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Quantifying Crop Damage by Grey Crowned Crane Balearica
QUANTIFYING CROP DAMAGE BY GREY CROWNED CRANE BALEARICA REGULORUM REGULORUM AND EVALUATING CHANGES IN CRANE DISTRIBUTION IN THE NORTH EASTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA. By MARK HARRY VAN NIEKERK Department of the Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE December 2010 Supervisor: Prof. Adrian Craig i TABLE OF CONTENTS List of tables…………………………………………………………………………iv List of figures ………………………………………………………………………...v Abstract………………………………………………………………………………vii I. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1 Species account......................................................................................... 3 Habits and diet ........................................................................................... 5 Use of agricultural lands by cranes ............................................................ 6 Crop damage by cranes ............................................................................. 7 Evaluating changes in distribution and abundance of Grey Crowned Crane………………………………………………………..9 Objectives of the study………………………………………………………...12 II. STUDY AREA…………………………………………………………………...13 Locality .................................................................................................... 13 Climate ..................................................................................................... 15 Geology and soils ................................................................................... -
Angular Limb Deformities in Foals: Treatment and Prognosis*
Article #4 CE Angular Limb Deformities in Foals: Treatment and Prognosis* Nicolai Jansson, DVM, PhD, DECVS Skara Equine Hospital Skara, Sweden Norm G. Ducharme, DVM, MSc, DACVS Cornell University ABSTRACT: This article presents an overview of the clinical management of foals with angular limb deformities. Both conservative and surgical treatment options exist; the choice of which to use should be based on the type, severity, and location of the deformity as well as the age of the foal. Conservative measures include controlled exercise, rigid external limb support, and corrective hoof trimming. Surgical treatment modalities comprise tech- niques for manipulating physeal growth and, after physeal closure, various corrective osteotomy or ostectomy methods. The prognosis is generally good if treatment is initi- ated well in advance of physeal closure. ngular limb deformities and their treat- Conservative Treatment ment in foals and young horses constitute In most foals born with mild to moderate a significant part of the orthopedic prob- angular deformities, spontaneous resolution A 2 lems that veterinarians must manage. This article occurs within the first 2 to 4 weeks of life. In discusses the clinical management and prognosis newborn foals, periarticular laxity is the most of these postural deformities. likely cause, and these foals require no special treatment other than a short period of con- TREATMENT trolled exercise. In our opinion, mildly and The absence of controlled studies has moderately affected foals should not be confined impaired the accumulation of scientific data to a stall because exercise is important for nor- guiding the management of angular limb defor- mal muscular development and resolution of the mities in foals (Table 1). -
Conformational Limb Abnormalities and Corrective Farriery for Foals
Conformational Limb Abnormalities and Corrective Farriery for Foals For the past couple of years the general public has questioned the horse industry, and one of the questions is “Are we breeding horses more prone to breakdown with injuries”? It seems that we hear more often now that there are more leg and foot problems than ever before. Is it that we are more aware of conformational deficits and limb deviations, or are there some underlying factors that make our horses prone to injury? To improve, or even just maintain the breed, racing should prove soundness as well as speed and stamina. 