DOCSLIB.ORG

Structural Diversity and Contrasted Evolution of Cytoplasmic Genomes in Flowering Plants :A Phylogenomic Approach in Oleaceae Celine Van De Paer

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Structural Diversity and Contrasted Evolution of Cytoplasmic Genomes in Flowering Plants :A Phylogenomic Approach in Oleaceae Celine Van De Paer Structural diversity and contrasted evolution of cytoplasmic genomes in flowering plants :a phylogenomic approach in Oleaceae Celine van de Paer To cite this version: Celine van de Paer. Structural diversity and contrasted evolution of cytoplasmic genomes in flowering plants : a phylogenomic approach in Oleaceae. Vegetal Biology. Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2017. English. NNT : 2017TOU30228. tel-02325872 HAL Id: tel-02325872 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02325872 Submitted on 22 Oct 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. REMERCIEMENTS Remerciements Mes premiers remerciements s'adressent à mon directeur de thèse GUILLAUME BESNARD. Tout d'abord, merci Guillaume de m'avoir proposé ce sujet de thèse sur la famille des Oleaceae. Merci pour ton enthousiasme et ta passion pour la recherche qui m'ont véritablement portée pendant ces trois années. C'était un vrai plaisir de travailler à tes côtés. Moi qui étais focalisée sur les systèmes de reproduction chez les plantes, tu m'as ouvert à un nouveau domaine de la recherche tout aussi intéressant qui est l'évolution moléculaire (même si je suis loin de maîtriser tous les concepts...). Tu as toujours été bienveillant et à l'écoute, je t'en remercie. Je te remercie d'avoir été aussi présent et de m'avoir épaulée lorsque j'en avais besoin. J'ai aussi beaucoup apprécié ta rigueur scientifique. Je te remercie pour ton investissement en termes de temps et d'énergie et pour tes retours constructifs lors de l'écriture des papiers ou du manuscrit. Merci de m'avoir fait confiance. Je te remercie de m'avoir donné la possibilité de faire des expérimentions à Montpellier lors de ma première année de thèse et de m'avoir permis de travailler sur d'autres projets tels que celui des acacias et des aulnes. Merci également de m'avoir fait partager les petits moments de bonheur/malheur et les aléas de la vie de chercheur, quasi quotidiennement (sûrement parfois au grand désespoir de mes chers collègues de bureau). Et puis, une thèse, c'est aussi la rencontre entre un doctorant et un directeur de thèse, c'est la rencontre de deux personnes et c'est la rencontre de deux caractères. Les nôtres sont assez différents, mais c'est aussi la complémentarité de nos caractères qui a fait que ces trois ans se sont aussi bien passés. Alors une dernière fois merci Guillaume, ces trois ans ont été pour moi une des expériences les plus enrichissantes scientifiquement, mais aussi humainement. Et puis j'espère que tu continueras à me raconter tes petites histoires d'Oleaceae, de graminées, de tortues, de pigeons, ... bref, tes petites histoires de science! *** Si je me suis lancée dans le projet fou de faire une thèse, ce n'est pas tout à fait par hasard, surtout une thèse sur les Oleaceae! Parfois, tout se joue à un détail … Tout a commencé en 2011. Petite stagiaire de L2 au laboratoire de Lille (Evo-Eco- Paléo, qui s'appelait alors GEPV), je travaillais sur l'auto-fécondation chez la Silene. Une partie de mon travail consistait à peser des feuilles de Silene et à préparer des plaques d'extraction. Alors que je pesais mes petites feuilles de Silene, un certain Pierre est arrivé dans la salle de manip et m'a gentiment fait remarquer que ma balance était mal calibrée et qu'il fallait que je travaille un peu plus proprement. Un détail. Un détail, certes, mais un détail qui témoignait d'une rigueur scientifique et qui m'a donné envie de travailler avec ce Pierre, que je ne connaissais absolument pas. L'année suivante, c'est donc tout naturellement que j'ai décidé d'effectuer mon stage de L3 avec Pierre Saumitou-Laprade. J'ai d'abord travaillé sur la répartition racinaire d'un sol calaminaire (en extrayant à la pince quelques milliers de racines de blocs de terre), puis j'ai rapidement bifurqué sur les questions liées aux systèmes de reproduction chez les Oleaceae. C'est ainsi que je tiens à remercier PIERRE SAUMITOU-LAPRADE. Merci Pierre de m'avoir fait partager ta passion pour la recherche et de m'avoir fait découvrir l'histoire étonnante et fascinante des systèmes de