IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -, Walgak - , - – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

Initial Rapid Needs Assessment: Motot – Uror County, Walgak – Akobo County, Waat – Nyirol County in Northern

15 - 17 February 2014

Executive summary

This inter-agency Rapid Needs Assessment was conducted from the 15 – 17th February, 2014 in Mwot Tot (Uror County), Walgak (Akobo County) and Waat (Nyirol County) Jonglei State. The assessment team comprised of OCHA (team leader), WASH (Oxfam), IOM (ES/NFIs), Nutrition/Heath (Tearfund), WFP (FSL) and Protection (Non Violent Peace Force). The team spent two days on the ground to conduct the assessment along the border of Uror, Nyirol and Akobo counties. As a part of the assessment, the team meet with RRC and county authorities who were briefed about the mission. Assessment findings consisted of group meetings, one-on-one meetings with key informants and physical observations.

According to the local RRC, Relief and Rehabilitation Commission, there are currently 1,136 IDP households in Mwot Tot (Motot), 7,500 IDP households in Walgak and 1,947 IDP households in Waat. Previous IDPs in the region, prior to the assessment, were originally from Bor and Malakal. However, recent conflict in Gadiang has caused displacement throughout Uror County, the second largest county in Jonglei State. A security assessment undertaken by UNDSS and OCHA on Friday confirmed that , the capital of Uror, had emptied. Most people have walked to Motot, and beyond to Waat, others are travelling through the bush, heading further into the heart of Uror, Nyirol and Akobo counties to areas deemed safe. Frequent movement of small groups was observed throughout the assessment, providing continued instability to the humanitarian situation throughout the region. While the area is currently calm the situation remains tense with anticipation that there may be continued displacement in these key areas.

Immediate humanitarian intervention identified in the assessment include: Food, Nutrition (management of MAM & SAM cases), Health and WASH. Partners have begun to respond in NFI support in Waat, based on previous assessments. This assessment provides the basis for immediate response in the areas mentioned above.

This IRNA Report is a product of Inter-Agency Assessment mission conducted and information compiled based on the inputs provided by partners on the ground including; government authorities, affected communities/IDPs and agencies.

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IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

Situation Overview: Displacement from Bor and Malakal due to fighting in December and recently further displacement within Uror County, due to fighting in Gadiang, has created a stressed situation among host communities and IDPs, as populations continue to move to areas further into Uror, Nyirol and Akobo to areas deemed safe. There are real and urgent humanitarian needs within the Nuer dominated counties of Uror, Nyirol and Akobo West & East, including supplies of Food, Nutrition, Health, NFIs and access to Water. Previously poor harvests and the strain of IDPs assimilating into host communities, food stores are being exhausted, many fear now that there may be severe food insecurity in the coming months, adding to that there is an increase in the outbreak of disease and limited drugs in the region. Urgent response is needed in the coming months as most areas of Uror County will be inaccessible via road or fixed wing aircraft by the end of May and at the height of the rainy season.

Map Drivers of Crisis and underlying factors Violence, which began with events on 15th December, 2013, in , quickly reached Bor and displaced over 76,000 citizens to neighbouring counties. Yuai, the county capital of Uror, was a key area of convergence for IDPs fleeing on-going conflict in Bor and Malakal. Some 17,000 IDPs were recorded in mid-January, however more have arrived since those figures were released (and many have gone to other Payams and have assimilated with the host populations). Recent attacks on Gadiang have caused further displacement for both IDPs and host communities in Yuai and throughout Uror County. Displaced populations have moved toward Motot, and Site population – (IDP information beyond to Waat, others are travelling through the bush, heading provided by local RRC) further into the heart of Uror, Nyirol and Akobo counties, to areas deemed safe. Gadiang is highly strategic and can be seen as a Mwot Tot (Motot): 1,136 HH IDPs defensive priority, roads from Gadiang lead directly to Yuai and Walgak: 7,500 HH IDPs Waat. Rumours of advancement of SPLA could cause further Waat: 1,947 HH IDPs disruption to the populations in Uror, Nyirol and Akobo counties.

Scope of crisis and humanitarian profile The RRC in all 3 locations indicated that initially the IDPs had been hosted in central locations such as schools, centres etc but they had since been moved into the host community. In many cases this is relatively easy because despite them coming from Bor or Malakal, most had families in Central Jonglei. This has placed significant strain on the host community as in all four locations food and water points have been exhausted. The attack on Gadiang, despite the urging of the Nuer prophet to remain calm and not move, has meant that many to the south west of Waat have started moving east.