1 The male side is usually removed from the bloodline if unable to produce good results at the racetrack. However, the female may have such poor conformation that she never even gets into training, but yet she enters the broodmare band. The generational effect of this must surely lead to an increase in the number of conformational deficits in our foals and yearlings.1 Something that we hear quite often is “Whoever saw the perfect horse”? and “There are plenty of horses with poor conformation that win races”. That doesn’t mean we should not continue to attempt to produce horses with good conformation. There is an acceptable range of deviation from the ideal, and therefore these deformities have to be accepted if it does not jeopardize the overall athletic soundness of the horse. Although mild conformational deficits may not significantly impact soundness, more significant limb deformities cause abnormal limb loading, lameness, gait abnormalities, and interference issues. 2 Developmental deformities of the limb include angular, flexural, and rotational limb deformities. -
Veterinary Orthopedic Society 43Rd Annual Conference Abstracts
A16 2016 VOS Abstracts Veterinary Orthopedic Society purpose of this study was to compare DI measurements with hip arthroscopy findings in dogs undergoing DPO. rd 43 Annual Conference Abstracts Materials and Methods: Medical records, arthroscopic images, and radio- graphs from 14 patients (26 hips) undergoing unilateral or bilateral DPO were reviewed. DI was measured using distraction view radiographs. Arthro- February 27 – March 5, 2016 scopic images were analyzed and findings graded using the Modified Outer- Big Sky, Montana, USA bridge Scale. ANOVA was used to compare DI between grade groups. Results: The highest grades of cartilage wear were noted cranially on the fe- moral head, mid-acetabulum, and caudally on the DAR. No significant dif- Part II ferences in DI were identified between groups of cartilage wear grade on the femoral head, acetabulum, or DAR, nor were any significant differences in DI 2016 VOS Abstracts VOS 2016 PODIUM ABSTRACTS (continued) identified between grade groups for the round ligament, labrum, or degree of synovitis. Discussion/Conclusion: This study found no significant differences in DI 52 COMPARISON OF ULTRASOUND AND MRI TO with different grades of cartilage, DAR, round ligament, or labral wear, or de- ARTHROSCOPY FOR ASSESSMENT OF MEDIAL MENISCAL gree of synovitis. No trend was noted for DI to increase as wear grade in- PATHOLOGY IN DOGS WITH CRANIAL CRUCIATE LIGAMENT creased in any region of the joints evaluated. Arthroscopic evaluation should DISEASE be considered prior to DPO as part of appropriate candidate selection. Acknowledgement: There was no proprietary interest or funding provided Samuel Patrick Franklin1; James L. Cook2; Cristi R. -
University of Washington Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine
Discoveries 2012 University of Washington Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine 2012 Research Report Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195 Editor-in-ChiEf: Jens R. Chapman, M.D. Managing Editor: Fred Westerberg Front Cover Illustration: Pottery by Jack Routt, Photographer: Conrad Lilleness. The cover features a ceramic basin by Jack Routt. In Latin, the word for basin is sometimes translated as pelvis. Pelvic surgery is one of the orthopaedic specialities of Jack’s father, Milton L. Routt, Jr., M.D., Professor. Jack Routt (above) is a junior at King’s High School in Seattle, WA who enjoys creating ceramic art. Contents 1 Foreword 4 In Memoriam: Paul J. Benca, M.D. July 24, 1958 - June 27, 2011 6 David R. Eyre, Ph.D.: Steindler Award 7 Peter Simonian, M.D., 2012 Grateful Alumnus 8 Robert M. Berry, M.D., 2012 Distinguished Alumnus 9 New Faculty 10 Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine Faculty 14 Visiting Lecturers 16 A Very Successful Year in Orthopaedics Salvage of Failed Custom Total Ankle 20 Michael E. Brage, M.D. Replacement: A Case Report Temporary External Fixation in Calcaneal 22 John Munz, M.D., Patricia A. Kramer, Ph.D., Fractures and Stephen K. Benirschke, M.D. Enhancing Pedicle Screw Fixation in the 23 Harsha Malempati, M.D., Bopha Chrea B.S., Lumbar Spine Utilizing Allograft Bone Plug Jeffrey Campbell M.S., Sonja Khan B.S., Interference Fixation: A Biomechanical Study Randal P. Ching, Ph.D., and Michael J. Lee, M.D. -
ANGULAR LIMB DEFORMITIES of FOALS in These Congenital Or Acquired Skeletal Defects, the Distal Portion of a Limb Deviates Laterally Or Medially Early in Neonatal Life
