RAV AHARON LICHTENSTEIN: ZIONISM and KNESSET YISRAEL RABBI BARUCH WEINTRAUB Sgan Rosh Beit Midrash Emeritus, YU Torah Mitzion Beit Midrash Zichron Dov of Toronto

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

RAV AHARON LICHTENSTEIN: ZIONISM and KNESSET YISRAEL RABBI BARUCH WEINTRAUB Sgan Rosh Beit Midrash Emeritus, YU Torah Mitzion Beit Midrash Zichron Dov of Toronto RAV AHARON LICHTENSTEIN: ZIONISM AND KNESSET YISRAEL RABBI BARUCH WEINTRAUB Sgan Rosh Beit Midrash Emeritus, YU Torah MiTzion Beit Midrash Zichron Dov of Toronto Speaking for myself, I am far from totally he discussed “the nature and root of identifying with the official Zionist the precedence afforded to the poor ideology. I have the privilege of being of Eretz Yisrael, and the relationship regarded in America as a bit odd for between the mitzva of tzedaka itself being a Zionist, and in Eretz Yisrael to Eretz Yisrael.” (“Tzedaka in Eretz as being a little odd (at least within Yisrael and in Chutz La-Aretz” our world) for being suspect as not available at https://www.etzion.org. sufficiently Zionist. il/en/tzedaka-eretz-yisrael-and-chutz- By His Light, Rav Aharon la-aretz); the obligation to appoint Lichtenstein kings and ordained Rabbis in Eretz The view of Mori VeRabi, Rav Aharon Yisrael alone (“Semicha in Eretz Lichtenstein zt”l on Zionism was Yisrael and in Chutz La-Aretz”); the complex, nuanced and rich. As in connection between Eretz Yisrael every other aspect of life, he aspired and the sanctification of months and Rav Aharon Lichtenstein zt”l to see things “steadily and whole,” in years (Kedushat Aviv, p. 221); and the 1933–2015 the words of Matthew Arnold. His restriction of the eglah arufah (broken- Zionism was based on solid halakhic necked calf) to the land’s boundaries foundations, inspired by a firm (ibid, p. 270). something to be idealized and desired; belief in human responsibility and Rav Lichtenstein explained that all nay, he sees it as “alien to the ideal sensitive to the sacral, metaphysical these mitzvot not only relate to the Jewish nation … a political reality and historical uniqueness of the Holy individual Jew but are part of our imposed upon us by our enemies.” Land. In the following lines, I would national commitment to build a just The rationale of the drafting of yeshiva like to briefly introduce one of the society. Only in Eretz Yisrael does students, then, rests upon “the fact key elements that stood as the basis of Knesset Yisrael appear as one unified that military service is often the fullest Rav Lichtenstein’s Zionist thought — body and not as a mere collection of manifestation of a far broader value: Knesset Yisrael, its role and the duty it individuals. Therefore, these mitzvot gemilut hasadim, the empathetic entails. are greatly enhanced, and some are concern for others and action on their only possible, in Eretz Yisrael. behalf.” Here again, Rav Lichtenstein’s In a few of his “technical” halakhic Zionist approach is “impelled by essays, Rav Lichtenstein developed a This strong sense of common both commitment to Torah and common theme; namely, that certain national existence was not limited compassion for our people.” mitzvot, when performed in Eretz to theoretical analysis. Rather, Rav Yisrael, carry a special dimension that Lichtenstein put it at the forefront The choice of a person who, while is lacking outside of the Land; other of his seminal paper — “Zot Torat residing in the United States grappled, mitzvot are rendered completely Hahesder” (The ideology of Hesder). together with his wife, with the option inaccessible when not performed in There he developed what was then of aliyah … who never looked back the land. a novel idea — that Israeli yeshiva in regret or reconsideration, possibly students must integrate army service signifies the bonding power of derishat Rav Lichtenstein proposed that Zion … it is part of what links us, underlying these halakhot was in the IDF into their yeshiva years not because the secular law requires vertically and horizontally, with Knesset an assertion about “the collective Yisrael. standing of the Jewish population in them to do so, but because of their most deep moral and halakhic Varieties of Jewish Experience, Rav Eretz Yisrael, about which the Gemara Lichtenstein writes, ‘These are the ones referred to commitment. Rav Lichtenstein goes out of his way to explain that he does as “kahal”’ (Horiyot 3). In this light, not see the military force per se as 8 Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary • The Benjamin and Rose Berger CJF Torah To-Go Series • Yom Haatzmaut 5779.
