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1 Moldova on Its Way to Democracy and Stability

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FROM THE POST-SOVIET SPACE TOWARDS THE WORLD OF DEMOCRATIC VALUES 1 MOLDOVA ON ITS WAY TO DEMOCRACY AND STABILITY 2 MOLDOVA ON THE WAY TO DEMOCRACY AND STABILITY Contributors : Igor MUNTEANU Executive Director of the Institute for Development and Social Initiatives (IDIS) ‘Viitorul’, Dr. in Administrative Law and Expert in Political Sciences, author of several books and publications printed in Moldova and abroad Iulian CHIFU Dr in International Relations, University Lecturer, Expert in Conflict Analysis, Scientific Secretary of the International Relations and European Integration Department of the National School of Political Sciences and Administration (Romania), Director of the Early Warning and Conflict Prevention Centre Romanita BERGHIA Free-lance author, MA in Public Policy and international development Iulian FRUNTASU Dr in International Relations, University Lecturer, Former diplomat in the OSCE Mission in Bosnia-Hertzegovina, author of several publications and articles in Moldova and abroad Nicolae CHIRTOACA Director of the Invisible College, Director of the Euro-Atlantic Centre in Moldova. Co-author of several books and publications abroad and in Moldova. Political Comentator and independent military analyst Valeriu PROHNITCHI Dr in Economics. Director of the Expert Group Association, economic commentator and author of several publications on economic analysis and policy assestments Dan DUNGACIU Dr in Political Sciences, University Lecturer at the University of Bucharest, Department of Sociology. Author of several books and monographs, field-assessments and monitoring reports, various publications and articles in the international magazines in Romania and abroad Boris ASAROV Chairman of Pro-Europe Associations from Transnistria. Political Commentator and Russian-language free-lance Journalist Radu GORINCIOI Dr in Political Sciences, Lecturer at the State University of Moldova, Center of International Relations and Political Sciences Department, Director of the Information, Learning and Social Analysis National of Moldova Ion NAVAL Dr in International Relations, Researcher, Romanian Academic Society FROM THE POST-SOVIET SPACE TOWARDS THE WORLD OF DEMOCRATIC VALUES 3 Igor MUNTEANU Iulian CHIFU Romaniţa BERGHIA Iulian FRUNTAȘU Nicolae CHIRTOACĂ Valeriu PROHNIŢCHI Dan DUNGACIU Boris ASAROV Radu GORINCIOI Ion NAVAL MOLDOVA ON THE WAY TO DEMOCRACY AND STABILITY From the Post-Soviet Space towards the World of Democratic Values CARTIER 4 MOLDOVA ON THE WAY TO DEMOCRACY AND STABILITY CARTIER® Editura Cartier, SRL, str. București, nr. 68, Chișinău, MD2012. Tel./fax: 24 05 87, tel.: 24 01 95. E-mail: [email protected] Editura Codex 2000, SRL, Strada Toamnei, nr. 24, sectorul 2, București. Tel./fax: 210 80 51. E-mail: [email protected] Difuzare: București: Strada Toamnei, nr. 24, sectorul 2. Tel./fax: 210 80 51. GSM: 0744 30 49 15. Chișinău: bd. Mircea cel Bătrân, nr. 9, sectorul Ciocana. Tel.:34 64 61. Cărţile CARTIER pot fi procurate în toate librăriile bune din România și Repu blica Moldova. LIBRĂRIILE CARTIER Casa Cărţii Ciocana, bd. Mircea cel Bătrân, nr. 9, Chișinău. Tel.: 34 64 61. Librăria din Hol, str. București, nr. 68, Chișinău. Tel./fax: 24 10 00. Editor: Gheorghe Erizanu Lector: Timur Onica Coperta seriei: Vitalie Coroban Coperta: Vitalie Coroban Design: Victoria Dumitrașcu Tehnoredactare: Victoria Dumitrașcu Prepress: Editura Cartier Tipar: Bons Offices (nr. 536) Igor Munteanu, Iulian Chifu, Romaniţa Berghia, Iulian Fruntașu, Nicolae Chirtoacă, Valeriu Prohniţchi, Dan Dungaciu, Boris Asarov, Radu Gorincioi, Ion Naval MOLDOVA ON ITS WAY TO DEMOCRACY AND STABILITY. FROM THE POST-SOVIET SPACE INTO THE WORLD OF DEMOCRATIC VALUES Ediţia I, noiembrie 2005 © Igor Munteanu, Iulian Chifu, Romaniţa Berghia, Iulian Fruntașu, Nicolae Chirtoacă, Valeriu Prohniţchi, Dan Dungaciu, Boris Asarov, Radu Gorincioi, Ion Naval 2005, pentru prezenta ediţie. Această ediţie a apărut în 2005 la Editura Cartier. Toate drepturile rezervate. Cărţile Cartier sunt disponibile în limita stocului și a bunului de difuzare. Această publicaţie a apărut cu sprijinul financiar al The German Marshall Fund (GMF) din SUA. Opiniile exprimate de autorii acestui studiu le aparţin în exclusivitate. Descrierea CIP a Camerei Naţionale a Cărţii Munteanu, Igor Moldova on its way to democracy and stability. From the post-soviet space into the world of democratic values / Igor Munteanu. — Ch.: Cartier, 2005 (Bons Offices). — 264 p. ISBN 9975-79-378-9 500 ex. 323/324(478) M 87 ISBN 9975-79-378-9 FROM THE POST-SOVIET SPACE TOWARDS THE WORLD OF DEMOCRATIC VALUES 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The study “Moldova on the Way to Democracy and Stability: from the Post-Soviet Space towards the World of Democratic