reproduction chez les Oleaceae. Merci pour ton écoute, ta rigueur scientifique et ta patience. Merci de m'avoir permis de faire des stages passionnants à tes côtés pendant plusieurs étés. Merci pour ces sorties terrains dans des lieux magnifiques : que ce soit dans la baie de Canche, dans le Platier d'Oye ou dans les Cévennes. - 1 - REMERCIEMENTS Merci pour ta bonne humeur, ta bienveillance et ton optimisme. Je remercie également PHILIPPE VERNET : travailler avec vous deux, Pierre et Philippe, a été particulièrement enrichissant pour moi. Je tiens aussi à remercier le laboratoire de Lille pour m'avoir accueillie en stages (obligatoires et volontaires) pendant plusieurs années. Travailler sur les Oleaceae m'a également permis de me réconcilier avec les équations. Je tiens en effet à remercier SYLVAIN BILLIARD pour m'avoir ouvert au monde de la modélisation. Je souhaite à tout étudiant (souhaitant faire de la modélisation ou non) d'être encadré par une personne comme toi. Merci pour ton sens de la pédagogie, merci pour ta patience et pour le temps que tu as toujours pris pour expliquer, voire ré-expliquer, certains principes, même les plus simples. Merci pour ton écoute ; merci d'être ouvert à toutes les questions, même celles qui nous paraissent les plus bêtes et naïves. Merci pour ton savant dosage entre la part d'encadrement et la part de liberté et d'autonomie accordées à tes étudiants. Travailler à tes côtés a été vraiment stimulant scientifiquement et intellectuellement. Merci pour nos discussions diverses ; c'est toujours un plaisir de discuter avec toi de sujets scientifiques, ou simplement de parler de la vie en général. Merci Sylvain. Ce sont donc ces différentes expériences scientifiques partagées avec Pierre, Philippe et Sylvain qui m'ont donné envie de faire de la recherche et qui m'ont amenée à faire cette thèse auprès de Guillaume; c'est pourquoi je tenais à les remercier à leur juste valeur. *** Je remercie la REGION MIDI-PYRENEES et le LABEX TULIP d'avoir financé cette thèse. Je remercie YAMAMA NACIRI, XAVIER VEKEMANS, JEROME DUMINIL, EMILIE LECOMPTE et CHRISTOPHE THEBAUD d'avoir accepté de faire partie de mon jury de thèse, et particulièrement YAMAMA NACIRI et XAVIER VEKEMANS d'avoir accepté d'être mes rapporteurs. Je remercie les membres de mes comités de thèse pour leurs remarques et leurs suggestions constructives : merci à PIERRE-OLIVIER CHEPTOU, RAFAEL RUBIO DE CASAS, SYLVAIN BILLIARD, PIERRE SAUMITOU-LAPRADE, PHILIPPE VERNET, HERVE PHILIPPE et PASCAL-ANTOINE CHRISTIN. Je remercie PIERRE-OLIVIER CHEPTOU de m'avoir permis de faire mes expérimentations au CEFE de Montpellier lors de ma première année de thèse. Par ailleurs, je remercie THIERRY MATHIEU et PAULINE DURBIN pour leurs soins apportés aux oliviers Laperrine situés dans le jardin expérimental du CEFE de Montpellier et d'avoir mis à ma disposition tout ce dont j'avais besoin lors de mes expérimentations. Je remercie JACQUES LEPART, PIERRE SAUMITOU-LAPRADE et PHILIPPE VERNET pour leur aide précieuse lors de ces expérimentations. Je remercie BENOIT DESPLANQUES pour son accueil dans son oliveraie et d'avoir mis à ma disposition ses oliviers pour effectuer mes manipulations. Je remercie HERVE PHILIPPE pour son aide et pour toutes les discussions constructives et enrichissantes que nous avons eu sur les conséquences génomiques d'un potentiel «paternal leakage ». Je remercie PASCAL-ANTOINE CHRISTIN pour son aide sur les analyses de sélection. - 2 - REMERCIEMENTS Je remercie MOHAMED MENSOUS, avec qui j'ai collaboré sur le papier de la diversité des plastomes chez les acacias. Je remercie l'ensemble des membres du LABORATOIRE EDB pour l'atmosphère de travail stimulante qui y règne. Merci à SOPHIE MANZI, AMAIA IRIBAR-PELOZUELO et HELENE HOLOTA pour leur aide et leur investissement dans la partie séquençage. Merci à DOMINIQUE PANTALACCI, CATHERINE CAUNES, LESLIE LEFRANC, LINDA JALABERT et NICOLE HOMMET pour toute la partie administrative. Je remercie tous les DOCTORANTS ET POST-DOC du labo (je ne me risquerai pas à tous vous nommer de peur d'en oublier) pour votre bonne humeur qui rend le quotidien plus agréable. Je remercie KEVIN pour son aide précieuse avec R. Un merci particulier à tous ceux qui ont partagé mon bureau : BORIS, LEA, ARTHUR, ISABELLE, MARINE et SEBASTIEN ; merci à tous pour votre bonne humeur et la bonne ambiance qui règne dans le bureau, merci de m'avoir supportée au quotidien, merci pour votre bienveillance, merci de m'avoir encouragée et rassurée dans les moments difficiles. Et désolée Marine, mais 2 ans dans le même bureau n'auront pas suffi pour me faire aimer le jazz (un jour, j'en suis sûre, j'aurai le déclic!). Merci à SANDRA. C'était un plaisir de faire du sport avec toi pendant 1 an, on remet ça dès que Cacahuète a pointé le bout de son nez ! Merci pour nos discussions diverses et variées (qui ressemblent souvent à des « réunions Tupperware », avouons-le...). Merci pour ton soutien et tes encouragements dans la dernière ligne droite. Merci à MARINA ; merci pour ton écoute et pour nos petites discussions de thésardes.