Recommended publications
  • 1 Jews, Gentiles, and the Modern Egalitarian Ethos
    Jews, Gentiles, and the Modern Egalitarian Ethos: Some Tentative Thoughts David Berger The deep and systemic tension between contemporary egalitarianism and many authoritative Jewish texts about gentiles takes varying forms. Most Orthodox Jews remain untroubled by some aspects of this tension, understanding that Judaism’s affirmation of chosenness and hierarchy can inspire and ennoble without denigrating others. In other instances, affirmations of metaphysical differences between Jews and gentiles can take a form that makes many of us uncomfortable, but we have the legitimate option of regarding them as non-authoritative. Finally and most disturbing, there are positions affirmed by standard halakhic sources from the Talmud to the Shulhan Arukh that apparently stand in stark contrast to values taken for granted in the modern West and taught in other sections of the Torah itself. Let me begin with a few brief observations about the first two categories and proceed to somewhat more extended ruminations about the third. Critics ranging from medieval Christians to Mordecai Kaplan have directed withering fire at the doctrine of the chosenness of Israel. Nonetheless, if we examine an overarching pattern in the earliest chapters of the Torah, we discover, I believe, that this choice emerges in a universalist context. The famous statement in the Mishnah (Sanhedrin 4:5) that Adam was created singly so that no one would be able to say, “My father is greater than yours” underscores the universality of the original divine intent. While we can never know the purpose of creation, one plausible objective in light of the narrative in Genesis is the opportunity to actualize the values of justice and lovingkindness through the behavior of creatures who subordinate themselves to the will 1 of God.
    [Show full text]
  • Holiness-A Human Endeavor
    Isaac Selter Holiness: A Human Endeavor “The Lord spoke to Moses, saying: Speak to the whole Israelite community and say to them: You shall be holy, for I, the Lord your God, am holy1.” Such a verse is subject to different interpretations. On the one hand, God is holy, and through His election of the People of Israel and their acceptance of the yoke of heaven at Mount Sinai, the nation attains holiness as well. As Menachem Kellner puts it, “the imposition of the commandments has made Israel intrinsically holy2.” Israel attains holiness because God is holy. On the other hand, the verse could be seen as introducing a challenge to the nation to achieve such a holiness. The verse is not ascribing an objective metaphysical quality inherent in the nation of Israel. Which of these options is real holiness? The notion that sanctity is an objective metaphysical quality inherent in an item or an act is one championed by many Rishonim, specifically with regard to to the sanctity of the Land of Israel. God promises the Children of Israel that sexual morality will cause the nation to be exiled from its land. Nachmanides explains that the Land of Israel is more sensitive than other lands with regard to sins due to its inherent, metaphysical qualities. He states, “The Honorable God created everything and placed the power over the ones below in the ones above and placed over each and every people in their lands according to their nations a star and a specific constellation . but upon the land of Israel - the center of the [world's] habitation, the inheritance of God [that is] unique to His name - He did not place a captain, officer or ruler from the angels, in His giving it as an 1 Leviticus 19:1-2 2 Maimonidies' Confrontation with Mysticism, Menachem Kellner, pg 90 inheritance to his nation that unifies His name - the seed of His beloved one3”.
    [Show full text]
  • The Philosophy of Modern Orthodox Judaism - 14785
    Syllabus The Philosophy of Modern Orthodox Judaism - 14785 Last update 03-02-2021 HU Credits: 2 Degree/Cycle: 2nd degree (Master) Responsible Department: Jewish Thought Academic year: 0 Semester: 2nd Semester Teaching Languages: English Campus: Mt. Scopus Course/Module Coordinator: Prof. Arnold Ira Davidson Coordinator Email: [email protected] Coordinator Office Hours: Teaching Staff: Prof Arnold Ira Davidson page 1 / 4 Course/Module description: The Philosophy of Modern Orthodox Judaism: Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik The thought of Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik is the philosophical foundation of Modern Orthodox Judaism. In this course, we will examine R. Soloveitchik's conception of halakhic method, his elaboration of the notion of masorah, and his idea of halakhic morality. Although we will study a number of texts from different periods of R. Soloveitchik's thought, our main text will be his collection of essays "Halakhic Morality. Essays on Ethics and Masorah". Readings from R. Soloveitchik will be supplemented by some essays of Rabbi Aharon Lichtenstein and others. The course will aim to provide a philosophical and theological characterization of Modern Orthodox Judaism, and we will draw some contrasts with both Haredi and Reform Judaism. Course/Module aims: To study the philosophical foundations of Modern Orthodox Judaism Learning outcomes - On successful completion of this module, students should be able to: To provide an understanding of the ideals of Modern Orthodox Judaism, especially as articulated by Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik Attendance requirements(%): 100% Teaching arrangement and method of instruction: Close reading and discussion of the texts Course/Module Content: see description above Required Reading: Week 1 Orthodox Judaism and Philosophy: Bifurcation or Integration: David Shatz, The Overexamined Life is not Worth Living, in Jewish Thought in Dialogue.
