Opel 1900Cc Engines: Tuning & Vacuum Notes
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Bentley Mulsanne Turbo and Turbo R Turbocharging System
Bentley Mulsanne Turbo and Turbo R Turbocharging System Extracts from Workshop Manuals TSD4400, TSD 4700, TSD4737 Basic Principles of Operation – Systems with Solex 4A-1 Carburettor The turbocharger is fitted to increase the power, and especially the low engine speed torque, of the engine. This it achieved by utilising the exhaust gas flow to pump pressurised air into the engine at wide throttle openings. Whenever this occurs, the turbocharger applies boost to the induction system. Under most conditions, the motor runs under naturally-aspirated principles. The inlet manifold may be under partial vacuum but the pressure chest partially pressurised under conditions of moderate power demand. The size of the turbocharger has been carefully chosen to give a substantial increase in torque at low engine speeds. The turbocharger is especially effective from 800rpm, with the engine achieving full torque at less than 1800RPM. Thus, maximum engine torque is available constantly between 1800RPM and 3800 RPM. By comparison to most turbocharging systems, the turbocharger capacity may appear decidedly oversized. This selection is intentional, and is fundamental to the achievement of full engine torque at low engine speeds and the absence of any noticeable delay when boost is demanded. It also minimises heating of exhaust gases by ensuring minimal resistance to gas flow under boost conditions. Furthermore, the design has been carefully chosen to avoid the need for the turbocharger to accelerate on demand, a feature commonly referred to as spool-up. By using a large turbocharger running but unloaded when not under demand, spool-up is not a phenomenon in the system. -
Multi Engine Systems
Nice Air Operation Procedure PA-34 Seneca 1 Multi engine systems PA 34-200 Seneca Engine Make : Avco Lycoming Model: Right Engine LIO-360 C1E6(turning counter clockwise from the cockpit) Left Engine IO-360 C1E6 Type: • 4 cylinders • Horizontally opposed • Normally aspirated(No turbo charge) • Air cooled (Engine oil and fuel helps cooling) • Direct drive(Propeller is attached to the crank shaft directly without any reduction gear or trans- mission) • Fuel injected Horsepower: 200 BHP Alternate air: Working as a carburetor heat. Heated air around exhaust manifold is directed through the alternate air source. RPM drops slightly when it is open. Cowl flap: Manually operated. There are three positions; open, half and closed. Propeller Make: Hartzell Model: Type: Constant speed, full feathering propeller What is a constant speed prop? The propeller which maintains the RPM selected by propeller control lever constant regardless of air- plane’s pitch attitude or throttle position within some range. The advantage of a constant speed prop. The pilot can select the most efficient blade angle for each phases of operation. By selecting low pitch/ high RPM, you can get maximum power for takeoff. By selecting high pitch/low RPM, you can fly faster at low RPM and you can save the fuel for cruise. How does it work? When the airplane rise it’s nose, it start climb. As it climb, airspeed goes down. The RPM is also going Copy Right Nice Air 2575 Robert Fowler Way, San Jose, CA 95148 Phone(408)729-3383 Nice Air Operation Procedure PA-34 Seneca 2 down due to increasing drag on the blade. -
Year in Review 2015 Facts & Figures Opel Mokka X
YEAR IN REVIEW 2015 FACTS & FIGURES OPEL MOKKA X More information about Opel: Weitere Informationen über Opel: opel.com opel.de For media: Für Journalisten: media.opel.com media.opel.de Social Media: https://www.facebook.com/Opel https://www.youtube.com/opel http://twitter.com/opel http://instagram.com/opelofficial https://plus.google.com/+Opel https://www.facebook.com/OpelDE https://www.youtube.com/opelde http://twitter.com/opelDE http://twitter.com/KT_Neumann/@ KT_Neumann http://www.opel-blog.com/ If you have any questions, please contact: Bei Fragen wenden Sie sich bitte an: Nico Schmidt +49 61 42 77 83 25 [email protected] Alexander Bazio +49 61 42 