In Motot, Walgak, Waat and on the connecting road we spoke to many IDPs, all of whom were moving east. All said they were moving because of the fighting at Gadiang. Their destination depended on the walking ability of the family, potential hosts

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IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

(generally family and friends) along the way, the availability of food, water and shelter and the security in that location. Some Key Response Priorities were planning on staying in Waat or Walgak but many mentioned Akobo as their eventual destination and one family said they were FSL: going to Ethiopia. However there were some staying put in their • Provision HEBs to populations still current locations who felt that security was sufficient enough for displacing in central locations (Waat). now for them to remain in that place. In Walgak it was interesting • Provide food to both the IDPs and the to note that the community leadership were evacuating the vulnerable host communities in all population east under arrangements of the county commissioner three locations in 3-4 weeks. who had arranged vehicles. Any further deterioration of the • Provide host communities and IDPs situation in the south (or indeed rumours of which are very with agricultural inputs in readiness for prevalent given that the mobile phone network is non-existent) the next agricultural season. are likely to set off further movement of IDPs to the east. It must Health: be noted that the number of IDPs moving or static does not come even close to accounting for the complete emptying of Yuai (as • Deliver drugs and medical supplies to observed by OCHA and confirmed by MSF) and it was suggested all health facilities in Uror County. that maybe these people have fled to the bush or moving east in • Mass measles immunization campaign the bush but staying off the roads and avoiding built up areas. covering the Uror County. As of Monday 17 Feb, the community leaders in Motot said that • Consider delivering drugs in Waat and the situation was calm but there were rumours in town that Walgak. government forces had moved north of Gadiang and shops had • remained closed but there was no major movement of people Consider staffing increase in Walgak from the town yet. They still believed they were far enough away PHCC and delivery of medical supplies. to be safe. They said if it got closer people would start to depart Nutrition: east and north using the roads and if it got even closer and people • Preposition TSFP supplies in Motot, had less time to react that they would flee into the bush and Pieri, Pathai and Yuai surrounding Bomas and would probably use tracks in the bush to • Supply Tearfund with SAM supplies as move east and north. People still felt safe in Nuer areas but per the projections. movement by the government forces into the Nuer homeland would indicate that the government intentions were beyond just Protection: securing Dinka areas and such a movement would significantly • Support to protection mitigating affect the Nuer's feeling of security. measures in the event of humanitarian Humanitarian Overview: distributions • Protection monitoring and As the situation remains fluid and populations are still moving, the mainstreaming settlement of IDPs is not yet fully known. Prior to the crisis in December, host populations were stressed and vulnerable to Shelter/NFI: shocks, especially in the coming months during the traditional • Waat: Distribute standard NFI kit “hunger gap” season, where households were already at risk for WASH: increased food insecurity and malnutrition. Widespread crop • losses from the 2012 flooding, throughout the region, are still Repair of hand pumps • impacting host populations, as many were unable to replant in Public health promotion 2013 due to lack of seeds. Water coverage and infrastructure was • Sanitation ongoing programming well above sphere standards in current host communities, prior to the influx of IDP populations. There are real and urgent humanitarian needs within the Nuer dominated counties of Uror, Nyirol and Akobo West & East. Both host and IDP communities are under stress due to isolation from normal trade and supplies. Urgent humanitarian needs include supplies of food, Nutrition, Health, NFI, access to water. It should be noted that ordinary agricultural activities, preparation for 3

IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

planting (in March & April), are not underway and many fear now that there may be severe food insecurity in the coming months (perhaps as early as June) in opposition controlled areas, many communities reported that they will be out of food in the coming weeks. Community leaders and RRC in both Motot and Walgak told us people are already very hungry. Assessment team agency’s staff reported severe food shortages in the market in Waat and Motot.

Humanitarian Access

Access through this region is good. The airstrips at Lankien and Waat are used by fixed wing aircraft and Motot is accessible by helicopter. The roads that connect all of these towns are readily accessible for light vehicles and vehicle movement during the assessment was carried out without difficulty. Meetings were held with armed groups in this area and the importance of humanitarian space, free of any interference, was made very clear to all interlocutors. The signed copy of the Humanitarian Ground Rules signed by Peter Gadet was very useful in this respect.

