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Passports to Privilege: the English-Medium Schools in Pakistan
Peace and Democracy in South Asia, Volume 1, Number 1, January 2005. PASSPORTS TO PRIVILEGE: THE ENGLISH-MEDIUM SCHOOLS IN PAKISTAN TARIQ RAHMAN _____________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Based on two recent surveys of some selected urban areas of Pakistan, the author draws interesting conclusions in this article about the English-medium schools in Pakistan. The elites of the country have long realized the power of the English language and have even institutionalized the process of acquiring the same. As seen elsewhere in South Asia, the English-speaking elites of the country profess one thing about their national languages and practise something else for their own children. The craving for excellence in English language as a tool for a more successful life is not confined to the city elites but has penetrated the army, the air force, and the naval branches of a country that has frequently been ruled by army generals. It is also clear from this article that the privileged children of Pakistan are westernised in terms of lifestyle and liberal in attitude towards India, although after joining the state, they are seen supporting the militaristic policies of the state. _____________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION English is the official language of Pakistan. It is used in all domains of power - government, bureaucracy, military, judiciary, commerce, media, education and research - at the highest level. Because it is empowering to learn English, people all over the country are ready to invest in it for the future of their children. Because of this demand, all over the cities of Pakistan one can see boards advertising institutions which claim to be English-medium schools or tuition ‘centres’ claiming to teach spoken English and English for passing all kinds of examinations and interviews. -
Pakistan's Army
Pakistan’s Army: New Chief, traditional institutional interests Introduction A year after speculation about the names of those in the race for selection as the new Army Chief of Pakistan began, General Qamar Bajwa eventually took charge as Pakistan's 16th Chief of Army Staff on 29th of November 2016, succeeding General Raheel Sharif. Ordinarily, such appointments in the defence services of countries do not generate much attention, but the opposite holds true for Pakistan. Why this is so is evident from the popular aphorism, "while every country has an army, the Pakistani Army has a country". In Pakistan, the army has a history of overshadowing political landscape - the democratically elected civilian government in reality has very limited authority or control over critical matters of national importance such as foreign policy and security. A historical background The military in Pakistan is not merely a human resource to guard the country against the enemy but has political wallop and opinions. To know more about the power that the army enjoys in Pakistan, it is necessary to examine the times when Pakistan came into existence in 1947. In 1947, both India and Pakistan were carved out of the British Empire. India became a democracy whereas Pakistan witnessed several military rulers and still continues to suffer from a severe civil- military imbalance even after 70 years of its birth. During India’s war of Independence, the British primarily recruited people from the Northwest of undivided India which post partition became Pakistan. It is noteworthy that the majority of the people recruited in the Pakistan Army during that period were from the Punjab martial races. -
Company Profile
Shaheen Medical Services, Opposite Benazir Bhutto Airport Chaklala, Rawalpindi Phone: +92-51-5405270,5780328, PAF: 3993 http://shaheenmedicalservices.com / Email: [email protected] Page 1 MISSION Gain trust of our valuable clients, with most efficient and ethical services, by providing quality pharmaceutical products with maximum shelf life procured from authentic sources. VISION SMS is continuously striving to be recognized as a leading distributor of pharmaceutical products by focusing on efficient and ethical delivery of services. GOAL To work in collaboration with our worthy partners, to provide high value and premium quality pharmaceutical products to our clients, in order to sustain long-term business relationship. Shaheen Medical Services, Opposite Benazir Bhutto Airport Chaklala, Rawalpindi Phone: +92-51-5405270,5780328, PAF: 3993 http://shaheenmedicalservices.com / Email: [email protected] Page 2 INTRODUCTION Shaheen Foundation, Pakistan Air Force (PAF), was established in 1977 under the Charitable Endowment Act, 1890, essentially to promote welfare for the benefit of serving and retired PAF personnel including its civilian’s employees and their dependents, and to this end generates funds through industrial and commercial enterprises. Since then, it has launched a number of profitable ventures to generate funds necessary for financing the Foundation’s welfare activities. Shaheen Medical Services (SMS) was established to fulfill the pharmaceutical and surgical requirement of Armed forces and public/private sector. Since it’s founding in Rawalpindi in 1996, Shaheen Medical Services, Shaheen Foundation, PAF has become the leading distributor of Pharmaceuticals & Surgical products in Pakistan Air Force Hospitals, with offices in 22 cities nationwide. SMS is a registered member of Rawalpindi Chamber of Commerce and Industries (RCC&I), Export Promotion Bureau (EPB) of Pakistan and Director General Defense Purchase (DGDP). -