77 29 14 [email protected] Rainer Rohrbach +49 61 42 77 28 22 [email protected] This document was produced by Opel Corporate Communications, February 2016 Dieses Dokument wurde produziert von Opel Corporate Communications, Februar 2016 Layout | Gestaltung: www.designkultur-wiesbaden.de INDEX INHALT AT A GLANCE – 2015 5 ÜBERBLICK – 2015 5 CHAPTER I: COMPANY KAPITEL I: DAS UNTERNEHMEN Management Board 7 Geschäftsführung 7 Heritage 8 Geschichte 10 Innovations 12 Innovationen 15 Awards 17 Auszeichnungen 18 Opel Locations in Europe 20 Opel-Standorte in Europa 20 CHAPTER II: VEHICLES & TECHNOLOGIES KAPITEL II: FAHRZEUGE & TECHNOLOGIEN Vehicles 23 Fahrzeuge 23 Technologies 34 Technologien 34 CHAPTER III: PRODUCTION KAPITEL III: PRODUKTION Production by Country and Plant 36 Produktion nach Ländern und Werken 36 Vehicle Production by Model 37 Fahrzeugproduktion nach Modellen -
Your Vacuum Gauge Is Your Friend
WRENCHIN’ @ RANDOM YOUR VACUUM GAUGE IS YOUR FRIEND Two Essential Diagnostic Tools No Hot Rodder Should Be Without, and How to Use Them Marlan Davis hI’ve been answering read- ers’ Pit Stop tech questions for decades, explaining how to improve performance, troubleshoot pesky problems, or recommend a better combina- tion. Yet rarely do any of these problem- solving requests include information on the problem combo’s vacuum reading. That’s unfor- tunate, as [Above: Two essential diagnostic tools no hot rodder should be with- vacuum out, from left: a Mityvac handheld can tell vacuum pump for testing vacuum you a heck of a lot about an consumers (some models will even engine’s condition, without the aid in brake bleeding), and a large, easy-to-read vacuum gauge like need to invest in a bunch of this one by OTC (this model also high-tech diagnostic tools. includes a pressure gauge for even So what’s the deal on more test possibilities). vacuum? Consider an internal- [Left: Knowing how to use a combustion engine as basically vacuum gauge is the key to a giant air pump that operates diagnosing many performance under the principles of pres- problems. It aids in tuning your sure differential. The difference motor to the tip of the pyramid. It even helps diagnose problems not between normal atmospheric seemingly engine-related, such as pressure (14.7 psi at sea level a weak power-brake system. Add at standard temperature and one to your toolbox today. pressure) and how hard this “pump” sucks under various engine-management system). -
Fuel Injection Vs. Carburetor
Fuel Injection Vs. Carburetor Advantages and disadvantages of the two fuel supply systems a1'e analyzed. Carburetor-icing bugaboo n/,ay have been overemphasized tain a proper mixture, it is necessary to vary the now Incussiongeneralcurrentlyaviation oncirclesthe subjectthere is ofconsiderablethe merits dis•of of fuel with r.p.m. and with buttertly opening. This fuel injection, The general aviation public has evi• means a linkage of the fuel injector pump with an dently seized on fuel injection as a very desirable im• engine gear, as well as a connection with the buttertly provement over the carburetor, The public, along with through the throttle. All of this gets a little compli• some members of industry, often has a tendency to• cated, requires extra mechanism and fairly high pres• wards overemphasizing the value of a departure from sure. the standard, without due knowledge or consideration The carburetor, in which fuel is mixed with ail' simply of the facts. Frequently, after the various factors be• by the suction of air tlowing through the venturi, re• come apparent, the advantages of the previous stand• quires only a minimum of fuel pressure, and is about ard bring it back into public favor. This may well be as simple and trouble-free an arrangement as could be the case in the present controversy of fuel injection devised. versus the carbu retor, The advantages of the fuel injector are: My own preference, after having carefully investi• (Continued Oil p"ge .50) gated both types of fuel metering systems, is for the carburetor, at least on aircraft up to and including those of the complexity of the Aztec, and on the types of engines that are used in these models. -
