L TITLE: Study of LAN and Understand the Design and Various Component
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Assignment Name Of Assignment Page No. No. 1. Design a HTML page for taking sales order of various 3 items of some company. 2. Develop a simple Web based application. Use client-side 6 and server-side scripting 3 Write a simple shopping cart application in PHP. 4 Write a program for database connectivity using PHP and SQL 5 Write a program in C to implement an ECHO server, 8 using Socket programming with both TCP and ASSIGNMENTUDP protocols. NO.: l 6 Study of LAN and understand the design and 10 various components. 7 TITLE:Study Study any of protocol LAN analyzerand understand software tothe learn design and and 13 usevarious its important components. features. 8 To learn and understand Linux Network configurations 16 DATE:and commands. 9. REMARK:Installation and configuration of Apache Server. 27 10. Create a DTD for a catalog of cars. 30 11. To learn and understand Windows 2003 server and its 34 associated domain operations, to configure RAS and DHCP, to add users and computers to a domain 12. Write an "Internet Update" program using Internet 39 Transfer Control 17 Annex B: Revision Record 51 Reviewed By: Approved By: MR HOD 0 1 AIM: Study of LAN and understand the design and various component OBJECTIVE: 1)Learn how to setup a LAN 2)Learn how to use LAN cards, UTP cables and connectors. 3)Test network by using PING command THEORY: A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated devices that share a common communications line or wireless link and typically share the resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area (for example, within an office building). Usually, the server has applications and data storage that are shared in common by multiple computer users. A local area network may serve as few as two or three users (for example, in a home network) or as many as thousands of users (for example, in an FDDI network). LAN Topologies: LAN topologies define the manner in which network devices are organized. Four common LAN topologies exist: bus, ring, star, and tree. These topologies are logical architectures, but the actual devices need not be physically organized in these configurations. Logical bus and ring topologies, for example, are commonly organized physically as a star. A bus topology is a linear LAN architecture in which transmissions from network stations propagate the length of the medium and are received by all other stations. Of the three most widely used LAN implementations, Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 networks—including 100BaseT—implement a bus topology, which is illustrated in Figure 1.1. Figure 1.1 Some Networks Implement a Local Bus Topology A ring topology is a LAN architecture that consists of a series of devices connected to one another by unidirectional transmission links to form a single closed loop. Both Token Ring/IEEE 802.5 and FDDI networks implement a ring topology. Figure 1.2 depicts a logical ring topology. Figure 1.2 Some Networks Implement a Logical Ring Topology 2 A star topology is a LAN architecture in which the endpoints on a network are connected to a common central hub, or switch, by dedicated links. Logical bus and ring topologies are often implemented physically in a star topology, which is illustrated in Figure 1.3. A tree topology is a LAN architecture that is identical to the bus topology, except that branches with multiple nodes are possible in this case. Figure 1.3 illustrates a logical tree topology. Figure 1.3 A Logical Tree Topology Can Contain Multiple Nodes LAN Devices: Devices commonly used in LANs include repeaters, hubs, LAN extenders, bridges, LAN switches, and routers. CONCLUSION: Thus we studied LAN and how to set up LAN. 3 ASSIGNMENT NO.: 2 TITLE: Study any protocol analyzer software to learn and use its important features DATE: REMARK: 4 AIM: Study any protocol analyzer software to learn and use its important features. OBJECTIVE: Examine TCP/IP and non-TCP/IP protocols and capture them using protocol analyzer software. THEORY: Protocol analyzers capture conversations between two or more systems or devices. A protocol analyzer not only captures the traffic, it also decodes (interprets) the traffic. Decoding allows you to view the conversation in English, as opposed to binary language. A sophisticated protocol analyzer will also provide statistics and trend information on the captured traffic. Protocol analyzers provide information about the traffic flow on your LAN, from which you can view device-specific information. Unlike SNMP-based management consoles, protocol analyzers are device independent. A protocol analyzer is the only tool that shows you exactly what is happening, with