DOCSLIB.ORG

Guilda De Flores De Óleo Do Parque Nacional Do Catimbau: Fenologia, Polinização E Sistema Reprodutivo

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Guilda De Flores De Óleo Do Parque Nacional Do Catimbau: Fenologia, Polinização E Sistema Reprodutivo ELISANGELA LUCIA DE SANTANA BEZERRA GUILDA DE FLORES DE ÓLEO DO PARQUE NACIONAL DO CATIMBAU: FENOLOGIA, POLINIZAÇÃO E SISTEMA REPRODUTIVO RECIFE - PE 2008 ELISANGELA LUCIA DE SANTANA BEZERRA GUILDA DE FLORES DE ÓLEO DO PARQUE NACIONAL DO CATIMBAU: FENOLOGIA, POLINIZAÇÃO E SISTEMA REPRODUTIVO Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biologia Vegetal da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, como parte dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do título de Doutor em Biologia Vegetal. Orientadora: Isabel Cristina Sobreira Machado Professora Titular do Departamento de Botânica/ Universidade Federal de Pernambuco RECIFE - PE 2008 ii Bezerra, Elisangela Lucia de Santana Guilda de flores de óleo do Parque Nacional do Catimbau: fenologia, polinização e sistema reprodutivo / Elisangela Lúcia de Santana Bezerra. – Recife: O Autor, 2008. 173 folhas : il., fig., tab. Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. CCB. Biologia Vegetal, 2008. Inclui bibliografia e anexos 1.Biologia floral 2. Malpighiaceae 3. Flores I. Título. 581.46 CDU (2.ed.) UFPE 582.13 CDD (22.ed.) CCB – 2009-144 iii iv DEDICATÓRIA Aos três homens da minha vida: Jamesson, meu amado esposo, cujo apoio foi fundamental para a realização desta Tese; Jamesson Filho e André Felipe, meus queridos filhos, por sua paciência e compreensão durante minha ausência v AGRADECIMENTOS Quero aqui expressar meus sinceros agradecimentos a todos àqueles que contribuíram direta ou indiretamente para a realização desta tese, especialmente: A Deus, por conceder a todos nós uma Natureza tão exuberante; Ao meu marido, Jamesson, pelo apoio incondicional, sendo pai e também mãe de nossos filhos durante minhas viagens ao campo; pela acolhida no regresso; pelo estímulo e paciência, principalmente nos momentos finais desta tese; Aos meus pais, Joé e Josefa, minhas irmãs Socorro e Glaucineide, meus cunhados, Fred e Edimilson, meus sobrinhos e a todos os familiares, pelo amor e apoio constante em todos os momentos; A minha orientadora, Isabel Machado, pelos importantes ensinamentos e exemplo de profissionalismo, pelo apoio e amizade constantes; A Ariadna Lopes, pela sua atenção, estímulo e sugestões; A todos os professores do PPGBV, que contribuíram para ampliar meus horizontes de conhecimento; Aos meus grandes amigos Emerson Lucena, Tarcila Nadia e Kelaine Demétrio, pelas fotografias obtidas, ajuda no campo e nos testes estatísticos e por compartilhar momentos de descontração que aliviavam o calor a exaustão do trabalho de campo; Aos colegas Marcos Meiado, Paulo Millet, Carlos Eduiardo e Ayrton Carvalho, pela companhia e carona ao campo; A todos os colegas do Laboratório Polinizar; Aos funcionários do PPGBV, em especial a Hildebrando Manoel da Silva; vi A Josefa Elsina, pela acolhida e cuidados dispensados durante todos estes anos de pesquisa no PARNA Catimbau; A Cícero Silva, pela companhia e ajuda na coleta das abelhas e a Genivaldo Silva e Edvaldo Siqueira, pelas indicações das trilhas percorridas e pontos de observação; Aos Srs. Cícero Coelho, Edvar Coelho, Jurandir e Cirilo, pela permição para realização do trabalho de campo em suas propriedades; Às Dras. Maria Cândina Mamede (IBOT/SP) e Rita Pereira (IPA/PE), pela identificação taxonômica das espécies vegetais; Ao Dr. Fernando Zanella (UFCG), pela identificação dos Centridini; Ao IBAMA, pela concessão da licença de pesquisa no PARNA Catimbau, especialmente a Francisco Araújo e Damásio Novaes, chefes da Unidade; A CAPES, pela bolsa concedida para realização desta pesquisa. vii ÍNDICE APRESENTAÇÃO.................................................................................................................1 FUNDAMENTAÇÃO TEÓRICA ..........................................................................................3 Uma nova síndrome de polinização .....................................................................................3 Flores de óleo e elaióforos: distribuição nas Angiospermas ................................................4 Caracterização das flores de óleo .......................................................................................5 Polinizadores, estruturas especializadas e comportamento de coleta ...................................7 Características e uso dos óleos florais.................................................................................8 Estudo das flores de óleo e seus polinizadores em ecossistemas brasileiros: uma visão panorâmica .........................................................................................................................9 Considerações finais ......................................................................................................... 