Addressing MSP Integration Challenges: the Role of Tools and Approaches
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BALTSPACE Project Deliverable 3.3: ADDRESSING MSP INTEGRATION CHALLENGES: THE ROLE OF TOOLS AND APPROACHES Authors: Kira Gee, Nerijus Blazauskas, Roland Cormier, Karsten Dahl, Cordula Göke, Andreas Kannen, Neva Leposa, Andrea Morf, Dominic Plug, Antje Ross, Angela Schultz-Zehden, Helena Strand, Barbara Weig Geesthacht, 16 May 2018 Important note: This document is a deliverable of the BONUS BALTSPACE project. Recommended reference:, Gee, K, Blazauskas, N, Cormier, R, Dahl, K, Göke, C, Kannen, A, Leposa, N, Morf, A, Plug, D, Ross, A, Schultz-Zehden, A, Strand, H, Weig, B. (2018): BONUS BALTSPACE Deliverable 3.3: Addressing MSP integration challenges: The role of tools and approaches. BALTSPACE has received funding from BONUS (Art 185) funded jointly from the European Union’s Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration, and from Baltic Sea national funding institutions. BALTSPACE Deliverable 3.3 – Addressing MSP integration challenges: The role of tools and approaches Content Summary ............................................................................................................ 5 1. About BALTSPACE .......................................................................................... 7 1.1 Background .............................................................................................. 7 1.2 The BALTSPACE integration challenges ........................................................ 7 1.2.1 The conceptual framework for analysing integration challenges ................. 7 1.2.2 Some overall insights .......................................................................... 9 1.2.3 Implications for analysing MSP tools and approaches ............................... 9 1.2.4 Definition of “tools” and “approaches” .................................................... 9 2. This report .................................................................................................... 10 2.1 Overall aim ..............................................................................................10 2.2 Structure of the report ..............................................................................11 3. Tools in MSP – a review ............................................................................... 11 3.1 Why planners need tools ...........................................................................11 3.2 Types of tools ..........................................................................................13 3.2.1 Definitions .........................................................................................13 3.2.2 Decision support tools .........................................................................13 3.3 An overview of tools applied in past MSP contexts ........................................16 3.4 Implications for assessing tools and approaches in the context of BALTSPACE..17 4. Analysing selected tools and approaches in the context of integration challenges .................................................................................................. 18 4.1 The role of tools and approaches in the context of facilitating integration ........18 4.2 General evaluation questions .....................................................................19 4.3 Towards a template for analysis .................................................................19 4.4 Methods and constraints of the case studies ................................................24 4.4.1 Case study analysis ............................................................................24 4.4.2 Analytical constraints ..........................................................................24 5. A brief characterisation of the tools and approaches tested ......................... 24 5.1 Bowtie analysis ........................................................................................24 5.2 Culturally Significant Areas ........................................................................25 5.3 Governance Baselines ...............................................................................25 5.4 Integrated Indicator System for monitoring the spatial, economic and environmental effects of MSP solutions .......................................................25 5.5 Marxan/MarZone ......................................................................................26 5.6 Open Standards for the Practice of Conservation ..........................................26 5.7 Spatial Economic Benefit Analysis (SEBA) ....................................................26 5.8 Fit of the tools within the MSP cycle ............................................................27 5.9 Comparative characterisation of tools .........................................................28 6. Tool evaluation ............................................................................................. 30 6.1 Outcomes in applying the tools ..................................................................30 6.2 Linking approaches and tools to the BALTSPACE integration challenges ...........35 2 BALTSPACE Deliverable 3.3 – Addressing MSP integration challenges: The role of tools and approaches 6.2.1 Which integration challenges can sensibly be addressed by the tools? .......35 6.2.2 Addressing policy, sector and transboundary and multi-level integration ...37 6.2.3 Addressing stakeholder integration .......................................................40 6.2.4 Addressing knowledge integration ........................................................42 6.2.5 Contribution to wider social and process-oriented outcomes of MSP ..........45 6.3 Strengths and weaknesses of the tools .......................................................46 6.3.1 Specific tools for specific integration challenges? ....................................46 6.2.7 Which tool for which purpose? .............................................................48 6.2.8 Acknowledging the “soft” integration benefits of using tools .....................48 6.2.9 Tool constraints and necessary improvements .......................................49 7. General conclusions and recommendations .................................................. 49 7.1 Limitations of the BALTSPACE study ...........................................................49 7.2 Tool evaluation: The problem of attribution .................................................50 7.3 Considerations for using tools in MSP integration ..........................................50 7.3.1 Added value ......................................................................................51 7.3.2 The importance of how the tool is used .................................................51 7.3.3 The differing roles of the tool operator ..................................................51 7.3.4 Recognising the different roles tools can play in the MSP process .............52 7.3.5 Overcoming initial thresholds .................................................................53 7.3.6 Support by institutional frameworks and social networks ............................53 8. References ................................................................................................... 54 9. Bowtie analysis ........................................................................................... 56 9.1 The Bowtie approach ................................................................................56 9.2 Structure of the Bowtie diagram .................................................................56 9.3 Prior application of the Bowtie approach ......................................................57 9.4 The Baltspace case study ..........................................................................58 9.5 Application assessment .............................................................................66 10. Creating a baseline for identifying Culturally Significant Areas for MSP .... 70 10.1 The CSA approach ....................................................................................70 10.2 Prior application of the CSA approach .........................................................70 10.3 The BALTSPACE case study .......................................................................74 10.4 Application assessment .............................................................................83 11. Governance Baselines ................................................................................. 87 11.1 The governance baseline approach .............................................................87 11.2 Prior application of the governance baseline approach...................................91 11.3 The BALTSPACE case study .......................................................................98 11.4 Application assessment ........................................................................... 108 12. Integrated indicator system for monitoring the spatial, economic and environmental effects of MSP solutions ................................................... 111 12.1 The integrated indicator system ............................................................... 111 12.2 Development and prior application of the approach .................................... 114 3 BALTSPACE Deliverable 3.3 – Addressing MSP integration challenges: The role of tools and approaches 12.3 The BALTSPACE case study ..................................................................... 117 12.4 Application Assessment ..........................................................................