Key Findings

FSL Key findings: Background of food security situation • From focus group discussions and key informant interviews in Motot (Uror County), Waat (Nyirol County) and Walgak (Akobo East), it was clear that food insecurity is a key challenge at this point in time, primarily attributed to the seasonality but exacerbated by the inflow of IDPs. • The communities in these locations are agro-pastoralists. The crop production is typically low. In 2013, both Uror and Akobo counties were only able to produce 36% and 32% of their total cereal requirements for 2014 respectively. In Nyirol, the cereal production was only 51% of the consumption requirements. • Although the three assessed areas are not completely dry with some water points still holding water within the vicinities of Motot, Waat and Walgak, there were reports that most cattle being moved towards River Nyanding, Ulang County in search of pasture and water. This is however, a seasonal movement of water which deprives the communities of the animal sources of food. In the locations visited, some animals still remain indicating that the dry weather conditions is still tolerable though food is diminishing faster than normal due to the additional pressures of IDPs.

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IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

• In all the locations (Motot, Waat and Walgak), the IDPs were mainly reported to have originated from Bor South and Malakal (Upper Nile). • The displaced people indicated having lost their livelihoods including previous stocks of harvest when they fled. Virtually, they had nothing with them, not even food and were mainly surviving on water and wild fruits during their long journeys. • There are still three sets of IDPs observed in the assessed locations: 1) Those that have temporary settled in the three locations to get rest before they proceed to safer locations, mainly to the east to places like Akobo, Ulang and Nasir areas while some are likely to migrate to Ethiopia 2) Those who have settled in these three areas and who may only move out in case of conflicts getting closer to their current locations and 3) those that are on the move. These are in small groups and are seen along the road moving towards the east.

Food supply and market situation • In all the three areas visited, there were indications that the current stocks will not last beyond March with Motot reporting a likelihood of stocks lasting for the next 2-3 weeks. They indicated that they are likely to move out the remaining livestock in the next 2-3 weeks to pasture areas outside the county. This will imply a further reduction in food sources. The resident households will not have anything to share with IDPs. • The limited WFP supply on ground has already been distributed. Unless replenished, the distribution is already exhausted in Waat and Walgak while expected to last for another 2-3 weeks in Motot. • RRC has distributed a total of 46.6MT to 1,136 households in Motot, 10MT of sorghum to some 800 households in Waat while some 17.5 MT of sorghum and 0.4 MT of vegetable oil were distributed to 1,335 households in Walgak town between 14 January and 17 February 2014. The food distributed by RRC was a stock of WFP commodities that had remained in rub-halls in these locations. • The main source of livelihood for the communities is subsistence agriculture. Livestock keeping is also common among the IDPs particularly cattle and goats. The animals are mainly used for milk production and rarely slaughtered for consumption or sold to meet household food and non-food needs. It is however important to note that agricultural produce have significantly dwindled after the conflict mainly due to looting or getting burnt at the height of the crisis. • Typically, the markets within Motot, Waat and Walgak depend on food commodities from Juba through Bor. • The communities usually rely on market sources of cereals during February through October. Traders typically restock enough commodities during the dry season (February and March) for use through the wet season when transportation within the areas is difficult. • Markets have been completely cut-off since the beginning of the crisis. There is no restocking. Traders have already depleted the previous stocks and there are minimal operations ongoing at the market. • There is meat still sold in these open markets but cereals are not available in the markets. • This further limits the communities and even the IDPs’ ability to access food, and compounds the food deficit situation.

Food consumption and sources of food • The communities assessed in the three locations assessed typically depend on sorghum as their staple food commodity supplemented by animal sources of food and fishing. However, cereals is getting depleted faster due to pressure from IDPs, while the fishing is lowest as most water points have dried up, just at a time when most of the livestock also moved out in search of pasture. Communities are increasingly supplementing the little stock with wild fruits. • Beans and other legumes are also typically consumed albeit in smaller quantities due to its poor access— mainly from markets. When they can afford it, vegetable cooking oil from the market is purchased for family consumption.

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IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

• The main source of cereal is from own production except for IDPs who rely on gifts from relatives, friends and other resident households. Leaves and wild fruits are gathered from the bush. • IDP households in Motot were receiving food distribution at the time of assessment. Each household was getting about 12.5kg of cereal, just enough to last another 2 weeks while those in Waat and Walgak received the distribution about a month ago.

Coping strategies • In order to cope with the food insecurity, households have resorted to coping strategies. In all the three locations assessed, households have resorted to limiting portion sizes and reducing frequency of meals to once per day instead of their usual two meals a day. Households settled in Motot indicated that they can at times skip meals for a whole day for not more than 2 days a week. Accordingly, the quantity and quality of food had decreased compared to the period before the conflict, not only for IDPs but also for local populations. • The other coping strategies employed in all the assessed areas are consumption of wild foods, more than usual for the season. Households indicated they collect leaves of certain trees which can be their meal for a whole day. Under normal circumstances these leaves are not often consumed. In all the assessed areas, IDP households indicated that one of their major coping strategies is to rely on in-kind support with food by the host communities. The quantities are however small to sustain them considering their numbers and in most cases the food given lasts for not more than 2 days. • The milk production is considerably low and mainly left for the children to supplement the other limited sources of food.