11 REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS .................................................................................. 11 CAPÍTULO 1 ....................................................................................................................... 21 Resumo ............................................................................................................................. 22 Introdução ......................................................................................................................... 23 Material e métodos ............................................................................................................ 24 Resultados ......................................................................................................................... 26 Discussão .......................................................................................................................... 30 Referências Bibliográficas ................................................................................................. 33 Lista de figuras .................................................................................................................. 41 CAPÍTULO 2 ....................................................................................................................... 56 RESUMO .......................................................................................................................... 57 INTRODUÇÃO ................................................................................................................ 58 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS ............................................................................................... 59 RESULTADOS DISCUSSÃO .......................................................................................... 61 LITERATURA CITADA .................................................................................................. 70 LISTA DE FIGURAS ....................................................................................................... 80 CAPÍTULO 3 ....................................................................................................................... 91 Resumo ............................................................................................................................. 93 Material e métodos ............................................................................................................ 94 Resultados ......................................................................................................................... 97 Discussão .......................................................................................................................... 98 Referências bibliográficas ............................................................................................... 101 viii CAPÍTULO 4 ..................................................................................................................... 120 Resumo ........................................................................................................................... 122 Introdução ....................................................................................................................... 122 Material e métodos .......................................................................................................... 123 Resultados ....................................................................................................................... 125 Discussão ........................................................................................................................ 127 Referências ..................................................................................................................... 130 CAPÍTULO 5 ..................................................................................................................... 140 Resumo ........................................................................................................................... 141 Introdução ....................................................................................................................... 142 Material e métodos .......................................................................................................... 142 Resultados ....................................................................................................................... 144 Discussão ........................................................................................................................ 145 Referências bibliográficas ............................................................................................... 148 CONCLUSÕES GERAIS ................................................................................................... 156 RESUMO GERAL ............................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • DISSERTAÇÃO Influênciaaztec
