 775, 786, 788, 798, 811, 820, – BCG 182, 655 814 – hand 553–554 824 – chronic recurrent multifocal Ocular torticollis 144 – hip 273, 849 – in skeletal dysplasia 758, (CRMO) 175, 648, 650, 651, Oculoauriculovertebral – hip-knee-ankle-foot 849 759, 768, 768, 773, 788, 798, 654, 799 syndrome – historical 24 811, 820, 824 – exogenous 655–656 7 Goldenhar syndrome – in arthrogryposis 815 – knee 339, 367, 378, 383, – foot and ankle 484, 508, 510, Offset (femoral head) 201, 204, – in Calvé-Legg-Perthes disease 388, 400, 401, 624, 625, 626, 512 206, 210, 251–254, 256, 620 245 664, 666, 756, 757, 763, 768, – knee, lower leg 334, Olecranon fracture 516, 566, – in cerebral palsy 843–851 768, 773, 788, 811, 824 396–399, 412 567, 574, 576, 577, 581, 613 – in clubfoot 435 – shoulder 548 – lymphoplasmocellular 651 Oligoarthritis 7 arthritis, – in equinus foot 486, 497 – upper extremity 549, 616, 863 – multifocal 175, 648, 650, juvenile rheumatoid – in flatfoot 468 Osteoblastoma 85, 144, 175, 651, 654, 799 Oligohydramnios 213, 218, 426 – in hallux valgus 478 177, 178–179, 186, 305, – newborn 651 Olisthesis 7 spondylolisthesis – in myelomeningocele 849, 306, 307, 405, 508, 509, 593, – pelvis, femur 290, 295, 296, Ollier’s disease 307, 405, 632, 862 671–677, 684–685, 696, 706, 297, 298, 299, 301–302 688, 753, 787, 789–790, 791 – in neurogenic foot deformity 707, 727, 728 – primary chronic 334, 398, Ombrédanne line 215 487, 489, 491, 494, 496, 498 Osteochondritis deformans 508, 512, 651–654, 675 Omodysplasia 769 – knee 848 juvenilis 236 – sclerosing, Garré type 662, Omovertebral bone 542 – knee-ankle-foot 848 Osteochondritis dissecans 44, 665, 667–668 Onset of walking 34, 88, 195, – lower leg 264, 846 45, 242, 321, 326, 336–342, – specific (TB) 22, 28, 46, 212, 223, 266, 317, 358, 360, – neuro-orthopaedics 367, 368, 379, 400, 402, 410, 173, 174, 175, 507, 632, 435, 445, 451, 461, 462 464, 843–851 412, 413, 482–484, 513, 551, 654–655 466 469, 620, 625, 761, 782, – prophylactic 836 610, 762, 818 – spine 173–175 821, 858 – upper extremity 554, 555, Osteochondroma 181, 306, Osteonecrosis 337, 480, 481, Onycho-osteodysplasia 558, 559 307, 402–406, 509, 511, 512, 482, 484, 485, 513, 574, 625 7 nail patella syndrome Ortolani sign 199, 211, 212, 517, 522, 590–593, 628, 632, Osteopetrosis 165, 167, 259, Opening 325, 326 213, 214 633, 672,-675, 685–687, 688, 751–754, 772, 773–775 – ankle 423, 504 Osgood-Schlatter disease 690, 696, 707, 708, 709, 727, Osteopoikilosis 753, 772–773 – knee 321, 325, 326, 359, 68, 321, 331–332, 412, 413, 753, 786–789 Osteoporosis 716 378, 379, 380, 412 610 Osteochondromatosis – juvenile 607, 608, 753, 754, Open reduction, in DDH OSMED 7 otospondylometa- 685–687, 690, 787–789 774, 775–777, 778, 779, 853 223–225 physeal dysplasia Osteochondrosis dissecans – sekundary 69, 96, 114, 117, Open reduction, in neuro- Ossification, heterotopic 54, 7 Osteochondritis dissecans 156, 175, 237, 281, 303, 384, muscular hip dislocation 281, 578, 721, 838 Osteoclast dysfunction 683, 694, 388, 400, 494, 644, 664, 775, 279–281 Ossification 51, 332, 336, 337, 698, 773, 775, 776, 779, 783 780, 783, 783, 824, 825, 853 Open reduction, slipped capital 386 Osteodysplasty Melnick-Needles Osteosarcoma 177, 179, 182, femoral epiphysis 255–256 7 also calcification 752, 754, 762 306, 307, 308, 404, 405, 407, Ophthalmoscopy 606 – enchondral 163, 164, 676, Osteodystrophy, renal 753, 781, 408, 409, 511, 592, 594, 595, Opinion, second 5, 13, 14, 602 690, 706, 755, 761, 799 783 607, 671–677, 679, 684, 687, Opitz-C syndrome 451 – heterotopic 54, 281, 283, Osteofibrosis deformans juvenilis 691, 695, 696, 704–708, Opponensplasty 541 578, 721, 794, 838 790 709–713, 720, 727–731, 736, Optic nerve atrophy 773 7 also Myositis ossificans Osteofibrous dysplasia 737, 738, 789, 794 Organ system 51, 662, 747 – periosteal 755, 799 (according to Campanacci) – central low grade 595, 707 Orofaciodigital syndrome 451 Ossification center 51, 163, 402, 403, 404, 674, 699, 700, – chondroblastic 675, 706, Orthofix 642 221, 223, 268, 271, 332, 333, 713, 714, 791 707, 707, 708, 709 Orthopaedic consultation 335, 336, 431, 445–447, 480, Osteogenesis imperfecta – fibroblastic 675, 700, 706 4–19 482, 483, 484, 527, 528, 532, 160–161, 166, 259, 266, 291, – multifocal 705 Orthopaedics, concept 4 543, 561, 566, 570, 571, 572, 343, 409, 607, 608, 628, 749, – osteoblastic 675, 706 Orthopaedic technician 355, 576, 753, 754, 756, 757, 761, 751–754, 776, 777–780 – parosteal 671, 687, 706, 707, 455, 487, 531, 638, 817, 839, 763, 766, 767, 770, 771, 800, Osteoid 178, 184, 675, 676, 708 847 802, 826 683, 704 – periosteal 404, 706, 707, Orthosis Osteitis fibrosa 632, 783 Osteoid osteoma 44, 178, 305, 709, 729 – abduction splint 850 Osteoarthritis 641, 645, 646, 326, 334, 335, 402, 485, 508, – smalll cell 707 – according to Ponseti 434 649, 663, 666, 692 509, 512, 591, 592, 593, 608, – teleangiectatic 696, 697, – ankle-foot 486, 843, – foot & ankle 450, 480, 482, 672, 674, 675, 676, 683–685, 706, 707 845–847 506, 513, 824 727, 728 Osteosclerotic dysplasia 771 897 O–P Subject Index

Osteosynthesis – Paley 300, 301 Paris Nomenclature (skeletal – angulated plate- 225, 226, – Pauwels 266, 267 P dysplasias) 749 228, 265, 281, 288, 289, 313, – Pemberton 224, 225, 229, Pacemaker 874 Patchwork family 601 328, 613, 640, 733 280 Pachydermatocele 792 Patella – compression- 386, 572, 573 – pelvis 224–229, 238, Padded wedge 853 – abnormality 754 – forearm 585 244–247, 263, 26, 267, 269, Padding 283, 455, 495, 582, – apophysitis of the distal pole – hand 588 298 612 7 Sinding-Larsen-Johannson – humerus 572, 573 7 also acetabuloplasty, Paget disease, juvenile 772, 775 – bipartite 321, 332–333, 387, – K-wire- 385, 388, 506, 569, Chiari-, Pemberton, Pain 482 583, 585 periacetabular Triple- – back 86, 185–189 – dancing 321 – plate- 275, 281, 288, 289, – periacetabular 225, 226, – foot 417. 