tions. The various types of tenosynovitis include idiopathic, acute, chronic, and septic 1 (infectious). Idiopathic synovitis refers to synovial distention of tendon sheaths in young f animals, in which the cause .is uncertain. Acute and chronic tenosynovitis are due to trauma Septic tenosynovitis may be associated with penetrating wounds, local exten- sion of infection, or a hematogenous infection. Clinical Findings and Diagnosis: There are varying degrees of synovial distention of the tendon sheath and lameness, depending on the severity. Horses are markedly lame in septic tenosynovitis. Chronic tenosynovitis is common in horses in the tarsal sheath of the hock (thoroughpin) and in the digital sheath (tendinous windpuffs). These two entities must be differentiated from bog spavin and synovial effusion of the fetlock. aeatment: In idiopathic cases, no treatment is initially recommended. Acute cases with clinical signs may be treated symptomatically with cold packs, nonsteroidal anti-in- flammatory drugs, and rest. Application of counterirritants and bandaging has been used in more chronic cases. Radiation therapy is helpful. Septic tenosynovitis requires systemic antibiotics and drainage. If adhesions develop between the tendon sheath and the tendon, persistent effusion and lameness is the rule. Congenital and inherited anomalies can result in the birth of diseased or deformed neonates. Congenital disorders can be due to viral infections of the fetus or to ingestion 1 of toxic plants by the dam at certain stages of gestation. The musculoskeletal system can also be affected by certain congenital neurologic disorders. See also WNGEHITAL MY- OPATHIES, p 867. ANGULAR LIMB DEFORMITIES OF FOALS In these congenital or acquired skeletal defects, the distal portion of a limb deviates laterally or medially early in neonatal life. -
Assessment of Canine Elbow Joint for Osteoarthritis and Treatment with Synovetin OA®
Assessment of Canine Elbow joint for osteoarthritis and treatment with Synovetin OA® Steven M. Fox, MS, DVM, MBA, PhD PAIN Pain is the clinical sign most frequently associated with osteoarthritis (OA).1 The clinical manifestation of this pain is lameness. When an animal presents with clinical lameness, a determination must be made whether the animal is unable to use the limb or is unwilling to use the limb. Inability to use the limb may be attributable to musculoskeletal changes, such as joint contracture or muscle atrophy. These anomalies are best addressed with physical rehabilitation. On the other hand, unwillingness to use a limb is most often attributable to pain. Herein, lameness is an avoidance behavior. Ironically, articular cartilage is frequently the focus of studies regarding OA. However, clinical treatment of the OA patient is most often focused on the alleviation of pain. Appreciating that articular cartilage is aneural, the focus of OA pain management resides in the periarticular structures. No pain is elicited by stimulation of cartilage, and stimulation of normal synovial tissue rarely evokes pain.2 OA pain is the result of a complex interplay between structural change, biochemical alterations, peripheral and central pain-processing mechanisms, and individual cognitive processing of nociception. The source of pain in the joint ‘organ’ is multifocal: direct stimulation of the joint capsule and bone receptors by cytokines/ligands of inflammatory and degradative processes, physical stimulation of the joint capsule from distension (effusion) and stretch (laxity, subluxation, abnormal articulation), physical stimulation of subchondral bone from abnormal loading, and (likely) physical stimulation of muscle, tendon, and ligaments. -
December 2016
Project Update: December 2016 I am happy to write the progress report on the achievements of black crowned crane conservation campaigns. This is the third training event after the higher institution students training on May 24th 2016 and the multi-stakeholders training on July 25th 2016. On 29th November 2016, a student training session was held at Ayte Junior Primary School in the presence of school teachers. In order to make the training more successful, the school director and vice director were informed 2 weeks in advance to inform all teachers to reserve November 29th for student training. At the beginning, the school director and vice director has welcomed and introduced to new recruited staff since we conducted training last year. The school director informed all instructors to order the students for training which was conducted on open field in the school compound and then the school