    [Show full text]
  • Etzion Summer 5775/2015 Update Special Edition from Yeshivat Har Etzion
    בסד etzion Summer 5775/2015 UPDATE Special Edition from Yeshivat Har Etzion This edition of the Etzion Update A BRIEF BIOGRAPHY is dedicated to the memory HaRav Aharon Lichtenstein was born on Har Etzion. HaRav Lichtenstein accepted of Yeshivat Har Etzion's Rosh 28 Iyar 5693 (May 23, 1933) in France to the position only on condition that HaRav Yeshiva and spiritual leader, Rabbi Dr. Yechiel and Bluma Lichtenstein. Amital would remain Rosh Yeshiva as HaRav Aharon Lichtenstein zt"l, In 1940, his family had been trapped for well. HaRav Lichtenstein made aliya with who left this world on Rosh several months in Vichy France when Hiram his family in 1971, and HaRav Amital and Chodesh Iyar, 5775. Bingham IV, the American vice consul HaRav Lichtenstein served together as co- in Marseilles, broke American policy by Roshei Yeshiva for four decades and taught granting the Lichtenstein family exit visas thousands of students. to the USA. (Mr. Bingham is known to HaRav Lichtenstein also served as Rector of have saved the lives of some 2,500 Jews Herzog College and as Rosh Kollel of Yeshiva and non-Jews in this way, until he was University's Gruss Institute in Jerusalem. transferred out of France in 1941.) Throughout his career, HaRav Lichtenstein As a young man, HaRav Aharon was combined mastery of the vast expanses of recognized as an outstanding student Torah knowledge with breathtaking analytic at Yeshiva Rabbi Chaim Berlin, where he depth and sharpness. His diligence in studied under HaRav Yitzchak Hutner zt"l. He Torah study, day and night, was legendary.
    [Show full text]
  • The Conceptual Approach to Talmud Study and Rav Lichtenstein's Method
    The Conceptual Approach to Talmud Study and Rav Lichtenstein’s Method Class 4 Thought of Rav Aharon Lichtenstein 02.05.18 1. Avraham Walfish, “The Brisker Method and Close Reading,” in The Conceptual Approach to Jewish Learning, pp. 299-300 (summarizing Elyakim Krumbein, “The Evolution of a Tradition of Learning”) The first two generations of Soloveitchiks focused heavily on “secondary” questions, regarding the conceptual method as a tool for resolving textual issues. Analysis of the Rav’s shi’urim, mostly drawn from Shi’urim le- Zekher Abba Mari, leads RK to the conclusion that the Rav transferred the focus of learning from resolution of textual issues to the search for a complete conceptual mapping of the sugya. (pp. 299-300) 2. Zerah Warhaftig, Hamishim Shanah ve-Shanah: Pirkei Zikhronot (Jerusalem: Yad Shapira, 1998), 153. [He brought] a new style of learning: clarifying sugyot in depth in an orderly and precise way. 3. Shalom Carmy, “Something New in the Beit Hamidrash," Jewish Action 64:3 (2004), Special Section. In Rav Lichtenstein’s analysis, the student encounters the potential plurality of approaches to the sugya, not consecutively, but in immediate simultaneity. ,)שיעורי הרב אהרן ליכטנשטיין: טהרות, אלון שבות, הקשנ"ז) Editors’ Introduction to RAL volume on Taharot .4 בשיעורים מודגשת ההסתכלות על עולם ההלכה הרחב כמכלול אחד שכל פרט בו אחוז ושלוב בפרטים האחרים. לא לקט של 'וורטים' או אוסף של הברקות מקומיות לפנינו, אלא מבנה מגובש ומעוצב... These shiurim emphasize a view of the broader world of Halakha as a single composition in which every detail is integrated with the other details.