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas Departamento de Biodiversidade, Evolução e Meio Ambiente Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Biomas Tropicais INFLUÊNCIA DE Azteca chartifex (FORMICIDAE) NA MICROBIOTA FOLIAR DE Byrsonima sericea Aluno: Marília Romão Bitar de Brito Orientador: Sérvio Pontes Ribeiro Co-orientador: Leandro Marcio Moreira Ouro Preto/MG Maio 2019 1 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas Departamento de Biodiversidade, Evolução e Meio Ambiente Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Biomas Tropicais INFLUÊNCIA DE AZTECA CHARTIFEX (FORMICIDAE) NA MICROBIOTA FOLIAR DE BYRSONIMA SERICEA Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Biomas Tropicais da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto como requisito para obtenção de título de Mestre em Ecologia. Ouro Preto/MG Maio 2019 2 B624i Bitar, Marília. Influência de Azteca chartifex (Formicidae) na Microbiota Foliar de Byrsonima sericea [manuscrito] / Marília Bitar. - 2019. 40f.: il.: color; grafs; tabs. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Sérvio Pontes Ribeiro. Coorientador: Prof. Dr. Leandro Moreira. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas. Departamento de Biodiversidade, Evolução e Meio Ambiente. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Biomas Tropicais . CDU: 595.796 Catalogação: www.sisbin.ufop.br 3 stério da Edução Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Prograina de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Biomas Tropicais ICEB - Campus — Morro do Cruzeiro Ouro Preto — MG - CEP 35.400-000 Fone: (031)3559-1747 E-mail: biomas ufo .edu.br “Influência de Azteca chartifex na microbiota foliar de Byrsonima sericea.” Autora: Marília Romão Bitar de Brito Dissertação defendida e aprovada, em 20 de maio de 2019, pela banca examinadora constituida pelos professores: Professor r.Sérvio ontes Ribeiro Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Forest Fragmentation on Bottom-Up Control in Leaf-Cuttings Ants
    Effects of forest fragmentation on bottom-up control in leaf-cuttings ants Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades Fachbereich Biologie Technische Universität Kaiserslautern vorgelegt von M.Sc. Pille Urbas Kaiserslautern, Dezember 2004 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Burkhard Büdel 2. Gutachter: PD Dr. Jürgen Kusch Vorsitzender der Prüfungskommission: Prof. Dr. Matthias Hahn ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank my family for always being there; Joachim Gerhold who gave me great support and Jutta, Klaus and Markus Gerhold who decided to provide me with a second family; my supervisors Rainer Wirth, Burkhard Büdel and the department of Botany, University of Kaiserslautern for integrating me into the department and providing for such an interesting subject and the infrastructure to successfully work on it; the co-operators at the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil - Inara Leal and Marcelo Tabarelli - for their assistance and interchange during my time overseas; the following students for the co-operatation in collecting and analysing data for some aspects of this study: Manoel Araújo (LAI and LCA leaf harvest), Ùrsula Costa (localization and size measurements of LCA colonies), Poliana Falcão (LCA diet breadth) and Nicole Meyer (tree density and DBH). Conservation International do Brasil, Centro de Estudos Ambientais do Nordeste and Usina Serra Grande for providing infrastructure during the field work; Marcia Nascimento, Lourinalda Silva and Lothar Bieber (UFPE) for sharing their laboratory, equipment and knowledge for chemical analyses; Jose Roberto Trigo (University of Campinas) for providing some special chemicals; my friends in Brazil Reisla Oliveira, Olivier Darrault, Cindy Garneau, Leonhard Krause, Edvaldo Florentino, Marcondes Oliveira and Alexandre Grillo for supporting me in a foreign land.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
