DOCSLIB.ORG

Gender and Migration-Driven Changes in Rural Eastern Romania

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Gender and Migration-Driven Changes in Rural Eastern Romania DOI: 10.1515/irsr-2012-0014 IRSR INTERNATIONAL REVIEW of SOCIAL RESEARCH Volume 2, Issue 2, June 2012, 21-38 International Review of Social Research Gender and Migration-Driven Changes in Rural Eastern Romania. Migrants’ Perspectives Ionela VLASE• University of Bucharest Abstract: The article addresses the largely debated linkages between gender and migration, on the one hand, and the impact of migration on migrants’ society of origin, on the other hand. Based on multi-sited research conducted in a village from Eastern Romania and in Rome (the main destination of the population studied), this paper highlights gender differences in the participation to migration process and in the contribution of migrants to the socio-economic development of their society. Using a qualitative methodology based on semi-structured interviews with migrants and participant observations, the research reveals different meanings that migrants (women and men) invest in their actions (i.e. transfers of ideas, money or durable goods and set-up of small local businesses). This study contributes to the understanding of the gendered contribution of migrants to the economic and socio- cultural transformations of their society of origin. Keywords: gender, migration, economic development, local changes, Italy. I feel accomplished...If I hadn’t had this experience and had not gone abroad, I would have never raised a homelike house in which to lead a decent life, I would have never had this possibility. Wasn’t it for Italy, I would have been a have-not. Going abroad also broadened my horizons. I could see the world as it is, and the world is different from what it is like at home. There I could see how people think, I could see their worldview. When you are a domestic worker in Italy, you spend the time in houses of engineers, doctors, and teachers. Can you understand this, that you do not come upon housewives... I had a hard time coming back •e-mail: [email protected]. Ionela Vlase is a postdoctoral researcher at the Faculty of Sociology and Social Work, University of Bucharest. Aknowledgements: The author wishes to thank two anonymous IRSR referees for their helpful comments. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Annual Conference of the faculty of Sociology and Social Work, University of Bucharest, 27-28 May 2011. Funding This work was supported by the program POSDRU ID 62259: ‘Applied social, human and political sciences. Postdoctoral training and postdoctoral fellowships in social, political and human sciences’ of the University of Bucharest, co-financed by the European Social Fund within the Sectorial Operational Program Human Resources Development 2007–2013. © University of Bucharest, June 2012 22 | IRSR Volume 2, Issue 2, June 2012 to Romania and seeing how people are biased in their reasoning. Malice, gossip...You can’t exchange a word with anybody, because the latter ponders you: why you have this and that...Because people are all pin heads here. (Dora, 34 years old, mother of two children, returned home in 2006 after 11 years in Italy). Migrants’ own assessments regarding Gender, migration and development changes brought by their experience of migration are often overlooked Theoretical considerations by researches dealing with the nexus between migration and development. Gender, understood as a ʻconstitutive As a consequence, some contradictions element of gender is a constitutive are raising from the comparisons element of social relationships based between researchers’ findings, policy on perceived differences between makers’ and migrants’ perspectives as the sexes, and [...] a primary way of actors engaged directly or indirectly in signifying relationships of powerʼ the management of migration process (Scott, 1986: 1067), recently became in order to enhance the benefits of an important analytical category of migration for both destination and many researches in the field of labour origin countries. This paper addresses migration. As shown by Lutz (2010) the need to understand development as and Mahler and Pessar (2006), women a more complex issue, beyond purely have been long-time considered economic indicators, and to take into dependent migrants, following their account the meanings attached to it husbands or fathers abroad, and their by migrants men and women as well. economic role has been made invisible Needless to say, migrants are not a since many women entered the host homogenous group from the point country through the process of family of view of their socio-demographic reunification and not as economic characteristics (gender, age, education migrants. Although in the last four level, ethnic belonging, etc.) and or five decades women become as therefore their aspirations and the numerous as men migrants (Zlotnik, meanings they invest in their actions may 2003), it is only starting with 1980s have different connotations, according that researchers acknowledge that to their various characteristics. This women not only migrate at the same paper addresses especially migrants’ rate as men, but they also undertake gender differences in the study of economic active roles during migration migration-driven changes in the place and thus contribute to the raising of origin. My choice was informed by of living standard of their families the research’s empirical findings, as left behind and to the development well as by the present debates within of their communities of origin the international literature in the field (Sørensen, 2005). Nonetheless, there of migration and development. is little concern within these researches IONELA VLASE Gender and Migration-Driven Changes | 23 regarding the wage