Principles of an Internal Combustion Engine
Principles of an Internal Combustion Engine Course No: M03-046 Credit: 3 PDH Elie Tawil, P.E., LEED AP Continuing Education and Development, Inc. 22 Stonewall Court Woodcliff Lake, NJ 076 77 P: (877) 322-5800 [email protected] Chapter 2 Principles of an Internal Combustion Engine Topics 1.0.0 Internal Combustion Engine 2.0.0 Engines Classification 3.0.0 Engine Measurements and Performance Overview As a Construction Mechanic (CM), you are concerned with conducting various adjustments to vehicles and equipment, repairing and replacing their worn out broken parts, and ensuring that they are serviced properly and inspected regularly. To perform these duties competently, you must fully understand the operation and function of the various components of an internal combustion engine. This makes your job of diagnosing and correcting troubles much easier, which in turn saves time, effort, and money. This chapter discusses the theory and operation of an internal combustion engine and the various terms associated with them. Objectives When you have completed this chapter, you will be able to do the following: 1. Understand the principles of operation, the different classifications, and the measurements and performance standards of an internal combustion engine. 2. Identify the series of events, as they occur, in a gasoline engine. 3. Identify the series of events, as they occur in a diesel engine. 4. Understand the differences between a four-stroke cycle engine and a two-stroke cycle engine. 5. Recognize the differences in the types, cylinder arrangements, and valve arrangements of internal combustion engines. 6. Identify the terms, engine measurements, and performance standards of an internal combustion engine. -
GO-480, IGO-480, GSO-480 and IGSO-480 Series OperatorS Manual Lycoming Part Number: 60297-14
Operators Manual Lycoming GO-480, IGO-480, GSO-480 and IGSO-480 Series Approved by FAA 3rd Edition Part No. 60297-14 July 2008 652 Oliver Street Williamsport, PA. 17701 U.S.A. 570/323-6181 GO-480, IGO-480, GSO-480 and IGSO-480 Series Operators Manual Lycoming Part Number: 60297-14 ©2008 by Lycoming. All rights reserved. Lycoming and Powered by Lycoming are trademarks or registered trademarks of Lycoming. Lycoming Engines, a division of AVCO Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Textron Inc. All brand and product names referenced in this publication are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. For additional information: Mailing address: Lycoming Engines 652 Oliver Street Williamsport, PA 17701 U.S.A. Phone: Factory: 570-323-6181 Sales Department: 570-327-7268 Fax: 570-327-7101 Lycomings regular business hours are Monday through Friday from 8:00 AM through 5:00 PM Eastern Time (-5 GMT) Visit us on the World Wide Web at: http://www.lycoming.com LYCOMING OPERATORS MANUAL ATTENTION OWNERS, OPERATORS, AND MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL This operators manual contains a description of the engine, its specifications, and detailed information on how to operate and maintain it. Such maintenance procedures that may be required in conjunction with periodic inspections are also included. This manual is intended for use by owners, pilots and maintenance personnel responsible for care of Lycoming powered aircraft. Modifications and repair procedures are contained in Lycoming overhaul manuals; maintenance personnel should refer to these for such procedures. SAFETY WARNING Neglecting to follow the operating instructions and to carry out periodic maintenance procedures can result in poor engine performance and power loss. -
Sept October 2010.Pub