    1 • I / i PROCEEDINGS AMERICAN ACADEMY ARTS AND SCIENCES. NEW SERIES. Vol. IX. WHOLE SERIES. Vol. XVII. FROM JUNE, 1881, TO JUNE, 1882. SELECTED FROM THE RECORDS. BOSTON: UNIVERSITY PRESS: JOHN WILSON AND SON. 1882. X fi^ CONTENTS. PAQE I. Contributions from the Chemical Laboratory of Harvard College. By Josiah Parsons Cooke 1 II. On the Spectrum of Arsenic. By Oliver W. Huntington 35 III. Thermoelectricity. — Peltier and Thomson Effects. By Charles Bingham Penrose 39 IV. Thermoelectric Line of Copper and Nickel below 0°. By Charles Bingham Penrose 47 V. Crystalline Form of Cryolite. By W. H. Melville ... 55 VI. Researches on the Complex Inorganic Acids. Phospho-molyb- dates. By Wolcott Gibbs, M.D . 62 VII. An Indirect Determination of Chlorine and Bromine by Elec- trolysis. By' Leonard P. Kixnicutt 91 VIII. Contributions from the Chemical Laboratory of Harvard Col- lege. By Charles F. Mabery 94 "^ IX. On Certain Substances obtainedfrom Turmeric. — I. Curcumin. By C. Loring Jackson and A. E. Menke 110 X. Contributions from the Chemical Laboratory of Harvard Col- lege. By Henry B. Hill 125 XI. XV. — Simple Method for Calibrating T'hermometers. By Silas W. Holman 157 XII. Contributions to North American Botany. By Asa Gray . 163 XIII. The Wedge Photometer. By Edward C. Pickering . 231 XIV. On the Color and the Pattern of Insects. By Dr. II. A. Hagen 234 IV CONTENTS. PAGE XV. On Telephoning over long Distances or through Cables. By N. D. C. Hodges 268 XVI. On the Young Stages of some Osseous Fishes. With Plates. By Alexander Agassiz 271 XVII. XVI.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards Resolving Lamiales Relationships
    Schäferhoff et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2010, 10:352 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/10/352 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Towards resolving Lamiales relationships: insights from rapidly evolving chloroplast sequences Bastian Schäferhoff1*, Andreas Fleischmann2, Eberhard Fischer3, Dirk C Albach4, Thomas Borsch5, Günther Heubl2, Kai F Müller1 Abstract Background: In the large angiosperm order Lamiales, a diverse array of highly specialized life strategies such as carnivory, parasitism, epiphytism, and desiccation tolerance occur, and some lineages possess drastically accelerated DNA substitutional rates or miniaturized genomes. However, understanding the evolution of these phenomena in the order, and clarifying borders of and relationships among lamialean families, has been hindered by largely unresolved trees in the past. Results: Our analysis of the rapidly evolving trnK/matK, trnL-F and rps16 chloroplast regions enabled us to infer more precise phylogenetic hypotheses for the Lamiales. Relationships among the nine first-branching families in the Lamiales tree are now resolved with very strong support. Subsequent to Plocospermataceae, a clade consisting of Carlemanniaceae plus Oleaceae branches, followed by Tetrachondraceae and a newly inferred clade composed of Gesneriaceae plus Calceolariaceae, which is also supported by morphological characters. Plantaginaceae (incl. Gratioleae) and Scrophulariaceae are well separated in the backbone grade; Lamiaceae and Verbenaceae appear in distant clades, while the recently described Linderniaceae are confirmed to be monophyletic and in an isolated position. Conclusions: Confidence about deep nodes of the Lamiales tree is an important step towards understanding the evolutionary diversification of a major clade of flowering plants. The degree of resolution obtained here now provides a first opportunity to discuss the evolution of morphological and biochemical traits in Lamiales.
    [Show full text]
  • Record of Leptoglossus Cinctus (Hemiptera: Coreidae)
    Brazilian Journal of Biology http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.08216 ISSN 1519-6984 (Print) Notes and Comments ISSN 1678-4375 (Online) Record of Leptoglossus cinctus (Hemiptera: Coreidae) associated with the native tree Byrsonima sericea (Malpighiaceae) and the cashew tree Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae) I. M. M. Limaa, L. V. Nascimentoa, J. V. L. Firminoa*, J. A. M. Fernandesb, J. Graziac, A. C. M. Malhadoa and R. P. Lyra-Lemosd aInstituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas – UFAL, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Cidade Universitária, CEP 57072-970, Maceió, AL, Brazil bInstituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará – UFPA, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 1, Guamá, CEP 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil cInstituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Campus do Vale, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil dInstituto do Meio Ambiente do Estado de Alagoas – IMA, Av. Major Cícero de Góes Monteiro, 2197, Mutange, CEP 57017-515, Maceió, AL, Brazil *e-mail: [email protected] Received: June 6, 2016 – Accepted: August 20, 2016 – Distributed: February 28, 2018 Coreids of the genus Leptoglossus Guérin (Coreinae) Also, voucher specimens, seven adults were collected comprise a large group of phytophagous insects that are from the leaves and fruits of Anacardium tree (Anacardiaceae) characterized by dilated posterior tibiae in the form of a leaf in the border area of other Atlantic Forest fragment, – the so-called leaf-footed bugs. They are widely distributed municipality of Paripueira (09°27.5’S and 35°33.3’W). across the Americas, ranging from southern Canada to Chile Insects were collected manually and with beating trays and Argentina (Schaefer et al., 2008).
