Village Mirzaani Road (Dedoplistskaro Municipality)
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The Mineral Industry of Georgia in 2011
2011 Minerals Yearbook GEORGIA U.S. Department of the Interior September 2013 U.S. Geological Survey THE MINERAL INDUSTRY OF GEORGIA By Elena Safirova Prior to the proclamation of Georgian independence in in mining was $40.2 million, or 3.6% of the total FDI in the 1991, a range of mineral commodities were mined in Georgia, country (National Statistics Office of Georgia, 2012b). including arsenic, barite, bentonite, coal, copper, diatomite, lead, In 2011, Georgia ran a substantial trade deficit—the total manganese, zeolites, and zinc, among others. The country’s value of its exports ($2.19 billion) was greatly exceeded by metallurgical sector produced ferroalloys and steel. Since 1991, the total value of its imports ($7.06 billion). The country’s production of many of these mineral commodities had ceased or major export trade partners were, in order of value, Azerbaijan been significantly reduced. (which received 19.5% of Georgia’s exports), Turkey (10.4%), Following the Rose Revolution of 2003, the Government Armenia (10.2%), Kazakhstan (7.2%), the United States (6.6%), determined to revive the country’s industry. In 2007, Georgia Ukraine (6.5%), and Canada (5.2%). Its major import trade sold its three leading enterprises—Chiatura Manganese, partners were, in order of value, Turkey (which supplied 18.0% Vartzikhe Hydropower, and Zestafoni Ferroalloys to Stemcor of Georgia’s imports), Ukraine (10.0%), Azerbaijan (8.7%), Co. of the United Kingdom. Before the sale, the enterprises China (7.4%), Germany (6.8%), and Russia (5.5%). Mineral were in a difficult financial situation; for example, Zestafoni commodities, especially metals, played a significant role in Ferroalloys owed the Government $35 million in taxes. -
Georgia Armenia Azerbaijan 4
©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 317 Behind the Scenes SEND US YOUR FEEDBACK We love to hear from travell ers – your comments keep us on our toes and help make our books better. Our well- travell ed team reads every word on what you loved or loathed about this book. Although we cannot reply individually to postal submissions, we always guarantee that your feedback goes straight to the appropriate authors, in time for the next edition. Each person who sends us information is thanked in the next edition – the most useful submissions are rewarded with a selection of digital PDF chapters. Visit lonelyplanet.com/contact to submit your updates and suggestions or to ask for help. Our award-winning website also features inspirational travel stories, news and discussions. Note: We may edit, reproduce and incorporate your comments in Lonely Planet products such as guidebooks, websites and digital products, so let us know if you don’t want your comments reproduced or your name acknowledged. For a copy of our privacy policy visit lonelyplanet.com/privacy. Stefaniuk, Farid Subhanverdiyev, Valeria OUR READERS Many thanks to the travellers who used Superno Falco, Laurel Sutherland, Andreas the last edition and wrote to us with Sveen Bjørnstad, Trevor Sze, Ann Tulloh, helpful hints, useful advice and interest- Gerbert Van Loenen, Martin Van Der Brugge, ing anecdotes: Robert Van Voorden, Wouter Van Vliet, Michael Weilguni, Arlo Werkhoven, Barbara Grzegorz, Julian, Wojciech, Ashley Adrian, Yoshida, Ian Young, Anne Zouridakis. Asli Akarsakarya, Simone -
Georgian Art Route
Georgian Art Route Georgian art has evolved for millennia. With roots in rich archaic and ethnic traditions, it has grown along with the development of the Georgian statehood, starting from the ancient kingdoms of Colchis and Iberia. From the ancient monuments and fascinating old buildings to the contemporary art galleries and museums, there are so many reasons to travel to Georgia to develop your artistic skills and explore your passion for painting, sculpture, architecture and design. With our exclusive Art Tour to Georgia you will visit all must-see art places, get acquainted with the masterpieces of Georgian painters, explore art galleries and various museums. You will feel the tradition of Georgian art and get inspired for your new art ideas. Key information Duration: 7 days / 6 nights Best season: May - October Tour type: Small group / individual (starting from 2 persons) What’s included: Private airport