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • New Insights on Above Ground Biomass and Forest Attributes In
    Forest Ecology and Management 399 (2017) 235–246 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forest Ecology and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco New insights on above ground biomass and forest attributes in tropical montane forests ⇑ Aida Cuni-Sanchez a, , Marion Pfeifer b, Rob Marchant c, Kim Calders d,e, Cathrine L. Sørensen a, Patrícia V. Pompeu f, Simon L. Lewis d,g, Neil D. Burgess a,h a Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark b School of Biology, Newcastle University, Ridley Building 2, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK c York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NG, UK d Department of Geography, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK e Earth Observation, Climate and Optical Group, National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, UK f Department of Forestry, Federal University of Lavras, PO Box 3037, Lavras, Brazil g School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK h United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Center, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, UK article info abstract Article history: Despite the potential of tropical montane forests to store and sequester substantial amounts of carbon, Received 5 November 2016 little is known about the above ground biomass (AGB) and the factors affecting it in these ecosystems, Received in revised form 15 May 2017 especially in Africa. We investigated the height-diameter allometry, AGB, and related differences in Accepted 16 May 2017 AGB to taxonomic and structural forest attributes in three distinct forest types (dry, mixed species and elfin) in three mountains of northern Kenya.
    [Show full text]
  • Forestiera Lace Bugs Leptoypha Elliptica (From Wheeler, 2002) (No Common Names) Leptoypha Elliptica Leptoypha Ilicis Contributor: Alfred G
    Forestiera Lace Bugs Leptoypha elliptica (from Wheeler, 2002) (No common names) Leptoypha elliptica Leptoypha ilicis Contributor: Alfred G. Wheeler DESCRIPTION Taxonomy and Basic Description Both adults and nymphs of the family Tingidae are strictly phytophagous. Lace bugs are mostly host restricted, developing on plants of only one genus or several related genera. They are found mainly on woody plants, the nymphs feeding on lower surfaces of leaves. Their feeding on mesophyll tissues usually results in a bleached or chlorotic appearance of the upper leaf surface and dark spots of excrement on the lower surface. Some lace bugs feed on herbaceous vascular plants and species of one genus (Acalypta) feed mainly on mosses. Lace bugs associated with small trees and shrubs of the genus Forestiera (olive family; Oleaceae) include two morphologically similar species of Leptoypha. McAtee described L. elliptica from Texas in 1917; L. ilicis was described in 1919 from Georgia by Drake. Only recently was the specific name of the latter species shown to be a Leptoypha ilicis (from Wheeler, 2002) misnomer. This lace bug was named ilicis because of its assumed host association: Ilex sp. Its actual hosts are species of Forestiera, the plant mentioned in the original description having been misidentified. Forestiera species bear a superficial resemblance to certain species of Ilex (holly; family Aquifoliaceae). Leptoypha species are small (about 3 mm long or 0.12 inches), elongate or narrowly oblong, and straw yellow to reddish brown. A hood (prothoracic covering of the head) and paranota (lateral expansions of pronotum), which characterize many lace bugs, are lacking. Also absent is the translucent lacy appearance of the forewings (hemelytra) that is typical of the Tingidae; elevations of the forewings also are absent.