Companies Signing
The International Code of Conduct for Private Security Service Providers Signatory Companies Complete List as of 1 August 2013 – Version with Company Details 1. 1Naval One Signed by: Alex Raptis, Operations Manager Date of becoming Signatory Company: 1 May 2013 (by letter) Headquarters: Panama, Panama City Website: www.naval1.com 1Naval One SA., provides specialized professional global security for the maritime industry. Our company offers services that cover the fields of training, consulting and maritime security. Our people are former members of elite and SF units of the armed forces with extensive operational experience in the maritime environment. Naval One S.A., operates to the highest international standards of the industry and in compliance of national and international laws. 2. 2D Security Signed by: Devrim Poyraz, Director Date of becoming Signatory Company: 1 February 2013 (by letter) Headquarters: Turkey, Istanbul Website: www.2d.com.tr We as 2D Security have been operating since 2001 on several different security fields such as ballistics cabin protection and consultancy. With our current company form, now we are entering sea security field. We just hired over 30 special trained navy seals which have employed by the Turkish Navy in the past. These personnel are ready to execute every mission that is needed in sea security. Most of our services will be assisting vessels passing through Suez Canal and Indian Ocean area protecting against piracy. Being part of your family would take us to the next level. One good thing about crew is having different missions in different countries as part of the NATO forces, this means having experience dealing with natives of those countries. -
Military Budgets in India and Pakistan: Trajectories, Priorities, Risks
MILITARY BUDGETS in INDIA and PAKISTAN Trajectories, Priorities, and Risks by Shane Mason Military Budgets in India and Pakistan: Trajectories, Priorities, and Risks © Copyright 2016 by the Stimson Center. All rights reserved. Printed in Washington, D.C. Stimson Center 1211 Connecticut Avenue, NW 8th Floor Washington, D.C. 20036 U.S.A. Visit www.stimson.org for more information about Stimson’s research. 2 Military Budgets in India and Pakistan: Trajectories, Priorities, and Risks PREFACE The Stimson Center prides itself in fact-driven analysis, as exemplified in Shane Mason’s report, Military Budgets in India and Pakistan: Trajectories, Priorities, and Risks. Shane’s analysis and policy-relevant conclusions are properly caveated, because India does not reveal some important data about defense spending, and Pakistan, while doing better to offer its citizens defense budget information, still reveals less than India. While Shane has found it necessary to draw inferences about spending for nuclear weapon- related programs, for which there is little publicly available information, he has been transparent about his sources and methodology. Those who appreciate reading the pages of The Economist will find comfort immersing themselves in Shane’s charts and graphs comparing trends in Indian and Pakistani defense expenditures. This Stimson report is also accessible to those who prefer analysis to numerology. Shane’s analytical bottom lines are worth highlighting. The growth of India’s defense expenditures relative to Pakistan are noteworthy, but the full impact of this differential will be diminished absent reforms in familiar organizational, bureaucratic, and procurement practices, as well as by growth in benefit payments. -
125-132 Book Review -Eng.Qxd
MILITARY INC. Ayesha Siddiqa. Military Inc.: Inside Pakistan's Military Economy. London: Pluto Press, 2007. 304 p. Reviewed by Gennady Evstafiev In 2007 Dr. Ayesha Siddiqa, a Pakistani political analyst and Woodrow Wilson Center scholar, published her fundamental research on a specific phenomenon, observed in a number of third world countries, looking into its history, development, current situation and influence in Pakistan. This phenomenon is an increasing participation of the military forces in the business and economic life of some countries, contracted as Milbus. Even though Dr. Siddiqa scrutinized abundant data related to the situation in her native coun try, nearly all revealed trends and methods of penetrating into the economic life of a state are also characteristic of the military in Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar, more so in Turkey, and to different degrees in a number of other countries, including those in Latin America, and even countries like China (before 1988). The degree to which the military have penetrated into the economy and the general level of their influence in society directly depends on and is proportional to the degree of their access to political leverage and relations with other key political players of a country. Naturally, meth ods used by military circles depend on the historical circumstances in which specific countries emerged and developed, as well as on the nature of relations between civil society and top mil itary echelons, power and influence of specific political institutions in some countries, espe cially the democratic ones. The conclusion made by Dr. Siddiqa is very much wellgrounded and can be handy in analyti cal research of the role the military play today in developing countries that for various histori cal, economic, and political reasons are prone to longterm instability and imbalance of polit ical systems. -