480–485, 480, 513 – dislocation 321, 343–353, 291, 293, 353, 562, 565, 574, 230, 231, 232, 234, 248 – fracture 601, 603, 605, 606, 367, 372, 374, 376, 379, 380, 577, 583, 585, 586, 588, 613, – radius 541, 559, 581 608, 609, 610 381, 410, 412, 645, 752, 779, 640, 777, 780 – rules according to Paley – hip 195, 315 798, 800, 792, 821, 823 – radius 565 629, 630 – in leg lengthening 643 – fracture 386–388 – screws- 353, 385, 386, 388, – Salter 226, 227, 228, 229, – knee 321, 328–336, 412, Patella alta 321, 329, 331, 346, 502, 569, 581 238, 246, 267 645 349, 350, 371, 372, 388 – tension band- 289, 386, 577, – Schanz 280 – tumor 671–673 Patella baja 321, 346, 349 577 – shelf 238, 234 Pain characteristics 672–673 Patella x-ray, axial 328 Osteotomy 554, 679 – shortening 229, 638, 820 Pain history 34, 76, 195, 321, Patellectomy 330, 352, 387, – acetabuloplasty 225, 226, – subcapital 255, 256, 258, 412, 419, 512, 517, 547 388 228, 229, 238, 265, 280 259, 451, 454, 478, 479, 480, Pain on sneezing 76, 186 Patellofemoral syndrome 319, – angulation (Schanz-, Paley-) 482, 505, 506 Pain point 37, 195, 326, 379, 329–331, 412, 413 280, 283, 301, 302 – supracondylar 275, 347, 421, 517, 549 Patient care 27, 153 – calcaneal lengthening 371, 373, 374, 376, 410, 411, Pain syndrome, knee 328–335 Pathological fracture 7 fracture, 7 Evans 628, 783 Palacos 727 pathological – calcaneus 437, 471 – supramalleolar 374, 376, Paley classification 261 Patients’ behavior 6–9 – Chiari- 226, 238, 263 396, 437, 440, 624, 625, 628 Paley’s multiplier 635–636 Pauwels, Friedrich 27, 201, 204, – clavicles 542 – talus 438 Paley, osteotomy rules 629 205, 267 – correction of axis 783 – tibia 410 Palmar crease 753, 809 Pauwels diagram 205 – double 388 7 also lengthening, lower leg Palpation 7, 37, 80, 195, 213, Pauwels osteotomy 267 – Dwyer 437 – toes 801 286, 287, 321, 322, 332, 333, Pavlik harness 24, 212, 219–222, – Evans 443, 468, 471, 472, – transcondylar 338, 630 379, 388, 400, 417, 419, 421, 283 492 – triple- 225, 226, 229–238, 517, 520, 522, 532, 547, 549, PCR (polymerase chain reaction) – extending 437 245–247, 249, 280 562 652, 654, 680, 723, 724 – femoral neck lengthening – ulna 581 Palsy, peripheral nerves 559 Pectoralis aplasia 226, 227 – wedge 123, 173, 176, 255, Panner’s disease 337, 550–551 7 Poland syndroma – femur 758, 766, 786, 816 258, 259, 534, 629, 802 Pappas classification (Proximal Pectus carinatum 148–149, 796 7 also intertrochanteric, – with Tomofix plate 629 60 femoral focal deficiency) 7 also keeled chest supracondylar Os odontoideum 144, 170 260–261 Pectus excavatum 146–148, – finger 801, 802 Os peronaeum 446 Parallelogramm of forces 61 752, 796 – forearm 539, 583, 586 Os subfibulare 445, 446, 447, Paralysis 12, 101, 139, 155, 156, 7 also funnel chet – hand 534, 535, 539, 559 504 274, 278, 281, 376, 418, 487, Pediatric orthopaedic consulta- – humerus 535, 559, 569, 570 Os tibiale externum 445, 446, 488, 496, 498, 557, 559, 831, tion 6–19 – infracondylar 629 447 834, 860, 861, 867 Pelvic fracture 385–387 – intertrochanteric 18, 27, Os trigonum 445, 446, 447 Paraplegia 139, 155, 169, 281, Pelvic implant (prosthesis) 308 225–229, 232–234, 244, 249, Otogenic torticollis 144 721, 831, 862, 864, 865 Pelvic obliquity 42, 96, 151, 255, 258, 269, 275, 298, 311, Otopalatodigital syndrome Parathyroid hormone 774, 775, 151, 154, 195, 199, 279, 282, 628, 640 (OPD syndrome) 752–754, 783, 784, 802 283, 631–645, 865 – in hallux valgus 478 762 Parawalker 849, 863 Pelvic osteotomy – lengthening 356, 638, 640, Otosclerosis 752, 779, 805 Paré, Ambroise 23 7 Osteotomy, pelvic 738, 749 Otospondylomegaepiphyseal Parental behavior 9–13 Pelvic ring fracture 286, 287 – lengthening calcaneus dysplasia OSMED) 752, 760 Paresis Pelvic tilt 15, 37, 77, 88, 89, 125, 7 Evans Outpatient clinic, pediatric – definition 867 195, 213, 321, 375, 377, 833 – lengthening, upper extremity orthopaedic 4, 5, 10, 14, 15, – foot dorsiflexors 487, 498, Pelvic torsion 195 537 463 865 Pelvic tumor 305–315 – lower leg 437, 758, 761, 766, Overhead traction 212, 220 – hip muscles 865 Pemberton osteotomy 224, 229 775, 788 Overloading 41, 68, 204, 272, – knee extensors 375, 376, 7 also osteotomy, acetabulo- 7 also lengthening 372, 467, 475, 483, 498, 585, 377, 496, 865 plasty – metatarsal 439, 454, 478 608, 609, 698, 831 – peripheral nerves 559, Percentile 47, 55–58, 250, 634, – midfoot 437, 438, 463, 478, Overweight 29, 53, 241, 250, 867–869 635 495 288, 464, 465, 470, 625, 826 Paresthesia 38, 39, 553, 559, Percutaneous epiphysiodesis – Mitchell 437, 439 7 also obesity 856 638 898 Backmatter

Percutaneous fixation 294, Phosphate absorption 781 Plantar aponeurosis fasciotomy Polyuria 783 570, 610, 612 Phosphate diabetes 781 according to Steindler 495 Ponseti brace 434, 439 Perdriolle, rotation measurement 7 also Rickets Plantar flexion–knee extension Ponseti Foot Abduction Bar 97, 98 Phylogenetic development, couple 486, 497 245 Periacetabular osteotomy 225, back 87 Plasmacellular osteomyelitis Ponseti treatment 245, 426, 230, 231, 232, 248 Physeal closure 47, 222, 227, 651 432–434, 435, 445 Perinatal provision 831 252, 256, 257, 290, 291, 292, Plasmin 381 Poor responder 7 response Periosteal chondroma 688–689 386, 388, 392, 395, 398, 499, Plaster splint 504, 650 Popcorn-like calcification 708, Periosteal growth 54 501, 502, 503, 505, 562, 564, Plaster treatment, historical 23 778 Periosteal ossification 755, 799 576, 586, 587, 604, 611, 613, Plastic 24, 111, 121, 171, 219, Popliteal cyst 28, 321, 404, 407, Periosteal reaction 301, 384, 615, 616, 625, 639, 640, 663, 220, 221, 222, 308, 390, 405, 408, 412, 673 397, 652, 674–676, 693, 694, 738, 790, 791 470, 551, 580, 612, 850 Population trend 28 701, 705, 711, 864 Physiotherapy Plastic surgery 458, 531, 682, Port-wine stain 760 Periosteal sleeve fracture 387 – after fracture 613 732, 740, 793, 800, 804, 816 Positioning aid 277, 278, 282, Periosteitis, sclerosing 684 – after joint infection 658 Plate, 8-plate 625, 628, 639 554, 835, 850, 867 Periostitis ossificans 721 – back 91, 103, 120–121, 128, Plate, low-contact 627 Positron emission tomography Peripheral malignant nerve 188, 191 Plate osteosynthesis (PET) 44, 125, 676–677 sheath tumor – elbow 579 7 Osteosynthesis Post-polio syndrome 7 Malignant peripheral nerve – hip 292, 303, 318 Platypodia 441 7 Poliomyelitis sheath tumor – historical 25 Platyspondylia 162, 163, 166, Postaxial 7 Polydactyly Peripheral nerve lesion – in Calvé-Legg-Perthes disease 242, 754, 764, 768, 769, 770, Posterior cruciate ligament 867–869 25 785 lesion 43, 321, 322, 360, Perlecan-group 762 – in neuromuscular diseases Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma 381, 382 Peroneal muscular atrophy 869 832, 835, 837, 839, 842, 859, 7 Rhabdomyosarcoma Posterior drawer 323, 325, 379 Peroneal nerve paresis 388, 862 Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor Posterior leaf spring ankle-foot 405, 429, 559, 712, 867, 868 – in plexus paresis 558 718 orthosis 405, 866 Perthes disease – in rheumatoid arthritis 665 Plexus palsy 38, 82, 169, 285, Posterior release 7 release 7 Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease – in Scheuermann’s kyphosis 546, 547, 557–559, 561, 605, Posterior spinal fusion Pertrochanteric fracture 289 120–121 831, 867 7 Spinal fusion Pes adductus 417, 418, 426, – in scoliosis 103 Pliny the Elder 24 Posterior walker 7 walker 432, 460, 461, 462, 476 – in spondylolysis, spondylolis- Plumb line 48, 78, 79, 