differences the changes may be more important between men and women, the gendered in the countries of origin than in the motivations to invest home or the countries of destination, but the depth inequalities between households with and durability of these changes differ preponderantly men migrants abroad depending on the number of migrants, and those with more women labour the duration of migration, and the migrants. characteristics of migrant population. De Haas (2010) offers a helpful Another shortcoming of these overview of researches on migration studies concerning the linkages and development nexus and the between migration and development often contradictory findings of these is that often researchers embrace researches. Some findings suggest different normative assumptions positive effects of migration through about development upon which they remittances on development (e.g. an build their arguments of what should appreciation in the exchange rate, be done in order to achieve a certain support for securing foreign loans, level of development (Bartram, 2010). poverty alleviation, the prospects Dannecker (2009) also points to a of productive investments), while wide shared assumption of migrants’ others highlight the negative effects responsibility toward their societies of remittances (e.g. economic often made by researchers and policy dependency of remittances-receiving makers in this field. Migrants may not countries, conspicuous consumption share (or they might even ignore) the by the recipients of remittances, views of national and supranational rising inequality between households organizations about development. having members abroad and other Likewise, migrants’ achievement of households), according to different personal goals might not be in total theoretical paradigms which informed accordance with local policies aiming social researchers throughout the past to reduce socio-economic inequalities decades. The author rightly argues that that are often considered as hindering the main shortcomings of those studies development (de Haas, 2009). rely on the fact that the researchers consider the migration as an exogenous Prior empirical findings variable of the social change, instead of addressing the migration as an Research findings from a survey endogenous component of social carried out on 1128 households from transformation. Portes (2010) also Philippines with members working concludes that migration is both a abroad (Semyonov and Gorodzeisky, form of change as well as a cause of 2005) show that women and men social transformation, and implicitly choose different destination countries of economic development as an aspect and take on different types of jobs: of broader social changes: Migration women usually work as domestics is, of course, change and it can lead, or care workers in countries from in turn, to further transformations in Eastern Asia, while men work in sending and receiving societies (Portes, manufacturing industries in countries 2010 : 1544). The author also adds that from Middle East and they earn on 24 | IRSR Volume 2, Issue 2, June 2012 average 1.5 more than their women selection in the place of origin. In line counterparts. Taking into account the with Tacoli’s (1999) results, this study larger amounts of remittances sent also reveals that for families in home by men migrants to their families, countries might be more beneficial the authors argue that a great share of to have women members abroad inequalities between the families left due to their likelihood get married in behind in Philippines may be explained Europe. Their families in Thailand by the fact that some families send may enjoy therefore symbolic and more men members abroad, while other material benefits. Suksomboon also families send more women. Migrant highlights the financial contribution women remit on average 45% of their of these
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Case of Romanian Workers in Italy
    Migrating or Commuting? The Case of Romanian Workers in Italy: Niches for Labour Commuting to the EU Florentina Constantin Florentina Constantin holds graduate degrees in Economy and Society from the University of Lancaster and in Sociology from the Central European University, and is at present a PhD student of the Graduate School for Social Research in Warsaw, Poland. Introduction An increase in the number of foreign-born residents has become a widespread phenomenon in Western Europe in the past two decades. Moreover, “in relative terms the largest increases in foreign population stocks were in countries that have traditionally been considered ones of emigration. In four such countries the foreign population more than doubled: Finland (up 218.8 percent to 1992), Italy (161.5 percent)[1], Portugal (131.2 percent) and Spain (124 percent)”.[2] Focusing on the case of Romanian workers in Italy, I intend to challenge the traditional approach towards migration in the European Union. I will argue that, when analysing the situation of Romanian workers, the term “migration” becomes more and more inadequate in addressing the problem of migrant workers in the EU. Instead, I will make use of the more specific term “commuting”, which international organisations and academic literature have previously used to describe short-term labour migration. Short –term labour migrants do not remain in the country for long – “they may come for the day, the week or on a seasonal basis for short periods of time to work either legally on contracts or ‘illegally’ as ‘tourists’” However, simply classifying labour commuting as “short-term migration” would be incorrect, as it does not adequately reflect, in many instances, the longer-term nature of the phenomenon of international “commuting” and also overlooks crucial aspects of the activity and life of persons involved in transnational labour.