Priorities for humanitarian response • There is need to provide food assistance that is appropriate for moving populations. Accordingly, high energy biscuits are ideal especially for populations still moving away from conflict zones to safer destinations. These populations can be provided with the HEBs in central locations like Waat. • There is need to provide food assistance to both IDPs and hosts in all the three locations. However, since situation remains fluid (not certain of how many will remain coupled with recent food distribution in the three locations and the ongoing sharing with the host communities), this support can be delayed to begin in 3-4 weeks. This may allow the moving populations to settle down. • Provide food to both the IDPs and the vulnerable host communities in the three locations. The hosts have nearly depleted their food stocks, earlier than seasonally expected due to sharing with IDPs. • Provide host communities and IDPs with agricultural inputs in readiness for the next agricultural season. • Health Key findings: • Drugs and health care services were identified by the health care providers, RRC, Community leaders and all the groups who were interviewed as one of top three priority needs. • There is an existing PHCU in Motot under the management of CARE International and CHD. The health situation has deteriorated across the county and in greater Akobo region (Motot, Waat and Walgak) the clinics are treating increased number of patients with malaria and watery diarrhoea. There were no antibiotics and analgesics in Motot PHCU. The CHW and Nurses were not present during the visit, only the drug dispenser and the assistant were prescribing and dispensing drugs to the patients. • Suspected cases of measles were reported in all the three health facilities visited. Motot health facility had seen 4 cases last week and since there were no drugs in the facility, they were referred for further management in Walgak PHCC which is 4-5hours walk form Motot. 6

IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

• EPI and MCH services were running with limited supplies, during the visit the MCHW and the EPI staffs were not present and the facility was closed. There were some vaccines in the fridge but we didn’t get the details of the vaccines because the EPI staffs were not present. • MSF-H and Nile Hope undertook a measles immunization campaign in Walgak (reaching 10,150 children). There is a plan to undertake the campaign in Uror and Nyirol counties. • Waat Health facility was closed due to shortage of drugs. The RRC informed the team that the facility is supported by CHD and since the start of the current crisis no drug supplies were delivered. The staffs managing the facility have since gone to the county headquarter in Lankien. • Interview with the officer in charge of Walgak PHCC reported that the facility was handling high caseloads in outpatient and inpatient department. Last week caseload (259 outpatient and 40 inpatients) with 7 measles admissions. He also reported that there were no drugs for treating secondary measles infection and complicated malaria. Main health concerns reported by health staff and clinic records. Motot Walgak

Diseases # of cases in the # of deaths in the # of cases in the # of deaths in last 7 days last 7 days last 7 days the last 7 days Malaria 147 0 204 0 Diarrhoea 38 0 54 0 Measles 4 (suspected) 0 7 (suspected) 0 ARI No drugs 0 45 0 Cholera 0 0 0 0 Injuries 0 0 35 0 Pregnant related 0 0 5 0 Conditions

Challenges • Shortage of Drugs. • Shortage of medical supplies like drug dispensing envelops, stationeries and patient record cards • Disease outbreak (measles) • Shortage of personnel staff (Motot), no CHW and Nurses. • Health staff had not received their salaries since December depriving them the resources to purchase food and upkeep • Walgak PHCC Handling additional admission caseload with limited drug and medical supplies. Priorities for humanitarian response • CARE International to contact MoH and Liaise with IMA on delivering drugs and other medical supplies to all health facilities in Uror County. • CARE International and CHD to Liaise with MSF-H on measles immunization campaign covering Uror County. • At present Waat PHCU is closed due to lack of drugs, CHD and IMA to consider delivering drugs in Waat and Walgak. • Nile Hope/IMA & CHD to consider staffing increase in Walgak PHCC and delivery of medical supplies.