97, 106 Postinfectious deformity 650, Pes calcaneus 370, 371, 376, thesis 128 PNET (primitive neuroectodermal 652, 653, 657 377, 417, 489, 491, 493, 495, – in torticollis 145 tumor) 182, 710, 712, 727, 729 Posttraumatic deformity 155, 496, 497 – knee 413 Pneumothorax 113, 796 172, 173, 243, 290, 291, 292, Pes cavus 187, 420, 421, 427, – upper extremity 559, 570, Podoscope 36, 419, 465, 466, 293, 302, 385, 386, 392, 394, 432, 436, 437, 449, 480, 485, 574, 577 473 395, 502, 504, 505, 506, 565, 493, 494, 495, 754, 821, 876 7 also Exercise therapy Poland syndrome 517, 529, 566, 574, 584, 586, 588, 604, Pes equinovarus 7 Clubfoot Pierre-Robin syndrome 751, 536, 544, 747, 752, 753, 612, 617, 625, 631, 635 Pes planovalgus 272, 274, 370, 752, 754, 817 803–804, 816 Posttraumatic osteomyelitis 374, 441, 449, 463–473, 488, Piezoelectric sensors 63 Poliomyelitis 22, 26, 29, 150, 396, 648, 721 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, Pigmentation 37, 47, 76, 82, 155, 283, 409, 431, 497, Postural physical education 497, 767, 844, 847 118, 752, 790, 791, 819 560, 632, 635, 638, 831, 832, lessons 48, 91 Pes valgus 441, 464, 787, 788 Pigmented villonodular synovitis 865–866 Postural splints 498, 845 PET (Photon Emission Tomogra- 7 Synovitis, pigmented Pollicization 27, 531, 533, 534, Postureal types 77 phy) 44, 125, 676–677 villonodular 535, 541, 542, 804 Posture 76, 77, 85–92 PET/CT scan 125, 676–677 Pin-track infection 294 Polyarthritis 7 Arthritis, juvenile Potentials, somatosensory 94, Petrie cast 243, 248 Pincer-Impingement rheumatoid 112 Pettersson-Score (hemophilic 7 Impingement, femoroace- Polydactyly 358, 753–754, 765, Power loss 815 arthropathy) 825 tabular 805, 820 Prader-Willi syndrome 165, Pfaundler-Hurler syndrome Pinch grip 27, 522, 524, 532, – foot 417, 451–453, 453, 166, 441, 458, 751–754, 817 162, 270, 271, 751, 785 534, 534, 552, 559, 803, 804 454, 458 Pre-arthrosis 210 Pfeiffer syndrome 800 Pinna 752 – hand 521, 528, 529, 531, Preaxial 7 Polydactyly PFFD (»proximal femoral focal Pinning, in slipped capital 540–541 Precocious puberty 790, 791 deficiency«) 7 deficiency, femoral epiphysis 253, Polylactate screw 340, 551 Pregnancy history 541, 749 congenital femoral 255–259 Polymerase chain reaction 652, Premature birth 218, 855 Phacodonesis 796 Pirani classification (clubfoot) 654, 717 Prevalence (definition) 750 Phalangization 542 426, 428, 433, 434, 435, 439 Polymorphism 690, 671, 690, Prévot nail 289, 292, 293, 394, Phenol 179, 685, 694, 697, 727, Pirogoff amputation 356, 457 691, 795 395, 562, 564, 565, 575, 580, 838 pistol grip deformity 251 Polyostotic form 165, 179, 699, 582, 583, 593, 613, 614, 696, Phenytoin 837 Pivot shift phenomenon 321, 701, 702, 790–792 728, 733, 776 Phocomelia 529, 804 325, 359, 378, 379, 381 Polyposis 717 Pridie drilling 340 Phosphatase, alkaline 673, 680, Plagiocephaly 143, 259 Polytrauma 285, 287, 292, 565, Primary chronic osteomyelitis 705, 706, 771, 781, 783 Planning, reverse 641 602 651–654 899 P–R Subject Index

Primitive neuroectodermal Protrusion Puberty 8–11, 19, 34, 37, 48, – knee 326–328, 413 tumor (PNET) 182, 710, 712, 7 Acetabular protrusion 53, 54, 56, 58, 60, 64–69, 88, – osteomyelitis 649, 652 727, 729 Proximal focal femoral deficiency 89, 91, 93, 100, 103, 105, 118, – radiation protection 45 Primitive reflex 833, 855 260–267, 359, 448, 456 148, 171, 223, 286, 331, 356, – spine 83–85, 97–100 Procedure, diagnostic 16–17 Prune belly syndrome 144, 378, 384, 499, 539, 542, 603, – torsion, determination of Productivity, lost 86 146, 167, 441 626, 638, 700, 709, 716, 775, 622 Prognathism 752, 756, 757, Pseudarthrosis 856, 873 – tumors 673–677 796 – ankle joint, foot 446, 479, Pulmonary dysfunction 100, – upper extremity 524–528 Progression 502, 506 101, 133, 146, 157, 871, 873 Radiotherapy 179, 182, 183, – general 18, 94 – hip, femur 192, 231, 242, Punch biopsy 678 307–309, 312, 407, 409, 594, – in contracture 373, 539, 555, 259, 261, 265, 266, 267, 287, Pustulosis 654 632, 695, 700, 702, 707, 709, 814, 815, 817, 840, 844, 847, 290, 292, 616, 758 Pyknodysostosis 749, 751, 753, 712, 713, 717, 717, 721, 723, 850 – knee, lower leg 353, 360, 773–775, 779 723, 724, 727, 728, 729–731, – in genu varum 625 360, 353, 363, 364, 365, 396, Pyle’s disease 753, 768, 774, 731, 733, 736, 794 – in muscular dystrophy 158, 398, 607, 701, 733, 753, 792, 775, 819 – extracorporal 309, 310, 407, 869, 873 793 732, 733, 736 – in paralysis 864 – spine 107, 114, 123, 127, – preoperative 307, 721, 727, – in Scheuermann’s disease 170, 798 729–731 118 – upper extremity 517, 530, Q Radioulnar synostosis 529, – in scoliosis, idiopathic 94, 542, 543, 546, 556, 562, Q-angle 344, 345 531, 538, 576, 578, 581, 753, 96, 100, 101, 103, 105, 106, 563, 566, 572, 573, 574, 576, Quadriceps exercises 330, 347, 769, 805, 806, 812, 817 115 577 576, 586, 587, 588, 603, 388, 413 Raine dysplasia 771 – in scoliosis in neuromuscular 616 Quadriceps transfer according Range of motion 28 diseases 154, 850, 851 Pseudarthrosis of the tibia, to Stanisavljevic 350, 351 – ankle 417, 421 – in scoliosis in spinal malfor- congenital 242, 353, Quality of life 120, 154, 158, – foot 405–407 mations 135, 136, 137, 140 360–364, 543, 607, 753, 279, 553, 664, 735, 740, 779, – hip 195–198 – in scoliosis, syndromic 156, 792–793 804, 836, 839, 862, 870, 873 – knee 195, 323–325 158, 159, 160, 183, 798, 817 Pseudoachondroplasia 259, Quengel cast 400, 409 – in neuromuscular disease – in spinal deformity, neuro- 270, 271, 751–754, 756, 757, 831, 832, 833, 839, 868, 869 muscular 151, 153, 154, 155 759, 766–768 – shoulder 518 – in spondylolistesis 127, 128, Pseudoadduction 272 – spine 78 127 Pseudocyst 511, 514, 681, 695, R – upper extremity 445, – in tumors 698, 700, 716 696, 719, 721 R-System 726 446–450 Proliferation 51, 96, 330, 608, Pseudohypertrophy 871, 872 R0 resection 7 resection, wide Raster stereography 45, 99, 671, 676, 682, 690, 691, 697, Pseudohypoparathyroidism Rachitic rosary 752, 781 103, 105, 116, 146, 149 703, 709, 709, 720, 728, 789, 784 R1 resection 726, 728, 729 Ray defect 357, 753, 817 790, 873 Pseudolocking 322, 334, 337, Radial clubhand 529, 531, Rearfoot axis 419, 420 Pronation 7 Hyperpronation 360, 379, 412, 645 534–535 Rearfoot score 428 Pronation contracture 555, Pseudoparalysis 557, 651, Radial duplication 540 Rearing 5 558, 560 869 Radial fracture 499, 566, 577, Reciprocator 849 Prone position in infants 88, Pseudotumor 512, 690, 753, 579, 584, 603, 613 Reclination 77, 80, 80, 81, 83, 93, 95 783, 784, 822, 824 Radial head dislocation 520, 121, 122, 125–128, 170, 185, Prophylactic pinning 253 Psoas abscess 174, 175, 298 526, 539, 544, 558, 559, 566, 187, 810 Propionibacterium 