30th Volume 30, Issue 5 Se Anniversary The BIG Blitz Index OMCOMC Blitz President’sIndex 1985-2010 Message Inside this issue: ptember/October 2010Inside this issue: 1985-2010 Welcome to the Opel Motorsport Club THE OPEL MOTORSPORT CLUB IS CELEBRATING ITS 30TH YEAR OF DEDICATION TO THE PRESERVATION AND APPRECIATION OF ALL GERMAN OPELS, WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON MODELS IMPORTED INTO THE UNITED STATES. WE ARE HEADQUARTERED IN THE LOS ANGELES AREA, AND HAVE CHAPTERS ACROSS THE COUNTRY, IN EUROPE AND IN CANADA. MEMBERSHIP BENEFITS INCLUDE SUBSCRIPTION TO OUR NEWSLETTER, THE BLITZ, LISTINGS FOR PARTS AND SERVICE SUPPLIERS, BLITZ INDEX AND TECH TIP INDEX (1985-DATE), FREE CLASSIFIED ADS (3 PER YEAR), CLUB ITEMS, OWNER SUPPORT AND ACTIVITIES, INCLUDING MEETINGS AND OUR ANNUAL PICNIC AND CAR SHOW. The Club Regional Chapters The Blitz TO APPLY FOR MEMBERSHIP European Chapter (Netherlands) SEND EVENT INFORMATION, TECH CONTACT: Contact Louis van Steen: (011 31) 297 340 TIPS, PARTS INFORMATION, LETTERS, OMC TREASURER, c/o Dick Counsil 536 (please take note of the time zone CHAPTER ACTIVITY ANNOUNCEMENTS, 3824 Franklin Street before calling), fast60gt (at) yahoo.com ADVERTISEMENTS AND ALL OTHER ITEMS OF INTEREST TO: La Crescenta, CA 91214-1607 Florida Chapter (Coral Gables, FL) Opel BLITZ Editor Contact John Malone: 305-443-8513 P.O Box 4004 MEMBERSHIP DUES: Michigan Chapter Sonora, CA 95370-4004 USA Regular: $45 Annually via Checks and Contact John Brooks: 616-233-9050 ext 12 Deadline: (At Discretion of OMC Editor) Money Orders (US funds only, made payable to Opel Motorsport Club) or $47 Johncinquo (at) hotmail.com. -
Dz185zero OPERATOR's MANUAL 2
DZ185zero OPERATOR'S MANUAL 2. Please check and retighten propeller locknut periodically. Tappets Adjustment Bore 35mm Plug Cap Screw 3. Select a propeller that will allow the engine to run at a maximum of 1. Tappet clearance is pre-set at the factory. 136.5 Stroke 31.8mm 119.4 between 6,000 to 8,000 RPM. 2. Clearance adjustment may need after one hour of running time due Weight 965g ( Engine, Plug) 4. We recommend sizes 19x11, 20x10.5, 20.5x10. Other propeller FIG 1 100g ( Ignition Box) to initial wear. After adjustment, tappet clearance should be checked Displacement 30.6cc sizes may be used as long as the correct RPM range is maintained. during normal maintenance after every 10 hours of running to main Practical rpm 1,000~9,000rpm tain maximum performance. High Speed Needle Valve Adjustment 3. Clearance adjustment should be done when the engine is cool. 57 58 68.6 1. An electric starter is mandatory for this engine. 4. The proper clearance setting is between 0mm (0.000”) and 0.1mm Battery(4.8~8.4V) Switch 2. Turning the needle valve clockwise leans the mixture. Turning it (0.004”). The adjustment is achieved by loosening the locknut Red couner-clockwise richens the mixture. A good starting position for the (“Fig.2”) and turning the adjustment screw. The engine must be at high speed needle valve is 1 and 1/2 turns open from the fully closed top dead center on the compression stroke before any adjustments 63 25 14 postion. are made. This engine runs best with the valves set at a tight Ignition Box Red Black 3. -
Entdecken Sie Den Opel GT
Entdecken Sie den Opel GT. Eine einmalige Kombination aus kraftvollem, dynamischem Design und unwiderstehlichem Fahrerlebnis. Entdecke Opel. Am Anfang ganz die Unschuld. Ein Blick. Eine Berührung. Aber dann lockte das Abenteuer. Es wurde zur … brennenden Leidenschaft. Deine charismatische Ausstrahlung. Dein Verlangen nach Freiheit. Deine Lust auf Spontaneität und Intuition. Bis an die Spitze mit deiner starken Leistung. Dein rasantes Tempo raubt mir den Atem. Verführt, verfallen und voller Ungeduld ... Fasziniert von deiner Lebensfreude. Verzaubert von deinen starken Linien und unwiderstehlichen Kurven. Hingerissen von deinem Bewegungsdrang. Grenzenloses Fahrvergnügen. Dein Körper startbereit, alle Blicke auf sich ziehend. Faszinierend, kraftvoll, berauschend … Deine Einladung zu Fahrspaß pur. Mit dir eins mit der Straße. Dein Sinn für Harmonie. Perfekte Technik. Perfektes Handling. Maßgeschneidert für ein optimales Zusammenspiel ... Deine Leidenschaft für Leistung. 2.0 Turbo ECOTEC®. Beim Antriebs aggregat des neuen Opel GT kommt ein ganzes Paket von Hightech-Maßnahmen zum Einsatz: Neben Benzindirekteinspritzung und doppelter Nockenwellenverstellung ist vor allem der zweiflutige Turbolader für die impulsive Leistungsentfaltung verantwortlich, der Druckaufbau beginnt bereits ab 1.400 U/min. So stehen bei Bedarf in kürzester Zeit 194 kW (264 PS) und ein massives Dreh moment von 353 Nm zwischen 2.500 und 5.000 U/min. zur Verfügung, die den Opel GT in nur 6,3 s auf 100 km/h und eine Höchstgeschwindigkeit von 229 km/h beschleunigen – bei einem Durchschnittsverbrauch, der mit 9,2 l/100 km im erfreulichen Kontrast zu den gebotenen Leistungen steht. 25 Motorisierung &Fahrdynamik Motorisierung Klassisches Antriebskonzept. Mit Einzelradaufhängung rundum. Frontmotor und Heckantrieb verkörpert Doppelte Dreiecksquerlenker aus ge- der neue Opel GT das klassische Roadster- schmiedetem Aluminium werden im Renn- Konzept. -