Nutrition Key findings: • Food shortage was identified by the RRC, Community leaders and all the groups who were interviewed as one 7

IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

of top three priority needs. • Majority of the civilians who fled the recent violence from Bor, Malakal and Bentiu and arrived in the County have integrated in the community with a smaller group who either do not have relatives and non-residents of Uror County residing in a primary school and women association compound in Motot Payam. According to RRC report 1,136 HH (4,885) individuals were registered in Motot Payam (this figure is yet to be verified). Figures of other Payams are not included here but according to County RRC, they had registered 17,557 individuals as of Mid-January (this figure is yet to be verified). During the visit, some IDPs who were living with relatives and friends’ households were interviewed. IDPs in both the Women’s association compound and Primary school were not available to be interviewed due to their attendance because a local ‘’Prophet’’ arrived shortly before the assessment team met with the two groups and everybody including the IDP’s went to attend the Prophet’s meeting. • IDPs are expected to continue arriving in Motot and other Payams far east of Yuai due to the current ongoing crisis in Gadiang. If Gadiang remains under opposition, IDP movement may be minimal but if vice versa the number of IDPs will increase. • Tearfund has an ongoing Nutrition feeding program in Motot Payam and all other Payams of Uror County. (TSFP and OTP). Screening of malnourished children and PLW is done at the community by nutrition extension workers and community volunteers. The current screening includes children of IDPs who are living with their relatives and in the community. • Even with increased caseload due to influx of IDPs, Tearfund has the capacity to continue management of MAM and SAM in the existing feeding centres. • Last week 478 children were screened in Motot, out of whom 89 (18.6%) were referred to the feeding program (30 children with MUAC of <11.5Cms were referred to OTP and 59 children with MUAC of (11.5- 12.5Cms were referred to TSFP). 389 children were okay with MUAC of more than 12.5Cms. • Currently in Motot feeding centre, there are 150 children in TSFP and 90 in OTP, This figure is expected to increase in the coming few weeks since this is the beginning of the cyclic hunger gap and with the increase community strain due to high number of IDPs in the community. • Micronutrient supplements are given during screening and/or on admission into the feeding program • No PLW supplies in the whole county, therefore no screening and admission for Pregnant and Lactating Women • Supplies: There were very little TSFP and OTP supplies remaining in Motot, with increased new admissions the supply will only be enough for two or three rounds. Some Plumpy nut supplies were delivered on the flight which came to pick IRNA team in Motot. These supplies are expected to last for 2-3 weeks.

Screening details in Motot Payam 1 week prior to assessment (10th to Action 15th) February Children with MUAC11.5-12.5Cms 59 (approx. 12.3% MAM) Referred to TSFP Children with MUAC < 11.5Cms 30 (approx. 6.2% SAM) Referred to OTP Children with MUAC of > 12.5Cms 389 Ok Total number of Children screened 478

Priorities for humanitarian response • Tearfund to preposition TSFP supplies in Motot, Pieri, Pathai and Yuai warehouses for Tearfund to continue with management of MAM cases. • UNICEF to Supply Tearfund with SAM supplies as per the projections. • OCHA, Tearfund nutrition and Logistic Cluster to organize access and facilitate transportation of supplies from 8

IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

UNICEF to Uror County.

Protection

Key findings: Greater Akobo • Population: the team observed movements of people mostly women and children with their belongings towards the east of Greater Akobo. These movements of people started from the start of the crisis in December up to this time. These people are mostly coming from different places in Jonglei State and Upper Nile State particularly Bor and Malakal respectively. Although there are some from Unity State, they are relatively a small population. Majority of the population heading east are predominantly women and children. • Recently the clashes of armed groups in Gadiang and Mathiang forced some communities of Yuai to move towards East of Greater Akobo. The moving people are basically those formally displaced from the first crisis. • The host communities from the three (3) counties Nyirol, Akobo and some Payams of Uror have not moved since the crisis started rather accommodated the IDPs who sought refuge in their villages/communities. Most of the IDPs are now integrated in the host communities, thus finding them is already a challenge. There are few IDPs who can be found under the trees, empty homesteads, religious buildings, and government buildings. • Our conversation with the RRCs from different Payams states that the population has been doubled because of the coming of IDPs. It has also been observed that the populations are mostly women and children. • Reason for movement: the IDPs move because of the insecurities and the ongoing fighting in their communities, which started in December 2013. • Security situation: The general situation in the three counties is relatively peaceful. The firefight between the government forces and the opposition is only in the border of Bor and Uror particularly in Gadiang and Mathiang. The rest of the counties are quiet and peaceful. There are mobilisations of youths to fight against the government forces in the south. As observed the armed youths are moving towards the place of the fighting. • Patterns and freedom of movement: There were no reported restrictions in the movements of civilians in and out of the three counties. • GBV: The team did not receive any reports of GBV cases in the assessed area. • Child Protection: There were few cases recorded of unaccompanied/separated children in the three counties. • Access to services: the Executive Director/Acting Commissioner of Nyirol and the Commissioner of Akobo assure us of opening the school soon. The challenges are the occupation of IDPs in school facilities and no learning materials for both teachers and students. • Protection concerns: family feuds. Some members of the warring families take advantage of the situation to take revenge. Priorities for humanitarian response • FTR • Support to protection mitigating measures in the event of humanitarian distributions • Protection monitoring and mainstreaming Shelter + NFI