Downloaded by [New York University] at 23:42 28 November 2016 Pakistan’S Inter- Services Intelligence Directorate
Downloaded by [New York University] at 23:42 28 November 2016 Pakistan’s Inter- Services Intelligence Directorate This book is the first comprehensive study of Pakistan’s Inter- Services Intelli- gence Directorate (ISI). The rise of Pakistan- backed religious extremist groups in Afghanistan, India and Central Asia has focused international attention on Pakistan’s premier intelligence organization and covert action advocate, the Inter- Services Intelligence Directorate or ISI. While ISI is regarded as one of the most powerful government agencies in Pakistan today, surprisingly little has been written about it from an academic perspective. This book addresses critical gaps in our understanding of this agency, including its domestic security mission, covert backing of the Afghan Taliban, and its links to al- Qa’ida. Using primary source materials, including declassified intelligence and diplomatic reporting, press reports and memoirs, this book explores how ISI was transformed from a small, negligible counter intelligence outfit of the late- 1940s into the national security behemoth of today with extensive responsibilities in domestic security, political interference and covert action. This study concludes that reforming or even eliminating ISI will be funda- mental if Pakistan is to successfully transition from an army- run, national security state to a stable, democratic society that enjoys peaceful relations with its neighbors. This book will be of interest to students of intelligence studies, South Asian politics, foreign policy and international security in general. Owen L. Sirrs is Adjunct Professor at the University of Montana, USA, and the author of two previous books, including, most recently, The Egyptian Intelligence Service (Routledge 2011). -
Shoaib. M—1146(16) 250Th Session 20Th July 1 (250Th Session)
Shoaib. M—1146(16) 250th Session 20th July 1 (250th Session) SENATE SECRETARIAT ————— “QUESTIONS FOR ORAL ANSWERS AND THEIR REPLIES” to be asked at a sitting of the Senate to be held on Wednesday, the 20th July, 2016 DEFERRED QUESTIONS (Questions Nos. 6, 44, 16, 22, 24 and 25 deferred on 10th May, 2016, (248th Session) (Question No. 66 deferred on 11th May, 2016, (248th Session) (Def.) *Question No. 6. Senator Farhatullah Babar: (Notice received on 26-01-2016 at 08:50 a.m.) Will the Minister for Defence be pleased to state the names of the projects / units and housing colonies in various cities under the administrative control of Fauji Foundation, Shaheen Foundation, Bahria Foundation, Army Welfare Trust (AWT) and Defence Housing Authorities (DHAs) indicating also the year in which the respective projects / units were launched? Khawaja Muhammad Asif: Requisite information pertaining to DHAs, Bahria Foundation, Army Welfare Trust (AWT) and Fauji Foundation alongwith names of projects, city and year of launch is as under:— (a) DHAs (1) DHA Karachi. It was raised as Pakistan befencc Officers Cooperative Housing Society (PDOCHS) in 1952. Later it was re- designated as DHA Karachi in 1980 through Ordinance No. XLI dated 9th August 1980. 2 (2) DHA Lahore. It was established as Defence Housing Society in 1973 and later re-designated as DHA Lahore in 2002 through Chief Executive’s Order No. 26 dated 19th September 2001. Three chapters were raised in year 2014 at Multan, Gujranwala and Bahawalpur. (3) DHA Islamabad/Rawalpindi. Initially DHA Islamabad was raised as Army Welfare Housing Scheme (AWHS) in 1988. -
S.R.O. No.../2011.In Exercise of Powers Conferred Under Sub.Section
PART II] THE GAZETTE OF PAKISTAN, EXTRA., DEC. 16, 2020 2837(1) S.R.O. No............/2011.In exercise of powers conferred under sub.section (3) of Section 4 of the PEMRA Ordinance 2002 (Xlll of 2002), the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority is pleased to make and promulgate the following service regulations for appointment, promotion, termination and other terms and conditions of employment of its staff, experts, consultants, advisors etc. ISLAMABAD, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 16, 2020 PART II Statutory Notifications (S. R. O.) GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN FINANCE DIVISION (Internal Finance Wing) NOTIFICATIONS Islamabad, the 10th November, 2020 S. R. O. 1347(I)/2020.— In pursuance of Section 15 (3) of the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) Act 1956, the Federal Government is pleased to accept the resignation of Mr. Atif R. Bokhari, Board of Directors of State Bank of Pakistan with effect from March 26, 2020. [No. F. 3(1)Bkg. I /2011.] MUBEEN SAEED, Deputy Secretary. 2837(1—5) Price : Rs. 10.00 [6520(2020)/Ex. Gaz.] 2837(2) THE GAZETTE OF PAKISTAN, EXTRA., DEC. 16, 2020 [PART II Islamabad, the 4th December, 2020 S. R. O. 1348(I)/2020.—Consequent upon the concurrence of Establishment Division vide U. O No. F. 21/12/2020-E-1 dated 20th November, 2020 and with the approval of the Prime Minister vide U.O. No 1(86)/DS(EA-III)/2020-940 dated 24-11-2020, the post of Master of the Mint (BS-20), Pakistan Mint, Lahore has been re-designated with the nomenclature of Director General (BS-20), Pakistan Mint, Lahore with immediate effect. -