    [Show full text]
  • My Yeshiva.Indd
    Looking Before and After By Aharon Lichtenstein A wealthy and patriotic Texan, the father of two talented sons, wanted them to attend West Point. They, for their part, very much sought to learn at a yeshiva. They compromised — so the word ran at Chaim Berlin, where I learned prior to coming to Yeshiva University — and the sons went to Yitzhak Elchanan. It was a pallid joke, reflecting the brand of condescending chauvinism, then very much in vogue, whose diminution could much enrich the Torah world; and, from an objective standpoint, it was, in many respects, offensive. No one questioned the stellar lomdishe credentials of the RIETS staff. Its members having, collectively, mostly come from premier Lithuanian yeshivot — Radin, Telshe, Slabodka, Mir, et al — were acknowledged to be fine talmidei hakhamim, including disciples of the Hafetz Hayim, R. Shimon Shkop, and the Brisker Rav, as well as the erstwhile rabbanim of Lomza and Suvalk. Above all loomed the towering figure of the Rav, regarded by the talmidim at Chaim Berlin with a measure of ambivalence bordering on suspicion, but unequivocally referred to by the Rosh ha-Yeshiva, mori ve-rabbi R. Yitzhak Hutner, as one of the gedolei ha-dor. Moreover, it was clear that the great scholars at “Yitzhak Elchanan” taught much Torah to serious talmidim; and, finally, at a time when so many of those learning at the major Brooklyn yeshivot also went to college, the quest for higher secular education per se did not disqualify for entry into the world of benei To r a h . Why, then, the Rabbi Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Yeshiva University • the Benjamin and Rose Berger Torah To-Go Series• Tishrei 5774
    1 Yeshiva University • The Benjamin and Rose Berger Torah To-Go Series• Tishrei 5774 Tishrei 5774 Dear Friends, It is our pleasure to present to you this year’s first issue of Yeshiva University’s Benjamin and may ספר Rose Berger Torah To-Go® series. It is our sincere hope that the Torah found in this .(study) לימוד holiday) and your) יום טוב serve to enhance your We have designed this project not only for the individual, studying alone, but perhaps even a pair studying together) that wish to work through the study matter) חברותא more for a together, or a group engaged in facilitated study. להגדיל תורה ,With this material, we invite you to join our Beit Midrash, wherever you may be to enjoy the splendor of Torah) and to engage in discussing issues that touch on a) ולהאדירה most contemporary matter, and are rooted in the timeless arguments of our great sages from throughout the generations. Ketiva V'Chatima Tova, The Torah To-Go® Editorial Team Richard M. Joel, President and Bravmann Family University Professor, Yeshiva University Rabbi Kenneth Brander, Vice President for University and Community Life, Yeshiva University and The David Mitzner Dean, Center for the Jewish Future Rabbi Joshua Flug, General Editor Rabbi Michael Dubitsky, Editor Andrea Kahn, Copy Editor Copyright © 2013 All rights reserved by Yeshiva University Yeshiva University Center for the Jewish Future 500 West 185th Street, Suite 413, New York, NY 10033 • [email protected] • 212.960.5263 This publication contains words of Torah. Please treat it with appropriate respect. For sponsorship opportunities, please contact Genene Kaye at 212.960.0137 or [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Modern Orthodoxy in the 21St Century, Lecture
    Modern Orthodoxy, Rabbi Moshe Shulman, Shaarei Shomayim Congregation, Spring 5766, Page 10 Modern Orthodoxy in the 21st Century: rulings, especially the perception and assessment of the Lecture III: Majestic Man & Covenantal Man realities to which halakhic a priori notions are to be The ideological framework of Modern applied, reflect to some extent his personal philosophical convictions. From his perspective, human creativity and Orthodoxy in the thought of Rabbi Soloveitchik initiative in science and technology are not merely Rabbi Moshe Shulman, Shaarei Shomayim Congregation Spring 5766 legitimate but eminently desirable, because they reflect the dignity conferred upon creatures bearing the divine Selected Bibliography image. · Rabbi Dr. Aharon Lichtenstein, A Consideration of Synthesis This stance is usually rejected by the so called "yeshiva from a Torah Pont of View” (1963), Leaves of Faith: The World world," which assigns religious significance to creativity of Jewish Learning, KTAV, 2003 only insofar as it is directly and immediately related to · Rav Joseph B. Soloveitchik: As Posek of Post-Modern Orthodoxy, Rabbi Dr. Walter Wurzburger, Tradition, vol 29, the field of Torah. R. Hayyim of Volozhin makes the 1994. point that while human beings are mandated to imitate · Some Comments on Centrist Orthodoxy, Rabbi Dr. Norman the creativity of the Creator, this emulation is possible Lamm, Tradition 22(3), 1986 only in the exercise of spiritual creativity. This is in · Lonely Man of Faith, Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik, Tradition 7 keeping with Kabbalistic doctrines which affirm that (2), 1965 only Torah study and observance of the Commandments create new spiritual worlds in the higher regions of being Rav Joseph B.
