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Power and International Relations Essays in Honour of Coral Bell

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Power and International Relations Essays in Honour of Coral Bell Power and International Relations Essays in Honour of Coral Bell Edited by Desmond Ball and Sheryn Lee Power and International Relations Essays in Honour of Coral Bell Edited by Desmond Ball and Sheryn Lee Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at http://press.anu.edu.au National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Power and international relations : essays in honour of Coral Bell / edited by Desmond Ball and Sheryn Lee. ISBN: 9781925022117 (pbk) 9781925022124 (ebook) Subjects: Bell, Coral. Bell, Coral--Childhood and youth. Country life--Victoria--Ecklin South. Women college teachers--Australia. Women authors--Australia. International relations--21st century. Festschriften Other Authors/Contributors: Ball, Desmond, 1947- editor. Lee, Sheryn, editor. Dewey Number: 327.1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU Press Printed by Griffin Press This edition © 2014 ANU Press Contents Contributors . vii Photos . xi Introduction . 1 Desmond Ball and Sheryn Lee Part 1: Coral Bell: The Person and the Scholar 1 . Coral’s Early Life . 11 Harry Bell 2 . From External Affairs to Academia: Coral’s Encounter with the KGB’s Spy Ring in Australia . 13 Desmond Ball 3 . Coral Bell: A Preoccupation with Armageddon . 17 Geoffrey Barker 4 . Coral Bell: Recollections of an Optimistic Realist . 23 Meredith Thatcher 5 . Coral Bell and Her Mark on Strategic Studies . 33 Robert O’Neill Part 2: Understanding International Relations 6 . The Interpretation of Power Politics: Coral Bell’s International Thought . 45 Ian Hall 7 . The Importance of Being Coral Bell . 57 JDB Miller 8 . Coral Bell and the Classical Realist Tradition . 61 James L Richardson Part 3: The Practice of Power Politics 9 . Realist Optimist: Coral Bell’s Contribution to Australian Foreign and Defence Policy . 67 Brendan Taylor 10 . Interpreting the Cold War . 79 Michael Wesley 11 . Coral Bell and the Conventions of Crisis Management . 93 Robert Ayson 12 . Coral Bell’s Alliance Politics: Practitioner and Pundit . 105 William T Tow v Power and International Relations 13 . Coral Bell and the Concert of Power: Avoiding Armageddon . 119 Hugh White Appendix: Coral’s Publications . 133 vi Contributors Robert Ayson is Professor of Strategic Studies and directs the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand. He has held academic positions with The Australian National University, Massey University and the University of Waikato, and official positions in Wellington with the Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade Select Committee and the External (now National) Assessments Bureau. He has written books on two of the twentieth century's leading thinkers in strategic studies and international relations, Hedley Bull and Thomas Schelling, and is a frequent media commentator on Asia-Pacific security, nuclear issues and New Zealand and Australian defence policy. Robert is also Honorary Professor at the New Zealand Defence Force Command and Staff College. Desmond Ball is Emeritus Professor at The Australian National University’s Strategic and Defence Studies Centre having been Head of the Centre from 1984 to 1991. Professor Ball is the author of more than 40 books or monographs on technical intelligence subjects, nuclear strategy, Australian defence, and security in the Asia-Pacific region. His publications includeThe Boys in Black: The Thahan Phran (Rangers), Thailand’s Para-military Border Guards; Burma’s Military Secrets: Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) from the Second World War to Civil War and Cyber Warfare, Signals Intelligence in the Post-Cold War Era: Developments in the Asia-Pacific Region; Presumptive Engagement: Australia’s Asia-Pacific Security Policy in the 1990s(with Pauline Kerr), Breaking the Codes: Australia’s KGB Network, 1944-50 (with David Horner); Death in Balibo, Lies in Canberra (with Hamish McDonald); and Australia and Cyber-Warfare (with Gary Waters and Ian Dudgeon). He has also written articles on issues such as the strategic culture in the Asia-Pacific region and defence acquisition programs in the region. Professor Ball was elected a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences of Australia in 1986. He served on the Council of the International Institute for Strategic Studies from 1994 until 2000, and was Co-chair of the Steering Committee of the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific from 2000 until 2002. Geoffrey Barker is a former foreign affairs and defence correspondent for the Australian Financial Review. He has previously been a Visiting Fellow at the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, The