    [Show full text]
  • Migration of Roma Population to Italy and Spain
    CHAPTER – ROMA MIGRANTS FROM BULGARIA AND ROMANIA. MIGRATION PATTERNS AND INTEGRATION IN ITALY AND SPAIN 2012 COMPARATIVE REPORT EU INCLUSIVE SUMMARY Immigration trends in Italy and Spain – an overview ........................................................................... 2 Roma migration toward Italy and Spain ............................................................................................. 2 Home country perspective: Roma migrants from Romania and Bulgaria .......................................... 4 Selectivity of Roma migration ....................................................................................................... 7 Patterns of Roma migration ........................................................................................................ 10 Transnationalism of Romanian and Bulgarian Roma in Italy and Spain ......................................... 16 Discussion: Roma inclusion and the challenges which lie ahead...................................................... 18 References ....................................................................................................................................... 19 Immigration trends in Italy and Spain – an overview Italy and Spain, traditionally known as countries of emigration, became by the end of the 1970s countries of immigration (Bonifazi 2000). During the recent decades, these countries have received growing immigrant flows, mostly originating from other European countries, especial from Central and Eastern European countries after the
    [Show full text]
  • The Life and Death of Roma and Sinti in Italy: a Modern Tragedy
    n o t e b o o k ITALY’S BAD EXAMPLE The Life and Death of Roma and Sinti in Italy: A Modern Tragedy Henry Scicluna1 oma have been present in Italy since spite of the fact that they have been living the 15th century, partly as a result of uninterrupted in Italy for several decades.2 migrations from Southeast Europe caused by the expansion of the Ot- It is estimated today that the Romani toman Empire. Romani groups from population in Italy numbers around 140,000. the Ionic and Adriatic coast settled in the south Eighty thousand of them have Italian nationality. R th of Italy, followed in the 16 century by the settle- The recent census shows there are 12,346 Roma ment of Sinti groups from Northern Europe in the living around Rome, Naples and Milan. The north of Italy. Vlax Roma arrived from Moldavia Government estimates that 12,000, mostly and Valacchia in the 19th century. At the end of from Romania, left Italy between the beginning the First World War all Roma in the annexed ter- of June 2008 and October 2008, when the ritories became Italian citizens. government undertook a census.3 Another migration, this time from Croatia and Slovenia, occurred during the Second The Italian perception of Roma and Sinti World War. Starting in the 1960s, there were other waves of migration from Poland, Roma and Sinti in Italy are referred to as “nomads” Hungary and ex-Yugoslavia, particularly after (Nomadi) by both the authorities and the general the disintegration of the latter and the Balkan population, who believe that these communities wars.
    [Show full text]
  • Surveying Romanian Migrants in Italy Before and After the EU Accession: Migration Plans, Labour Market Features and Social Inclusion
    NORFACE MIGRATION Discussion Paper No. 2012-24 Surveying Romanian migrants in Italy before and after the EU Accession: migration plans, labour market features and social inclusion Isilda Mara www.norface-migration.org Wiener Institut für The Vienna Institute Internationale for International Wirtschaftsvergleiche Economic Studies Surveying Romanian migrants in Italy before and after the EU Accession: migration plans, labour market features and social inclusion 1 by Isilda Mara February 2012 Rahlgasse 3 Telefon: (+43-1) 533 66 10 E-Mail: [email protected] A-1060 Vienna Fax: (+43-1) 533 66 10-50 Website: www.wiiw.ac.at 1 This study is part of Tempo project. Financial support from NORFACE research programme on Migration in Europe - Social, Economic, Cultural and Policy Dynamics is acknowledged. The survey was carried out by ISMU, Milano 2011. We are thankful to Stephen Drinkwater and Michal Garapich for the design of the questionnaire and Alessandra Venturini for support, comment and suggestions in designing the questionnaire and finalization of the report. Contents Executive Summary ....................................................................................................... i 1. Introduction and background information ............................................................... 1 2. Methodology .......................................................................................................... 3 a. The sampling and surveying method ....................................................................3 b. The design of the
    [Show full text]
  • Cross-Border Practices and Transnational Identifications Among EU and Third-Country Citizens - Final Report (Pp