    [Show full text]
  • Cool Temperate Mixed Forest Investigation Report
    INVESTIGATION REPORT COOL TEMPERATE RAINFOREST & MIXED FOREST RAINFOREST SITE OF SIGNIFICANCE (EG85 - Hensleigh - Far Creek) COAST RANGE ROAD VicForests Logging coupe 886-509-0012 Abstract Sections of VicForests scheduled logging coupe 886-509-0012 were investigated to assess the presence and extent of Cool Temperate Rainforest and Cool Temperate Mixed Forest communities. Areas of Cool Temperate Rainforest were identified within coupe 886-509-0012. These areas of the study location were readily identified by the presence of rainforest character species and the comparative structural composition of these stands to those expected to be found in mature rainforest. Cool Temperate Mixed Forest (Mixed Forest) areas of the study location within coupe 886-509- 0012 were identified by noting the presence of characteristic Mixed Forest species including in their formation of a multi-layer structured community comprised of Mixed Forest character species of an advanced age class, the presence of cool temperate rainforest character and differential species, and the topographic contiguity and relative proximity between the Mixed Forest areas within coupe 886-509- 0012 and the extant Mixed Forest clearly identifiable in the adjacent forest areas immediately to the north of coupe 886-509-0012 across Coast Range Road in the Errinundra National Park. This investigation also notes that coupe 886-509-0012 is located within a “Rainforest Site of Significance” (EG85 - Hensleigh - Far Creek). Recommendations are made to the Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning (DELWP) and to VicForests to ensure that all areas of Cool Temperate Rainforest and Mixed Forest are excluded from logging and that no further logging is undertaken within the “Rainforest Site of Significance”.
    [Show full text]
  • (Olea Europaea L.) Through Plastome Sequence Comparison Roberto Mariotti1, Nicolò GM Cultrera1, Concepcion Muñoz Díez2, Luciana Baldoni1*, Andrea Rubini1
    Mariotti et al. BMC Plant Biology 2010, 10:211 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/10/211 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Identification of new polymorphic regions and differentiation of cultivated olives (Olea europaea L.) through plastome sequence comparison Roberto Mariotti1, Nicolò GM Cultrera1, Concepcion Muñoz Díez2, Luciana Baldoni1*, Andrea Rubini1 Abstract Background: The cultivated olive (Olea europaea L.) is the most agriculturally important species of the Oleaceae family. Although many studies have been performed on plastid polymorphisms to evaluate taxonomy, phylogeny and phylogeography of Olea subspecies, only few polymorphic regions discriminating among the agronomically and economically important olive cultivars have been identified. The objective of this study was to sequence the entire plastome of olive and analyze many potential polymorphic regions to develop new inter-cultivar genetic markers. Results: The complete plastid genome of the olive cultivar Frantoio was determined by direct sequence analysis using universal and novel PCR primers designed to amplify all overlapping regions. The chloroplast genome of the olive has an organisation and gene order that is conserved among numerous Angiosperm species and do not contain any of the inversions, gene duplications, insertions, inverted repeat expansions and gene/intron losses that have been found in the chloroplast genomes of the genera Jasminum and Menodora, from the same family as Olea. The annotated sequence was used to evaluate the content of coding genes, the extent, and distribution of repeated and long dispersed sequences and the nucleotide composition pattern. These analyses provided essential information for structural, functional and comparative genomic studies in olive plastids. Furthermore, the alignment of the olive plastome sequence to those of other varieties and species identified 30 new organellar polymorphisms within the cultivated olive.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is a Tree in the Mediterranean Basin Hotspot? a Critical Analysis