    [Show full text]
  • 35. ORCHIDACEAE/SCAPHYGLOTTIS 301 PSYGMORCHIS Dods
    35. ORCHIDACEAE/SCAPHYGLOTTIS 301 PSYGMORCHIS Dods. & Dressl. each segment, usually only the uppermost persisting, linear, 5-25 cm long, 1.5-4.5 mm broad, obscurely emar- Psygmorchis pusilla (L.) Dods. & Dressl., Phytologia ginate at apex. Inflorescences single flowers or more com- 24:288. 1972 monly few-flowered fascicles or abbreviated, few-flowered Oncidium pusillum (L.) Reichb.f. racemes, borne at apex of stems; flowers white, 3.5-4.5 Dwarf epiphyte, to 8 cm tall; pseudobulbs lacking. Leaves mm long; sepals 3-4.5 mm long, 1-2 mm wide; petals as ± dense, spreading like a fan, equitant, ± linear, 2-6 cm long as sepals, 0.5-1 mm wide; lip 3.5-5 mm long, 2-3.5 long, to 1 cm wide. Inflorescences 1-6 from base of mm wide, entire or obscurely trilobate; column narrowly leaves, about equaling leaves, consisting of long scapes, winged. Fruits oblong-elliptic, ca 1 cm long (including the apices with several acute, strongly compressed, im- the long narrowly tapered base), ca 2 mm wide. Croat bricating sheaths; flowers produced in succession from 8079. axils of sheaths; flowers 2-2.5 cm long; sepals free, Common in the forest, usually high in trees. Flowers spreading, bright yellow, keeled and apiculate, the dorsal in the early dry season (December to March), especially sepal ca 5 mm long, nearly as wide, the lateral sepals in January and February. The fruits mature in the middle 4-5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, hidden by lateral lobes to late dry season. of lip; petals to 8 mm long and 4 mm wide, bright yellow Confused with S.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Characteristics of Two Phenotypically Identical Species of Asteraceae Based on the Intergenic Spacer Trnt(UGU)-Trnl(UAA)
    BIODIVERSITAS ISSN: 1412-033X Volume 21, Number 11, November 2020 E-ISSN: 2085-4722 Pages: 5164-5169 DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d211122 Molecular characteristics of two phenotypically identical species of Asteraceae based on the intergenic spacer trnT(UGU)-trnL(UAA) AGUS HERY SUSANTO, MURNI DWIATI, SALSABILA PRATIWI Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Jl. dr. Suparno 63, Purwokerto Utara, Banyumas 53122, Central Java, Indonesia. Tel./fax. +62-281-638794, email: [email protected] Manuscript received: 20 June 2020. Revision accepted: 14 October 2020. Abstract. Susanto AH, Dwiati M, Pratiwi S. 2020. Molecular characteristics of two phenotypically identical species of Asteraceae based on the intergenic spacer trnT(UGU)-trnL(UAA). Biodiversitas 21: 5164-5169. Ogiera (Eleutheranthera ruderalis) and nodeweed (Synedrella nodiflora) are two different weed species belonging to the family Asteraceae commonly found in tropical regions. At a glance, both species show highly identical morphology, thus leading to difficulty in distinguishing between them. Therefore, molecular data based on particular markers are required. Here, we use an intergenic spacer (IGS) in the cpDNA, i.e., trnT(UGU)-trnL(UAA), as the molecular marker to reveal the difference between the two species. A pair of PCR universal primers, i.e., B48557 as the forward primer and A49291 as the reverse primer, were employed to amplify the marker. Sequence alignment was performed by the use of ClustalW implemented in Bioedit version 7.0.4.1. The results revealed that some differences with respect to both indel and base substitution were observed. Overall, this led to longer IGS trnT(UGU)-trnL(UAA) sequences of E.
    [Show full text]
  • Biosaintifika 11 (3) (2019) 393-399 Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education
    Biosaintifika 11 (3) (2019) 393-399 Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/biosaintifika Genetic Difference between Two Phenotypically Similar Members of Asteraceae By the Use of Intergenic Spacer atpB – rbcL Agus Hery Susanto, Murni Dwiati DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v11i3.22137 Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia History Article Abstract Submitted 9 October 2019 Two Asteraceae species, i.e. Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn and Eleutheranthea ru- Revised 28 November 2019 deralis (Swartz) Sch.-Bpi. are phenotypically similar with each other, although Accepted 9 December 2019 some differences in morphological and anatomical traits are apparently observable. Molecular comparison using particular marker is required to support a phenotype- Keywords based study that previously reported. Chloroplast DNA marker, . atpB – rbcL IGS, Eleutheranthea ruderalis (Swartz) was used to identify genetic difference between both species. Six samples of the Sch.-Bpi.; atpB–rbcL IGS; respective species were collected randomly from some places in Banyumas Regency, Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn Central Java, Indonesia. Amplification of the marker was performed employing a pair of universal primers. Sequence alignment on the PCR products showed that no difference in atpB – rbcL IGS sequences, either within S. nodiflora or E. ruderalis samples was observed. On the other hands, several deletions and base substitution in both S. nodiflora and E. ruderalis were detected when alignment was made between both species. This result suggests that they reveal a convincing genetic difference. Inspite of no direct correlation between this genetic and some visible phenotypic differences, this finding provides preliminary scientific background on the pheno- typic traits of both species, which are often difficult to find at a rapid observation.