    www.ssoar.info Supra-national identification among movers and stayers in Europe Pötzschke, Steffen; Braun, Michael Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Sammelwerksbeitrag / collection article Zur Verfügung gestellt in Kooperation mit / provided in cooperation with: GESIS - Leibniz-Institut für Sozialwissenschaften Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Pötzschke, S., & Braun, M. (2014). Supra-national identification among movers and stayers in Europe. In E. Recchi (Ed.), The Europeanisation of Everyday Life: Cross-Border Practices and Transnational Identifications among EU and Third-Country Citizens - Final Report (pp. 84-113) https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-395189 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Deposit-Lizenz (Keine This document is made available under Deposit Licence (No Weiterverbreitung - keine Bearbeitung) zur Verfügung gestellt. Redistribution - no modifications). We grant a non-exclusive, non- Gewährt wird ein nicht exklusives, nicht übertragbares, transferable, individual and limited right to using this document. persönliches und beschränktes Recht auf Nutzung dieses This document is solely intended for your personal, non- Dokuments. Dieses Dokument ist ausschließlich für commercial use. All of the copies of this documents must retain den persönlichen, nicht-kommerziellen Gebrauch bestimmt. all copyright information and other information regarding legal Auf sämtlichen Kopien dieses Dokuments müssen alle protection. You are not allowed to alter this document in any Urheberrechtshinweise und sonstigen Hinweise auf gesetzlichen way, to copy it for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the Schutz beibehalten werden. Sie dürfen dieses Dokument document in public, to perform, distribute or otherwise use the nicht in irgendeiner Weise abändern, noch dürfen Sie document in public. dieses Dokument für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke By using this particular document, you accept the above-stated vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, aufführen, vertreiben oder conditions of use.
    [Show full text]
  • Labour Mobility Within the EU - the Impact of Enlargement and the Functioning of the Transitional Arrangements
    Labour mobility within the EU - The impact of enlargement and the functioning of the transitional arrangements FINAL REPORT - COUNTRY CASE STUDIES Authors: Dawn Holland1, Tatiana Fic, Ana Rincon-Aznar, Lucy Stokes, Paweł 2 Paluchowski National Institute of Economic and Social Research 2 Dean Trench Street Smith Square London SW1P 3HE United Kingdom This study has been carried out on behalf of the Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion Directorate General of the European Commission (contract VC/2010/1159). The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the European Commission. July 2011 1 Main correspondence author. For all general queries related to this report: [email protected] 2 The authors would like to thank Rachel Whitworth and Aurélie Delannoy for their assistance in the preparation of this report, Ray Barrell for fruitful discussion and Laurent Aujean (European Commission) for detailed comments on a preliminary draft. 1 Labour mobility within the EU The impact of enlargement and the functioning of the transitional arrangements FINAL REPORT - COUNTRY CASE STUDIES This study is commissioned by the European Union Programme for Employment and Social Solidarity - PROGRESS (2007-2013). This programme is implemented by the European Commission. It was established to financially support the implementation of the objectives of the European Union in the employment, social affairs and equal opportunities area, and thereby contribute to the achievement of the Europe 2020 Strategy goals in these fields. The seven-year Programme targets all stakeholders who can help shape the development of appropriate and effective employment and social legislation and policies, across the EU-27, EFTA-EEA and EU candidate and pre-candidate countries.
    [Show full text]
  • The 'Latest' Public Enemy: Romanian Roma in Italy
    Via dell’Osservatorio 39 50141 Firenze Italia web: www.osservazione.org email: [email protected] THE ‘LATEST’ PUBLIC ENEMY: ROMANIAN ROMA IN ITALY The case studies of Milan, Bologna, Rome and Naples DRAFT FINAL REPORT Edited by Nando Sigona Research coordinator: Nando Sigona Research team: Livia Brembilla, Piero Colacicchi, Ulderico Daniele, Lorenzo Monasta, Barbara Pierro, Eva Rizzin, Stefano Montesi and Francesca Saudino 21 January 2008 The research and writing for the report was funded by the OSCE/ODIHR and CPRSI. OsservAzione is a non governmental organisation engaging in a range of activities aimed at combatting anti-Romani racism and human rights abuses against Roma and Sinti in Italy. OsservAzione The ‘latest’ public enemy: Romanian Roma in Italy TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 Background 3 Aims, objectives and methods of research 4 Roma and Sinti in Italy 5 The latest public enemy 7 National press and ‘emergency’ 12 MILAN 16 Introduction 16 Roma and Sinti in Milan 16 The institutions and the politicians 19 Enforcing the decree n.181/2007 21 Local press 21 The Roma and the emergency 23 Summary 27 BOLOGNA 28 Introduction: Roma and Sinti in Bologna 28 Present day 29 Local press: articles from the newspaper “Il Resto del Carlino” 31 The situation in Bologna after 2 November 2007 34 Summary 36 ROMA 37 Rome: economic and social growth model 37 The Roma in Rome 39 Monitoring of local press 40 The institutions and the last Roma emergency 42 The impact on Roma 44 Summary 46 NAPOLI 47 Introduction 47 The situation of the Roma population
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Migration on the Construction of Romania's Country Image: Two