    Médail et al. Forest Ecosystems (2019) 6:17 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40663-019-0170-6 RESEARCH Open Access What is a tree in the Mediterranean Basin hotspot? A critical analysis Frédéric Médail1* , Anne-Christine Monnet1, Daniel Pavon1, Toni Nikolic2, Panayotis Dimopoulos3, Gianluigi Bacchetta4, Juan Arroyo5, Zoltán Barina6, Marwan Cheikh Albassatneh7, Gianniantonio Domina8, Bruno Fady9, Vlado Matevski10, Stephen Mifsud11 and Agathe Leriche1 Abstract Background: Tree species represent 20% of the vascular plant species worldwide and they play a crucial role in the global functioning of the biosphere. The Mediterranean Basin is one of the 36 world biodiversity hotspots, and it is estimated that forests covered 82% of the landscape before the first human impacts, thousands of years ago. However, the spatial distribution of the Mediterranean biodiversity is still imperfectly known, and a focus on tree species constitutes a key issue for understanding forest functioning and develop conservation strategies. Methods: We provide the first comprehensive checklist of all native tree taxa (species and subspecies) present in the Mediterranean-European region (from Portugal to Cyprus). We identified some cases of woody species difficult to categorize as trees that we further called “cryptic trees”. We collected the occurrences of tree taxa by “administrative regions”, i.e. country or large island, and by biogeographical provinces. We studied the species-area relationship, and evaluated the conservation issues for threatened taxa following IUCN criteria. Results: We identified 245 tree taxa that included 210 species and 35 subspecies, belonging to 33 families and 64 genera. It included 46 endemic tree taxa (30 species and 16 subspecies), mainly distributed within a single biogeographical unit.
    [Show full text]
  • Priogymnanthus Colombianus (Oleaceae), a New Species and First Record of Genus to Colombia
    Phytotaxa 399 (3): 195–202 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/pt/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.399.3.3 Priogymnanthus colombianus (Oleaceae), a new species and first record of genus to Colombia JOSÉ LUIS FERNÁNDEZ-ALONSO1* & PAULA ANDREA MORALES MORALES2 1Real Jardín Botánico –CSIC. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Conservación. Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid. España. Email: [email protected]. ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-480X 2Herbario Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Apartado aéreo 1226, Medellín. Colombia. Email: [email protected]. ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9167-6027 *Corresponding author Abstract Priogymnanthus colombianus, a new species and the first record of the South American genus of Oleaceae for Colombia is described and illustrated also we present a dichotomic key for the known species of genus. The new species differs from the three knowns for Priogymnanthus by: leaves oblong or oblong-elliptic, completely glabrous, petioles 10–17 (19) mm; inflorescences 15–20 (25) mm in length, with glabrous rachis, anthers about 3 mm length; fruits (10) 12–15 mm in diameter. P. colombianus occurs on premontane and dry forest in Colombia between 719 and 1213 m of elevation. Based on general threats to its ecosystems and few records found, we categorize the species as EN (endangered) following IUCN criteria. Resumen Se describe e ilustra Priogymnanthus colombianus, una nueva especie y primer representante de este género suramericano de Oleaceae en Colombia, y se presenta una clave dicotómica para la identificación de las especies conocidas del género.