respect to traffic flow on your LAN. Once a problem is isolated and recorded, there can be no denying which vendor, or which system is the cause.For example, if your TCP/IP sessions are "hanging", a protocol analyzer can show which system sent the last packet, and which system failed to respond. If you are experiencing slow screen updates, a protocol analyzer can display delta time stamps and show which system is waiting for packets, and which system is slow to respond. In an NT environment, a protocol analyzer can show runaway traffic (broadcast or multicast storms) and its origin, system errors and retries, and whether a station is sending, trying to send, or only seeming to communicate. You will get information that is otherwise unavailable, which results in more efficient troubleshooting and better LAN health. As with all other communications protocol, TCP/IP is composed of layers: IP - is responsible for moving packet of data from node to node. IP forwards each packet based on a four byte destination address (the IP number). The Internet authorities assign ranges of numbers to different organizations. The organizations assign groups of their numbers to departments. IP operates on gateway machines that move data from department to organization to region and then around the world. TCP - is responsible for verifying the correct delivery of data from client to server. Data can be lost in the intermediate network. TCP adds support to detect errors or lost data and to trigger retransmission until the data is correctly and completely received. Sockets - is a name given to the package of subroutines that provide access to TCP/IP on most systems. CONCLUSION: Thus we studied protocol analyzer software and its features. 5 ASSIGNMENT NO.: 3 TITLE: Write a program in C to implement an ECHO server, using Socket programming with both TCP and UDP protocols. DATE: REMARK: 6 AIM: Write a program in C to implement an ECHO server, using Socket programming with both TCP and UDP protocols. OBJECTIVE: Learn Socket programming. THEORY: Simple TCP/IP echo server Function This program demonstrates a simple TCP/IP server. It will accept a connection from a client application, receive one line of text, echo that line back to the client and close the connection. Programming Issues This program illustrates the classic process for a TCP/IP server program. Summarised, it is as follows: Create a socket with a call to socket() Create and initialize a socket address strucure with the IP address set to INADDR_ANY (the server will listen on any IP address) and the port to whichever one you wish to use. Call bind() to bind the socket address to the socket. Call listen() to indicate that this is a passive socket, that we want to accept incoming requests rather than make outgoing ones. Enter a loop in which we: 1. Call accept() to wait for an incoming connection 2. Service the request on our new connection 3. close() our connection, and continue the loop to wait for a new one Note that it's present form, the server enters an infinite loop and has no mechanism for closing itself. We have to use a command such as kill to terminate it. CONCLUSION: Thus we studied socket programming in C. 7 ASSIGNMENT NO.: 1 TITLE: Design a HTML page for taking sales order of various items of some company. DATE: REMARK: 8 AIM: Design a HTML page for taking sales order of various items of some company. The page should display company name with its logo. The buyer will provide his/her name, address and desired quantity against each item shown along with unit price in a table and select desired payment mode by selecting appropriate option button, the form will also have two command buttons- OK and CANCEL for the user to select. OBJECTIVE: 1) Learn basics of HTML 2) Learn basics of ASP. THEORY: What is an HTML File? HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language An HTML file is a text file containing small markup tags The markup tags tell the Web browser how to display the page An HTML file must have an htm or html file extension An HTML file can be created using a simple text editor Do You Want to Try It? If you are running Windows, start Notepad. If you are on a Mac start SimpleText. In OSX start TextEdit and change the following preferences: Select (in the preferences window) "Plain text" instead of "Rich text" and then select "Ignore rich text commands in HTML files". This is very important because if you don't do this HTML codes probably won't work. Type in the following text: <html> <head> <title>Title of page</title> </head> <body> This is my first homepage. <b>This text is bold</b> </body> </html> Save the file as "mypage.htm". Start your Internet browser. Select "Open" (or "Open Page") in the File menu of your browser. A dialog box will appear.