transfers according to your arrival time, Accommodation in hotels for 6 nights (in double rooms), Meals: breakfast, All transfers in air-conditioned/heated cars/buses, English speaking guide service for all days, All admission fees (Narikala cable car, National Gallery, Sighnaghi Museum, Mirzaani Niko Firosmani museum, David Kakabadze Museum, Prometheus cave, Batumi Botanical garden), Wine tasting and master-class (Khareba winery) What’s not included: Flights, Visa fee, Medical insurance, Lunches and dinners Itinerary in brief Day 1 - Arrival Day 2 - Art Tour to Tbilisi Day 3 - Kakheti - Sighnaghi - Khareba Day 4 - Bagrati - Gelati - Kutaisi Day 5 - Prometheus Caves - Adjara Museum - Batumi Day 6 - Batumi - Mtskheta - Tbilisi Day 7 - Departure Detailed itinerary Day 1 Arrival at the airport, transfer to the hotel. -
The Mineral Industry of Georgia in 2014
2014 Minerals Yearbook GEORGIA U.S. Department of the Interior December 2017 U.S. Geological Survey THE MINERAL INDUSTRY OF GEORGIA By Elena Safirova Prior to the proclamation of Georgia’s independence in company $200 million to build. With a total capacity of 1991, a range of mineral commodities were mined in Georgia, 87 megawatts (MW), the new powerplant was the largest among including arsenic, barite, bentonite, coal, copper, diatomite, all powerplants built in the country in the past 35 years. The lead, manganese, zeolites, and zinc. The country’s metallurgical company expected that the energy produced at the Paravani sector produced ferroalloys and steel. Production of many of powerplant would be consumed domestically during the these mineral commodities ceased or had been significantly winter, and it would be exported to Turkey in the summer reduced since 1991 because many supply chains were severed (AFN.by, 2014). after the disintegration of the Soviet Union. In the middle of the past decade, the Government of Georgia Minerals in the National Economy sought to position the country as a transit hub between Europe and Asia. As a result, the country emphasized making In 2014, the nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of improvements to its transportation and energy infrastructure and Georgia increased by 2.4% to $16.5 billion1 compared with logistics systems. In 2014, Georgia continued the modernization that of 2013. The country’s real GDP increased by 4.8% in and partial construction of its East-West gas pipeline; several 2014 compared with that of 2013. The share of industrial new gas network links were to be constructed. -
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14 April 2020 Oil and Gas Sector of GEORGIA in the Transition Period
Teimuraz Gochitashvili Oil and Gas Sector of GEORGIA in the Transition Period TBILISI 2020 უაკ (UDC) 622.691 622.24 Teimuraz Gochitashvili OIL AND GAS SECTOR OF GEORGIA IN THE TRANSITION PERIOD Tbilisi, 2020 The publication deals with the current state of oil and gas sector, prospects for its development and energy security of Georgia; it also focuses on regional oil and gas potential, production and delivery prospects to the European market. Special attention is paid to the transit and inland transmission pipelines, their reliability and safety, preconditioning security of supply to local and European markets. It also highligths the issues of harmonization of Georgian energy legislation with the European one and institutional structures as well as the integration of the market into the single energy space, discussing the corresponding legal grounds. The information presented in this publication, including assessments of the current state of the sector and scenarios for the development of the natural gas market, reflects only the personal opinion of the author, is not related to his job responsibilities and not reproduce the views or positions of his employer or government bodies Editor - Dr. Teimuraz Javakhishvili Language Editor – Tekla Gabunia All rights reserved by the legislation of Georgia „Meridian“ Publishing House, 2020 ISBN 978-9941-25-866-4 2 Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge the help and support of my colleagues from Georgian Oil and Gas Corporation, including Dr. Soso Gudushauri, Dr. David Tsitsishvili. Ms. Liana Lomidze, Ms. Ia Goisashvili, Mr. Archil Dekanosidze, Mr. Suliko Tsintsadze, Mr. Irakli Chachibaia and others. I am also deeply indebted to many people, including those engaged in the energy sector of Georgia, who have discussed the issues in the publication. -