    [Show full text]
  • The Flora of Guadalupe Island, Mexico
    qQ 11 C17X NH THE FLORA OF GUADALUPE ISLAND, MEXICO By Reid Moran Published by the California Academy of Sciences San Francisco, California Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences, Number 19 The pride of Guadalupe Island, the endemic Cisfuiillw giiailulupensis. flowering on a small islet off the southwest coast, with cliffs of the main island as a background; 19 April 1957. This plant is rare on the main island, surviving only on cliffs out of reach of goats, but common here on sjoatless Islote Nccro. THE FLORA OF GUADALUPE ISLAND, MEXICO Q ^ THE FLORA OF GUADALUPE ISLAND, MEXICO By Reid Moran y Published by the California Academy of Sciences San Francisco, California Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences, Number 19 San Francisco July 26, 1996 SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE: Alan E. Lcviton. Ediinr Katie Martin, Managing Editor Thomas F. Daniel Michael Ghiselin Robert C. Diewes Wojciech .1. Pulawski Adam Schift" Gary C. Williams © 1906 by the California Academy of Sciences, Golden (iate Park. San Francisco, California 94118 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any infcMination storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 96-084362 ISBN 0-940228-40-8 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract vii Resumen viii Introduction 1 Guadalupe Island Description I Place names 9 Climate 13 History 15 Other Biota 15 The Vascular Plants Native
    [Show full text]
  • Trees and Plants for Bees and Beekeepers in the Upper Mara Basin
    Trees and plants for bees and beekeepers in the Upper Mara Basin Guide to useful melliferous trees and crops for beekeepers December 2017 Contents Who is this guide for? .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction to the MaMaSe Project .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Market driven forest conservation initiatives in the Upper Mara basin ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 Water, apiculture, forests, trees and livelihoods ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 Types of bees ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 How this
    [Show full text]
  • THE JEPSON GLOBE a Newsletter from the Friends of the Jepson Herbarium
    THE JEPSON GLOBE A Newsletter from the Friends of The Jepson Herbarium VOLUME 26 NUMBER 1, Spring 2016 Curator’s Column: Museomics The Jepson Manual: Vascular Reveals Secrets of the Dead Plants of California, Second By Bruce G. Baldwin Edition: Supplement III Over the last decade, herbaria By Bruce G. Baldwin have received well-deserved public- The latest set of revisions to The Jep- ity as treasure troves of undiscovered son Manual, second edition (TJM2) and biodiversity, with the recognition that the Jepson eFlora was released online most “new” species named in the last in December 2015. The rapid pace of half-century have long resided in col- discovery and description of vascular lections prior to their detection and plant taxa that are new-to-science for original description. The prospect also California and the rarity and endanger- has emerged for unlocking the secrets of ment of most of those new taxa have plants and other organisms that no lon- warranted prioritization of revisions ger share our planet as living organisms that incorporate such diversity — and and, sadly, reside only in collections. Map of California, split apart to show newly introduced, putatively aggressive Technological advances that now al- the Regions of the Jepson eFlora. invasives — so that detection of such low for DNA sequencing on a genomic Source: Jepson Flora Project. plants in the field and in collections scale also are well suited for studying Regional dichotomous keys now is not impeded. The continuing taxo- old, highly degraded specimens, as re- nomic reorganization of genera and, to cent reconstruction of the Neanderthal available for the Jepson eFlora some extent, families in order to reflect genome has shown.
    [Show full text]
  • Nestegis Lanceolata
    Nestegis lanceolata COMMON NAME White maire SYNONYMS Olea lanceolata Hook.f.; Gymnelaea lanceolata (Hook.f.) L.A.S.Johnson FAMILY Oleaceae AUTHORITY Nestegis lanceolata (Hook.f.) L.A.S.Johnson FLORA CATEGORY Vascular – Native ENDEMIC TAXON Yes ENDEMIC GENUS Close up of fruits, Te Moehau (March). No Photographer: John Smith-Dodsworth ENDEMIC FAMILY No STRUCTURAL CLASS Trees & Shrubs - Dicotyledons NVS CODE NESLAN CHROMOSOME NUMBER 2n = 46 CURRENT CONSERVATION STATUS 2012 | Not Threatened PREVIOUS CONSERVATION STATUSES 2009 | Not Threatened 2004 | Not Threatened BRIEF DESCRIPTION Tree bearing pairs of dark green narrow smooth leaves that are pale Adult foliage, Waitakere Ranges. Photographer: green underneath. Leaves 5-9cm long by 1-2.5cm wide. Fruit red, 8-11mm Peter de Lange long, containing a single seed. DISTRIBUTION Endemic. North and South Islands. Widespread and common in the North Island except in the southern part of range (Horowhenua, southern Wairarapa and Wellington areas). Very uncommon in the South Island where it is locally present in the Marlborough Sounds, reaching its southern limit along the Tuamarina River. HABITAT Widespread in coastal to montane forest. Commonly found on steep hill slopes and ridge lines but also can be locally common in riparian forest. As a rule white maire tends to avoid frost-prone habitats and sites that frequently flood. In the northern part of its range it is often found with narrow-leaved maire (Nestegis montana) and black maire (Nestegis cunninghamii). In some parts of eastern Northland it is also found in coastal forest with Nestegis apetala. FEATURES Stout gynodioecious spreading tree up to 20 m tall usually forming a domed canopy; trunk up to c.