Educationinpakistan a Survey
Education in Pakistan: A Survey ∗ Dr. Tariq Rehman Every year the government of Pakistan publishes some report or the other about education. If not specifically about education, at least the Economic Survey of Pakistan carries a chapter on education. These reports confess that the literacy rate is low, the rate of participation in education at all levels is low and the country is spending too little in this area. Then there one brave promises about the future such as the achievement of hundred percent literacy and increasing the spending on education which has been hovering around 2 percent of the GNP since 1995 to at least 4 percent and so on. Not much is done, though increases in the number of schools, universities and religious seminaries (madaris) is recorded. The private sector mints millions of rupees and thousands of graduates throng the market not getting the jobs they aspired to. The field of education is a graveyard of these aspirations. 1 ∗ Professor of Linguistics, National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad. 1. The following indicators point grimly to where Pakistan stands in South Asia. Children not reaching Bangladesh India Nepal Pakistan Sri grade-5 Lanka (1995-1999) Percentages 30 48 56 50 3 Combined enrolment as a Percentage of total 36 54 61 43 66 (These figures are from a UNDP 1991-2000 report quoted in Human Development in South Asia: Globalization and Human Development 2001 (Karachi: Oxford University Press for Mahbub ul Haq Development Centre, 2002). 20 Pakistan Journal of History & Culture, Vol.XX/III/2, 2002 The Historical Legacy South Asia is an heir to a very ancient tradition of both formal and informal learning. -
Military-Owned Businesses: Corruption & Risk Reform
Background papers | Risk review Military-owned businesses: corruption & risk reform An initial review, with emphasis on exploitation of natural resource assets www.ti-defence.org www.transparency.org.uk Transparency International (TI) is the civil society organisation leading the global fight against corruption. Through more than 90 chapters worldwide and an international secretariat in Berlin, Germany, TI raises awareness of the damaging effects of corruption, and works with partners in government, business and civil society to develop and implement effective measures to tackle it. For more information, please visit www.transparency.org The Defence and Security Programme works with governments, defence companies, multilateral organisations and civil society to build integrity and reduce corruption in defence establishments worldwide. The London-based Defence and Security Programme is led by Transparency International UK. Information on Transparency International’s work in the defence and security sector to date, including background, overviews of current and past projects, and publications, is available at the TI-UK Defence and Security Programme website: www.ti-defence.org While acknowledging the debt TI-UK owes to all those who have contributed to and collaborated in the preparation of this publication, we wish to make it clear that Transparency International UK alone is responsible for its content. Although believed to be accurate at this time, this publication should not be relied on as a full or detailed statement of the subject matter. This publication was made possible thanks to generous support from the UK Department for International Development (DFID). Transparency International UK Defence and Security Programme 32-36 Loman Street London SE1 0EH +44 (0)20 7922 7969 [email protected] First published in January 2012. -
Bugle Yasir.FH10
34th Board of Governors Meeting CONTENTS Editor Naghmana Zafar Bhatti [email protected] 02 Cover Story Karachi Campus 13, National Stadium Road Karachi - Pakistan Tel: 0092-21-9924002, 48503080 04 BU Head Office Fax: 0092-21-99240351 UAN: 0092-21-111-111-028 Email: [email protected] 09 Islamabad Campus Lahore Campus 47-C, Johar Town Lahore - Pakistan 14 BUM&DC Tel: 0092-42-35401408-15 Email: [email protected] Islamabad Campus 16 NCMPR Shangrila Road, Sector E-8 Islamabad - Pakistan Tel: 0092-51-9260002 18 Karachi Campus Fax: 0092-51-9260885 UAN: 0092-51-111-111-028 Email: [email protected] 20 IPP BU Medical & Dental College Adjacent to PNS SHIFA DHA Phase-II, Karachi Tel: 0092-21-9204685-88 22 Library Corner Email: [email protected] Designed & Printed by Yasir Rana 24 Lahore Campus [email protected] facebook.com/officialBU 26 Media Highlights twitter.com/official_bu Cover Story 16th Foundation Day Celebration Bahria University Islamabad Foundation Day, of Bahria University was is celebrated with zeal and enthusiasm on the 8th of February. The celebration were to mark the 16th successful year of the institute ever since it was founded. The day was celebrated with hoisting of the national flag by the revered 16th Bahria Foundation Day at Islamabad Pro-Rector BU, Director General Islamabad Campus Rear Admiral (Retd) Saleem Akhtar HI (M). All the Head of Departments, senior admin personnel, faculty members and students gathered outside Sir Syed Block where Dua was done for the prosperity of Bahria University. After the Dua, honorable Pro-Rector BU addressed the gathering and emphasized on everyone that only with hard work and dedication we have come this far and have delivered education to the youth of Pakistan.