654 Psoriasis-associated arthritis 567, 570, 574, 577, 579–581, Reclination bracket 120, 121 Proportion 57, 751 663 593, 603, 612, 616, 753, 762, Reconstruction Proprioception 277, 381, 469, Psyche and the spine 88 765, 769, 787, 802, 811 – after tumor resection 317, 504, 613, 831, 856 Psycho-oncology 738, 741, 748 Radial head fracture 570, 575, 308, 310, 312, 403, 406, 408, Prosthesis (exoprothesis) Psychology 4, 7, 9, 10, 15–17, 613, 615 594, 678, 695, 708, 732, 733, 21–24, 63, 263, 354, 355, 356, 57, 89–92, 105, 115, 117, 120, Radial nerve palsy 559, 565, 737 357, 486, 531, 532, 445, 446, 147, 149, 244, 245, 263, 264, 566 – elbow 577, 579, 581 639, 821 313, 328, 330, 331, 355, 406, Radiation protection, x-rays 45 – hip 7 hip reconstruction for endoprosthesis 7 arthro- 458, 531, 552, 554, 558, 603, Radical resection 652, 712, – in knee ligamtent injuries plasty 606, 610, 611, 638, 639, 663, 726–728 349, 369 Proteoglycan 759, 761, 762, 749, 754, 756, 758 Radiofrequency ablation 684 – in osteochondosis dissecans 767, 778, 795 Psychomotor development Radiographic examination 340, 349 Proteus syndrome 418, 455, 762, 784, 801, 809, 817, 820, 43–46 – nerves 559, 868 458, 631, 632, 751–754, 792, 822, 853, 855, 857, 859, 862 – conventional image 43 – pelvis 267, 308 793, 795, 821 Pterygium syndrome 409, 459, – foot, ankle 423–425 Records, medical 14 Proton-weighted image 45, 751–754, 816 – fracture 603–604 Recurrence rate 179, 349, 351, 687, 688, 709 Pubertal growth spurt 15, 35, – general information 43–46 406, 513, 689, 692, 695, 700, Proton therapy 709 53–59, 65, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, – hip, pelvis, prox. femur 726, 728, 823 Protractor (goniometer) 36, 48, 103, 114, 117, 191, 213, 250, 198–200 Recurvation 364, 394, 436, 499, 64, 78, 79, 80, 96 251, 293, 329, 624, 798 – historical 27 500, 539, 563, 625 900 Backmatter

Reduction, closed 23, 218, 220, Resumption of sports, after Risk factors 28, 183, 218, 240, 224, 238, 255, 256, 259, 506, fracture 613–614 241, 243, 290, 350, 435, 503, S 564, 568, 574, 581, 582, 585, Resuscitation 859 506, 604, 607 S-shaped scoliosis 87, 93, 94, 588, 610–612 Retardation, mental 555, 751, Risk of malignant change 687, 110, 111 Reduction, open 211, 218, 762, 765, 768, 769, 770, 771, 688, 694, 791 Sacral fracture 286 223–225, 238, 255–259, 260, 774, 783, 799, 801 812, 817, Risk signs (Legg- Calvé-Perthes Saddle nose 752, 755, 757 282, 288, 290, 385, 445, 564, 817, 822, 873 disease) 237, 241, 247 Saldino-Noonan type of short- 569, 572, 574, 579, 588 Retention, clubfoot 432–434, Risk profile 609 rib-polydactyly syndromes Reduction brace 219 440 Risser sign 58, 59, 84, 97, 98, 451, 766 Refracture 293, 364, 505, Reticular fiber network 709, 99, 100, 103, 105, 113, 114, Salmonellae 173, 507, 508, 581–585, 612, 613, 614 710, 723, 777 160, 171 656 Regression, grade of 730 Retinacular release 348 Roberts syndrome 804 Salter-Harris classification Regression, spontaneous 609, Retinal detachment 606, 752, Rocker-bottom flatfoot 433, 389, 390, 499, 587, 604, 654, 687, 717, 721, 805 760, 778, 796 441, 464 616 Rehabilitation 43, 63, 103, 279, Retinoblastoma syndrome 704 Rollator 40, 281, 863 Salter-Thompson classification 280, 287, 292, 373, 377, 547, Retrognathia 760, 796 ROM 7 Range of motion (Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease) 561, 572, 588, 610, 613, 780, Retropulsion 522, 523 Röntgen, historical 27 237, 238 835, 839, 840, 842, 849, 851, Retroversion Rosary, rachitic 752, 781 Salter pelvic osteotomy 857, 859, 861, 868, 870, 876 – acetabular 204, 207, 209, Rotational deformities 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, Reimers migration index 276 210, 231, 235, 248, 250, 267, – acetabular 204, 209, 210, 229, 233, 245, 247, 267, 280, Reinforcement, upper 844 621, 809 210, 231, 232, 234 298 Rejection reaction 732, 735 – femoral 281, 293, 548, 558, – femoral 195, 197, 198, 199, Salzer-Kuntschik regression Relaxation time 45 616, 621, 624 202, 203, 225, 274, 276, 620, grade 730 Release 108, 112, 155, 167, Retroverted hip 7 Retroversion, 628 sampling error 680 280, 349, 434, 436, 463, 493, acetabular – humerus 547, 548, 557, 558, Sanfilippo syndrome 784 541, 556, 559, 665, 666, 761 Rett syndrome 751, 754, 568 San Antonio muscle training Remodeling 228, 252, 254, 817–818 – lower leg 195, 199, 225, program 548, 549 255, 258, 278, 293, 391, 502, Reversed Planning 641 226, 252, 368, 274, 276, 281, SAPHO syndrome 562, 564, 569, 586, 612, 614, Rhabdomyosarcoma 306, 307, 282, 285, 293, 318, 329, 330, (synovitis.ackne, pustulosis. 615, 632, 657, 733 404, 592, 672, 721–722, 727, 331, 344, 345, 347, 351, 372, hyperostosis. osteomyelitis) Renal insufficiency 132, 133, 729–731 374–376, 429, 440, 461, 463, 651, 654 144, 259, 451, 534, 632, 773, Rheumatic fever 663 464, 465, 604, 614, 616, Sarcoma 781, 783, 801, 802, 805, 812, Rheumatoid arthritis 7 Juvenile 620–631, 834, 836, 852, 864 – pleomorphic 707, 712–713, 817 rheumatoid arthritis – posttraumatic 169–171, 721 Renal osteodystrophy 753, Rheumatoid factor 302, 315, 289, 291, 292, 393, 612 – synovial 592, 678, 624, 781, 783 316, 399, 662, 663 Rotational lordosis 94 625–626, 727, 729 Repetition time 45, 677 Rheumatoid juvenile arthritis Rotationplasty 263, 264, Sarmiento cast 335, 503, 505, Resection 7 Juvenile rheumatoid 312, 355, 405, 638, 737, 738, 564 – CT-guided 684 arthritis 739 Scaphoid fracture 526, – intralesional 512, 707, Rhizomelic type 751, Rotation measurement 80, 82, 586–587 725–740 770–771 97, 98, 624 Scapular fracture 561 – limb-preserving 312, 596, Rhizotomy 838, 859 Rotation spur 567, 569 Scarf osteotomy 477, 478, 707, 725–740 Ribbing disease 268, 269, 766 Rotator cuff 546, 560 479 – marginal 179, 713, 725–740 Rib fusion 133, 137, 138, 139 Rothmund-Thomson syndrome Schanz osteotomy 280, 283, – radical 707, 726–740 Rib hump 79, 80, 82, 96, 101, 704 284, 300, 301 – rib hump 110, 111, 114 103, 109, 110, 111, 113 Roundback deformity Scheuermann disease – tumor 726–728 Rib shortening 149, 752, 7 Scheuermann’s disease 117–124, 147, 149, 186, 190, – types 726–728 764–766 Roundcell tumor, desmoplastic 191, 610 – vertebra 156, 157, 158 Rib vertebral angle difference 596 Scheie type 784, 785 – wide 182, 183, 307, 308, according to Mehta 93 Rounded back 76, 77, 78, 90, Schlatter disease 331–332 309, 310, 313, 314, 405–409, Rickets 22, 103, 149, 607, 91 Schmorl nodes 67, 117, 118, 513, 543, 594, 595, 678, 625, 626, 628, 629, 752–755, Roux-Hauser operation 350 119, 186 707, 708–709, 712, 714, 723, 768, 775, 777, 781–783, 783, Roux, Wilhelm 26 Schneckenbecken dysplasia 725–740 812 Rubella 813, 855 769 Residual growth 123, 172, Ring constriction syndrome Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome School medical examination 386, 393, 502, 586, 615–616, 454, 458, 529, 531, 536, 418, 465, 751–754, 803 46–48 633–636 541–542 Rumpel-Leede test 778 School sports 76, 189 Resolving infantile scoliosis 88, Ring fixator 26, 27, 259, 358, Russell-Silver syndrome 631 Schroth therapy 101 93, 95 353–365, 401, 436, 437, 438, RVAD (= »rib vertebral angle Schwannoma 184, 693, 723, Response (to chemotherapy) 439, 451, 493, 495, 534, 539, difference«) 93 752, 793, 794 729–731 640–644, 665, 738, 815, 816 Sciatic nerve lesion 228, 231, Resultant of forces 61, 62, 64, 7 also Ilizarov apparatus, 245, 313, 405, 606, 724, 816, 204, 205, 208, 782 Taylor Spatial Frame 868 901 R–S Subject Index