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IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

Key findings: Mwot Tot (Motot): • IDPs in Motot are primarily staying with relatives in the town, sharing their land, tukuls and NFIs. The team did not see any IDPs staying in collective centres or out in the open. Most tukuls are accommodating no more than 6 people per tukul. • While the RRC has registered 4,885 IDPs (1,136 HHs) in Motot, this number appears to be quite high. The RRC noted, however, that some IDPs are staying in the surrounding Bomas. • Shelter materials, including grasses, wooden poles, etc., are available in the area. In a few cases, IDPs had built additional shelters on the relatives’ compounds out of these materials which they gathered themselves. Some people also appear to be gathering shelter materials to sell, though there is a very limited market at the moment and very little cash flow. • NFIs were rarely mentioned as key priorities for the community. The team noted that most IDP households possess basic NFIs, including sleeping materials, water containers, and cooking sets, though these are reportedly being shared by a larger number of people than usual. When NFIs were mentioned by the community the item most requested was blankets. Walgak: • Similar to other locations in the area, the vast majority of IDPs appear to be staying with relatives in the area, sharing their tukuls and NFIs. There are some who are also being accommodated at government compounds (e.g. that of the RRC), but even these have been given their own tukuls and non-food items by the local governing authorities. There appears to be no more than 6 people per tukul. • While the RRC mentioned the need for shelter during his meeting with the team, the team did not observe an overwhelming need in the community and it was not listed as a priority by the IDPs themselves. The RRC also said that there is available land in the area should IDPs have access to shelter. It should be noted that there appears to be shelter materials, e.g. grasses, available in the surrounding area. • The IDP households observed possess sleeping materials, cooking sets, and water containers, though they are being shared by more people than is usual. • The majority of IDPs did not list NFIs as their primary concern though some did mention a lack of clothing. Waat: • A previous assessment conducted a few days prior to the IRNA found IDP households living with the host community and sharing their shelter/NFIs. The team found that in this case, there are abnormally large numbers of people staying in each shelter. • While the IDPs appear to also be sharing NFIs with the host community, the team identified some extremely vulnerable cases that are clearly in need of NFIs. • The initial registration list provided by the RRC was verified by Save the Children. 960 HHs were physically checked and determined to be in need. Priorities for humanitarian response • Motot/Walgak: Due to the relatively small populations identified in Motot and Walgak, the possibility for further movement, and the populations’ comparative needs, the cluster has decided to focus its resources in the immediate future on the surrounding locations (e.g. Waat and Lankien) where the populations and needs appear greater. The cluster will continue to monitor the situations in Motot and Walgak and will consider the distribution of loose NFIs if the IDPs are found to be remaining in these locations for the longer term.

• Additionally, as part of a contingency plan in case of further conflict in the area, work with other clusters to establish transit stations should people start to move in large numbers along distinct routes are currently under discussion. Loose NFIs, such as collapsible jerry cans and kangas, should be considered for distribution at these stations to support IDPs on their journeys. The team recommends the distribution of kangas in particular because, in addition to being easy to carry and transport to the field, they have a more versatile

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IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

nature – they can be used as clothing, shade, or as sleeping materials – and are less likely to be diverted by military groups. The cluster will need to pre-position additional kangas to Waat, to be stored in the Save the Children rubhall, because there are currently none in stock in the area.

• Waat: Based on previous assessments, Save the Children is going to distribute a standard kit (1 plastic sheet, 2 blankets, 2 mosquito nets, 2 jerry cans, 2 sleeping mats, soap, 1 kitchen set) to 960 HH in Waat, beginning tomorrow. This stock is already prepositioned in Waat, and the caseload has been verified from the RRC registration list by SC. ICRC is also considering NFI response in Waat (250 HH targeted).

WASH

Key findings: The overall WASH situation in Mwot Tot, Waat and Walgak is representative of many areas across the country. There are no alarming levels of population overcrowding observed at the time of assessment to warrant a large scale response however there are some minor activities that can be actioned to improve the general situation such as those outlined below.

Key informants from all three locations mentioned water collection at night to avoid long queues; however no long queues observed in any of the three locations during the period visited.

If broken hand pumps in each of the three locations were repaired water supply would significantly improve, distance for some households would still remain a challenge (below sphere standards) but water quantity would be significantly increased.