    [Show full text]
  • BOTÁNICA Anatomía De Las Maderas De Las Malpighiaceae Acta Científica Venezolana, 57 (2): 49-58, 2006
    49BOTÁNICA Anatomía de las maderas de las Malpighiaceae Acta Científica Venezolana, 57 (2): 49-58, 2006 ANATOMÍA DE LA MADERA DE 17 ESPECIES DE LA FAMILIA MALPIGHIACEAE JUSS León H., Williams J. Laboratorio de Anatomía de Maderas. Departamento de Botánica. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales. Universidad de Los Andes. Mérida, Venezuela. Recibido: 11-10-2005 RESUMEN. Se presenta el estudio anatómico de la madera de 17 especies leñosas de la familia Malpighiaceae: Banisteriopsis acapulcensis, Bunchosia argentea, B. mollis, Byrsonima aerugo, B. arthropoda, B. chalcophylla, B. chrysophylla, B. coriacea, B. crassifolia, B. densa, B. frondosa, B. japurensis, B. ligustrifolia, B. rugosa, B. spicata, B. stipulacea y Malpighia glabra. Entre especies de un mismo género se observa una estructura homogénea; pero entre géneros existen diferencias en cuanto a tipo de parénquima, platinas de perforación, fibras septadas y ubicación de cristales. La presencia de células radiales perforadas y cristales en las fibras se reporta por primera vez para la familia Malpighiaceae. El desarrollo de platinas de perforación foraminadas se observó en, aproximadamente, el 70% de las especies estudiadas del género Byrsonima; siendo reportadas por primera vez para las especies Byrsonima aerugo, B. chalcophylla, B. crassifolia, B. densa, B. japurensis, B. ligustrifolia y B. spicata. Palabras clave: Malpighiaceae, anatomía de maderas, células radiales perforadas, platinas foraminadas, cristales, filogenía. WOOD ANATOMY OF 17 SPECIES FROM MALPIGHIACEAE JUSS FAMILY ABSTRACT. This paper deals about the wood anatomy of 17 woody species from Malpighiaceae family: Banisteriopsis acapulcensis, Bunchosia argentea, B. mollis, Byrsonima aerugo, B. arthropoda, B. chalcophylla, B. chrysophylla, B. coriacea, B. crassifolia, B. densa, B.
    [Show full text]
  • Flora Digital De La Selva Explicación Etimológica De Las Plantas De La
    Flora Digital De la Selva Organización para Estudios Tropicales Explicación Etimológica de las Plantas de La Selva J. González A Abarema: El nombre del género tiene su origen probablemente en el nombre vernáculo de Abarema filamentosa (Benth) Pittier, en América del Sur. Fam. Fabaceae. Abbreviata: Pequeña (Stemmadenia abbreviata/Apocynaceae). Abelmoschus: El nombre del género tiene su origen en la palabra árabe “abu-l-mosk”, que significa “padre del almizcle”, debido al olor característico de sus semillas. Fam. Malvaceae. Abruptum: Abrupto, que termina de manera brusca (Hymenophyllum abruptum/Hymenophyllaceae). Abscissum: Cortado o aserrado abruptamente, aludiendo en éste caso a los márgenes de las frondes (Asplenium abscissum/Aspleniaceae). Abuta: El nombre del género tiene su origen en el nombre vernáculo de Abuta rufescens Aubl., en La Guayana Francesa. Fam. Menispermaceae. Acacia: El nombre del género se deriva de la palabra griega acacie, de ace o acis, que significa “punta aguda”, aludiendo a las espinas que son típicas en las plantas del género. Fam. Fabaceae. Acalypha: El nombre del género se deriva de la palabra griega akalephes, un nombre antiguo usado para un tipo de ortiga, y que Carlos Linneo utilizó por la semejanza que poseen el follaje de ambas plantas. Fam. Euphorbiaceae. Acanthaceae: El nombre de la familia tiene su origen en el género Acanthus L., que en griego (acantho) significa espina. Acapulcensis: El nombre del epíteto alude a que la planta es originaria, o se publicó con material procedente de Acapulco, México (Eugenia acapulcensis/Myrtaceae). Achariaceae: El nombre de la familia tiene su origen en el género Acharia Thunb., que a su vez se deriva de las palabras griegas a- (negación), charis (gracia); “que no tiene gracia, desagradable”.