Scintigraphy 16, 17, 44–44, – in myelomeningocele 155, Secondary change 96, 223, Shoe, normal 485, 487, 638, 85, 173, 175–178, 181, 186, 861 450, 551, 831, 836 835, 845 187, 190, 240, 242, 287, 295, – in neurofibromatosis 159, Secondary osteomyelitis 616, Shoe rocker 495 297, 307, 315–317, 329, 332, 792, 820 648 Short stature 22, 29, 56, 133, 334, 337, 388, 398, 399, 412, – in osteogenesis imperfecta Second opinion 13, 14, 602 163, 164, 167, 267, 336, 413, 482, 485, 512, 603, 606, 160, 779 Sedaghatian type spondylodys- 409, 418, 431, 459, 522, 638, 608, 645, 649–654, 664, 673, – in osteopetrosis 166, 754 plastic dysplasia 769 747–749, 751–756, 758–763, 677, 683, 684, 690, 693, 701, – in Prader-Willi syndrome Segmental wiring 107, 112, 766, 768, 769, 770, 774, 775, 705–708, 710, 729, 775, 787, 165–166 113, 155 779, 785, 786, 788, 791, 799, 791, 820 – in pseudoachondroplasia Segmentation defect 132, 133, 804, 814, 816, 817, 821 Scissor gait 273, 850 768 134, 135, 155, 156, 162, 164, Short-limb gait 645 SCIWORA syndrome (Spinal cord – in pterygium syndrome 816 166, 167, 184, 448, 754, 763, Short-finger type 532 injury without radiographic – in Rett syndrome 683, 996 799, 800, 860 Short rib dysplasias 764–766 abnormality) 169, 170, 173, – in rickets 782 Segment transport 363, 364 Shortening, Achilles tendon 864 – in Scheuermann’s disease Self-esteem 11, 609 475 Scleroderma 772 120 Self-consciousness 11 Shortening osteotomy 229, Sclerosing osteomyelitis 648, – in skeletal displasia 158–167 Semitendinosus tendon 381, 638, 820 651, 653 – in Sotos syndrome 149, 754, 382, 383, 720, 840 7 also Osteotomy Sclerosis 117, 209, 261, 291, 798–799 Semmelweis, Ignaz Philipp 26 Shoulder osteoarthritis 548 336, 337, 361, 399, 402, 509, – in spondyloepiphyseal Sensory impairment 38, 507, Shoulder dislocation 550, 608, 654, 663, 674, 675, dysplasia 164, 758 552, 553, 557, 559, 793, 794, 546–550, 561, 821, 823 685, 687, 688, 689, 699, 700, – in Williams syndrome 166 831, 857, 868 Shoulder muscle training 705, 708, 710, 712, 713, 753, – in Williams-Beuren syndrome Sentinel node biopsy 679, 727, program 548, 549 772, 775, 779, 825 817 729 Shoulder protraction 78 Scoliometer 36, 48, 78 – infantile 93 Sepsis 304, 397, 507, 649, 650 Sialidosis 784, 786 Scoliosis – juvenile 93, 94 Septic arthritis 198, 287, 290, Sickle cell anemia 242, 507 – adolescent 93–117 – neuromuscular 150–158 297, 396–398, 410, 412, 604, Side-to-side deviation 292 – classification 95–96 – non-fusion method 105, 106 632, 645, 656–658, 673 Silver-coated prosthesis 735 – complication 140, 155, 157 – operation, anterior 112 Sequestrum 332, 398, 649, 650 – Silver-Russell syndrome 631, – congenital 132–143, 156, – operation, complications Serum lactate dehydrogenase 751–753, 823 861 113, 114, 140, 155, 157 711 Simple bone cyst 287, 288, – early onset 93, 94, 103, 105, – operation, posterior 110 Sesamoid bone osteonecrosis 291, 306, 307, 311, 402, 106 – physiotherapy 103 482, 513 511, 512, 591, 592, 593, 607, – etiology 94–96 – posture 77, 90 Sever’s disease 484 612, 652, 672, 674, 676, 680, – hereditary disease 158–167 – prognosis 100 Sexual abuse 15, 606 695–696, 726–728, 791 – historical 23 – sport 68 Shaft fracture 66, 67, 292, 363, Simpson, James Young 26 – idiopathic 93–117 – S-shaped 94 385, 393, 394, 500, 505, 561, Sinding-Larsen-Johansson 321, – incidence 96 – syndromic 158–168 562, 564, 565, 570, 579, 580, 332, 387, 412, 413, 610 – infantile 93–94 – treatment, conservative 581, 583, 584, 587, 588, 603, Single-leg stance 195 196, 204, – in Achondroplasia 163, 103–106, 152, 156, 158 604, 605, 606, 612, 613, 614, 326 755–756 – treatment, surgical 106–115, 631 Single Photon Emission Com- – in Apert syndrome 162 138, 153, 155, 156, 159 Shelf operation 226, 228, 231, puted Tomography (SPECT) – in chondrodysplasia calcifi- – tumor 184 233, 234, 247 44, 676, 677 cans punctata 770 Scoliosis Research Society 104, Shenton-Ménard line 215 Sitting ability 27, 153, 157, – in Dandy-Walker syndrome 112, 139 Shepherd’s crook deformity 870, 873 818 Screening 44, 46, 47, 48, 82, 266, 305, 306, 312, 313, 699, Sitting balance 153, 862 – in diastrophic dysplasia 133, 212, 216, 218, 260, 426, 430, 728, 791 Sitting height 56, 59 163, 166, 761 649, 677 Shin-splint syndrome 334 Sitting pillow 852, 865 – in Down syndrome 165 Screw fixation 215, 500 Shoe elevation 263, 354, 637 Skeletal age 58, 97, 99, 100, – in fibrous dysplasia 165 – atlantoaxial 165, 666, 811 Shoe insert 707 206, 236, 240, 255, 633, 635 – in hereditary disease – osteochondritis dissecans – for clubfoot 435 Skeletal dysplasia 23, 158, 158–167 340 – for flatfeet 463–470, 468, 469 166–168, 269–26, 367–369, – in Klippel-Trenauny-Weber – patella 332 – for hallux valgus 474, 477, 458–460, 544–546, 747–826 syndrome 165 – slipped capital femoral 478 Skeletal growth 50, 51 – in Kniest syndrome 164 epiphysis 255, 257, 259 – for heel pain 442 Skeletal maturation, delayed – in Larsen syndrome 164, 784 – spondylolysis 128, 127, 130, – for neuromuscular diseases 236, 240, 753, 783, 817, 826 – in Marfan syndrome 160, 131 486, 487, 491, 493, 495, 815, Skewfoot 461, 463, 471 798 Seathre-Chotzen syndrome 839, 844–846 Skin appendages 718, 752 – in metatropic dysplasia 763 800 – for prominent navicular bone Skin fold asymmetry 213, 431 – in mucopolysaccharidosis Seating adaptation 852–853 480, 482 Skin pigmentation 37, 47, 76, 162–163, 784–786 Seating aid 92, 279, 834 – general 5, 27, 478 82, 118, 752, 790, 791, 791, – in muscular dystrophy 157, Secondary acetabulum 233, Shoe modification 468, 469, 819 873 278 844–846 Skin striae 796 902 Backmatter