    The Impact of Migration on the Construction of Romania's Country Image: Two Intersecting Public Problemsi Alina Dolea In Romania, the promotion of the country image has been a recurrent topic on the public agenda after the fall of communism in 1989. After 1990, the governmental campaigns, initiatives or slogans meant to promote and communicate Romania to the world generated so many heated and recurrent debates involving a variety of social actors that the country’s image eventually became a public problem relevant to the entire society. After the country joined the European Union these debates about the country’s image started to be closely linked with the increased wave of Romanian migration towards Western Europe. Migrants have become both resource of positive visibility and image crisis for Romania due to their behaviours and actions in the destination countries. In fact, migration itself became a public problem, due to its unprecedented magnitude and socio-political complexity. The two public problems clearly intersected in 2007 when the Romanian government faced an international image crisis after a Romanian migrant in Italy was accused of homicide and the Italian and international media covered the story widely: consequently, in 2008, the Romanian government issued its first government decision to finance a campaign to promote Romania and Romanians in Italy and Spain. This chapter draws a longitudinal analysis of the gradual interconnected construction of Romania’s country image and migration as public problems: it identifies several stages (between 1990 and 2010) when the government played a key role and more recent developments (between 2010 and 2015), when various non-state actors seize the opportunity for increased visibility and instrumentalize the two public problems in brand communication campaigns.
    [Show full text]
  • Children of Romanian Migrants Between “Here” and “There”: Stories of Home Attachment
    Children of Romanian Migrants between “Here” and “There”: Stories of Home Attachment Roxana Bratu¹ ¹ University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology, 9 Schitu Măgureanu Blvd., Sector 5, 010181 – Bucharest, Romania K EYWORDS A BSTRACT By analysing interviews from a larger qualitative study conducted in a Romanian village (Vulturu, Vrancea County) from the South-East region of the country, this paper explores the ways Romanian migrants’ children who were born in the country of origin but migrated to Italy or the so-called 1.5 Generation (Rumbaut 2002; 2012) talk about their ties with the home country. In other words, is Romania presented as more – or something else – than the original homeland? 1.5 Generation The study analyses the concept of home attachment in Home attachment terms of transnationalism understood as affective ties Romanian migration (Huynh and Yiu 2012; Paraschivescu 2011). Based on Transnationalism evidence from interview data a typology of attachment to the home country is outlined and further discussed. The results point to the conclusion that the issue of attachment to the home country is discursively constructed by respondents both explicitly and implicitly by multiple references to the family migration project and their immigrant status at destination. Moreover, I argue that the different types of attachment identified in the interviewees’ discourses are mediated by the subjective assessment of the integration experience into the host country. Introduction A major issue in the broader debate concerning the integration of migrants at destination refers to the extent to which the ‘transnational’ attachments of Contact address: [email protected] (R. Bratu) Social Change Review ▪ Summer 2015 ▪ Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Migration Networks in the OECD Countries
    ISSN 2039-2117 (online) Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences Vol 6 No 2 ISSN 2039-9340 (print) MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy March 2015 Migration Networks in the OECD Countries Wadim Strielkowski Assistant Professor, Department of Marketing Communication and PR, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Smetanovo nabr. 6, 110 01 Praha 1, Prague, Czech Republic Email: [email protected] Emily Welkins Independent Scholar Email: [email protected] Doi:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2p501 Abstract Our paper focuses on the formation and existence of migration networks in the OECD countries. Immigrant networks, or spatial concentration of immigrants from the same region, can be observed in many countries that are net receiver of migration flows. We construct an econometric model for checking for dependency between the number of recent immigrants and the stocks of foreign population at a given country; this is tested against the alternative hypothesis of the dominating influence of economic factors on migration. Using the data from selected OECD countries we find an empirical verification of immigrants’ networking both for the whole volume of foreign immigrants’ inflow and by selected nationalities. Our conclusions show that migration networks exist and are abundant in migration communities in various countries worldwide. Keywords: international migration, networks, econometric model, OECD countries 1. Introduction Human beings live in communities and form even small groups within large communities. To put it into stricter terms they have a tendency to “network”. Also important is the context specificity of the situation in which we are talking about the groups (see Memar et al., 2013). Also it may be noted that that there is a “common interest” that binds them together into a “network”.