    [Show full text]
  • Studies on the Trichomes of Some Oleaceae, Structure and Ontogeny
    STUDIES ON THE TRICHOMES OF SOME OLEACEAE, STRUCTURE AND ONTOGENY B~ J. A. INAMDAR (Department of Botany, Sardar Patel Univeraity, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat) Received August 22, 1967 (Communicated by Prof. V. Puff, r.A.sc.) ABSTRACT Some twelve types of tricho~aes are described for four species of Jasminum and Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. They fall under two main categories, the eglandular and the glandular trichomes. The systematic position of Nyctanthes seems to be quite natural in the family Oleaceae. INTRODUCTION The family Oleaceae has received considerable attention of the botanists particularly with reference to the systcmatic position of Nyctanthes and the monotypic genus Dimetra. Airy SEaw (1952) transferred these gcnera to the Verbenaceae on morphological grounds. Stant (1952) has supported Airy Shaw on anatomical grounds. Johnson (1957) in a review of the family Oleaceae opined that Nyctanthes should be excluded from Oleaceae based on the cytological findings of Taylor (1945). On the other hand the embryo- logical data (Patel, 1963; Kapil, 1967) suggests that Nyctanthes should be retained in the Oleaceae. Several workers (De Bary, 1884; Cowan, 1950, Goodspeed, 1954; Carlquist, 1958, 1959a, 1959b, 1959c, 1961; Mathur, 1961 ; Ramayya, 1962 a, 1962b, 1963) have described the structure and development of trichomes and glands in several angisoperm families. The present investi- gation was carried out to find if the trichomes ~nd glands could be of any help in settling the doubtful systematic position of Oleaceous genera. The present paper deals with the study of eglandular and glandular (glands) trichomes on the vegetative organs of four species of Jasminum, viz., J.
    [Show full text]
  • New Records of Alien Species in the Ohio Vascular Flora1
    New Records of Alien Species in the Ohio Vascular Flora1 MICHAEL A. VINCENT AND ALLISON W. CUSICK, Department of Botany, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, and Division of Natural Areas and Preserves, Ohio Department of Natural Resources, Fountain Square, Columbus, OH 43224 ABSTRACT. Examination of specimens of vascular plants from various herbaria, as well as field collections, have revealed 70 taxa not previously reported for Ohio, or previously reported without documentation. This paper documents these new taxa, 44% of which are escapes of woody landscape plants. The specimens cited represent 55 genera in 30 families. Of these, the following genera are first reports for the state: Achyranthes, Albizia, Carthamus, Cercidiphyllum, Cotoneaster, Dactyloctenium, Fontanesia, Gaillardia, Guizotia, Gypsophila, Stenosiphon, Tripsacum, and Zinnia. Cercidiphyllaceae is the only family reported as new for the state. Some taxa cited in this paper represent first reports as escapes for North America. These are Cotoneaster divaricatus (Rosaceae), Fontanesia fortunei (Oleaceae), Magnolia X soulangeana (Magnoliaceae), Magnolia stellata (Magnoliaceae), Viburnum buddleifolium (Capri- foliaceae), and Viburnum x rhytidiphylloides (Caprifoliaceae). OHIO J SCI 98 (2): 10-17, 1998 INTRODUCTION these proved to be new to the state. Specimens were The alien element in the Ohio vascular flora is dynamic. also examined at the following herbaria: BAYLU, BHO, Taxa appear, flourish, and, occasionally, disappear on BGSU, CINC, CLM, CM, DAO, F, GA, GB, GH, ISC, KE, waves of disturbance. Agriculture, transportation, urbani- MICH, MO, MU, NA, NLU, NY, OS, OSH, UAM, UC, US, zation and a host of anthropogenic factors constantly VDB, and VPI (herbarium acronyms from Holmgren and alter habitats and introduce novelties into our flora.
    [Show full text]