Skip metastasis 677, 705–707, Spider finger 795, 796, 821 Spondylocostal dysplasia 133, Standardized values for height 711, 728, 735 Spinal cord injury without 137, 139, 752, 754, 801–802 55–56 Sleep apnea 800 radiographic abnormality 7 also Jarcho-Levine Standard shoes 835 Slippage process 62, 151, (SCIWORA syndrome) 169, syndrome Standing aid 487, 449, 837, 206, 210, 280, 488, 497, 170, 173, 864 Spondylodiscitis 173–175, 840, 853 833, 834, 835, 836, 839, Spinal cord lesions 139, 169, 178, 186, 648, 651 Standing frame 487, 783, 853, 840, 850, 851–857, 859, 604, 839, 860–867 Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia 854 862–864 Spinal cord monitoring 139 133, 163–164, 167, 242, Standing on one leg 39, 40, Slipped capital femoral Spinal dysraphism 132 259, 266, 268, 269, 271, 303, 195, 196, 203, 212, 326, 327, epiphysis 19, 28, 53, 68, Spinal fusion 26, 103–106, 751– 754, 758–759, 761, 621 117, 197, 198, 209, 250–259, 112, 113, 128, 131, 132, 137, 762, 766–768 Stanisavljevic operation 350, 297, 315–318, 610, 632, 645, 141, 155, 156, 163–166 Spondylolisthesis 68, 124–132, 351 809, 826 Spinal muscular atrophy 155, 187 Staphylococcus aureus 173, Slip angle 126, 252, 253, 254, 283, 284, 751, 851, 869, 870, – congenital 133, 141, 159 654, 656 255, 256, 257, 258 872, 875 Spondylolysis 21, 67, 68, 76, Statics 60, 62, 84, 99, 187, 189, Small-for-gestational-age baby Spinal stenosis 163, 166, 754, 80, 81, 82, 120, 124–132, 139, 455, 614, 615, 616 782, 856 756, 757, 758, 761, 774 160, 187, 190, 191, 610 Status, pediatric orthopaedic Small stature 336, 747, 748, Spina bifida 190, 387, 762, Spondylolysis screw fixation 35–37 749, 751, 755, 756, 758, 761, 771, 849, 860, 861 127, 130, 131 Steel operation 273 762, 764, 775, 779, 783, 785, 7 also myleomeningocele Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia Steindler operation 495 791, 816, 824 Spina ventosa 654 753, 763, 768 Stem cell transplantation 54, Smith-McCort syndrome Spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma Spondyloptosis 125, 126, 130, 737, 774, 786, 794 768 722 131, 139 Steppage gait 418, 419 Snapping phenomenon, knee SpineCor brace 103, 105 Spontaneous correction Stickler syndrome 259, 334, 360, 367, 379, 412 Spinocerebellar degeneration 171, 287, 292, 385, 388, 388, 752–754, 758, 760 Society and the spine 86, 150 391, 500, 502, 505, 564, 566, Stieda-Pellegrini shadow 380, 188 Spiral CT technique 44, 677, 569, 570, 574, 574, 582, 585, 413 Soft-bedding 485, 495 678 586–588, 604, 610, 614–615 Still’s disease 661–666 Soft tissue release 108, 112, Splayfoot 419, 421, 475, 476, Spontaneous fracture 311, 773, Stimulatory growth (disorder) 155, 167, 280, 349, 434, 436, 481, 513 775 53, 54, 58, 65, 106, 137, 139, 463, 493, 541, 556, 559, 665, Splenomegaly 773, 819 Sport 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 16, 34, 46, 205, 292, 293, 329, 390, 393, 666, 761 Splint 5, 9, 18, 19, 23, 23, 27, 48, 60, 61–69, 76, 91–92, 96, 395, 499, 502, 565, 572, 574, Soft tissue tumor 671, 105, 603, 603, 606, 628, 641, 103, 105–106, 117, 120, 125, 586, 615–616, 631, 632, 635, 716–725, 729 643, 650, 652, 657, 665, 772, 127, 165, 170, 185, 188–191, 650, 653, 663, 684, 792, 813, Solera instrumentation 107, 775, 780, 783, 783, 817, 840, 244, 248, 251, 252, 254, 287, 821, 840 108, 111 841, 843–855 288, 292, 315, 318, 321, 328, Stippled calcification 676, 687, Solitary bone cyst – ankle and foot 426, 433, 331, 332, 339, 48, 342, 378– 688, 705, 708, 771, 783 7 Simple bone cyst 434, 435, 436, 440, 445, 477, 384, 386, 388, 418, 456, 468, STIR (»short tau inversion Somatosensory potentials 94, 478, 480, 487, 492, 498, 500, 484, 485, 504, 513, 517, 548, recovery«) 45 112, 429 603, 506 549, 551, 562, 565, 570, 570, Storage disease, lysosomal Somatotropin 53 – hip 211, 218, 220, 221, 223, 572, 577, 583, 585, 603, 608, 784–786 Sonography 7 Ultrasound 224, 238, 244, 245, 247, 248, 609–610, 613–614, 626, 717, Strabismus 752, 760, 796, 814, Sotos syndrome 149, 751–753, 298, 299 810, 823, 850, 863, 869 819 798–799 – knee 340, 341, 342, 347, Sports injury 27, 28, 169, 287, Straight-line graph 634 Southwick osteotomy 257 350, 359, 371, 372, 373, 374, 587, 588, 609–610 Straight-training 4, 22 Spasticity 39, 150, 837, 856 377, 378, 381, 383, 384, 388, Sprengel’s deformity 82, 133, Strain gauge 63 – ankle and foot 487–495 388, 393, 398, 400, 401, 409, 529, 542–543, 801 Strayer operation 493 – hip 279, 272–281 410 Spring ankle foot orthosis 405, Strength, motor 38 – knee and lower lg 369–374 – passive, motorized 299, 866 Strephopodia 425 – spine 150–155 341, 383, 398, 401, 650, 652, Squatting position 212, 221, Streptococcus 173, 648, 656 – upper extremity 550–556 657, 867 222, 224, 274, 282 Stress 61 Spastic cerebral palsy – upper extremity 534, 535, Stability testing 323, 379, 423, Stress fracture 44, 286, 287, 7 Cerebral palsy 539, 551, 554, 555, 559, 504, 603 288, 291, 334–335, 386, Spastic diplegia 275, 370, 865, 568, 573, 490, 582, 583, 585, Stage of life 89 421, 485, 577, 584, 603, 604, 858 588 Staging (tumors) 681–682, 608–609, 610, 645, 677, 683 SPECT (single photon emission Split foot 417, 453–454 716, 725, 726 Stress symptoms 65 computed tomography) Split hand 521, 529, 532, 536, Staging system (tumors) Stress tolerance 610 44, 676, 677 804 681–682 Stress x-ray 43 Speech therapy 832, 835, 839, Split transfer 436, 439, 490 Stagnara brace 103 Stretching 469 841, 857, 859 Spondylitis 173–176 Stance phase 39, 41, 210, 273, Stretching splint 371, 373, 374, Spherical hip measurement Spondylitis, ankylosing 175 322, 322, 370–372, 375, 377, 641, 841, 849, 870 206–208, 230 Spondylitis, tuberculosis 173, 418, 486, 487, 489, 493, 496, Stulberg classification 238, 240 Spicules 675, 705, 711 174, 175 834, 835, 843, 846, 847 Stump lengthening 533 903 S–T Subject Index

Stüve-Wiedemann dysplasia SWASH (= Sitting, Walking, Talipes equinovarus 7 Clubfoot Thanatophoric dysplasia 750, 607, 751, 753, 770 and Standing Hip) orthosis Tall stature 751, 796, 821 751, 752, 755, 756 Subcapital wedge osteotomy, 273, 850 Talocalcaneal coalition Thermal probe 179, 727 slipped capital femoral Swing-through gait 863 7 Coalition, tarsal Thermoregulation 818 epiphysis 254, 255, 257, 258 Swivel Walker 849, 850, 863 Talus partitus 445, 447, 483 Thomas grip 195, 196 Subchondral fracture 237, 238, Symbrachydactyly 521, 529, Tangential view 345 Thomas splint 244 241, 295 531–533, 534, 536, 544, 753, Tape measure 36, 48, 322, 323, Thomsen disease 876 Subdermal fibromatosis 592, 803 421, 632 Thoracic insufficiency syndrome 716 Syme amputation 356, 456, Tarsal coalition 262, 354, 355, 133, 135 Suction cup after Klobe 146, 457 357, 421, 424, 448–450, 456, Thoracoscopic techniques 107, 147 Symphalangism 449, 458, 802 457, 464, 468, 472, 480, 514, 109, 109, 111, 147 Subluxation Syndactyly 30, 162, 358, 753, 814 Thoracostomy 135 – atlantoaxial 145, 164, 170, 800, 801, 803–805, 816, 817, Tarsomegaly 786 Three-tab insert 435 175, 664, 665, 779, 809–811 820 TAR syndrome ( Thrombo- Thrombocytopenia 