vice director Mr Dirba Teferi introduced the purpose of our visits and agenda for the students. The training focused on black crowned crane species (Figure 1) and wetland conservation. Figure 1: Photo of Black Crowned cranes After the students take their places we start by thanking our sponsors Rufford Small Grants for Nature Conservation, Jimma University for its in-kind contributions, the students and Ayte Primary school administration for accepting our request for black crowned crane conservation campaign. About 750 students and 14 instructors follow the training. Some pictures of the students during the training was reported in this document (Figure 2). First of all, the objective of the training was briefly explained for the students. -
Conservation Status of Cranes
Conservation Status of Cranes IUCN Population ESA Endangered Scientific Name Common name Continent IUCN Red List Category & Criteria* CITES CMS Trend Species Act Anthropoides paradiseus Blue Crane Africa VU A2acde (ver 3.1) stable II II Anthropoides virgo Demoiselle Crane Africa, Asia LC(ver 3.1) increasing II II Grus antigone Sarus Crane Asia, Australia VU A2cde+3cde+4cde (ver 3.1) decreasing II II G. a. antigone Indian Sarus G. a. sharpii Eastern Sarus G. a. gillae Australian Sarus Grus canadensis Sandhill Crane North America, Asia LC II G. c. canadensis Lesser Sandhill G. c. tabida Greater Sandhill G. c. pratensis Florida Sandhill G. c. pulla Mississippi Sandhill Crane E I G. c. nesiotes Cuban Sandhill Crane E I Grus rubicunda Brolga Australia LC (ver 3.1) decreasing II Grus vipio White-naped Crane Asia VU A2bcde+3bcde+4bcde (ver 3.1) decreasing E I I,II Balearica pavonina Black Crowned Crane Africa VU (ver 3.1) A4bcd decreasing II B. p. ceciliae Sudan Crowned Crane B. p. pavonina West African Crowned Crane Balearica regulorum Grey Crowned Crane Africa EN (ver. 3.1) A2acd+4acd decreasing II B. r. gibbericeps East African Crowned Crane B. r. regulorum South African Crowned Crane Bugeranus carunculatus Wattled Crane Africa VU A2acde+3cde+4acde; C1+2a(ii) (ver 3.1) decreasing II II Grus americana Whooping Crane North America EN, D (ver 3.1) increasing E, EX I Grus grus Eurasian Crane Europe/Asia/Africa LC unknown II II Grus japonensis Red-crowned Crane Asia EN, C1 (ver 3.1) decreasing E I I,II Grus monacha Hooded Crane Asia VU B2ab(I,ii,iii,iv,v); C1+2a(ii) decreasing E I I,II Grus nigricollis Black-necked Crane Asia VU C2a(ii) (ver 3.1) decreasing E I I,II Leucogeranus leucogeranus Siberian Crane Asia CR A3bcd+4bcd (ver 3.1) decreasing E I I,II Conservation status of species in the wild based on: The 2015 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, www.redlist.org CRITICALLY ENDANGERED (CR) - A taxon is Critically Endangered when it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future. -
Balearica Pavonina L.) in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia
Scaling-up Public Education and Awareness Creations towards the Conservation of Black Crowned Crane (Balearica pavonina L.) in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia By: Dessalegn Obsi (Assistant Professor) June 8, 2017 Jimma University, Ethiopia Public capacity Building • There is ever increasing pressure on the world’s natural habitats which leads to species loss • Saving a species is not a quick or simple process - it may take several years or more of intensive management • Conservation is an interdisciplinary field and not just about the ecology that underpins our understanding of biodiversity The role of People in conservation People have different feelings about the importance of conservation b/c they value nature in d/t ways: Some people value nature for what it gives to them than in a material sense, like food, shelter, clean water and medicine which they need Others care more about less tangible things that nature provides for them , such as spiritual well-being or even a nice place to walk People may dislike some species or habitats b/c they see them as dangerous In need of protection • Species that are already threatened with extinction clearly are in more urgent need of protection than species that are still doing well. • To make decisions, conservationists first need to work out how threatened, or vulnerable, a species is. • On a global scale, the IUCN has produced the IUCN Red list1 which classifies species according to their current vulnerability to extinction. IUCN Red List Categories How does the IUCN Red List categories species by extinction risk? Species are assigned to Red List Categories based on: the rate of population decline, population size and structure, geographic range, habitat requirements and availability and threats. -