    [Show full text]
  • Joseph Kushner Hebrew Academy Middle School Haggadah
    JOSEPH KUSHNER HEBREW ACADEMY 5779 MIDDLE SCHOOL PESACH HAGGADAH 2019 Joseph Kushner Hebrew Academy 110 South Orange Ave Livingston, NJ 07038 (862) 437-8000 www.jkha.org תשע"ט The 2019- Joseph Kushner Hebrew Academy Middle School Haggadah הגדה של פסח Editor Rabbi Yaacov Feit Cover Design Ayala East Tzofiya Pittinsky Contributors JKHA Middle School Faculty and Students Dedicated by Sherry and Henry Stein in memory of their parents: Arie & Eva Halpern Dr. Morris & Shifra Epstein Bernard Stein 1 2 It is the night that we have all been waiting for. The preparation for the night of the Seder has no parallel in the Jewish calendar. Weeks of tireless effort and seemingly endless expenditures culminate in this anticipated night. We bake matzah, clean our houses, purchase or kasher new dishes, prepare our kitchens, cook, search for chametz and burn the chametz. Halacha even ensures that we prepare for the recitation of the Haggadah itself. The Rama (Orach Chaim 430) writes that during the time of mincha on Shabbat Hagadol, one should recite the main part of Maggid. We come to the Seder night more than ready to fulfill our obligation to pass on the story of Yetziat Mitzrayim together with its fundamentals of emunah to our children. And yet, each year I find myself handicapped. The hour is late and the children are tired. Engaging various types of children with different learning styles and personalities with ages ranging from pre-school through high school seems like a daunting task. Not to mention all the distractions. And sometimes I feel that the celebrated Haggadah itself presents to us one of the biggest challenges.
    [Show full text]
  • Torat Eretz Yisrael: Celebrating Religious Zionist Personalities and Their Torah Thoughts
    Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary • YU Center for the Jewish Future THE BENJAMIN AND ROSE BERGER TORAH TO-GO® Established by Rabbi Hyman and Ann Arbesfeld MAY 2019 • YOM HAATZMAUT 5779 Torat Eretz Yisrael: Celebrating Religious Zionist Personalities and their Torah Thoughts on the ,דוד חיים ע”ה בן צבי עקיבא ע“ה ,Dedicated in memory of David Rottenstreich occasion of his 10th yahrtzeit by his friends and fellow talmidim at Yeshiva University We thank the following synagogues which have pledged to be Pillars of the Torah To-Go® project Beth David Synagogue Cong. Ohab Zedek Young Israel of West Hartford, CT New York, NY Lawrence-Cedarhurst Cedarhurst, NY Beth Jacob Congregation Cong. Shaarei Tefillah Beverly Hills, CA Newton Centre, MA Young Israel of New Hyde Park Beth Jacob Congregation Green Road Synagogue New Hyde Park, NY Oakland, CA Beachwood, OH Young Israel of Bnai Israel – Ohev Zedek The Jewish Center Philadelphia, PA New York, NY Scarsdale Scarsdale, NY Boca Raton Synagogue Jewish Center of Young Israel of Boca Raton, FL Brighton Beach Brooklyn, NY Toco Hills Cong. Ahavas Achim Atlanta, GA Highland Park, NJ Koenig Family Young Israel of Foundation Cong. Ahavath Torah Brooklyn, NY West Hartford Englewood, NJ West Hartford, CT Young Israel of Cong. Beth Sholom Young Israel of Providence, RI Century City Los Angeles, CA West Hempstead Cong. Bnai Yeshurun West Hempstead, NY Teaneck, NJ Young Israel of Hollywood Ft Lauderdale Hollywood, FL Rabbi Dr. Ari Berman, President, Yeshiva University Rabbi Yaakov Glasser, David Mitzner Dean, Center for the Jewish Future Rabbi Menachem Penner, Max and Marion Grill Dean, Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary Rabbi Robert Shur, Series Editor Rabbi Joshua Flug, General Editor Rabbi Michael Dubitsky, Content Editor Andrea Kahn, Copy Editor Copyright © 2019 All rights reserved by Yeshiva University Yeshiva University Center for the Jewish Future 500 West 185th Street, Suite 419, New York, NY 10033 • [email protected] • 212.960.0074 This publication contains words of Torah.