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IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

Mwot Tot (Motot): Public Health: • The Household jerry cans are dirty outside and inside many broken and none have lids there is a need for jerry can cleaning campaign. (pic) 1 • Rubbish not observed in large quantities, household rubbish disposal in place household level. • No soap observed in households visited or at toilet facilities WASH Picture 1: Household Sanitation: Jerry Cans in Mwot Tot • Some household latrines observed for wealthier households small / poorer (Motot) households do not have access to latrines except for in public centres (schools, feeding centre, churches etc...) • Open defecation - similar to other areas across the country need for sensitisation re: covering of feces. Water: • 3 water points in the town of Mwot Tot, only 2 working long distances for people to walk to reach water points. • Location of broken hand pump N 08deg 09' 50.62" lat E 032deg 02' 52.96" long This hand pump is connected to an elevated tank and could serve wider community through connected/ing tap stands for wider distribution (pic 2) should be repaired for improved water supply. • There is also a stream that has almost stopped flowing which will overflow during WASH Picture 2: Broken the wet season. Key informants reported that there are no more fish in the hand pump connected to elevated tank in Mwot Tot stream and they are waiting for rains. In the event of a sudden influx this could be (Motot) a location for a SWAT. (pic3)

Walgak: Public Health: • Household jerry cans are dirty outside and inside many broken and none have lids there is a need for jerry can cleaning campaign and perhaps replacement. • Rubbish observed in large quantities as communal rubbish disposal which is later burned (no evidence sighted of burning) this could be problematic during the wet season WASH Picture 3: Drying of seasonal Stream. Near Mwot • No soap observed in households visited or at toilet facilities Tot (Motot) Sanitation: • Some household latrines observed for wealthier households small / poorer households do not have access to latrines except for in public centres (schools, feeding centre, churches etc...) • Open defecation - similar to other areas across the country need for sensitisation re: covering of faeces. Water: • 6 water points in the town of Walgak, only 4 working long distances for people to walk to reach water points. WASH Picture 4: Hand Pump Walgak • Additionally, there is an old hand pump with circular handles which takes 2 women together to pump water. This pump should be replaced to increase filling time and reduce the burden of water collection on the women residing in the surrounding area (pic 4)

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IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

Location of broken hand pumps: 1. In the center of town N 08deg 09' 43.12" E 032deg 14' 16.18"

• This hand pump is connected to an elevated tank which could be repaired solar panel missing connected to pipe which appears to have been tap stands previously (pic2). 2. Entrance of town close to main road

N 08deg 09' 30.36" E 032deg 14' 13.56" • handle broken off - repairable

Waat:

Public Health: • Household jerry cans are dirty outside and inside many broken and none have lids there is a need for jerry can cleaning campaign. Jerry cans observed are all solid no collapsible noted. • Rubbish observed in large quantities no designated disposal area this could be problematic during the wet season • No soap observed in households visited or at toilet facilities • Animals observed at water points no fencing from animals present.

Sanitation: • Some household latrines observed for wealthier households small / poorer households do not have access to latrines except for in public centres (schools, feeding centre, churches etc.) • Open defecation - similar to other areas across the country need for sensitisation re: covering of faeces. Water: • 6 water points in the town of Waat, only 3 working - long distances for people to walk to reach water points. • Location of broken hand pumps 1. Waat Secondary School N 08deg 11' 13.28" E 032deg 09' 13.99" 2. Crossroad / police station (key intersection for population movement) high priority for repair N 08deg 10' 43.53" E 032deg 09' 10.04" 3. North of town center - local population have relocated to other areas in the town when the hand pump broke. N 08deg 10' 32.56" E 032deg 09' 6.40" Priorities for humanitarian response • Repair of hand pumps – ICRC, , Tearfund, PACT and local agencies • Public health promotion - Tearfund, PACT, CRS (hygiene kits) • Sanitation - General ongoing programming with Agencies already present - to be scaled up in the event of a sudden influx

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IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

Next steps Based on the Humanitarian priorities identified, the following Cluster Responses are committed: Human and material Responsible Cluster Priority actions By when resources required Entity High energy biscuits to WFP ASAP Waat FSL GFD ICRC Date TBD Distribution of emergency FAO and partners Date TBD livelihoods kits (seeds and fishing tools) Delivering drugs and IMA and CHD End of Feb 2014 medical supplies to health facilities in Uror County, Waat and Walgak Conduct mass measles MSF-H ASAP when population Health immunization campaign returns or remains in Uror County stable Provision of additional Nile Hope and IMA ASAP staff and delivering medical supplies to Walgak PHCC Preposition TSFP supplies Uror County: ongoing Nutrition in Motot, Pieri, Pathai and Tearfund Yuai warehouses Preposition SAM supplies Uror County: as per the projections. Tearfund Mobile response team to Protection cluster TBD integrate protection into with WFP and humanitarian partners programming Protection Establish a protection Protection cluster TBD cluster protection mainstreaming task force to support protection mainstreaming activities Distribution of standard Save the Children From 18 Feb Shelter / NFI kit to 960 HH in Waat NFI Distribution of NFI kits to Save the Children TBD further 250HH in Waat and Akobo Repair of hand pumps ICRC, Tearfund, PACT and local partners Public health Tearfund, PACT, promotion - CRS (hygiene kits) WASH