Three-Dimensional Computer-Assisted Corrective Osteotomy with a Patient-Specific Surgical Guide for an Antebrachial Limb Deformity in Twodogs
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2019 Three-dimensional computer-assisted corrective osteotomy with a patient-specific surgical guide for an antebrachial limb deformity in twodogs Longo, Francesco ; Penelas, Alexandra ; Gutbrod, Andreas ; Pozzi, Antonio Abstract: We describe patient-specific surgical guide prototyping and surgical treatment of acomplex antebrachial deformity in two skeletally mature dogs presenting with chronic lameness. Computer-assisted surgery was elected to increase accuracy in the correction of the complexity deformity. Radiographs and CT scans revealed a biplane deformity with valgus, procurvatum and external torsion of the right radius in both cases. The pre-surgical planning started from the quantification of the angular deformity, computer simulated correction to end up with a rehearsal surgery on 3D printed bone models. During the surgery, the custom-made osteotomy guides closely fitted the bone, allowing for a precise corrective osteotomy, that was stabilized with two locking plates. Postoperative x-rays showed successful correction of the deformity. At the follow up recheck examinations at 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively the dogs had improved lameness, weight-bearing and progression of bone healing were observed in both dogs. Patient- specific surgical guides allowed for a satisfactory correction of the antebrachial deformity. Additional benefits of using customized surgical devices include standardization and reduced surgical time. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17236/sat00216 Other titles: Dreidimensionale computerunterstützte Korrekturosteotomie mit einer patientenspezifischen chirurgischen Schablone bei zwei Hunden mit antebrachiellen Deformitäten Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-171890 Journal Article Accepted Version Originally published at: Longo, Francesco; Penelas, Alexandra; Gutbrod, Andreas; Pozzi, Antonio (2019). -
The Cranes Compiled by Curt D
Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan The Cranes Compiled by Curt D. Meine and George W. Archibald IUCN/SSC Crane Specialist Group IUCN The World Conservation Union IUCN/Species Survival Commission Donors to the SSC Conservation Communications Fund and The Cranes: Status Survey & Conservation Action Plan The IUCN/Species Survival Commission Conservation Communications Fund was established in 1992 to assist SSC in its efforts to communicate important species conservation information to natural resource managers, deci- sion-makers and others whose actions affect the conservation of biodiversity. The SSC's Action Plans, occasional papers, news magazine (Species), Membership Directory and other publi- cations are supported by a wide variety of generous donors including: The Sultanate of Oman established the Peter Scott IUCN/SSC Action Plan Fund in 1990. The Fund supports Action Plan development and implementation; to date, more than 80 grants have been made from the Fund to Specialist Groups. As a result, the Action Plan Programme has progressed at an accelerated level and the network has grown and matured significantly. The SSC is grateful to the Sultanate of Oman for its confidence in and sup- port for species conservation worldwide. The Chicago Zoological Society (CZS) provides significant in-kind and cash support to the SSC, including grants for special projects, editorial and design services, staff secondments and related support services. The President of CZS and Director of Brookfield Zoo, George B. Rabb, serves as the volunteer Chair of the SSC. The mis- sion of CZS is to help people develop a sustainable and harmonious relationship with nature. The Zoo carries out its mis- sion by informing and inspiring 2,000,000 annual visitors, serving as a refuge for species threatened with extinction, developing scientific approaches to manage species successfully in zoos and the wild, and working with other zoos, agencies, and protected areas around the world to conserve habitats and wildlife.