Australian National University. Now semi-retired, he was a European and Washington correspondent for Fairfax and News Ltd. newspapers. From Washington he covered the end of the Cold War and of the Soviet Union, including all of the summit meetings between President Reagan and Premier Gorbachev. He benefitted immensely from Coral Bell's insights into the nature of superpower relations. vii Power and International Relations Ian Hall is Professor of International Relations at Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia. His books include The International Thought of Martin Wight (2006), Dilemmas of Decline: British Intellectuals and World Politics, 1945–75 (2012) and, as editor, The Engagement of India: Strategies and Responses (2014). He has also published in various journals, including Asian Survey, British Journal of Politics and International Relations, European Journal of International Relations, International Affairs, and the Review of International Studies. His research interests include the intellectual history of International Relations and Indian foreign policy. Sheryn Lee is a doctoral candidate at the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, The Australian National University, and a non-resident WSD Handa Fellow at Pacific Forum, Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), Honolulu. She holds an AM in Political Science from the University of Pennsylvania, where she was a Benjamin Franklin Fellow and Mumford Fellow. Previously, she has been a researcher, tutor, and TB Millar scholar at the SDSC, and Robert O’Neill scholar at the International Institute of Strategic Studies-Asia in Singapore. She has previously published in Asian Security and Survival, and co-edited Insurgent Intellectual: Essays in Honour of Professor Desmond Ball (with Brendan Taylor and Nicholas Farrelly). JDB Miller was Head of the Department of International Relations at The Australian National University from 1962 until 1987. He taught at the University of Sydney from 1946 to 1951 and joined the Department of Government at the London School of Economics in 1952. He was the Foundation Professor of Politics at the University of Leicester from 1955 to 1957 and Dean of Social Sciences from 1960 to 1962. His publications include Australian Government Politics: An Introductory Survey (1954), The Nature of Politics (1962), The Politics of Third World (1966), Survey of Commonwealth Affairs: Problems of Expansion and Attrition (1953-1969) (1974), The World of States (1981), and Norman Angell and the Futility of War (1986). Robert O’Neill AO, Hon D Litt (ANU) is an Emeritus Professor of The Australian National University, and an Emeritus Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford. A leading international specialist on strategic and security studies, O’Neill served as Director of the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London from 1982 to 1987, and then as Chichele Professor of the History of War and Fellow of All Souls College at Oxford University from 1987 to 2001. Earlier in his career, O’Neill was Head of the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre at ANU from 1971 to 1982. He served in the Australian Army from 1955 to 1968, and was mentioned in dispatches for his service in the Vietnam War from 1966 to 1967. Professor O’Neill's extensive record of public service includes appointments as Chairman of Trustees of the Imperial War Museum, Chairman of the Council of the Centre for Defence Studies, King's College, London, Chairman of the Council of the viii Contributors International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), Chairman of the board of the Sir Robert Menzies Centre for Australian Studies in the University of London, and Chairman of the Council of the Australian Strategic Policy Institute. He served as Planning Director and first CEO of the United States Studies Centre, University of Sydney from 2006 to 2007. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the Lowy Institute for International Policy from 2003 to 2012. He was awarded an Honorary Fellowship of the Australian Institute of International Affairs in 2009. James L Richardson was Professor of Political Science, later Professor of International Relations, at The Australian National University from 1975 to 1998. His first book,Germany and the Atlantic Alliance: The Interaction of Strategy and Politics (1966), was written at the Center for International Affairs, Harvard, at a time when strategic studies was still a novelty in the universities. After two years in the Arms Control and Disarmament Research Unit in the British Foreign Office, he taught at the University of Sydney from 1967 until moving to Canberra. His interests included Australian foreign policy, the Cold War and
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