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IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

Assessment information

The assessment was conduct by the following team: Org. Names Title Cluster Email Tearfund George Kirimi Nutrition Advisor Nutrition/ [email protected] Kaguura Health IOM Laura Jones FNI/ES Operations NFI ljones@iom. Officer Oxfam Emma Drew Humanitarian Program WASH [email protected] Manager WFP Bernard Owandi WFP VAM FSL [email protected] Nonviolent Hope Chichaya Protection [email protected] Peaceforce Nonviolent Zandro Escat Senior International Protection Peaceforce Protection Officer OCHA Ruben Stewart Humanitarian Affairs Coordination [email protected] Officer

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IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

ANNEX 2: UROR COUNTY INTER-AGENCY ACTION GROUP

Next Steps, Response & LOGS support

UPDATED FEB 28 2014 Sector Recommendations Based Response Time on IRNA Agency Response Location Frame FSL Immediate: HEB's WFP HEB distribution Waat This past week March Response (FAO, LWF, Tearfund & NPA - formalise emergency seeds distribution, Central identify coverage and Location potential gaps - - LWF/Tearfund Feedback potentiall March 3-4 weeks to FSL cluster) WFP/ICRC General Food Distribution y Waat post IRNA Agricultural Inputs: Emergency Seeds & Fisheries Kit LWF: Procured own stock, FAO/LWF/ connecting with FAO & Tearfund Tearfund (?) / on locations not covered NPA (?) NPA: potential distribution partner Uror March Future Potential Response: EFSA in Uror County Next week (4-7 Based on EFSA March) WFP GFD Uror findings WASH Immediate: Borehole >Borehole Repair Repair & Sanitation >Institutional Sanitation support First few weeks in Hygiene support ICRC (only as needed) Waat March >Borehole Repair >(ICRC potential institutional ICRC or PACT sanitation support if needed) Walgak March Tearfund (with added support from PAH or ICRC if outside of scope (technical or spare parts Motot & available) >Borehole Repair Yuai (?) First week in March >Borehole Repair - identify high priority needs in Uror (if beyond capacity for repair feed back to March Response & WASH cluster, potential future Future (Tearfund, LWF & support from PAH or ICRC on PACT will meet to repairs) discuss gaps in areas of >Sanitation & Hygiene - emergency coverage and Tearfund WASH in areas of high Uror March & future feedback to cluster) Tearfund concentration of IDPs County response

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IRNA Report: Mwot Tot (Motot) -Uror County, Walgak - Akobo County, Waat - Nyirol County – Northern Jonglei 15 -17 February, 2014

>6 Borehole Repairs - prepositioned spare parts in Yuai >Sanitation & Hygiene - emergency WASH in areas of high Uror March & future LWF concentration of IDPs County response currently formalising response: >Borehole Repair - identify high priority needs in Uror (if beyond capacity for repair feed back to WASH cluster, potential future Uror, support from PAH or ICRC on Akobo, repairs) Nyirol - >Sanitation & Hygiene - emergency working WASH in areas of high through March & future PACT concentration of IDPs CBO's response Nutrition Access UNICEF pipeline and All of Immediate & March preposition plumpy nut to Uror Uror Response Tearfund County (Heli Support?) County March All of Uror Tearfund Preposition TSFP supplies County March MSF-H home based care (nutrition) Yuai March - ongoing Health Procurement and Distribution of Medicines to PHCU's in Uror - All of 867kg of medicines - this is 1.5 Uror Immediate CARE month supply County This week Walgak- MSF-H Measles Campaign Akobo this past month Other received supplies measles Payams March Nile Hope campaign in Akobo March All of Procuring more drugs end of next Uror CARE week (Heli support?) County March MSF-H Measles Campaign-Pending Yuai-Uror March or Future NFI's Immediate SCI Distribution of HH NFI Kits Waat Last week March Response (LWF follow up with NFI Cluster) LWF Potential Distribution in Uror Uror March Feedback to NFI cluster needs for Uror County - possible future All agencies distribution Uror March

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