    [Show full text]
  • Rabino Shimshon Raphael Hirsch E O Modelo 'Torá Im
    Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas Departamento de Línguas Orientais Programa de Estudos Judaicos e Árabes Saul Paves Dissertação de Mestrado Neo-Ortodoxia: Rabino Shimshon Raphael Hirsch e o modelo ‘Torá Im Derech Eretz’. São Paulo Março de 2016 Versão Corrigida PAVES, Saul Neo-Ortodoxia: Rabino Shimshon Raphael Hirsch e o modelo ‘Torá Im Derech Eretz’. Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Estudos Judaicos e Árabes do Departamento de Línguas Orientais, da Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo, para obtenção do título Mestre em Filosofia. Aprovado em:________________ Banca Examinadora Profa. Dra. Marta F. Topel Instituição:__________________ Julgamento:________________ Assinatura:__________________ Prof. Dr. Moacir A. Amâncio Instituição:__________________ Julgamento:________________ Assinatura:__________________ Prof. Dr. Francisco A. Moreno Instituição:__________________ Julgamento:________________ Assinatura:__________________ Página 2 de 202 Dedicado à memória de meu saudoso e amado mestre, Rabino Dr. Aharon Lichtenstein personificação do ideal de Chochmá Im Nachalá, dedicou-se com amor para o estudo e ensino da Torá, moldando uma geração de discípulos e admiradores em todo o mundo. Página 3 de 202 AGRADECIMENTOS Gostaria de agradecer primeiramente aos meus queridos pais, David e Dora Paves, por todo o incentivo e apoio ao longo de minha vida, e por servirem de exemplo em sua atitude e conduta, com respeito, retidão, honestidade, dedicação e empenho. A determinação e o esforço que eles tiveram em proporcionar, a mim e meus irmãos, uma educação judaica autêntica permitiram que eu estudasse no Colégio Iavne - Beith Chinuch, cujo modelo institucional, a base ideológica e o plano curricular foram inspirados nos valores e na ideologia de Torá Im Derech Eretz.
    [Show full text]
  • Rav Aharon Lichtenstein's Vision of Centrist Orthodoxy
    49 “I am in the Middle”: Rav Aharon Lichtenstein’s Vision of Centrist Orthodoxy By: ALAN JOTKOWITZ Introduction Numerous times in his conversations with Rav Haim Sabatto (which were subsequently published in the book entitled In Quest of Your Pres- ence), Rabbi Aharon Lichtenstein, zt”l (May 23, 1933 – April 20, 2015) (RAL) responded to Rabbi Sabbatto’s enquiries, “I am in the middle.” This notion of being in the “middle” is a recurrent theme in RAL’s life and thought. Rambam, following Aristotle, also famously advocated the benefits of being in the middle regarding certain character traits. The proper path is the median measure in each trait; that is, the way that is equidistant from the two extremes. Accordingly, the early Sages directed that a person always aim for the middle way in order to attain perfection.1 But it is not Rambam’s Golden Mean to which RAL is referring. As op- posed to his mentor and father-in-law Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik, who did not focus on the issues in his writings, RAL passionately and explicitly defended the values of the Centrist Orthodoxy community, both in Israel and America, in which he was the acknowledged leader. For RAL, Centrist Orthodoxy is a committed Orthodox community with specific ideological responses to the theological challenges raised by living and interacting with the modern world. But I would argue that Centrism also reflects a certain mindset that can be seen in RAL’s think- ing and writings. Many times, being in the center reflects an ability to see both sides of a complex issue and identify with the values that underlie the opposing positions.
    [Show full text]