    [Show full text]
  • Heads Up: Evolution of Exaggerated Head Length in the Minute Litter Bug Genus Nannocoris Reuter (Hemiptera: Schizopteridae)
    Organisms Diversity & Evolution (2018) 18:211–224 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-018-0361-y ORIGINAL ARTICLE Heads up: evolution of exaggerated head length in the minute litter bug genus Nannocoris Reuter (Hemiptera: Schizopteridae) Sarah Frankenberg1 & Christy Hoong1 & Alexander Knyshov1 & Christiane Weirauch1 Received: 10 September 2017 /Accepted: 19 February 2018 /Published online: 12 March 2018 # Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik 2018 Abstract Evolutionary biologists have long been intrigued by exaggerated morphologies tied to sexual or natural selection. In insects, relatively few studies have investigated the evolution of such traits at the genus level and above and have used comparative phylogenetic methods to do so. We here investigate the interspecific evolution of head length in the minute litter bug genus Nannocoris Reuter based on the first phylogenetic hypothesis of the group (25 ingroup species, five gene regions, 3409 bp) and ancestral state reconstruction. Head lengths in this speciose genus range from approximately one sixth of the total body length to more than a quarter of the body length, while the head and mouthpart (rostrum) lengths are correlated. Different species therefore possess a markedly different reach of the rostrum when extended. The analyses show that head length evolution in Nannocoris is plastic, with head length elongations and reductions occurring in several clades, derived from ancestors with moderately elongated heads. Evidence is provided that exaggerated head lengths evolved through elongation of either the genal (pricei group) or the tip (arimensis group) region of the head. The biology of species in the genus Nannocoris is unknown, but given the lack of sexual dimorphism of head lengths, we speculate that head evolution in this genus may be driven by natural selection, potentially in the context of prey capture.
    [Show full text]
  • Long-Term Morphological Stasis Maintained by a Plant–Pollinator Mutualism
    Long-term morphological stasis maintained by a plant–pollinator mutualism Charles C. Davisa,1, Hanno Schaefera,b, Zhenxiang Xia, David A. Baumc, Michael J. Donoghued,1, and Luke J. Harmone aDepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; bDepartment of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, D-85354 Freising, Germany; cDepartment of Botany, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706; dDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520; and eDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844 Contributed by Michael J. Donoghue, February 27, 2014 (sent for review April 28, 2012) Many major branches in the Tree of Life are marked by stereotyped Neotropical representatives that produce floral oils and are vis- body plans that have been maintained over long periods of time. ited by these three oil-collecting bee tribes. None of them, One possible explanation for this stasis is that there are genetic or however, are as diverse as Malpighiaceae, which are also the developmental constraints that restrict the origin of novel body oldest of the seven oil-bee–pollinated clades (17). plans. An alternative is that basic body plans are potentially quite Malpighiaceae provide a natural test of the role of intrinsic labile, but are actively maintained by natural selection. We present versus extrinsic factors in generating morphological stasis; this is evidence that the conserved floral morphology of a species-rich particularly relevant in the context of Anderson’s earlier hy- flowering plant clade, Malpighiaceae, has been actively main- pothesis outlined above, but also more generally in the context of tained for tens of millions of years via stabilizing selection imposed developmental constraints that have been hypothesized to limit by their specialist New World oil-bee pollinators.
    [Show full text]