Measurement of Vehicle Contamination by Exhaust Gases
HE 3-U HT<? DEPARTMENT 18. r OP I TRANSPORTATION A34. MAY 5 1972 NO. *T NO. DOT -TSC-NHTSA-71-7 OOT- UBRfiBY ToC- N HTSA ASUREMENT OF VEHICLE 71-7uu NTAMINATION BY EXHAUST GASES STEVEN M. MATHEWS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS CENTER 55 BROADWAY > CAMBRIDGE, MA. 02142 OCTOBER 1, 1971 FINAL REPORT Availability is Unlimited. Document may be Released To the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22151, for Sale to the Public. Prepared for DEPARTMENT. OF TRANSPORTATION NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON, D. C. 20590 The contents of this report reflect the views of the Transportation Systems Center which is responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policy of the Department of Transportation. This report does not constitute a standard, specification or regulation. TMl'ISPORTATION HJ fl3<* MAY 5 1972 T TRPfittV 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. DOT-TSC-NHTSA-7 1-7 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Measurement of Vehicle Contamination October 1, 1971 by Exhaust Gases 6. Performing Organization Code TIM 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Steven M. Mathews 10. 9. Performing Organization Name and Address Work Unit No. Transportation Systems Center HS-201 55 Broadway 11. Contract or Grant No. Cambridge, MA 02142 13. Type of Report and Period Covered 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address National Highway Traffic Safety Final Report Administration U.S. Department of Transportation 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Washington, D.C. 20591 15. Supplementary Notes 16. -
GENERAL INFORMATION on These Vehicles, the Engine Management System Is Considered Part of the Emission Control System. the Majo
GENERAL INFORMATION On these vehicles, the engine management system is considered part of the emission control system. The major components include the carburetor(s), feedback control system, the air injection system, a throttle control system and the EGR system. The system consists of sensors and switches that feed information to the Electronic Control Unit (ECU), which will then operate several solenoid valves to maintain the ideal air/fuel ratio under all conditions. As useful as the tests found in this section are, the first step in repair or service to engine management systems is still to gain as much information as possible about the problem; when and under what conditions it occurs. At highway speed? At idle only? Only under heavy load or hard acceleration? Wet weather? Defining the problem will eliminate many systems from consideration and possibly point to the affected system. Before diving into an extended electrical diagnosis, take the time to review the basics. Check every vacuum line for cracks or leaks. Check every electrical connector for corrosion or loose pins. Quite often, simply unplugging and reconnecting a connector will break up corrosion on the pins and restore the circuit. Watch out for poor grounds, particularly if the car has experienced major bodywork. COMPONENT TESTING carbureted Accords Related Air Injection System The purpose of this system is to supply oxygen to the exhaust stream at a point in the exhaust manifold that is hot enough to burn off some of the hydrocarbon emissions. The main component is an air suction valve. The valve is spring loaded to stay closed, with engine vacuum supplied to a diaphragm that reduces the spring pressure and allows the reeds to open.