Environmental and Socio-Economic Implications of the Mining Sector
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE MINING SECTOR AND PROSPECTS OF RESPONSIBLE MINING IN GEORGIA The study was prepared within the framework of the project 'Promoting Environmental and Social Accountability in the Mining Sector in the Caucasus', which is being implemented with the financial support of the Bread for the World Protestant Development Service (BftW). The content of the publication is the responsibility of the implementing organisation alone. 2 CONTENT INTRODUCTION 5 1. Mineral reSourceS of GeorGia anD The hiSTory of Their MininG anD ProceSSing 7 1.1 Brief DeScriPTion of Mineral reSources 7 1.2 Brief hiSTory of MininG in GeorGia 7 1.3 DynaMicS of The DeveloPMenT of MininG inDuSTry in GeorGia 9 1.3.1 SoliD MineralS 9 1.3.2 oil anD Gas 10 2. GeorGian laWS anD inSTiTuTional SeT-uP relaTeD To MininG 13 2.1 naTional leGiSlaTion 13 2.1.1 conSTiTuTion of GeorGia 13 2.1.2 laW of GeorGia on enTrailS of The earTh 13 2.1.3 laW of GeorGia on licenceS anD PerMits 13 2.1.4 laW of GeorGia on environMenTal ProTecTion 14 2.1.5 laW of GeorGia on culTural heriTaGe 14 2.1.6 oTher reGulaTionS relaTeD To culTural heriTaGe 14 2.1.7 inTernaTional convenTionS relaTeD To culTural heriTaGe raTifieD By GeorGia 14 2.2 inSTiTuTional fraMeWork of The GeorGian MininG inDuSTry 15 2.2.1 STaTe inSTiTuTionS anD Their ManDaTes 15 2.2.2 inTeraGency cooPeraTion 17 3. inTernaTional DeveloPMenT orGanizaTionS acTive in GeorGia anD caTeGorieS of DeveloPMenT Projects 19 4. STa.TiSTicS of inveSTMenTS MaDe in The MininG SecTor of GeorGia (2009-2015) 23 4.1 aMounT of inveSTMents 23 4.2 inveSTMenT SourceS 24 5. -
Signagi Museum
siRnaRis GEORGIAN NATIONAL MUSEUM muzeumi SIGNAGI saqarTvelos erovnuli muzeumi MUSEUM siRnaRis xedi View of Signagi siRnaRis regioni Signagi Region qalaqi siRnaRi kaxeTis teritoriaze, qiz- The city of Signagi is located in Kakheti’s iyis regionSi mdebareobs. qiziyi adreul region of Kiziki. Early historic documents call it istoriul dokumentebSi kambeCovanis Kambechovani. The sources describe the place saxeliT gvxvdeba. mas `ubatono qveyanas~ “land without the lord” only subordinate to the uwodebdnen, romelic uSualod mefes emor- king. Cileboda. The region became more advanced during the aRniSnuli regioni gansakuTrebiT qarTl- realm of Erekle II (1744-1789), the king of Kartl- kaxeTis mefis, erekle-II mmarTvelobis dros Kakheti. In 1762 He renovated the 2,5 km long (1744-1789 ww.) gaZlierda. man 1762 wels ga- stone Wall of Signagi with 23 towers and five naaxla `galavani siRnaRisa~, romlis gan- arched gates. Each tower and gate was given sakuTrebulobas ganapirobebs 40 heqtarze a name of Kakhatian villages (Magaro, Shilda, ganlagebuli grZeli (2,5km) qviTkiris Mirzaani, Bodbe, Vakiri e.a.). During invasions, the zRude 23 koSkiTa da 5 TaRovani karibWiT. castle would harbor residents and cattle from the calkeuli koSkisa da karibWisaTvis soflis neighboring villages. In war times every village saxelebi (maRaro, Silda, mirzaani, bodbe, would stand for its tower. vaqiri da sxva) daurqmeviaT. mtris Semose- With the collapse of the Kartl-Kakheti kingdom, in visas, cixe-galavanSi mezobeli soflebis 1802 Signagi became center of the administrative mosaxleoba saqonelTan erTad afarebda district in the Russian empire with a strategic Tavs. brZolis dros yvela sofeli Tavis importance because it bordered with Char- aSenebul koSks icavda. Belakan and Dagestan. -
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Report on Identification/Selection of Target Communities in Pilot
Selection of Target Communities in Pilot Watersheds (Khobi, Senaki and Dedoplistskaro Municipalities) Republic of Georgia Technical Report No. 5 Integrated Natural Resources Management in the Republic of Georgia Program Technical Report Number 5 Selection of Target Communities in Pilot Watersheds (Khobi, Senaki and Dedoplistskaro Municipalities) Republic of Georgia Funding for this publication was provided by the people of the United States of America through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) under Agreement No.CA # AID-114-LA-10-00004, as a component of the Integrated Natural Resources Management for the Republic of Georgia Program. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Agency for International Development of the United States Government or Florida International University. Copyright © Global Water for Sustainability Program – Florida International University This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. No use of the publication may be made for resale or for any commercial purposes whatsoever without the prior permission in writing from the Florida International University - Global Water for Sustainability Program. Any inquiries can be addressed to the same at the following address: Global Water for Sustainability Program Florida International University Biscayne Bay Campus 3000 NE 151 St. ACI-267 North Miami, FL 33181 USA Email: [email protected] Website: www.globalwaters.net For bibliographic purposes, this document should be cited as: GLOWS-FIU. 2011. Technical Report 5: Selection of Target Communities in Pilot Watersheds (Khobi, Senaki and Dedoplistskaro municipalities) in the Republic of Georgia. -
GEORGIA by Richard M
THE MINERAL INDUSTRY OF GEORGIA By Richard M. Levine1 Georgia has a diverse mineral industry, producing fuels, Georgia was formulating plans to privatize its industrial ferrous and nonferrous metals, ferroalloys, and industrial sector. However, according to a March 1994 report, Georgia minerals. It is a major producer of manganese from the planned to maintain under state control for the near future the Chiatura deposit, although reserves of high-grade ore are transportation, natural gas, and power engineering sectors.6 almost depleted. The manganese is used in Georgia for Regarding production of mineral commodities, copper is ferroalloy production at the Zestafoni ferroalloys plant. A produced at the Madneuli mining and beneficiation complex, small amount of iron ore also is mined. At the Madneuli which has the estimated capacity to produce about 12,000 complex in Georgia, a copper-barite polymetallic ore deposit metric tons per year (mt/a) of copper in concentrate. In 1994, is exploited for copper, barite, and a range of byproduct production fell to an estimated 2,000 mt/a of copper in minerals, including gold and silver. Production of lead and concentrate. Georgia reportedly was shipping copper in zinc occurs at the Kvaisi lead-zinc deposit, and arsenic is concentrate to Russia and Switzerland in exchange for gold, mined from the Lukhumskoye and Tsanskoye deposits. presumably to build up its bullion stocks.7 Georgia also produces a range of industrial minerals, Gold production in Georgia was estimated to have fallen including bentonite, diatomite, talc, zeolites, and from 1.9 mt/a in 1991 to less than 1 mt/a in 1994. -
List of the Micro Projects Funded Under Youth Integration Program by Youth Banks in Georgia (2008-2014)
List of the micro projects funded under Youth Integration Program by Youth Banks in Georgia (2008-2014) Initiatives funded by the Akhaltsikhe Youth Bank: 1. Marathon - to mobilize youth from Akhaltsikhe schools and organize a marathon to promote healthy lifestyle among youth. 2. What? Where? When? - to organize intellectual games for the 9th and 10th graders enrolled in six public schools of Akhaltsikhe municipality in order to motivate them to read books. 3. Education - to set up a literature club for the students of Akhaltsikhe Public School #5 and purchase 40 up-to-date academic books to improve the students’ access to contemporary educational materials. 4. TAO - to encourage local youth to practice healthy lifestyle, by organizing a rugby tournaments for 9th and 10th graders enrolled in 5th and 1st public Schools of Akhaltsikhe municipality. 5. Books for all - to set up a literature club for the students of Akhaltsikhe Public School #1 and purchase up-to-date academic textbooks in order to improve the students’ access to contemporary educational materials. 6. Everlasting Art - to organize a charity action to help the Akhaltsikhe Orphanage by Akhaltsikhe State University students. 7. Clean and Comfortable School Yard - to clean the territory of Akhaltsikhe Public School # 1, which was used by the local population as a garbage dump and establish plant garden there. 8. Books First of All - to purchase books for the library at Akhaltsikhe Public School # 1 and organize intellectual contest for the school students. 9. Healthy Life Style for Akhaltsikhe Youth - to popularize soccer among youth in Akhaltsikhe by forming two soccer teams, training them and providing them with necessary equipment and finally, by organizing a soccer tournament.