    [Show full text]
  • Roma from Romania, Bulgaria, Italy and Spain Between Social Inclusion and Migration
    ROMA FROM ROMANIA, BULGARIA, ITALY AND SPAIN BETWEEN SOCIAL INCLUSION AND MIGRATION EU INCLUSIVE Data transfer and exchange of good practices regarding the inclusion of Roma population between Romania, Bulgaria, Italy and Spain Roma from Romania, Bulgaria, Italy and Spain between Social Inclusion and Migration – Comparative study – Editor: Daniela Tarnovschi Data analysis and interpretation: Ana Maria Preoteasa, PhD., Ionela Vlase PhD. Alexey Pamporov, PhD., Petya Kabakchieva, PhD. Fundación Secretariado Gitano (Employment and International Departments) Pietro Palvarini, PhD. 1 ROMA FROM ROMANIA, BULGARIA, ITALY AND SPAIN BETWEEN SOCIAL INCLUSION AND MIGRATION © 2012 Soros Foundation Romania All rights are reserved to Soros Foundation Romania. Both the publication and parts of it may not be copied without the permission of Soros Foundation Romania. Bucharest, 2012 Soros Foundation Romania 33 Cãderea Bastiliei Street, District 1, Bucharest Telephone: (021) 212.11.01 Fax: (021) 212.10.32 Web: www.soros.ro E-mail: [email protected] Descrierea CIP a Bibliotecii Naþionale a României Roma from Romania, Bulgaria, Italy and Spain between Social Inclusion and Migration: comparative study / Ana Maria Preoteasa, Ionela Vlase, Alexey Pamporov, ... ; editor: Daniela Tarnovschi. - Constanþa : Editura Dobrogea, 2012 Bibliogr. ISBN 978-606-565-047-3 I. Preoteasa, Ana Maria II. Vlase Ionela III. Pamporov, Alexey IV. Tarnovschi, Daniela (editor) 323.1(- 214.58)(498) ISBN 978-606-565-047-3 2 ROMA FROM ROMANIA, BULGARIA, ITALY AND SPAIN BETWEEN SOCIAL INCLUSION
    [Show full text]
  • The Italian Entrepreneurs' Rush Towards Romania
    "European Works" coordinated by Aziliz GOUEZ The Italian entrepreneurs’ Rush towards Romania Lynda DEMATTEO The Italian entrepreneurs’ Rush towards Romania Trails and tales of Gold Fever by Lynda DEMATTEO July 2009 THIS NOTE PRESENTS IN SUMMARY FORM THE ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY PUBLISHED UNDER THE SAME TITLE BY NOTRE EUROPE. Cover photo: timişoara , 2008 © rip hopkins/Agence VU’ Lynda DEMATTEO A researcher at the Laboratoire d’Anthropologie des Institutions et des Organisations Sociales (LAIOS, EHESS-CNRS, Paris), she is the author of a PhD dissertation on the Northern League, published in 2007 by the CNRS publishing house: L’idiotie en politique. Subversion et néo- populisme en Italie [Idiocy in Politics. Subversion and neo-populism in Italy]. She pursues research on the practices and political representations which escape institutionnal frames in contemporary Europe. the italian entrepreneurs’ rush towards romania (synthesis) - 3 Table of contents of the Study I - The “myth of the North-East” or wild capitalism in Europe 1.1 Padania, an anti-nation 1.2 In a league of their own 1.3 The “invisible secession” or the entrepreneurs’ flight to the East 1.4 The thrill of adventure and the lure of profits 1.5 Narrations and counter-narrations in the North-East II – The Rush towards the East 2.1 Genealogy of the Italo-Romanian economic space 2.2 The return of the Italian pioneers 2.3 The Banat, a Romanian El Dorado 2.4 The Italians of Timişoara: a diffracted community III - Globalisation made in Italy 3.1 The effacement of Romanian workers 3.2 The merchandization of women 3.3 Recycling, waste trafficking and “trash regions” 3.4 The bosses’ rebellion 4 - the italian entrepreneurs’ rush towards romania (synthesis) As early as the end of the 1980s, quite a few Italian entrepreneurs made the gamble of setting up in Romania.
    [Show full text]