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NMS Round 16 Eng.Indd U.S. Department of State Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration NATIONAL MONITORING SYSTEM REPORT ON THE SITUATION OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS March 2020 Cover and internal cover page photos: Nataliia fled from Horlivka to Kharkiv in 2014. A special needs teacher by profession, she opened two children's education and entertainment centres in Kharkiv. Nataliia was supported within the IOM economic empowerment programme. © Volodymyr Shuvayev/IОМ This publication was produced with funding from the U.S. Department of State Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM). The views and opinions contained in this publication do not necessarily reflect the position of the PRM, and the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The designations employed and the presentation of material on the maps used in this report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IOM concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The project is funded by the U.S. Department of State Bureau of Popula on, Refugees, and Migra on, and implemented by the U.S. Department of State Bureau Interna onal Organiza on for Migra on (IOM) of Population, Refugees, and Migration CONTENT LIST OF ACRONYMS . 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . 5 • Key fi ndings . 6 OVERVIEW OF ROUND 16 METHODOLOGY . 8 1. CHARACTERISTICS OF IDPs AND THEIR HOUSEHOLDS . 9 • IDP household members . 9 • Sex and age structure . 9 • IDPs with disabili es . 10 2. LABOUR MARKET SITUATION OF IDPs . 11 • Employment rates . 11 • Unemployment rates . 12 • Labour rights viola on . 14 3. FINANCIAL SITUATION AND BASIC NEEDS . 15 • Livelihood opportuni es . 15 • Housing . 19 • Housing programmes . 19 • Major issues . 21 • Suspension of social payments . 22 • Safety of the environment and infrastructure . 24 4. ACCESS TO SOCIAL SERVICES . 25 5. IDP MOBILITY . 26 • Displacement . 26 • Inten ons to return . 26 6. INTEGRATION INTO LOCAL COMMUNITIES . 28 • Integra on rates . 28 • Discrimina on . 30 7. RETURNEES TO THE NON-GOVERNMENT CONTROLLED AREAS . 31 8. ANNEXES . 35 March 2020 3 The project is funded by the U.S. Department of State Bureau of Popula on, Refugees, U.S. Department and Migra on, and implemented by the of State Bureau of Population, Refugees, Interna onal Organiza on for Migra on (IOM) and Migration LIST OF ACRONYMS DTM – Displacement Tracking Matrix FGD – focus group discussion GCA – government-controlled areas GoU – Government of Ukraine IDPs – internally displaced persons IMF – Interna onal Monetary Fund IOM – Interna onal Organiza on for Migra on KI – key informant MoSP – Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine NGCA – non-government controlled areas NMS – Na onal Monitoring System Report on the Situa on of Internally Displaced Persons SSSU – State Sta s cs Service of Ukraine 4 NATIONAL MONITORING SYSTEM REPORT ON THE SITUATION OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS The project is funded by the U.S. Department of State Bureau of Popula on, Refugees, and Migra on, and implemented by the U.S. Department of State Bureau Interna onal Organiza on for Migra on (IOM) of Population, Refugees, and Migration EXECUTIVE SUMMARY According to the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine, tered in the western oblasts of Ukraine characterized in April 2020, there were 1,446,881 people regis- by the high level of external labour migra on accord- tered as internally displaced persons (IDPs), that is ing to the State Sta s cs Service of Ukraine1,2: Lviv individuals who have le their homes and moved to 11,032, Ivano-Frankivsk 3,806, Zakarpa a 3,336, a diff erent area and/or region of Ukraine. Almost half Rivne 3,041, Ternopil 2,132, Volyn 3,073, Chernivtsi of the registered IDPs se led in government-con- trolled areas (GCA) of Donetsk Oblast (510,764) and 2,442, Khmelnytskyi 6,493 respec vely. Luhansk Oblast (280,437). Areas with the highest shares of IDPs located further away from the men- 1 External Labour Migra on. The State Sta s cs Service of oned oblasts included the city of Kyiv (159,533) Ukraine. 2017. h p://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/ and Kyiv Oblast (62,901), Kharkiv Oblast (134,100), Arhiv_u/11/Arch_ztm.htm 2 Migra on in Ukraine: Facts and Figures. IOM. 2019. IOM. Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (71,171) and Zaporizhia h ps://iom.org.ua/sites/default/fi les/iom-ukraine_facts- Oblast (56,017). More than 35,000 IDPs are regis- eng_2019.pdf KYIV CITY 159,533 VOLYN CHERNIHIV 3,073 SUMY RIVNE 7,286 3,041 11,193 ZHYTOMYR 7,047 LVIV KYIV 11,032 KHARKIV KHMELNYTSKYI POLTAVA 62,901 134,100 TERNOPIL 6,493 22,505 CHERKASY LUHANSK 2,132 10,803 280,437 VINNYTSIA IVANO- FRANKIVSK 11,181 DNIPRO ZAKARPATTIA 3,806 3,336 KIROVOHRAD 71,171 6,505 DONETSK CHERNIVTSI 2,442 510,764 ZAPORIZHIA MYKOLAIV 56,017 ODESA 8,255 37,487 KHERSON TOTAL NUMBER 14,341 OF REGISTERED IDPS IN UKRAINE 1,446 881 ACCORDING TO THE MINISTRY OF SOCIAL POLICY AS OF 13 APRIL 2020 March 2020 5 The project is funded by the U.S. Department of State Bureau of Popula on, Refugees, U.S. Department and Migra on, and implemented by the of State Bureau of Population, Refugees, Interna onal Organiza on for Migra on (IOM) and Migration In 2016, IOM began conduc ng a regular com plex ment opportuni es dropped from 73 per cent to survey of the situa on with IDPs in Ukraine – the 64 per cent compared to the third quarter of 2019. Na onal Monitoring System (NMS) to support all Amid the economic decline3,4, a deteriora on of the government and non-government stakeholders IDPs’ fi nancial situa on was evidenced by the de- in designing evidence-based policies and program- crease in the average monthly income per one IDP ma c responses on IDPs. household member compared to the third quarter of 2019 (from UAH 3,631 to UAH 3,289). The NMS annually reaches more than 15,000 con- fl ict-aff ected persons across all 24 oblasts of Ukraine, NGCA returnees face diffi cul es related to their including IDPs residing in government-controlled ar- safety (16%), access to medicines (14%) and health eas (GCA), those who have returned to the non-gov- care (12%). ernment controlled areas (NGCA) and other groups. As in the previous rounds, the NMS data presented The survey collects informa on on the diff erent as- in this report constantly demonstrate that a great pects of IDPs’ lives: fi nancial situa on, employment, majority of IDPs stay in host communi es. The vul- needs, mobility, and their integra on into the local nerability of IDPs is heightened during periods of communi es. The NMS methodology ensures data economic instability and other crises, when their collec on using both quan ta ve and qualita ve livelihood opportuni es decrease, thus lowering research methods including face-to-face and tel- the chance for sustainable integra on in host com- ephone sample surveys, focus group discussions muni es. At the same me, IDPs who would like to (FGDs) as well as other relevant data sources. return home cannot do it due to the ongoing confl ict. The data collec on process within the NMS Moreover, the COVID-19-related restric ons impact Round 16 was carried out in February–March 2020 the possibili es to cross the contact line and prevent mainly in the pre-quaran ne period. Within this IDPs from visi ng the previous places of residence Round, 2,413 IDPs were mostly reached through to maintain them or visit and support their rela ves. face-to-face interviews and addi onal 3,685 (in- cluding NGCA returnees) were surveyed with a telephone-based tool. Five focus group discussions Key fi ndings (FGDs) were held with the key informants (KIs), Labour market situa on. The employment rate of IDPs and NGCA returnees. IDPs did not change signifi cantly since the third quar- The results of the analysis reveal that the main con- ter of 2019. In the period of January–March 2020, di ons for successful integra on indicated by IDPs the share of employed IDPs totalled 46 per cent were access to housing, regular income, and em- among those interviewed. Among the total popula- ployment. The availability of housing as the key in- on of Ukraine aged 15–70, the level of employment tegra on factor was stressed by key informants dur- was 58 per cent5. The employment rate of IDPs aged ing the FGDs. The survey revealed that the share of those who reported spending savings increased by 10 per cent compared to the previous round. Along 3 Interna onal Monetary Fund (IMF), Ukraine (Gross domes c product; Gross domes c product per capita). with deteriora ng fi nancial situa on, lack of hous- h ps://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ /weo/2020/01/ ing remained the biggest issue indicated by the re- weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2014&ey=2021&scsm= spondents. The need to cover housing rent consid- 1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=79&pr1. y=15&c=926&s=NGDP_RPCH%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPRPPPP erably burdened IDPs. Forty-two (42%) per cent of CPCH&grp=0&a=#download the respondents reported having changed their ac- 4 Analysis of the Dra State Budget for 2020 (Submission commoda on at least once within the current se le- of 15 September 2019). Centre for Economic Strategy. ment, mainly due to high ren ng costs (51 per cent). h ps://ces.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/%D0% 91%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%82-%D0%B During February–March 2020, the employment 7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_ rate among IDPs remained unvaried since the third fi nal-007-1.pdf quarter of 2019.
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