534, 753, – foot area 429, 430, 431, 432, – foot 10, 417, 450, 451, cytopenia absent radius 805 434, 461, 464, 466, 490, 491, 451–453, 455, 458 syndrome) 534, 753, 804 Thumb-forearm gap 37, 466, 494, 787, 847 – upper extremity 521, 528, Taylor Spatial Frame 27, 410, 522, 524 – hip 213, 237, 240, 241–243, 529, 531, 535, 536, 539, 541, 436, 438, 439, 456, 630, 642, Thumb anomaly 529, 539, 541, 246, 247, 268, 275, 278, 279, 542, 544 643, 757, 770 556, 760, 794, 802, 804, 805, 287, 293, 302, 317 Syndesmosis 357, 423, 500, 503 Teeth, anomaly 752, 766, 779, 817 – knee 358, 360, 367, 383, 804 3M-Syndrom 751, 753, 754, 798 Thumb deflection test 135, 137 – patella 322, 326, 343, 345, 770 Telescopic gamma-nail 312, Thumb deformity in spastic 346, 347 Synostosis 150, 162 313 cerebral palsy 552, 553, 554, – radius 536, 574, 579, 753, – multiple 751, 752, 753, 754, Telescopic nail 312, 313, 363, 555, 556, 558 802 800, 802, 805 364, 608, 640, 642, 770, 780, Thumb hypoplasia 529, 541 – shoulder 558, 559 – radiohumeral 770 781 Thyroid hormone 827 – spine 162, 170 – radioulnar 529, 536–539, Temperature regulation 552, Thyroxine 53 – ulna 541, 569 576, 579, 582, 753, 805, 812, 818, 858 Tibia, congenital pseudarthrosis Subtalar arthrodesis 437, 468, 817 Tendon lengthening 25, 277, 242, 353, 360–364, 543, 607, 470, 495 – sternal 150 303, 376, 426, 428, 434, 436, 753, 792–793 Subtalar joint 417, 419, 421, – tarsal 448, 450 440, 443, 487, 489, 492, 493, Tibia valga 388, 396, 787, 788 422, 423, 429, 436, 449, 450, 7 also Coalition, tarsal 496, 497, 556, 559, 815, 816, Tibia valga et recurvata 471, 513 Synovectomy 303, 400, 408, 838–841, 868, 873 364–367 Subtrochanteric fracture 289 664, 690, 719, 826 Tendon transfer 490, 552, 559 Tibial aplasia 357, 453 Sulcus sign 519, 520 Synovial chondromatosis 305, Tendovaginitis stenosans, upper Tibial axis 388 Sulfation disorders 760–762 400, 404, 408, 663, 678, 690 extremity 539 Tibial deficiency 353, 357–358, Superduction, toe 419 Synovial sarcoma 511, 592, Tennis elbow 592 456, 639, 804 Super-hip-Procedure 263, 264, 679, 721, 723, 727, 729 Tenodesis 556, 559, 837, 841, Tibial dysplasia 242, 353, 266 Synoviorthesis 409, 719, 826 871 360–364, 543, 607, 753, Supernumerary toe 451 Synovitis Tenotomy 25, 145, 273, 278, 792–793 Supination 418, 419, 421, 422, – pigmented villonodular 303, 359, 434, 440, 445, 556, Tibial head 313, 388, 388, 506, 425, 429, 431, 435, 436, 438, 305, 400, 404, 408, 410, 663, 559, 559, 815, 840 604 439, 443, 445, 450, 454, 455, 719, 720, 727 Tensile strength (ligaments) 66 Tibial pseudarthrosis, congenital 463, 464, 469, 470, 489, 490, – transient 17, 295–297, 302, Tensilon test 876 242, 353, 360–364, 543, 607, 491, 492, 494, 504, 520, 521, 303, 315–317, 400, 645 Tension-band wiring 123, 154, 753, 792–793 526, 532, 538, 541, 555, 557, Syringomyelia 157, 865 162, 163, 165, 166, 173, 290, Tibial torsion 623, 624, 625 558, 575, 584, 586, 593, 637, Syrinx 94, 112, 187, 861, 864 387, 391, 576, 577, 786 Tibial tuberosity 321, 322, 323, 769, 844, 847 Systemic disease Tension trajectory 62, 203, 204 331, 345, 349, 371, 381, 388, Supination trauma 450, 504, 7 skeletal dysplasia Teratological hip dislocation 389, 390, 412, 625, 629, 782, 637 Systemic lupus erythematodes 259–260 823 Suppurative arthritis 663 Teratological series 530, 533 Tibialis-posterior syndrome 7 Septic arthritis Teratoma 133, 184 467, 468, 504, 514 Supracondylar fracture Testosterone 53, 58, 65, 251, Tibiofibular diastasis 353, 7 Fracture 609 357–358 Surface osteosarcoma 706, T Tethered cord syndrome 101, Tillaux fracture 500, 503 707 Talar axis 443, 461 135, 137, 156, 157, 187, 829, Tiltable standing frame 853 Survival rate 27, 182, 313, 408, Talar fracture 505, 506 861, 864 Tilt angle 251, 563, 575 665, 706, 707, 708, 709, 712, Talar necrosis 433, 438, 506 Tetraparesis 125, 150, 273, 345, Tilt deformity 67, 68, 251, 254 722, 723, 729, 731, 859 Talar reduction 432, 434, 435, 486, 489, 547, 552, 554, 850, Tiptoes, walking on 81, 418, Suspension, ventral 171 464, 470 857–858, 859 469 Sutcliffe spondylometaphyseal Talectomy 435, 436, 495, 815 7 also Cerebral palsy Tissue characterization 45, 677 dysplasia 768 Talipes calcaneus Thalassemia 242 Tissue engineering 671, 736, Swan-neck deformity 553, 556 7 Calcaneus foot Thalidomide 528, 804 737, 742 904 Backmatter

Titanium rib 7 VEPTR Transitional fracture 384–389, Tuberosity, tibial 321, 322, 323, Titanium scaffold 671, 736, 499–503, 587, 588, 604, 331, 332, 345, 349, 350, 371, U 737, 737 604 381, 382, 388–388, 412, 626, UICC system (»Union Tizinidine 837 Translation, glenohumeral 519, 629, 783, 816, 823 Internationale contre le TNF (Tumor Nekrosis Factor) 520, 547, 548 TUBS (traumatic, unidirectional, Cancer«-System) 681, 682 313, 664 Translocation 680, 696, 697, Bankart-lesion, surgical Ulnar clubhand 529, 535–536 Toennis classification (femoral 710, 711, 712, 717, 718, 719, repair) 546 Ulnar fracture 574, 581, 582, head necrosis) 222 722, 723, 724 Tuebingen splint 219, 221, 233, 583 Toe fracture 505 Transverse arrest 529 238, 234 Ulnar nerve palsy 559, 565 Toe transfer, microvascular 533 Traumatology 168–173, Tumor 671–681 Ultrasound 26–28, 30, 44–44, Tomofix plate 629, 630, 642 285–293, 384–393, 499–506, – age distribution 585 45, 85, 133, 144, 179, 358, Torg syndrome 786 561–589, 603–617 – benign , bone 682–703 359, 379, 398, 400, 410, 418, Torque 27, 64, 374 Treacher-Collins. mandibulo- – bridging options 732–738 429, 431, 445, 467, 490, 528, Torsion(al) facial dysostosis 801 – bone matrix 704–707, 781 603, 633, 640, 645, 645, 649, – anomaly 195, 199, 225, 226, Trendelenburg sign 37, 195, – cartilage-forming 685–690, 656, 657, 673, 677, 677, 706, 252, 368, 274, 276, 281, 282, 196 708–710 720, 764, 809, 814, 838, 864, 285, 293, 318, 329, 330, 331, Trevor’s disease (dysplasia – diagnosis 671–681 873, 876 344, 345, 347, 351, 372, epiphysealis hemimelica) – femur , distal 401–409 – hip 26–28, 200, 212–218, 374–376, 429, 440, 461, 463, 353, 367–368, 632, 687, 753, – fibrohistiocytic 712–713 296, 298 464, 465, 497, 548, 549, 558, 786–787 – foot and ankle 508–513 Unhappy triad 380 559, 604, 614, 616, 620–631, Triadiate cartilage 214, 216, – general information Unicameral bone cyst 834, 836, 852, 864 223, 228, 229, 230, 231, 238, 671–740 7 Simple bone cyst – fracture 7 injury 251, 266, 269, 271, 281, 286, – grading 680 Unilateral unsegmented bar – injury 169–171, 289, 291, 287, 297, 757, 768, 798 – hip, pelvis 305–314 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 292, 393, 612 Trichorhinophalangeal – knee, lower leg 401–409 861 – moment 26, 42, 61, 62, 63, syndrome 242, 259, – malignant 704–731 Universal Clamps 107, 