Values, published with the support of GMF (German Marshall Fund of the United States of America), seeks to offer its readers the possibility to understand the structure and the character of the security risks facing a society in the period of transition, based on the example of the Republic of Moldova. The book designs and explores a series of analytical tools and concepts widely used in international specialty literature. The study reunites a number of authors known for their articles and their professional performance: Nicolae Chirtoaca, Iulian Chifu, Igor Munteanu, Dan Dungaciu and Valeriu Prohnitchi, Iulian Fruntasu, Radu Gorincioi and Boris Asarov. Their presence in this anthology of topical papers dealing with various aspects of home affairs and international security issues comes as a prologue to a series of important efforts towards strengthening the rule of law in Moldova. These efforts stems from a considerable rethinking of the security sector reform, including policy-making and policy-design, public education and public awareness activities, aiming to ensure public, individ- ual, economic and political security, which is so needed by the citizens of the Republic of Moldova. Among the solutions forwarded by the authors are, undeniably, fast, total and consistent integration of the Republic of Moldova into the main western institutions, the de-Sovetization of public, civil and military institutions of the state, the reform of the public sector, which should produce more clarifications regarding the role of the state, political elites and public service, in formulat- ing the state priorities, as well as some efficient policies of social and economic development. This way we thank all those who have contributed to the writing of this study, all the colleagues and friends, reviewers and partners, who had a con- structive influence upon its current shape. 6 MOLDOVA ON THE WAY TO DEMOCRACY AND STABILITY FROM THE POST-SOVIET SPACE TOWARDS THE WORLD OF DEMOCRATIC VALUES 7 PREFACE Since the disintegration of the USSR in 1991, Republic of Moldova has made clear progress towards the consolidation of its state, of its military and civil institutions, making itself notable on the geopolitical map of Europe. How- ever, Moldova seems to be still scarcely present on the mental maps of the deci- sion-makers from the West. Unlike the Baltic nations, that embedded themselves into the mind of the European public as a cohesive group of free nations, distinct from their poorer neighbors (Belorussians, Russians or Ukrainians, whit their more violent hystory after the disintegration of the Soviet Union), Moldova was approached with prudence if not completely neglected so that when important EU officials have remembered, after 2003, about the post-soviet origins of this republic, the Chisinau diplomacy felt offended. Frankly speaking, the policy of forgiving and the ambiguity were the main ways of treatment through which the West has avoided any similarity between the path of the Republic of Moldova and of the 3 Baltic countries even since their detachment from the USSR and the restoration of their formerly bour- geois statehoods, destroyed by the Soviets after the Molotov – Ribbentrop Pact. But these are all the similarities that could be made between the path followed by Chisinau and those adopted in Vilnius, Riga or Tallinn. After the recovery of independence by these states, the West has not tolerated the presence of Russian troops on their territory a single day while for Moldova, even the ac- knowledgement of its independence was conditioned, in the autumn of 1991, by the signing of a peace treaty with the Russian Federation and the adherence to the CIS. The most important institutions of the Western community (EU, CECS, UN) have remained in expectance even when the foreign mercenar- ies and military forces of the Russian federation were openly and massively involving into the support of a bloody military rebellion in the Republic of Moldova during March-July combat hostilities against a state, which was rec- ognized by the UN only some days before that. The sudden dissolution of the USSR has caused the effect of a massive “de- centralization” of political and military powers in the former soviet republics, at the same time creating the impression of a security vacuum, deprived of any kind of stability guarantees. Unlike the Baltic Nations, who managed to rap- idly and elastically take the control over basic elements of the state sovereignty in their countries with the enthusiastic, full and unconditioned support of the West, which that allowed them to evacuate permanently all the foreign military 8 MOLDOVA ON THE WAY TO DEMOCRACY AND STABILITY troops off their sovereign territory, in less than 2 years and without victims, becoming, this way, truly free and open towards the integration
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