116, 64, 169, 170, 171, 210, 289, 752–753, 769 – malignant, definition 704 153 334 Trigger finger 539 – of the medullary cavity Universal Spinal System Instru- – movement 155 Trigger point 7 pain point 710–712 manetation 107, 128 – normal 37, 62, 87, 195, 197, Triparesis 858 – pelvis 305–315 Upper arm brace 565 198, 200, 202, 203, 206, 344 Triphalangeal thumb 529, 539, – prosthesis 312, 405, 407, Upright gait 22, 124, 212 – tibia 623, 624, 625 805 408, 734, 736, 738 Uremia 776 Torticollis 26, 79, 82, 143–145, Triplane fracture 384, 385, – proximal femur 305–315 Urinary incontinence 861, 862, 164, 170, 190, 213, 259, 810 499–502 – radiological diagnosis 864, 865 Total hip replacement Triple arthrodesis 436, 458, 673–678 7 arthroplasty 471–473 – register 682 Tracer 677 Triple osteotomy 225, 226, – resection methods 726–732 Tracheomalacia 763 229–238, 245–247, 249, 280 – soft tissues 671, 716–724 V Tracheoesophageal fistula 132, Trisomy 5 – spine 176–184 VACTERL syndrome 132, 534 534 7 Cri-du-chat syndrome – staging 668, 680, 681 Valgus deformity Traction 24, 26, 98, 103, 110, Trisomy 8 691, 717, 751, 753, – therapeutic strategies 7 axial deformity 111, 130, 137, 153, 170, 212, 754, 811 725–741 Vanishing bone disease 753, 220, 224, 233, 243, 254, 256, Trisomy 18 441, 751, 753, 754, – type of resection 725–728 786 257, 285, 286, 287, 292, 293, 811 – upper extremity 590–596 Van Nes rotationplasty 263, 322, 331, 332, 334, 343, 344, Trisomy 21 165, 167, 242, 259, – vessels 691–693, 713 264, 312, 355, 405, 638, 737, 348, 359, 363, 388, 433, 434, 269, 271, 343, 345, 348, 451, Tumorboard 680, 682 738, 739 490, 498, 531, 534, 559, 563, 466, 470, 522, 751–754, 792, Tumor-like lesions 695–704 Varus curvature 312, 360, 353, 564, 568, 571, 578, 606, 834, 809, 809–811 Tumor-suppressor gene 704 792 864, 867 Trochanteric elevation 290 Tumor necrosis factor 313, 664, Varus deformity Trajectories 61, 62, 202, 204, Trochanter support osteotomy 723, 729 7 axial deformity 475 280, 283, 301, 302 Tumor register 307, 401, 683, Varus pad 434, 435 Transbuccal x-ray of the dens 83 Trochleaplasty 350, 352 740 Vascular malformation Transcondylar humeral fracture TRPV4-group 763 Tunnel view according to Frick 458, 511, 632, 677, 691–692, 7 Fracture Trunk-swinging 835 326, 327, 337, 338, 359, 360, 720, 790 Transfer, muscle 282, 370, 436, 7 also Trendelenburg sign 368, 410, 412, 413 Vascularized bone graft 308, 440, 445, 490, 552, 555, 556, Trunk control 150, 818, 831, Turner syndrome 343, 769, 363, 512, 653, 733, 734, 737, 559, 559, 868 851, 856, 858, 859, 870 776, 784, 812, 816 738 Transfer function 40, 156, 281, Trunk orthosis 7 Brace Twister cables 374, 627, 836 Vascular imaging 44, 678 836, 851, 859, 863 TSF (Taylor spatial frame) 27, Twoplane fracture 500, 501, Vascular supply 236, 256, Transformation zone 51 410, 436, 438, 439, 456, 630, 503 289, 290 Transient synovitis 17, 642, 643, 757, 770 Type-II-collagen-group Vascular tumor 669, 670, 672, 295–297, 302, 303, 315–317, Tuberculosis 22, 28, 46, 173, 758–759 691–692, 713, 720–720 400, 645 174, 175, 507, 632, 654–655 Type-XI-collagen-group 760 Venel, André 24, 426 905 T–Z Subject Index

Ventilation program 873 Walking ability 153, 157, Wiring, tension-band 123, 154, Ventral derotation 250, 251, 273, 279, 282, 283, 162, 163, 165, 166, 173, 290, spondylodesis 106 302, 303, 313, 358, 375, 377, 387, 391, 576, 577, 786 Ventricular drain 861 401, 489, 639, 760, 779, 780, Wolff’s Law 26, 60, 202 Ventricular septal defect 817, 848, 850, 856, 859, 862, Wollcott-Rallison type of 760 865, 869, 870, 871, 873, 873, spondylo-metaphyseal VEPTR (=Vertical Expandable 876 dysplasia 768 Prosthetic Titanium Rib) Walking aid 559, 568, 853 Wrisberg type 366, 367 106, 138–140, 142, 156, 157, Walking apparatus 850, 863 167, 762, 764 Walking frame 854 Vertebral slippage – Watanabe classification 7 Spondyolisthesis ( discoid meniscus) 366 X Vertebra plana 179, 181, 187, – Web space 453, 536, 541 X-ray 43–45 654, 701 Weber technique 363 – conventional image 43 Vertebral Body Derotation 109, Wedge osteotomy 172, 254, – foot, ankle 423–425 110 255, 257, 258, 443, 454, 471, – fracture 603–604 Vertical alignment 47, 78, 79, 477, 629, 803 – general i nformation 43–46 96, 97, 99, 112, 156, 614 Wedge vertebra 118, 134, 170, – hip, pelvis, prox. femur Vertical expandable prosthetic 171, 173 198–200 titanium rib 7 VEPTR Weighing scales 36, 80 – historical 27 Vertical talus, congenital Weight 37, 57–58, 62 – knee 326–328, 413 133, 145, 417, 441–445, 464, 7 also obesity – osteomyelitis 649, 652 470, 816 Weight transfer 849, 850, 851 – radiation protection 45 Vestibular schwannoma 752 Weighting 45, 174, 307, 677, – spine 83–85, 97–100 Vicker’s ligament 542 687, 699, 711 – torsion, determination of Video analysis 32, 36, 42, 43, Werdnig-Hoffmann spinal 622 100 muscular atrophy 155, 869, – tumors 673–677 Video recording 42 875 – upper extremity 524–528 Vidus Vidius 23 Werner syndrome 704 Xanthoma, fibrous Villonodular pigmented synovitis Weyer’s acrofacial dysostosis 7 non ossifying fibroma 7 Synovitis, pigmented 451, 801 XXY syndrome villonodular Wheelchair 40, 152, 156, 273, 7 Klinefelter syndrome Visceral involvement 179, 628, 666, 840, 850, 851, 852, 701 853, 862, 863, 872 Visual compensation 555 WHO (Classification musculo- Vital capacity 101, 137, 147 skelettal tumors) 45, 46, Y Vitamin-D-resistent rickets 671, 682, 689, 690, 691, 693, Y-osteotomy according to 7 rickets 696, 698, 704, 708, 712, 716, Pauwels 266, 267 Vitamin C deficiency 776 719, 720 Y-view 525, 548, 561, 563 Vojta therapy 558, 839 Whole body image (EOS system) Y fracture 566, 574 Volar lip fracture 587, 588 85, 100, 106 Volkmann contracture 570 Wiberg center-edge angle 204, Volkmann fragment 500 209, 223, 225 230, 277, 798 Von Recklinghausen disease Wide resection 182, 183, Z 7 Neurofibromatosis 307, 308, 309, 310, 313, 314, Z-plasty 357, 493, 803 Von Willebrand disease 824 405–409, 513, 543, 594, 595, Zander, Gustav 25 Vrolik type 678, 707, 708–709, 712, 714, Zellweger syndrome 751, 771 7 osteogenesis imperfecta 723, 725–740 Zero-crossing method 36 Williams syndrome 167 Zielke 106, 107 Williams-Beuren syndrome Zohlen sign 330 751–754, 817 Zwinger, Theodor 24 W Wilmington brace 103 Waddling gait 224, 645, 756, Wilson test 337 757, 768, 872, 873, 876 Windswept deformity 274, Wagner, Heinz 26 275, 560 Wassel classification 540 Winkelmann clavicula pro Waist triangle 37, 76, 82, 96, 97, humero technique 594, 595 614 Winkelmann hip transposition Waldenström’s disease 302 308, 310 Walker 40, 849, 850, 854, 859, Wire fixation, percutaneous 863 256, 574, 612 Walker cyst 861 Wiring, segmental 107, 112, Walking, onset of 54 113, 155